7. Baker Hughes - Technologies

8/19/2019 7. Baker Hughes - Technologies

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© 2015 BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF USE: BY ACCEPTING THIS DOCUMENT, THE RECIPIENT AGREES THAT THE DOCUMENT TOGETHER WITH ALL INFORMATION INCLUDED THEREIN IS THECONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY PROPERTY OF BAKER HUGHES INCORPORATED AND INCLUDES VALUABLE TRADE SECRETS AND/OR PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF BAKER HUGHES (COLLECTIVELY "INFORM ATION"). BAKER HUGHES RETAINS AL L RI GH TS UN DE R CO PY RI GH T LA WS AN D TR AD E SE CR ET LA WS OF TH E UNI TE D ST AT ES OF AM ER IC A AN D OT HE R CO UN TR IE S. TH E RE CI PI EN T FU RT HE R AG RE ES TH AT TH E DO CU ME NT MA Y NO T BE DI ST RI BU TE D, TR AN SM IT TE D, CO PI ED ORREPRODUCED IN WHOLE OR IN PART BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, OR OTHERWISE, WITHOUT THE EXPRESS PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF BAKER HUGHES, AND MAY NOT BE USED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY IN ANY WAY DETRIMENTALTO BAKER HUGHES’ INTEREST.

Baker Hughes Drilling Services Overview

Bob Sharpe – Business Development Manager – Drilling Services UKIain Sivers – Business Development Manager – Drilling Services UK


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Agenda

Directional Drilling• Motors• Rotary Steerable

• Steerable Drilling Liner

Formation Evaluation• MWD Platforms & Mud Pulse Telemetry• Directional / Gamma Ray / Resistivity• High Level Formation Evaluation Services

Drill Bit Technology• PDC & Tri-cone technology


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HSE – Baker Hughes HSE Culture

3

The "Life Rules!" program targets 10 life-critical safety hazardswithin Baker Hughes.


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Baker Hughes Directional Drilling Solutions

Ultra X-treme™Motors

Automated Drilling Systems

Vertical andLow Inclination

Solutions

3D Rotary SteerableSystems

ConventionalDrilling Systems

Steerable Motors

Ultra™

Motors

X-treme™Motors

Special DrillingSolutions

Through-TubingRotary Drill ing

AutoTrak™ eXact

AutoTrak™ Curve

AutoTrak™ eXpress

AutoTrak™ G3

AutoTrak™ X-treme

AutoTrak™ V

TruTrak™ CoilTrak™

SureTrak™


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Drilling Technology Development

SteerableMotor Technology

Automated Sl ideDrilling Systems

Rotary SteerableSystems

Coiled Tubing BHA

Orient Express

New Gen Motor (7"Ultra XL45, 6 ¾"Ultra Curve & 5"X-treme eXtend

VertiTrak

TruTrak 4 ¾” (Jointed Pipe & Coil)

AutoTrak 1.5

AutoTrak 4-3/4”

AutoTrak 2.5

AutoTrak G3.0

AutoTrak X-treme

Navi-Drill

Ultra SeriesX-treme

Ultra X-treme

AutoTrak eXpress

CoilTrak

TruTrak

AutoTrak V

Rib Steered Motor

1970 1990 20101980 2000

AutoTrak Curve AutoTrak eXact

2015


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Motors


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Motor offeringHS High SpeedTS Turbine Speed AD Air Dri ll ing/MudX Short Ultra Motor XL Extended LengthRF Reduced FlowRS Reduced SpeedLS Low SpeedVS Very Low SpeedIR Intermediate Radius

UTR Ultra SeriesUXT Ultra X-treme SeriesXTR X-treme series

Ultra

Ultra-Xtreme

X-treme


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0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009

P o w e r

O u t p u

t ( H P )

4-3/4"

6-3/4"

9-1/2"

Navi-Drill

ULTRA

X-treme ®Motor power output development


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Power Section Technology

SteelElastomer

Standard Power Section :steel tube with cylindrical IDdiff. rubber layer thickness

X-treme Technology Power Section :pre-contoured Steel tube

less leakage between the chambers

Improved volumetric efficiencythin & “ equidistant” rubber layer

less shrinking or swellingless heat is built upheat can be dissipated easier


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DuraMax High Performance Elastomer

Ultra–HP motorsCost effective high performance solutionPrimary usage in US and Canada, >25,000 circ hrsSizes 4-¾”, 6-½”, 6 ¾” and 8”Delivers: – 50% higher torque than standard Ultra Series – Durability in difficult drilling environments – High reliabilityResults: – extended runs – significant increases in section ROPs

NEW


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Further advances in Motor Technology – Significant developments in Vertical, Build and 6 inch motor capability.

