7 ALV Reports

What is SAP ALV? ALV stands for ABAP List Viewer. ALV gives us a standard List format and user interface to all our ABAP reports.

ALV is created by a set of standard function modules provided by SAP.

ALV provides a lot of inbuilt functions to our reports and some of the functions are listed below.

Sorting of records

Filtering of records

Totals and Sub-totals

Download the report output to Excel/HTML

Changing the order of the columns in the report

Hide the unwanted columns from the report

Because of the above functions, ALV substantially decreases the report development time. ALV takes care of

rendering the list and we can concentrate only on the data retrieval part.

Some of the function modules used to create ALV reports are listed below.

FUNCTION MODULE DESCRIPTION

REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY Display an ALV list

REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY Display an ALV grid

REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE Output List header information

REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_F4 Display variant selection dialog box

REUSE_ALV_VARIANT_EXISTENCE Checks whether a variant exists

REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE Create field catalog from dictionary structure or internal table

Simple ALV report.

DATA: it_spfli TYPE TABLE OF spfli.

SELECT * FROM spfli INTO TABLE it_spfli.

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'

EXPORTING

i_structure_name = 'SPFLI'

TABLES

t_outtab = it_spfli.

Simple ALV Output List

Create a Simple SAP ALV Report An ALV report is created using the standard function modules provided by SAP.

An ALV report can be created using the following steps.

Include SLIS type pool – SLIS type pool contains all the data types required by ALV function modules.

Data retrieval – Code the logic to fetch the data from database table into an Internal Table.

Build Field Catalog – Add the columns into an internal that you want to display in the ALV output list.

Pass the data table and field catalog table to ALV function module

TYPE-POOLS: slis. " SLIS contains all the ALV data types

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

DATA: it_sbook TYPE TABLE OF sbook.

DATA: it_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,

wa_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& START-OF-SELECTION

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.

*Fetch data from the database

SELECT * FROM sbook INTO TABLE it_sbook.

*Build field catalog

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'CARRID'. " Fieldname in the data table

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Airline'. " Column description in the output

APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'CONNID'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Con. No.'.


wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'FLDATE'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Date'.


wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'BOOKID'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Book. ID'.


wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'PASSNAME'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Passenger Name'.


*Pass data and field catalog to ALV function module to display ALV list


EXPORTING

it_fieldcat = it_fieldcat

TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Output

Field Catalog in SAP ALV The field catalog is a table which contains information on the fields to be displayed on the ALV output.

First we need to build a field catalog before displaying any output in the ALV. We have the following three ways

to build a field catalog.

Automatically through a Data Dictionary structure.

Manually in ABAP program.

Semi-automatically by combining the above two procedures.

The third option is used in the following cases.

We want to display all the fields from the DDIC structure but want to modify certain attributes like

descriptions etc.

We want to display most of the fields i.e. we want to hide certain fields.

Add new fields.

To generate a field catalog semi-automatically:

Declare an internal table of type SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV.

Call function module REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE and pass the DDIC structure of the

output table and the internal table for the field catalog. The function module generates the field catalog and fills

the internal table accordingly.

Read the rows you want to change, and adapt the fields accordingly. If your output table contains more

fields than are stored in the Data Dictionary, you must append one row for each new field to the field catalog.

Example Program


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

DATA: BEGIN OF wa_sbook,

status(4).

INCLUDE STRUCTURE sbook.

DATA: END OF wa_sbook.




*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.


SELECT * UP TO 10 ROWS FROM sbook INTO TABLE it_sbook.


wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'STATUS'. " Fieldname in the data table

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Status'. " Column description in the output


*Merge Field Catalog

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE'

EXPORTING

i_structure_name = 'SBOOK'

CHANGING

ct_fieldcat = it_fieldcat

EXCEPTIONS

inconsistent_interface = 1

program_error = 2

OTHERS = 3.



EXPORTING


TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Output

Status column is added to the field catalog along all the fields of structure SBOOK.

Display Header in ABAP ALV Grid To display header in ALV grid use the following steps.

1. Build the ALV header table.

2. Pass the TOP-OF-EVENT subroutine name and callback program name to

I_CALLBACK_TOP_OF_PAGE and I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM parameters of REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

function module.

