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Module 2

Preparing Systems for

SQL Server 2008 R2

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Module Overview

• Overview of SQL Server Architecture

• Planning Server Resource Requirements

• Pre-installation Testing for SQL Server

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Lesson 1 Overview of SQL Server Architecture

• SQL Server Architecture

• !P" "sage #$ SQL Server

• Parallelism

• %& #it vs' () #it Servers

• Overview of SQL Server Memor$

• Ph$sical vs' Logical *+O

• ,emonstration 1A !P" and Memor$ !onfigurations inSSMS

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SQL Server Architecture

• Quer$ .ecution La$er

Parses and o/timi0es thequeries and manages thecaching and e.ecution ofquer$ e.ecution /lans

• Storage ngine La$er

Manages #uffer /ages *+Oto the /h$sical files loc2ingand transactions

• SQL OS La$er

Provides an a#straction la$erover common OS functions/roviding tas2 and memor$management

SQL OS

Query Execution

Storage Engine

Users

      C

     o     n      f      i     g     u     r     a      t      i     o     n

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!P" "sage #$ SQL Server

• 3indows uses /reem/tive scheduling of threads

• One scheduler for ever$ logical !P" created in SQL OS

Manages the threads retrieved from 3indows and assignstas2s to threads

Minimi0es conte.t switches through coo/erative scheduling

• !P" availa#ilit$ can #e configured without restart

Schedulers can #e ena#led or disa#led

!P" affinit$ mas2 can #e set

•

Tas2s waiting on a resource are moved to a waiting list 3ait t$/e and time are recorded

,etails are useful for monitoring and trou#leshooting

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Parallelism

• SQL Server can decide to distri#ute queries to more thanone tas2

Tas2s can run in /arallel

Overall e.ecution is faster

S$nchroni0ation overhead is incurred

Parallelism is onl$ considered for e./ensive /lans

•

Max degree of parallelism defines how man$ !P"s can#e used for e.ecution of a /arallel quer$

!an #e overridden using the MA4,OP quer$ hint

• Cost threshold for parallelism defines minimal cost forconsidering /arallel /lans

Parallelism refers to multiple processors cooperating to execute

a single query at the same time.

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%& #it vs' () #it Servers

• 5irtual Address S/ace is the memor$ that can #e allocatedto a//lications such as SQL Server

)67 on %& #it s$stems 8&-%67 availa#le for the a//lication9

:T7 on 4() s$stems and ;T7 on *A() s$stems

)67 for %& #it a//lications running on 3O3 on ()#it OS

•

A3 e.tension can #e used to access additional memor$on %it s$stems

Additional memor$ can onl$ #e used for data /age caching

• SQL Server /erformance strongl$ de/ends on memor$

*nstalling () #it versions is /referred () #it o/tions availa#le for all editions of SQL Server

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Ph$sical vs' Logical *+O

!O "ype #escription

Ph$sical *+O

Ph$sical *+O occurs when the requested /ageis not availa#le in 7uffer !ache and must #eread from the data file into the 7uffer !ache#efore the requested /age can #e su//lied or

when a changed /age is written to the datafile

Logical *+OLogical *+O occurs when the requested /ageis availa#le in the 7uffer !ache

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,emonstration 1A !P" and Memor$ !onfigurationsin SSMS

• *n this demonstration $ou will see

=ow to configure SQL Server !P" and Memor$ using SSMS

=ow to review configuration o/tions using T-SQL

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Lesson & Planning Server Resource Requirements

• *ntroduction to Planning Server Resource Requirements

•

,iscussion Previous ./osure to Resource Planning• Planning !P" Requirements

• Planning Memor$ Requirements

• Planning ?etwor2 Requirements

• Planning Storage and *+O Requirements

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*ntroduction to Planning Server Resource Requirements

• ?o eas$ formula for calculating resource requirements e.ists

•

Planning involves !hec2ing with *S5 or develo/ers

• As2 for reference installations and case studies

• Request details of /revious e./eriences with the a//lication

Performing tests with real live wor2loads

Setting goals and evaluating results against them

Planning and /redicting further grow of the wor2load and data#ase

• Monitor the outcome after release into /roduction

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,iscussion Previous ./osure to Resource Planning

• Resource Planning is an im/ortant /art of newinstallations

3hat is $our /revious e./erience with /lanning of news$stems@

=ow successful was the /lanning@

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Planning !P" Requirements

• Processor /lanning is relativel$ straightforward

•

Test on a t$/ical wor2load and monitor !P" usage !P" should #e #elow % /ercent in average