Vertical Sections

Hi DLS Capabili ty - 21.5˚

/100 ft


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Comparisons

700 hp

Lamborghini Aventador LP-700

1,025 hp

9-1/2” X-tremeHigh SpeedMotor

750 hp

Formula One560 hp

BWM M5 F10


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AutoTrak G3/ X-treme - Advanced RSS Services

Advanced Automated Rotary Closed-Loop SteeringIntegrated Formation Evaluation SystemsReservoir Navigation Service

High Resolution Imaging Services

Petrophysical

Geological

Geophysical

Reservoir Eng.

Drilling/ Steering

AutoTrak Steering UnitOnTrak ™ MWD/LWD including Telemetry


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AutoTrak G3/ X-treme - Advanced RSS Services

Advanced Automated Rotary Closed-Loop SteeringIntegrated Formation Evaluation SystemsReservoir Navigation Service

High Resolution Imaging Services

Petrophysical

Geological

Geophysical

Reservoir Eng.

Drilling/ Steering

AutoTrak Steering UnitOnTrak ™ MWD/LWD including Telemetry

Advanced Inclination Hold Mode

Adaptive Center Force Mode


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AutoTrak – Steering System Features

Rotatingdrive shaft

Non rotating steerablestabilizer sleeve

Steeringribs

Microhydraulicmodules

Control electronics

and inclination sensors

Mud LubricatedBearings

Wireless Power andCommunication Link

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AutoTrak – Steering Principle

High Side

Steering Vector

Direction

16

Click for animation


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Reliable Steering in Dynamic Environments

No loss of control in stick-slip situations

The AutoTrak steering sleeve decouples

the steering action from string rotation.No risk of hanging, sticking or damage

Ribs can fully retract into the sleeve so

it can freely rotate in the borehole C l

e a r a n c e

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n


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Easy Control with Automatic Downlinking System

“Negative” mud pulse telemetry from surface to downhole

Bypass actuator diverts 15% of mud flow in pulses

Computer controlled automated operation

Versatile commands while drilling ahead

– MWD & LWD parameters

– Steering Modes

– Directional Targets

Remote control from collaboration center possibleInlet ‐ To Standpipe

Bypass Outlet

– To Mud Pits


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AutoTrak Capability...?

Baker Hughes Solution and Results

– Turn the wellpath 255° with a continuous5°/100ft DLS to enter the reservoir

– Precisely steer a complex profile in aknown difficult drilling environment(harsh vibration conditions in chalk,unconsolidated reservoir sands)

Baker Hughes Solution and ResultsExcellent verticality achieved with the AutoTrakrun with inclinations less than 0.04°.7912 feet MD drilled in one run at 48 ft/hr ROP

VERTICAL

DIRECTIONAL


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AutoTrak X-treme - Integrated Motor Power


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AutoTrak™ Curve Rotary Steerable System

Smooth, Fast Runs to Reduce Time on Wells in Unconventional Plays


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The Difference: Design

• Directional control• Fewer components• Improved reliability• Rugged for harsh

terrains• Optional battery

• Integrated Baker HughesBit Technology

• One-piece design


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The BHA deliverable meeting the market needs

4.9 ft3.3 ft18 ft13.1 ft

39.4 ft

3.3ft

Nonmag Spacing: 18 ft

Dir. Sensor

Dir. Ele

Azi-Gamma

H i g h B U R P D CB i t • HCC technology

optimized designon bitcharacteristics forHigh BUR RSS

M o d i f i e d S t e e r i n g U n i t • Higher steering forces delivered• Shorter drive sub & additional rib

extension Updated sensor package fororiented kick from vertical

• Diamond bearings• Greatly simplified & updated

electronics

F l e x A s s e m b l y • Length extended for more flexibility

•Directional & Azi-Gamma sensor locatedin flex to be near-to-bitP o w e r a n d P u l s e r • Designed for LCM applications

• Additional power overhead for resistivityin the future

NB Inc.

Gamma Sensor Spacing: 11 ft


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The Difference: The AutoTrak Legacy

• Drills build rate of 15°/100’• Tolerates higher LCM content

• Offers near bit gamma ray• Optional flow-off survey• Runs with a standard motor • Integrates Baker Hughes bit

Steering Unit

Directional MWD

Pulser/ Power

Near Bit Gamma Near Bit Inclination


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In January 2012

$9.75mm saved

In December 2012

SLB Archer (450,000 ft as of October 2012)

BH AutoTrak Curve 2.2 million ft - October 2012and 3 million ft - December 2012

In April 2013 678 Wells Drilled, 4,000,000 ft

Q1 2015 – Over 15,000,000 feet Drilled…

The Proof: Actual Time and Cost Savings


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AutoTrak™ eXact Rotary Steerable System


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AutoTrak™ eXact Rotary Steerable System• Continued development from AutoTrak and AutoTrak Curve

▪

New Modular RSS incl. Advanced LWD▪ Higher BUR capability up to 12°/100’

▪ New Steering Unit design

– New Steering pad setup – Rugged with fewer components (no rotary seals in the steering unit). – Higher WOB capability.