3. Display the ALV header by passing the ALV header table built in step one to function module

‘REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE’ inside TOP-OF-EVENT subroutine.

TYPE-POOLS: slis.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

* Data Decalaration

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*


DATA: g_repid TYPE sy-repid.

DATA: it_listheader TYPE slis_t_listheader,

wa_listheader TYPE slis_listheader.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

* START-OF-SELECTION

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.

g_repid = sy-repid.


PERFORM build_alv_header.


EXPORTING

i_callback_program = g_repid

i_callback_top_of_page = 'TOP_OF_PAGE'


TABLES


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form BUILD_ALV_HEADER

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM build_alv_header .

* Type H is used to display headers i.e. big font

wa_listheader-typ = 'H'.

wa_listheader-info ='Flight Details'.

APPEND wa_listheader TO it_listheader.

CLEAR wa_listheader.

* Type S is used to display key and value pairs

wa_listheader-typ = 'S'.

wa_listheader-key = 'Date :' .

CONCATENATE sy-datum+6(2)

sy-datum+4(2)

sy-datum(4)

INTO wa_listheader-info

SEPARATED BY '/'.



* Type A is used to display italic font

wa_listheader-typ = 'A'.

wa_listheader-info ='SAP ALV Report'.



ENDFORM. " BUILD_ALV_HEADER

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form top_of_page

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM top_of_page.

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE'

EXPORTING

it_list_commentary = it_listheader.

ENDFORM. "top_of_page

Output

Display Logo in ABAP ALV Header Use the below steps to display the logo in ABAP ALV header.

1. First upload the logo that you want to display in ABAP ALV header.

2. Build the ALV header table.

3. Pass the TOP-OF-EVENT subroutine name and callback program name to

I_CALLBACK_TOP_OF_PAGE and I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM parameters of REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY

function module.

4. Display the ALV header and logo by passing the ALV header table built in step two and logo that you

uploaded in step one to function module ‘REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE’ inside TOP-OF-EVENT

subroutine.

TYPE-POOLS: slis.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

* Data Decalaration

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*



DATA: it_listheader TYPE slis_t_listheader,

wa_listheader TYPE slis_listheader.

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

* START-OF-SELECTION

*----------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.

g_repid = sy-repid.


PERFORM build_alv_header.


EXPORTING


i_callback_top_of_page = 'TOP_OF_PAGE'


TABLES


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form BUILD_ALV_HEADER

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM build_alv_header .

* Type H is used to display headers i.e. big font

wa_listheader-typ = 'H'.

wa_listheader-info ='Flight Details'.



* Type S is used to display key and value pairs

wa_listheader-typ = 'S'.


CONCATENATE sy-datum+6(2)

sy-datum+4(2)

sy-datum(4)

INTO wa_listheader-info

SEPARATED BY '/'.



* Type A is used to display italic font

wa_listheader-typ = 'A'.


wa_listheader-info ='SAP ALV Report'.



ENDFORM. " BUILD_ALV_HEADER

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Form top_of_page

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

FORM top_of_page.

CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE'

EXPORTING

it_list_commentary = it_listheader

i_logo = 'MYLOGO'.

ENDFORM. "top_of_page

Output

Display Subtotal and Total in ABAP ALV Grid Use below steps to calculate totals in ABAP ALV.

1. Build field catalog and set the field DO_SUM of field catalog to ‘X’ for the field for which you want

calculate the totals.

2. Pass field catalog to function module ‘REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY’.


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*




*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.



















wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'LOCCURAM'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Price'.

*Calculate Total for Price

wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'X'.


wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'LOCCURKEY'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Currency'.




EXPORTING


TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Output

Subtotal in ABAP ALV

To calculate subtotal in ALV, build sort catalog and set the field SUBTOT of sort catalog to ‘X’.


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*



wa_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv,

it_sort TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv,

wa_sort TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv..

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.



















wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'LOCCURAM'.




wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'LOCCURKEY'.



*Build sort catalog

wa_sort-spos = 1.

wa_sort-fieldname = 'CARRID'.

wa_sort-up = 'X'.

wa_sort-subtot = 'X'.

APPEND wa_sort TO it_sort.



