71697005 Governor Principle

7/27/2019 71697005 Governor Principle

1/5

diesel engine governor

584 310 - 24- jpg - www.tpub.com/.../h1018v1/img/h1018v1_55_2.jpg: www.tpub.com/.../doe/h1018v1/css/h1018v1_55.htm

Click Here toOrder this information in Print

Click Here toOrder this infor mation on CD-ROM

Click Here toDownload this infor mation in PDF Format

Click here to make tpub.com yo ur Home PagePage Title: Simplif ied Operation of th e Governor

Back| Up| NextClick here for a print able version

Web

www.tpub.com

Search

Home

Ads by Go ogl e

Hydraulic Pumps

Hydraulic Motor

Governor

Information Categories

....

AdministrationAdvancementAerographerAutomotiveAviationCombatConstructionDivingDraftsmanEngineeringElectronicsFood and CookingMathMedicalMusicNuclear FundamentalsPhotographyReligion

USMCProducts

Educational CD-ROM'sPrinted Manuals

Downloadable Books

Back Governor

UpMechanical Science Volume 1 of 2

NextDetailed Operation of the Governor

Woodward Governor PartsGovernors, Fuel Valves & More! Request a Quote Today MCGILLindustries.com

Nachi Casappa Walvoil Hystar Chanto www.sritong.co.thAmer ican Governor Company Full Woodward Governor Support Parts, Service, Training, Upgrades www.americangovernor.com

Diesel Engine Fundamentals DOE-HDBK-1018/1-93 DIESEL ENGINE SPEED,

FUEL CONTROLS, AND PROTECTION

Simplified Operation of the Governor

The governor controls the fuel rack position through a combined action of the hydraulic

piston and a set of mechanical flyweights , which are driven by the engine blower shaft.

Figure 28 provides an illustration of a functional diagram of a mechanical-hydraulic

governor. The position of the flyweights is determined by the speed of the engine. As

the engine speeds up or down, the weights move in or out. The movement of the

flyweights, due to a change in engine speed, moves a small piston (pilot valve) in the

governor's hydraulic system. This motion adjusts flow of hydraulic fluid to a large

hydraulic piston (servo-motor piston). The large hydraulic piston is linked to the fuel

rack and its motion resets the fuel rack for increased/decreased fuel.

Figure 28 Simplified Mechanical-Hydraulic Governor

Page 1 of 1Google http://www.tpub.com/content/doe/h1018v1/img/h1018v1_55_2.jpg

05/11/2011http://www.google.co.th/imgres?imgurl=http://www.tpub.com/content/doe/h1018v1/img/h1018v1_55_2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.tpub.c...


2/5


Click Here toOrder this info rmation on CD-ROM


Click here to make tpub.com yo ur Home PagePage Title: Detailed Operation of the Governor

Back| Up| NextClick here for a printable version

Web

www.tpub.com

Search

Home

Ads by Go ogle

Diesel Engine

Governor

Governor of Texas


....

AdministrationAdvancementAerographerAutomotiveAviationCombatConstructionDivingDraftsmanEngineeringElectronicsFood and CookingMathMedicalMusicNuclear FundamentalsPhotographyReligionUSMC

Products

Educational CD-ROM'sPrinted Manuals

Downloadable Books

Back

Simplified Operation of the Governor

Up

Mechanical Science Volume 1 of 2

Next

Detailed Operation of the Governor

Techcon SystemsLeader of fluid dispenser, precissi on valve, needle & syring Cartridgewww.pcprotect.co.th/Tel.02-744-5989

Nachi Casappa Walvoil Hystar Chanto www.sritong.co.thHydraulic Quick CouplingBall Valves, Check Valves, Screw Coupling,Spanish Manufacturerwww.inteva.es

DIESEL ENGINE SPEED, DOE-HDBK-1018/1-93 Diesel Engine Fundamentals

FUEL CONTROLS, AND PROTECTION

Detailed Operation of the Governor

With the engine operating, oil from the engine lubrication system is supplied to the

governor pump gears, as illustrated in Figure 29. The pump gears raise the oil pressure

to a value determined by the spring relief valve. The oil pressure is maintained in the

annular space between the undercut portion of the pilot valve plunger and the bore in the

pilot valve bushing. For any given speed setting, the spring speeder exerts a force that

is opposed by the centrifugal force of the revolving flyweights. When the two forces are

equal, the control land on the pilot valve plunger covers the lower ports in the pilot valve

bushing.

