Ticketing Systems and User InformationJohn Austin

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Public Transport for Jakarta – Some Aims• Giving Jakarta better Public Transport services• So getting more passengers on Public Transport and

slowing the growth on other modes– and making life better for all travellers

• Improving the travel experience for all Public Transport users

• Involves radically improving the non-busway bus services (the majority of public transport use in Jakarta)

• PLUS ……..

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Public Transport for Jakarta – Some AimsDeveloping Jakarta Public Transport to: •Enable Integrated, Multimodal Passenger Journeys across all Public Transport services•Impress the Public Transport passenger with the concept of an integrated network across the different modes•Make the network attractive, so people want to use it

Ticketing Systems and User Information are fundamental to this

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Ticketing Systems and User Information together• These complement each other

From TransitLink website (Singapore)

Fares

Times and RoutesJourney Planning

Fares

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Both Ticketing Systems and User Information are key to:

• Directly increasing the usage of Public Transport• Public Transport competing better with

alternatives (e.g. motor-bike, cars)

Their success depends on implementing other changes

• Policy / Reform• Network Design• Standards• etc.

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They also assist with• Reducing boarding times, so buses can travel more

kilometres in the same time• Focussing management attention on getting the design of

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) data structure right - needed for electronic information - for example:– exactly where buses go– how long they normally take to travel on each section of

road• Giving information to managers so they can make better

decisions– about passenger journeys– on where revenue is coming from– on where investment needs to be focussed to reduce traffic

delays

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Ticketing Systems• A long-term aim: an integrated multimodal Smartcard

– To enable travel on Jakarta Public Transport network with a single card

– Compatible with other systems that will have to be used where the integrated multimodal Smartcard is not available or not practicalo No city has 100% use of such a card: varies by city o London: 80% (June 2012)

• BUT a multimodal card is a huge challenge to introduce, from the experience of cities worldwide

• So, as the path towards this, initially develop single-mode smartcards, managing them so that they provide an integrated service

• This itself is a step-change for the non-busway bus services

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Benefits of Smartcard ticketing

• Ease of travel – physically easier, and easier to understand

• Faster, easier interchange• Pre-payment, without the passenger minding this• Can provide better financial security• Gives management flexibility on fares • Can create a marketing relationship with passenger• Can give management better information on travel

patterns

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Multimodal Integrated Smartcard – the AimFeatures •One single card for all travel at all times

– But some exceptions for coverage (some modes)•Card would be ‘contactless’ (touch or remote) smartcard

– Could be dedicated just to public transport– Could be mostly public transport but also used for small retail

purchases and / or road tolls – Or could be a bank card that is enabled for public transport travel

o Which could be a single -bank-specific electronic money producto Or a contactless bank card

•In the future it could be smartphone with a chip in it•Or it could be another e-equipped personal device (e.g. a Near Field Communication [NFC]-enabled device)•Dependent on how technology develops

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For a bus-only, but multi-operator card, as a step towards multimodal card

• The same above features as Multimodal card• But requires co-ordination with other cards if it is to

achieve objectives of making Public Transport travel easy and attractive, e.g.– Identical or similar passenger travel ‘conditions’– Compatible and co-located ‘top-up’ / vending machines– Information on the different modal cards available all in one

place – Compatible time periods / validity

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Smartcard – ‘Hard’ Requirements– Technology

o Open technology standards / systems with long lifeo Security (financial and data) and speed of all systemso Compatibility with existing systemso Reliability / Performance (standards)o Capacity to handle all transactions

– Fare Structureo Compatibility with the fares structures that are used o If multimodal, then compatible with each mode’s fare structureso Including concessions, supplements, ‘period’ tickets

– Infrastructureo Reading / Entry and Exit Control on all Station / Vehicle Entry points

(exact points to be controlled depends on whether system is ‘closed’ like TransJakarta or ‘open’ like off-busway bus services)

o Communicationso Processing (‘Back office’)

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Smartcard – ‘Soft’ Requirements– Business Model / Organisation

o Where multimodal - Which modes are in? Which are out?o Consider Value Chain – Who gains what?o Partnership: compatible with all stakeholders’ business goalso A controlling Organisation / Authority and a ‘Champion’o Different roles of different partieso Back Office systems operator

– Project Planning / Deliveryo Complexity o Timescale

– All the above become more complex as more modes and organisations are brought into the mix

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Multimodal integrated ticketing worldwide• Lengthy timescale to introduce• Complex project management to achieve success• Where regulation and control by the authority of public

transport is ‘loose’ successful implementation is more difficult

• Inclusion of taxis in a public transport smartcard scheme is not at all usual

Some key factors for smartcard success (whether single mode or multimodal)

• Role of Authority, to co-ordinate or control• Institutional Changes• Passenger incentives to use smartcard• Technical reliability

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User InformationThe passenger needs to know: –What Public Transport is available ?–What Public Transport can I get from A to B ?–How do I get to and from the Public Transport ?–When should I expect it to come ?–When is it actually going to come (‘Real Time Information’) ?–How much will it cost me to use ?–How do I pay for it?o Easier to explain to the passenger if there is a multi-

trip card, or cards

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A key point the passenger needs to know about – INTERCHANGE – where problems can often occur

Map of bus stops in city centre of Manchester, UK

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The passenger also needs general information– Especially for new travellers; such as :o How safe is Public Transport to use?o Where will the buses stop?o How do I get on and off the bus?