EXPORTING


it_sort = it_sort

TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Output

If you want to calculate subtotals for more fields, just add a record in sort field catalog for each field.

*Build sort catalog

wa_sort-spos = 1.

wa_sort-fieldname = 'CARRID'.

wa_sort-up = 'X'.



wa_sort-spos = 2.

wa_sort-fieldname = 'CONNID'.

wa_sort-up = 'X'.



Output

Disable Icons in SAP ALV Toolbar Use below steps to disable icons in ABAP ALV toolbar.

1. Fetch data from database table.

2. Build field catalog and fill the excluding table with function codes of icons that you want to disable.

&ILT& is the function code for Filter Icon.

3. Pass field catalog and excluding table to function module ‘REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY’.


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*




DATA: it_excluding TYPE slis_t_extab,

wa_excluding TYPE slis_extab.


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.

g_repid = sy-repid.



















*Build excluding table. Append the function codes of the icons to

*excluding table that you want to disable

wa_excluding-fcode = '&ILT'. " Function code for filter icon

APPEND wa_excluding TO it_excluding.



EXPORTING



it_excluding = it_excluding

TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Currency wise and Quantity wise Totals in SAP ALV Use below steps to disable icons in ABAP ALV toolbar.

1. Fetch data from database table.

2. Build field catalog.

3. To get the currency wise totals of price, fill the CFIELDNAME field of field catalog with the currency

column name and set do_sum to ‘X’.

4. To get the quantity wise totals of luggage, fill the QFIELDNAME field of field catalog with the weight unit

column name and set do_sum to ‘X’.



*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*





*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.

g_repid = sy-repid.







CLEAR wa_fieldcat.




CLEAR wa_fieldcat.




CLEAR wa_fieldcat.




CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'FORCURAM'.



wa_fieldcat-cfieldname = 'FORCURKEY'.


CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'FORCURKEY'.



CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'LUGGWEIGHT'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Weight'.


wa_fieldcat-qfieldname = 'WUNIT'.


CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'WUNIT'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Unit'.


CLEAR wa_fieldcat.



EXPORTING



TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Output

Display Traffic Lights in SAP ALV Use below steps to disable icons in ABAP ALV toolbar.

1. Add a column to the internal table to hold the traffic lights value(i.e. 1 for RED, 2 for YELLOW and 3 for

GREEN).

2. Fetch data from database table and build field catalog.

3. Assign different traffic lights to each row based on condition.

4. To display traffic lights in the ALV, fill the lights field name in the LIGHTS_FIELDNAME of ALV layout.



*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Types

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_sbook.

INCLUDE STRUCTURE sbook.

TYPES: icon TYPE c, " Add field to hold traffic light value

END OF ty_sbook.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

*& Data Declaration

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

DATA: it_sbook TYPE TABLE OF ty_sbook.

DATA: wa_sbook TYPE ty_sbook.



DATA: is_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*


*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*

START-OF-SELECTION.

g_repid = sy-repid.



*Assign different traffic lights to each row based on condition

LOOP AT it_sbook INTO wa_sbook.

IF wa_sbook-luggweight LE 0.

wa_sbook-icon = 1. " Red Traffic Light

ELSEIF wa_sbook-luggweight LE 10.

wa_sbook-icon = 2. " Yellow Traffic Light

ELSE.

wa_sbook-icon = 3. " Green Traffic Light

ENDIF.

MODIFY it_sbook FROM wa_sbook TRANSPORTING icon.

CLEAR: wa_sbook.

ENDLOOP.





CLEAR wa_fieldcat.




CLEAR wa_fieldcat.




CLEAR wa_fieldcat.




CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'FORCURAM'.



CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'FORCURKEY'.



CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'LUGGWEIGHT'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Weight'.


CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'WUNIT'.

wa_fieldcat-seltext_m = 'Unit'.


CLEAR wa_fieldcat.

*Fill layout info.

*Fill traffic lights field name in the ALV layout

is_layout-lights_fieldname = 'ICON'.



EXPORTING


is_layout = is_layout


TABLES

t_outtab = it_sbook

EXCEPTIONS

program_error = 1

OTHERS = 2.

Output

Date post:	16-Feb-2016
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7 ALV Reports

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