Figure 29 Cutaway of a Woodward Governor

ME-01 Rev. 0Page 36

Page 1 of 2Detailed Operation of the Governor

05/11/2011http://www.tpub.com/content/doe/h1018v1/css/h1018v1_56.htm


3/5

Click here to make tpub.com yo ur Home PagePage Title: WOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS

Back| Up| NextClick here for thou sands of PDF manuals

Home

Web

www.tpub.com

Search


....

Administration

AdvancementAerographerAutomotiveAviationConstructionDivingDraftsmanEngineeringElectronicsFood and CookingLogisticsMathMedicalMusicNuclearFundamentalsPhotographyReligion

BackThe spray tip of the injector

UpTM-5-2815-232-14 Engine Diesel Caterpillar Model

3508 Manual

NextWOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS-continued

Woodward Governor PartsGovernors, Fuel Valves & More! Request a Quote Today MCGILLindustries.com

Nachi Casappa Walvoil Hystar Chanto www.sritong.co.thAmer ican Go vernor Company Full Woodward Governor Support Parts, Service, Training, Upgrades www.americangovernor.com

F U E L SYSTEM SYSTEMS OPERATION

WOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS

SCHEMATIC OF UG8 LEVERGOVERNOR

The Woodward U G8 L is the standard governor An accumulator is used to keep a constant oil

used on Industrial Engi nes. S tandar d location for t he pr essur e of appr oxi mat el y 830 kPa (120 psi ) to the t op of

govern or is on t he ri ght si de of t he f ront housi ng; wi th an the power piston and to th e pilot val ve.

attachment gea r gro up it can be lo cat ed on the left side.

The power piston is connected by a linkage

The UG8 Le ver Gover nor is a mec hani cal - system to one sid e of t he out put t er mi nal shaft. Ther e is

hydraulic g ov er no r. A hydraulic ac ti va te d po we r piston is oil pr es su re on bo th t he t op an d b ot to m of t he po we r

u se d to t ur n t he ou tp ut t er mi na l s ha ft of t he g ov er no r. piston. The b ot to m of t he piston ha s a l ar ge r a re a t ha n

The terminal shaft is connected by linkage to the fuel the top.

control torsion shafts. The rotation of the fuel control

torsion shafts controls rack movement at each fuel Less oil pressure is required on the bottom than

injector. Make reference to FUEL INJECTOR on the top to keep the piston stationary. When the oil

C ON TR OL LINKAGE. The governor oil pump and pressure is the same on the top and bottom of theb al lh ea d a re dr iv en by a b ev el g ea r set in t he go ver no r piston, t he piston will move up a nd c au se t he ou tpu t

d ri ve h ou si ng . The b ev el ge ar s et is d ri ve n by t he f ro nt t er mi na l s ha ft to t ur n in t he i nc re as e f ue l direction. W he n

gear group. oil pressure on the bottom of the piston is di rected to the

sump (d rain ), th e piston will move down and ca use the

The oil pump giv es pr essur e oil to oper ate t he out put t er mi nal shaf t to tur n in th e decre ase f uel

pow er piston. The driv e gear of the oil pum p has a direction. Oil to or fro m the bo tt om of the po wer piston is

bushing in which the pilot valve plunger moves up and controlled by the pilot va lve.

down. The driven gear of the oil pump is also the drive

for the bal lhead. The pilot valve has a plunger and bushing. The bushing

is turned by the governor drive shaft. The rotation of the

bushin g helps red uce friction between

71

Page 1 of 2WOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS

05/11/2011http://www.tpub.com/content/automotiveenginemechanics/TM-5-2815-232-14/TM-5-2815-232-140089.htm


4/5

Click here to make tpub.com yo ur Home PagePage Title: WOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS-

continuedBack | Up | Next

Click here for thou sands of PDF manuals

Home

Web

www.tpub.com

Search


....

AdministrationAdvancementAerographerAutomotiveAviationConstructionDivingDraftsmanEngineeringElectronicsFood and CookingLogisticsMathMedicalMusicNuclearFundamentalsPhotographyReligion

BackWOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS

UpTM-5-2815-232-14 Engine Diesel Caterpillar Model

3508 Manual

NextAIR FUEL RATIO CONTROL

Nachi Casappa Walvoil Hystar Chanto www.sritong.co.thWoodward Governor PartsGovernors, Fuel Valves & More! Request a Quote Today MCGILLindustries.com

Hydraulic Quick CouplingBall Valves, Check Valves, Screw Coupling,Spanish Manufacturer www.inteva.es