And needs information in a variety of ways– Paper– Signs– Informed Staff– Websites– Social Media– Smartphones / Tablets (Apps and mobile-enabled

sites)

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Conceptual bus network, with other Modes:Increases complexity of understanding

Conceptual bus network from Public Transport Revitalization Strategy Presentation

Commuter Rail (illustrative)

MRT (illustrative)

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Passenger Information to enable INTEGRATION• People need to be able to change from one bus to another

easily

It happens on TransJakarta: passengers use these maps to navigate the TransJakarta network. But not much elsewhere

• And from one mode (e.g. bus) to another (e.g. KRL)

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What do passengers need for INTEGRATION? (1)• A clear Jakarta Public Transport Network BRAND

– (to recognise - though whilst this is important it is not a first step)

• Clear on-the-street signage– (to get to and from the stop easily)

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What do passengers need for INTEGRATION? (2)• Real-Time Information

‘Next bus’ departure – all buses, destination, working

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What do passengers need for INTEGRATION? (3)

•The opportunity to easily obtain and use an INTEGRATED MULTI-MODAL SMARTCARD TICKET– (to pay easily)

• Electronic Journey Planners available on Smartphone Apps, Tablet Apps, Websites– (to find their way easily)

• Information about all the network in VARIOUS MEDIA

• On-road staff who are fully briefed, understand the network themselves, and are available to help

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What information can be produced for passengers? (1)

Showing where the bus is going (not everybody understands the direction)

Even smaller buses can show where they’re going to

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What information can be produced for passengers? (2)

Leaflets for new routes, and making the leaflets available

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What information can be produced for passengers? (3)

• Customer Helpline

• Radio Announcements / Press Release / Press Articles

• Direct E-mails

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What information can be produced for passengers? (4)

• Facebook

PrimaJasa’s Facebook page – showing fares on different routes

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What information can be produced for passengers? (5)

• TwitterKRL’s Twitter page

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What information can be produced for passengers? (6)

• Websites

Website of Brighton & Hove bus company, UK. Links to a very large range of information

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What information can be produced for passengers? (7)

• Mobile apps• Android (many) • Windows / Nokia (many)• i-phone (comparatively few)• Blackberry (very few)

• Journey Planners• Google Maps /Google Transit Journey Planning• Other Journey Planners exist in many places

worldwide

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Current Mobile apps for Jakarta Public Transport

Several developed by unofficial sources A few (e.g. some for railways) are official

Smartphone Operating System Approx. number

Android 15 – 20

Windows / Nokia 10 - 15

Apple 5 – 10

Blackberry c. 5

Those apps relating to non-TransJakarta bus routes include information which official sources do not currently provide, and which may be wrong

Dishub should start to reliably and accurately construct and maintain information on such bus routes so that it can then provide it to app suppliers

Free Apple OS app on TransJakarta

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Journey Planners

Google Journey Planner

Google is a market leader in Journey Planning worldwide: its tools are widely available.

Google Transit is an official Google programme done through city Public Transport agencies and operators.

Google claims that Google Transit covers Jakarta.

Yet its Jakarta data is wrong. Where does it come from?

Dishub should ensure that Google has correct data

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Multimodal Journey Planners

Google Transit Journey Planner: Very clever, and easy and attractive to useVery easy to locate it online

But it’s wrong for Jakarta (some bus routes shown here do not exist)

Because the data it uses is wrong

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What’s needed for Dishub to deliver all this?

• Dishub must have easily-accessible, accurate information on the whole bus network

• Routes, Operators, Stops, Terminals• The different Dishub departments dealing with

these must communicate well with each other• And there must be clear IT protocols for Dishub

handling information relating to the bus network• Standard use of names, abbreviations, structure of

databases/spreadsheets• Relate different spellings of the same place to one standard

name• Data must be correct• Must be proper version control of documents• Must be systems/processes for keeping the data up-to-

date

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Once the information is correct• Dishub to make this accurate information available to

private-sector producers /suppliers of mobile apps • Dishub to establish a small Public Transport Marketing

office, with clear, but limited objectives• Output to be focussed initially on publicity for bus service

changes• and introduction of a simple web-based Public Transport

Information Portal• Revised Dishub website (March 2014) is a welcome move in this

direction

• Expansion of role of this office over time, with, e.g. • Real Time information• Ticketing strategy• Adoption of standards• Formal relationship with Google Transit• Adoption of brand