▪

Baker Hughes system approach – Available in 6 ¾” and 4 ¾” tools


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AutoTrak™ eXact Rotary Steerable System

• Continued development from AutoTrak and AutoTrak Curve

Developed in the Celle Technology Centre, Germany• Currently being used in KSA, UAE, USA, China & Oman

Planned application• 6 ¾”tools will replace the AutoTrak ™ G3 steering unit fleet.

4 ¾” Tools

• Currently being deployed in KSA as a solution to the harsh drillingconditions.


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SureTrakTM

Steerable Drilling Liner Service


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System Overview

Flexible system that can circulate, rotate, drill, log and set liner in one runSizes: – 9 5/8” SureTrakTM: 8 ½” x 12 ¼”

– 7” SureTrakTM: 6” x 8 ½”Benefits & Features: – Flexible Stick-out BHA length – Provides required LWD/MWD – Drill 3D wells & horizontal sections – Doesn’t require any rig modification – Retrievable BHA

Turn the irrecoverable reserves into recoverable


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System Overview

Outer String: – Liner – Setting Tool – Reamer Bit

Inner String: – Drill Pipe – Inner BHA

Motor driven components – Reamer Bit – Pilot BHA

Stick out / Pilot BHA

– Directional – FE tools


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System Overview

SmartBattery Sub

BCPM

ModularMotor

ReamerDrive Sub

Pilot BHAThruster Reamer BitLiner

SettingTool

System Components• Standard• Modified• New Developments


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System Overview

Rotation• Liner can be rotated from surface• Pilot BHA rotates with motor RPM (+ string RPM)• Reamer Bit rotates with motor RPM if connected (+ string RPM)


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System Overview

Flow Path• Setting Tool provides metal seal between inner and outer string• Approx. 95% of flow rate exits at Pilot Bit• Approx. 5% exit at Modular Motor Lower Bearing. This hinders

cuttings from entering liner string

SettingTool

Pilot BitModular Motor


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Case History

7” SureTrak TM application Offshore North Sea

Location: Offshore North SeaOperator: StatoilDate: September 2012Hole Size: 6” x 8 ½”Liner Length/Size:250 m (820 ft) of 7” Liner.Well Type: 3D, horizontal Averaged ROP: 17m/hr (56 ft/hr)Drilled distance: 250 m (820 ft)

Max. Inclination: 92°


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The next step…?

• Dual position option

Phase 1 development – Q4 2015, Dual position with ‘retractable’ PilotBHA

Phase 2 development – 2017, One Trip system, Drill Run Liner andCement


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Modular System Example – Penta Combo BHA

AutoTrak Modular Motor CoPilot

OnTrak / AziTrakBCPM

LithoTrak ORDCCNTesTrak

SoundTrakMagTrak


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Baker Hughes Formation Evaluation Portfolio

• OnTrak™ – Resistivity, gamma imaging, dynamics• AziTrak™ – Deep azimuthal resistivity

• VisiTrak ™ – Extra Deep Azimuthal Resistivity• ZoneTrak™ – Resistivity & Gamma Ray at bit• StarTrak™ – High definition electrical imaging• LithoTrak™ – Porosity, imaging, caliper, Pe

• SoundTrak™ – Advanced acoustic logging• TesTrak™ – Formation pressure testing• FASTrak™ – Fluid Analysis and Sampling• MagTrak™ – LWD magnetic resonance logging

• SeismicTrak™ - Seismic While Drilling


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Formation Evaluation Service Expansion at Baker Hughes

TelecoMWD

Resistivity Gamma

Triple Combo MPR

SoundTrakLithoTrak

TesTrakCo-Pilot

Sara IIMagTrak

StarTrakDeepTrak

Azimuthal Propagation Resistivity

BCPM II

Azimuthal Caliper

FASTrakSeismicTrak

Wired Pipe

ZoneTrak

Directional Gamma

1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

AutoTrak Curve

OnTrak 175

AutoTrak eXpress

X-treme AutoTrak

AutoTrak eXact

VisiTrak

SureTrak

T l t


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TelemetryHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging

• Probe Base SystemsNaviTrak (Discrete Pulse)TeleTrak (Discrete Pulse)EMTrak (Electromagnetic)

• Collar Based SystemsBCPM - (Discrete Pulse)BCPM II – (Discrete Pulse & Continuous Wave)

Wired Pipe

Risk MitigationCost ReductionEvaluation

BCPM2

Wired Pipe


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11 00 11

PSKPSK

11 00 11

CW

Mud-Pulse Telemetry – Signal Types

11 00 11 00 11 00

DiscreteDiscrete

11 00 11 00 11 00

DiscreteDiscrete

• Oscillating Shear Valve Mud Pulser (BCPM2)Discrete pulses & continuous wavesLow and high frequency signal < 60 HzMax. data rate of 40 bps

• Cone Valve Mud Pulser (BCPM, NaviTrak)

Discrete pulsesLow frequency signal < 20 HzMax. data rates of 6 bps

Telemetry


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AziTrak


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AziTrakHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging

• Deep reading Azimuthal Resistivity• OnTrak with orthogonal receiver • Direction & distance to bed boundaries (up to 17ft / 5m)• Reservoir Navigation Service


T R

AziTrak Ri k Mi i i


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AziTrakHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging


Significant difference between planned anddrilled wellpaths – average 23ft above plan

Drilled on average 7ft TVD below Top UCSAchieved 98% N:G

Completion interval ~ 5000ft MD

Well came on production above the P90

estimates

Signalamplitude

Resistivity

GR

APR imageGR image

Model surfacecurtain

UpDown

Distance to Bed (%)

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

shale

0-2ft

2 - 4ft

4 - 6ft

6 - 8ft

8 - 10ft

10 - 12ft

12 - 14ft

> 14ft

D i s t a n c e t o

B e d

Percentage of Lateral (%)

Lateral C44 Lateral C44z

Tracking very close toroof down to TVD limit

Implement lateral & TVDgeosteering decision

Dip in well =KOP for pilothole

Drilled above(>32ft TVD)planned wellpath

TD in roof –very shallow dip

VisiTrak - Extra Deep Azimuthal Resistivity

Ri k Mitig ti


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VisiTrak - Extra Deep Azimuthal ResistivityHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging

• Based on proven DeepTrak and AziTrak technologies.

• Orthogonal transmitter array allows detection of multiplebed boundaries at up to 30 m (20kHz and 50kHz)

• ApplicationsQuantifying reserves / confirming fluid contactsIncreased depth of detection when landing wells.Identifying multiple boundaries, remote sands, additional

reservoir levels.Understanding gross reservoir architecture.Detecting changes in reservoir thickness.Maximising reservoir contact.


6 ¾“ Vi iT k D h l


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6 ¾“ VisiTrak Downhole system

D th f D t ti MPR T h l i


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0 50 100

Azimuthal

Non ‐Azimuthal

Maximum depth of detection (ft)

VisiTrak ‐ 100 ft

OnTrak ‐ 9 ft

DeepTrak ‐ 50 ft

AziTrak ‐ 17 ft

Depth of Detection MPR Technologies

VisiTrak E tra Deep A im thal Resisti it


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VisiTrak – Extra Deep Azimuthal Resistivity

10 Ohmm Reservoir to 1 Ohmm Boundary

Extra Deep Azimuthal Resistivity (EDAR) Risk Mitigation


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Extra Deep Azimuthal Resistivity (EDAR)High Definition LWD Electrical Imaging


ZoneTrak / ZoneTrak G

Risk Mitigation


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High Definition LWD Electrical Imaging

• Resistivity & Gamma Ray Geostopping ToolCasing point selectionCore point selectionGeological interpretation with seismic correlationSalt drilling applications – exit and entry

• Oil & Water Based Mud

• 4 ¾” Gamma Ray integrated into 4 ¾” AutoTrak

gCost ReductionEvaluation

ZoneTrak – Resistivity at Bit - Geostopping


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ZoneTrak – Resistivity at Bit - Geostopping

Formation Change !!!

21 ft

© 2009 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.