Pea2s can occur #ut should not last too long

• More /rocessors /rovide #etter /arallelism o/tions

Assists with large num#ers of concurrent connections

Assists with high data warehouse loads

• ,edicated data#ase server should use all availa#le !P"s

•

Man$ new s$stems use ?"MA architecture !hec2 with hardware vendor for o/timal SQL Server configuration

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Planning Memor$ Requirements

• SQL Server is highl$ de/endent on memor$

!aches hel/ to reduce *+O and !P"• ,ata cache reduces *+O

• Plan cache reduces the need for recom/iling queries

Memor$ to store and /rocess data is required during quer$

e.ecution Memor$ shortage can lead to !P" and *+O /ressure

• Plan to have enough memor$

A#le to cache frequentl$ accessed data

!onsider memor$ consum/tion of other services running onthe s$stem

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Planning ?etwor2 Requirements

• Plan and test the through/ut needed for the a//lication

!onsider using several networ2 ada/ters

• !onsider dedicating a networ2 connection to administrative/ur/oses

3riting 7ac2u/s to networ2 devices

Transferring data to other instances using SS*S

• "se a dedicated networ2 connection when using data#asemirroring

• !hoose and configure the networ2 /rotocols used

!hec2 firewall configurations

Test in a networ2 environment similar to the target /roductions$stem

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Planning Storage and *+O Requirements

• *+O requirements need to #e determined and tested

•

!onsiderations for storage ,edicated vs' SA? #ased storage

RA*, s$stems used

?um#er of s/indles involved 8often more im/ortant than dis2

si0e9 *+O caching configuration 8dis2 and write caching9

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Lesson % Pre-installation Testing for SQL Server

• Overview of Pre-installation Testing

•

Perform Pre-chec2s of *+O su#s$stems• *ntroducing SQL*OS*M

• *ntroducing SQL*O

• ,emonstration %A "sing SQL*OS*M B SQL*O

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Overview of Pre-installation Testing

• Planning and testing is strongl$ cou/led

• After the first /lanning /hase tests must #e /erformed

!hec2 if the /redictions made are met

!hange the /redictions #ased on the results

!hec2 if the goals set in the /lanning /hase are fulfilled

• Test different configurations involving

Storage and *+O la$out

Memor$ !P" and ?etwor2 configurations

• ,ocument ever$ test run for later use

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Perform Pre-chec2s of *+O su#s$stems

• Test different *+O t$/es and si0es

Small random reads and write on data files for OLTP s$stems

Larger sequential reads and writes for OLAP s$stems

Sequential writes for log storage

• Test with different num#ers of files involved

"se test files that are similar to $our target configuration

• ,etermine the saturation /oint of an *+O su#s$stem #$ graduall$increasing the load

•

5alidate results against e./ected outcome 7ased on the goals $ou set

!hec2ed against the /otential *+O ca/a#ilities of the s$stem

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*ntroducing SQL*OS*M

• "nsu//orted tool /rovided #$ Microsoft to test the functionalcorrectness of storage s$stems'

• !an #e run through command line and and 6"*

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*ntroducing SQL*O

• "nsu//orted tool /rovided #$ Microsoft to test the /erformanceof storage s$stems'

• !ommand line tool that can #e configured to s/ecific *+O Pattern

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,emonstration %A "sing SQL*OS*M B SQL*O

• *n this demonstration $ou will see how to

!onfigure SQL*OSim to stress test a server Test different *+O /atterns using the SQL*O utilit$

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La# & Pre/aring S$stems for SQL Server

• .ercise 1 Ad

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La# Scenario

Eou have reviewed the additional instance of SQL Server' As$stem administrator at Adventure3or2s has e./ressedsome concerns that the e.isting server ma$ not haveenough memor$ or *+O ca/acit$ to su//ort this new SQLServer instance and is reviewing a new *+O su#s$stem' Asthe data#ase administrator $ou need to review theavaila#le server memor$ and the memor$ allocated to each

of the e.isting SQL Server instances' Eou need to ensurethat the *+O su#s$stem of the new server is ca/a#le ofrunning SQL Server and the required wor2load correctl$'

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La# Review

• 3h$ is running SQL*OSim on the 5M difficult@

•

Should $ou use SQL*OS*M or SQL*O to test the/erformance of a s$stem with :>7 random reads@

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Module Review and Ta2eawa$s

• Review Questions

•

7est Practices