F U E L SYSTEM SYSTEMS OPERATION

the bushing and plunger. The pilot valve plunger has a When the engine is in operation at a steady

l an d that controls t he oil f lo w t hr ou gh t he p or ts in t he sp eed t he l an d on t he pilot control v al ve is in t he c en te r

b us hi ng . W he n t he pilot v al ve p lu ng er is m o v e d do wn , of t he control po rt of t he b us hi ng . A de cr ea se in l oa d will

high pre ss ure oil goes to t he bot tom of t he power piston ca use an i ncre ase in engi ne speed. Wit h an in - cr eas e

and th e powe r piston will move up. Wh en the pilot valv e in engine speed the flyweights move out and raise the

plung er is mo ve d up, the oil on the bottom of the power speeder r od and floa ting lev er. Thi s raises the pilot valve

piston is released to the sump and the power piston plunger and releases oil f rom the bottom of the power

moves down. W hen the pilot valve plunger is in the piston. As the power piston moves down, the output

c en te r ( ba la nce ) position, th e oil po rt to t he b ot to m of th e t er mi na l sh af t m ov es in t he de cr ea se f ue l direction.

power piston is closed and the power piston will not When the output terminal shaft moves, the actuating

m ov e. The pilot v al ve p lu ng er is m o v e d by t he b al lh ea d co mp en sat io n piston m ov es up a nd c au se s a suction on

assembly. the oil under the receiving piston which moves down.

The float ing leve r is pulled down by the recei ving piston

The ball head ass embly has a bal lhead , flyweights, and the le ver mov es the pilot control valve do wn to close

speede r spring, thrust bearing, s peeder p lug and the control port. The output termi nal sha ft and pow er

speeder rod. The bal lhead as se mbl y is dr iven by a gear piston m ove ment is st opped. As t he engi ne sp eed

and shaft from the driven gear of the oil pump. The returns to normal, the flyweights move in and the

s pe ed er r od is f as te ne d to t he thrust b ea ri ng w hi ch is in sp eed er r od m ov es d ow n. W he n t he oil pr es su re in t he

contact wi th the flyweights. The speeder rod is compensat ion system and the sump oil become the

connected to the pilot valve plunger by a lever. The same through the needle valve, the receiving

speeder spr ing is held in position on the thrust compensat ion piston moves up at the same rate as the

bearing by the speeder plug. speeder rod moves down. This action keeps the pilot

val ve pl ung er in position to close the port.

As th e bal lh ea d turns, the flyweights move out

due to centr ifuga l forc e. This will make the flyweight toes An inc re as e in lo ad will c au se a de cr ea se in en gi ne

move up and cau se compr essi on of t he speeder spring. sp eed. When engi ne speed de creases , the flyweights

When t he f or ce of th e speeder spr ing and t he for ce of move in an d lower th e speeder r od and fl oat ing l ever .

t he flyweights a re eq ua l t he e ng in e s pe ed is constant. T hi s l ow er s t he pilot v al ve p lu ng er a nd lets p re ss ur e oil

The s pe ed er p lu g c an be m o v ed up or do wn m an ua ll y to go u nd er t he p ow er piston. The po we r piston m ov es up

c ha ng e t he c om pr es si on of t he s pe ed er sp ri ng w hi ch will an d t ur ns t he o ut pu t t er mi nal s ha ft in t he i nc re ase f ue l

change the speed of the engine. direction. When the output terminal shaft moves, the

actuating comp ensat ion piston move s down and cau ses

The compensation system gives stability to a pressur e on the receivi ng piston which moves up. The

engin e speed change s. The compen sati on system has a float ing leve r is pushed up by the recei ving piston and

n ee dl e v al ve an d t wo pistons-an actuating piston an d a t he l ev er m ov es t he pilot va lv e pl un ge r up to close t he

r ec ei vi ng piston. The actuating piston is a ls o c on -n ec te d control port. The o ut pu t t er mi na l s ha ft a nd p ow er piston

to the output terminal shaft by the compensation movement is stopped.

adjusting lev er and lin kag e system. A fulc rum that is

adjustable is on t he le ver . When the position of t he A change to th e speed setting of t he gover nor will gi ve

f ul cr um is changed, t he amount of m ov ement possible of the same governor mov ement s as an i ncr ease or

the actuating piston is changed. decrease in load.

The receiving piston is connected to the pilot A le ve r on th e sp ee d adj us tm en t sh af t is us ed to ch ang e

valve plunger and the speeder rod by a lever. the engine speed. The speed adjustment shaft moves

the speede r plug up and down to change the forc e of the

The needle valve makes a restriction to oil flow speeder spring.

between the oil sump and the two pistons.

This governor is also equipped with speed droop,

When the actuating piston moves down, the however, it must be adjusted ins ide the governor.

piston puts a force on the oil under the receiving piston

and moves it up. When the r eceiv ing piston moves up it

raises the pilot valve plunger to stop the flow of oil to the

bottom of the power piston.