StarTrak

Risk Mitigation


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• High resolution resistivity imager 120 sectors in memory / 16, 32 or 64 sectors realtime

0.25 inch x 0.25 inch pixel size

• ApplicationsWellbore Placement

Structural dip and dip azimuth for steering

Reservoir CharacterizationBedding, Faults & Fractures

Wellbore Integrity (NPT)Breakouts and drilling induced fracturesECD management

Cost ReductionEvaluation

LithoTrak

Risk Mitigation


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• ServicesBulk Density (Azimuthal)Neutron PorosityCaliper (Azimuthal)Photoelectric Effect (Azimuthal)

• ApplicationsIdentification of gas filled porosityStructural characterisation & Reservoir Navigation

Borehole size, shape & orientationSynthetic seismograms


Images Risk Mitigation


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High Definition LWD Electrical Imaging Cost ReductionEvaluation

OnTrak/AziTrak

Gamma RayImage

LithoTrak Bulk

DensityImage

StarTrakHR ElectricalImage

structural bedding

thin bed detail

SoundTrak

Risk MitigationC R d i


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• Realtime compressional slowness (12, 11 & 4 kHz)Monopole measurement

40-190 μsec/ft

• Post run shear slowness (8, 4, 3 & 2 kHz)Quadrupole measurement

Shear in slow formations (90-520μsec/ft)

• ApplicationsPore Pressure Predication

Synthetic SeismogramPorosity Indicator Rock Strength


Monopole Dipole Quadrupole

TesTrak

Risk MitigationC t R d ti


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• Formation Pressure Tester SmarTest & SmartPad technology

• ApplicationsFormation pressuresCalibrate realtime PPPControl overbalance / ECDNear wellbore mobilityGas / Oil / Water contact identification

Depletion monitoringReservoir connectivity


TesTrak Real-Time Information


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2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

90 110 130 150 170Time [s]

P

r e s s u r e

[ p s

i ]

– Annulus Pressures

– Formation Pressures

– Draw Down Pressures

– Mobility (downhole FRA)

– Quality Indicator Final Build Up CriteriaFRA Correlation

– Temperature Change

– Tool Face

FASTrakHi h D fi i i LWD El i l I i

Risk MitigationCost Reduction


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• Downhole Fluid Analysis

Temperature

Density

Viscosity

Sound Speed

Oil / Gas Ratio

• Downhole Fluid Sampling

Sixteen Nitrogen buffered samples in single phasetanks

Sample over-pressurisation for preservation

Built on TesTrak & Wireline RCI technology


LWD Sampling


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Power Module

Pump and Analyzer Module

Tank Modules4 x 4 tanks

TerminationModule

Draw Down Pump

Quartz Pressure Gauge

Sealing Element

Sampling Tanks

Exit to Wellbore

Fluid Analyzer

Sample Pressure Gauge

Realtime Fluid Analysis


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33333333333

3344333344333334455

1 250 3501 600 700

2 275 3752 627 754

3 225 3753 659 643

Mud FiltrateTransition ZoneFormationFluid

Contamination vs. Time


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• Volumes and times matched

MagTrakHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging



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• Magnetic Resonance While DrillingT2 Distribution realtime

• Motion insensitive measurement due to:Stabilisation of the sensor Near zero magnetic field gradient – vibration tolerant

Very short interecho time (TE)

• Applications

Where are the fluids? – Porosity

What is the fluid type? – Fluid Differentiation

How much is producible? – Movable vs. Bound

How easy is it to produce? – Permeability Index

Evaluation

E h T i T Di t ib ti

MagTrak – Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)


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Echo Train

E c h o

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0 400300200100Time (ms)

20

15

10

5

500

Matrix RockDryClay

Clay-

boundwater Movable water

Capillary

boundwater

T 2 Distribution

0

1

2

3

4

0.1

P a r t

i a l P o r o s

i t y

1 10 100 1000T 2 (ms)

Decomposition

Multi-Exponential

T 2 cutoffsPorosity

Volumetrics

HeavyOil

HeavyOil

MediumOil

MediumOil

LightOil

LightOil

SeismicTrakHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging



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• Checkshot measurement (CS)First arrival – Formation velocity

• Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP)Near / below well seismic imaging

• ApplicationsReduce seismic uncertaintyControl parameters in high risk zonesOverpressure / Depleted / Salt Rubble ZonesCasing point selection

Avoid unnecessary sidetracksReduce operating costs

Evaluation

SeismicTrak - Measurement Principle


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TVD [m]

T i m e

[ m s ]

Vertical Seismic Profiling – VSPCheckshot – CS

1 st Break

© 2011 HM

SeismicTrakHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging

Risk MitigationCost ReductionE l i


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Evaluation

VSP Upwaves CorridorStack SdTk

SyntheticSeismogram

Surface SeismicTime-Depth

Pairs

Look-Ahead

BEACONHigh Definition LWD Electrical Imaging

Risk MitigationCost ReductionE l ti


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• Remote Operations Centre

Realtime monitoring & operationsWellLink RTWellLink Data ServicesWellLink Performance24/7 Technical SupportDrilling OptimisationReservoir Navigation Services

Evaluation


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Thank You

Questions

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7. Baker Hughes - Technologies

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