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KINH T

analysis n [C] the work of studying data and information:s phn tch

Detailed analysis of our results shows that productivity has increased only marginally:Kt qu phntch chi tit ca chng ta cho thy nng sut tng khng ng k.

analyze v [t]phn tch analyst n [c] ngi / nh phn tch

Collocations

financial analysis: phn tch ti chnhcampaign n [C] a planned operation which aims to achieve a particular result: chin dch, cuc vn ng

A new campaign by activists has forced the company to reconsider some of its policies: Cuc vn ngca cc nh chnh tr buc cng ty phi xem li mt vi chnh sch ca mnh.

campaign (v) for/against something: tham gia chin dch campaigner n [C] ngi tham gia chin dch

Collocations

advertising campaign: chin dch qung co marketing campaign: chin dch tip th political campaign: chin dch / cuc vn ng chnh tr

growth n [U] an increase in the size or quantity of something:s tng trng, s ln mnh

Research suggests that there will be significant growth in the market for womens products: Theo nghincu, s c mt s tng trng mnh m v th trng hng ho dnh cho phi n.

grow vpht trin, tng trngCollocations

growth rate: t l tng trngindustry n [C] the production of goods using capital and labor: cng nghip

The automobile industry is facing increased competition:Ngnh cng nghip ch to t ang phi imt vi s cnh tranh ngy cng gay gt.

industrial adj thuc cng nghip industrialize v [T] cng nghip ho industrialization n [C]s / hin tng cng nghip ho

Collocations

manufacturing industry: cng nghip sn xut service industry: cng nghip dch v industrial relations: quan h trong cng nghip (gia ch v th)

market share n [U] the proportion of the total market that is supplied by a particular company:th phn

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Our objective is to increase our European market share by five per cent this year:Mc tiu ca chng tal tng th phn Chu u ln 5% trong nm nay.

market-sharing n [U]:s phn chia th trng, phn khc th trngCollocations

increase(tng) /lose (mt) /take(nm ly) /win (nm ly, ginh c) market shareopportunity n [C] a situation with future potential: c hi, thi c

Japan represents a great opportunity for our new brand:Nht bn chnh l mt c hi tuyt vi dnh chochi nhnh mi ca chng ta.

Collocations

lose(nh mt) /seize (nm ly) /take(nm ly)an opportunityresources n [C] this includes the capital, personnel and knowledge that an organization has at its disposal: ngun

lc, ngun vn

A key element of the new strategy is the more effective use of our resources:Yu t quan trng trongchin lc mi ca chng ta chnh lvic s dng hiu qu ngun lc ca chng ta.

Collocations

human resources: ngun nhn lc financial resources: ngun lc ti chnh

salesn [plural]1. the value of the goods and services sold during a period: doanh s (bn hng)

The company reported sales of $42 million during the first quarter:Theo bo co ca cng ty, doanh sbn hng t 42 triu la trong qu u tin.

2. the department responsible for the activity of selling goods and services to customers: hng ho

Ill put you through to our sales department:Ti s a bn n b phn bn hng ca chng ti. salesman/woman n [C] nhn vin bn hng nam / n salesclerkn [C]AmE nhn vin bn hng

Collocations

sales agent: i l bn hng sales department: b phn bn hng, sales manager:gim c bn hng sales call: cuc ving thm cho hng sales conference: hi ngh nhng ngi bn hng sales drive:cuc chy ua bn hng sales figures:s liu bn hng sales forecast:don bn hng sales outlet:i l bn hng

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1. n [U] money earned by an employee as a salary or wage:tin lng

Some employees are complaining that their pay has not increased in line with inflation: Mt snhn vin ku ca rng mc lng ca h khng c tng thm khi lm pht ngy mt gia tng.

2. v to give money to someone in exchange for items or services: tr tin

Were paying more than the market rate: Chng ta tr t hn gi th trng. payment n [C]s tr tin, s tin phi tr

Collocations

pay freeze(hm tng lng) , pay rise (s tng lng), payroll(tng s tin phi tr cho nhn vin),pay-slip(phiu lng), pay talks (m phn tin lng)

pension n [C] a regular payment made to a person after they have retired from active work: lng hu

Some businesses have decided to ask their staff to contribute another one per cent towards theirpensions: Mt s cng ty buc nhn vin ca h trch thm 1% chi cho lng hu.