72

Page 1 of 2WOODWARD UG8 LEVER GOIVERNORS-continued

05/11/2011http://www.tpub.com/content/automotiveenginemechanics/TM-5-2815-232-14/TM-5-2815-232-140090.htm


5/5


Click Here toOrder this info rmation on CD-ROM


Click here to make tpub.com yo ur Home PagePage Title: Governors

Back| Up| NextClick here for a printable version

Web

www.tpub.com

Search

Home


....

AdministrationAdvancementAerographerAutomotiveAviationCombatConstructionDivingDraftsmanEngineeringElectronicsFood and CookingMathMedicalMusic

NuclearFundamentalsPhotographyReligionUSMC

Products

Educational CD-ROM'sPrinted ManualsDownloadable Books

Back

Figure 5-5.Spherical chamber.

Up

Construction Mechanic Basic Volume 01 -Construction methods and practices

Next

Types of Governors

Woodward Governor PartsGovernors, Fuel Valves & More! Request a Quote TodayMCGILLindustries.com

Amer ican Governor Company Full Woodward Governor Support Parts, Service, Training, Upgradeswww.americangovernor.com

Nachi Casappa Walvoil Hystar Chanto www.sritong.co.th

1. As the air enters the combustion chamber, the

shape of the intake port (fig. 5-5) introduces a

swirling effect to it.

2. During the compression stroke, the swirling

motion of the air continues as the temperature in

the chamber increases (fig. 5-5).

3. As the fuel is injected, approximately 95 percent

of it is deposited on the head of the piston and

the remainder mixes with the air in the spherical

combustion chamber (fig. 5-5).

4. As combustion begins, the main portion of the

fuel is swept off the piston head by the high-

velocity swirl that was created by the intake and

the compression strokes. As the fuel is swept off

of the head, it burns through the power stroke,

maintaining even combustion and eliminating

detonation (fig. 5-5).

GOVERNORS

A governor is required on a diesel engine to control

the idling and maximum speeds of the engine, with

some governors being designed to control the speed

within the overall operating range of the engine. It is

possible for the operator to control the engine speed

between idle and maximum through the operation of the

throttle. Idle and maximum speeds must be controlled

to prevent the engine from stalling during low-speed

idle and to keep the speed from exceeding the maximum

desired limits desired by the manufacturer. The main

reason that a diesel requires a governor is that a diesel

engine operates with excess air under all loads and

speeds.

Even though it is not part of the fuel system, a

governor is directly related to this system since itfunctions to regulate speed by the control of fuel or of

the air-fuel mixture, depending on the type of engine. In

diesel engines governors are connected in the linkage

between the throttle and the fuel injectors. The

governor acts through the fuel injection equipment to

regulate the amount of fuel delivered to the cylinders.

As a result the governor holds engine speed reasonably

constant during fluctuations in load.

Before discussing governor types and operations,

governor terms should be addressed and understood

since they are commonly used when discussing engine

speed regulation.

Terms

To understand why different types of governors are

needed for different kinds of job, you will need to know

the meaning of several terms that are used in describing

the characteristics of action of the governor.

Maximum no-load speed or high idle is used to

describe the highest engine rpm obtainable when

the throttle linkage is moved to its maximum

position with no load applied to the engine.

Maximum full-load speed or rated speed is

used to indicate the engine rpm at which a

particular engine will produce its maximum

designed horsepower setting as stated by the

manufacturer.

Idle or low-idle speed is used to indicate the

normal speed at which the engine will rotate with

the throttle linkage in the released or closed

position,

Work capacity is used to describe the amount of

available work energy that can be produced to

the output shaft of the governor.

Stability refers to the ability of the governor to

maintain speed with either constant or varying

loads without hunting.

Speed droop is used to express the difference in

the change in the governor rotating speed which

causes the output shaft of the governor to move

from its full-open throttle position to its full-

closed position or vice versa.

Hunting is a repeated and sometimes rhythmic

variation of speed due to overcontrol by the

governor. Also called speed drift.

Sensitivity is an expression of how quickly the

governor responds to a speed change.

Response time is normally the time taken in

seconds for the fuel linkage to be moved from a

no-load to a full-load position.

Isochronous is used to indicate zero-droop

capability. In others words, the full-load and no-

load speeds are the same.

Overrun is used to express the action of the

governor when the engine exceeds its maximum

governed speed.

5-8

Page 1 of 2Governors

Date post:	13-Apr-2018
Category:	Documents
Upload:	aloordominic
View:	215 times
Download:	0 times

71697005 Governor Principle

Documents