Collocations:

pension fund:qu lng hu pension contribution:ng gp lng hu

reward v [T] to give a payment for services performed or for excellent work or behavior: thng

We like to reward our staff when they reach the objectives: Chng ti mun thng cho nhn vin cachng ti khi h t c cc mc tiu.

reward n [C, U]phn thng rewarding adj ng lm

salaryn [C, U] an amount of money paid every month to an employee in exchange for their services: tinlng

Salaries are always paid in the local currency: Tin lng lun c tr theo n v tin t ca quc gia. salaried adj n lng, c tr lng

Collocations

be on a salary of, earn a salary (kim tin lng), negotiate a salary (m phn lng), salary scale(mclng bng

stock option n [C] an option given to executive employees allowing them to buy shares in the company at afavorable price: quyn mua bn chng khon

Microsoft has announced that it plans to end stock options for employees: Microsoft va thng bo rngh d nh chm dt quyn mua bn chng khon ca nhn vin.

cost

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1. n [C] the price paid for something: chi ph

The total cost for the new equipment will be $50,000. Tng chi ph cho thit b mi ny l 50.000 .2. the money that is required to produce or sell something:gi c

It looks like production and labor costs will be higher than we expected.Dng nh l gi sn xut vgi lao ng cao hn chng ta ngh.

cost v [I] tr giCollocations

fixed costs: gi c nh variable costs: gi bin thin (hay thay i) cost-cutting: gim gi cost control: kim sot gi c occur a cost: chi ph pht sinh

development n [C]

1.the growth and expansion of a business, industry or economy:s khuych trng, s pht t

2. research to produce new, improved products:s trin khai, s pht trin

Our company is actively pursuing the development of new biotechnology solutions. Cng ty chng tiang trin khai cc gii php tin b trong cng ngh sinh hc mi.

3. a change or alteration:s thay i

Another recent development has been the arrival of Asian companies on the market. Mt s thay i gny chnh l s xut hin ca h thng cc cng ty Chu trn th trng.

developing adj ang pht trin, ang trn pht trinCollocations

research and development (R&D): nghin cu v pht trinloan n [C] money lent to an individual or organization: mn n, tin n

The World Bank has agreed to a five-year loan of $125m.Ngn hng th gii ng mt khon ntr gi 125 triu la trong nm nm.

loan v cho mn, cho vayCollocations

apply for a loan:xin vay n bank loan:n ngn hng interest on a loan:tin li take out a loan:tr ht mt khon n

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negotiationn [C] the process of negotiating a business deal: s/qu trnh m phn, thng lng

The success of the negotiations will depend on the financial terms of the deal.S thnh cng ca cucm phn ph thuc vo cc iu khon ti chnh ca hp ng.

negotiate v [I,T] m phn, thng lng negotiator n [C] nh/ngi m phn

Collocations

negotiate an agreement/a deal:m phn/thng lng mt iu khon, hp ng negotiation skills:k nng m phn

prosperityn [U] a state of being rich, having economic success: s thnh vng

The nations future prosperity will depend on developing a highly-skilled workforce. S thnh vngca quc gia trong tng lai ph thuc vo vic pht trin mt lc lng lao ng lnh ngh.

prosper v [I] thnh vng, phn thnh prosperous (adj) thnh vng, pht t

revenuen [C] money received especially from selling goods and services: doanh thu

Revenues have increased by six per cent to 183m.Doanh thu tng t 6% ln 183 triu la.wealthn [U] the amount of money or possessions owned by an individual, organization or country: ti sn, caci

Accumulating wealth is the key to financial independence. Tch lu ti sn chnh l cha kho ca sc lp v ti chnh.

wealthy (adj) giu cCollocations

acquire/accumulate wealth:tch lu ti sn wealth effect:gi tr ti sn c nhn thay i do bin ng v gi wealth tax: thu ti sn

Bankrupt (hoc qua video)

Balance sheet l mt bng bo co tng kt ti sn ca mt thng nhn hoc mt cng ty, Trong bng bo co

bao gm cc khon n, li nhun, ...thi gian phi bo co ti sn nh th no. Bn xem clip ny r hn.

Chng ta tip tc hc t vng v cc thut ng v Accounting. Cc thut ngnh lvn, thu hi vn, st gihoc nh gi sn phm... Trc gibn vn thng dng decrease hoc reduce khi ni v mt sn phm b stgi, gim gi nhng trong kinh doanh hkhng dng nh vy. Hoc nh gi, nh gi sn phm bn haydng consider hoc estimate, nu bn khng chuyn v thut ng kinh doanh bn cng c th dng c,nhng khi bn l mt businessman thc s th hai chtrn cha tht chnh xc cho vn nh gi sn phm.V vy hy xem clip ny bit cch dng chnh xc cho cc thut ng trn.

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Between 1990 and 1993, Mr. Nolan was in charge of the sales division: T nm 1990 n nm 1993,ng Nolan lm khu vc bn hng.

G.Since/ For: are generally used with a perfect tense

We've been waiting here since two o'clock: Chng ti ch y t hai gi. The factory has been here since the 1970s: Cng ty ny thnh lp y t nhng nm 1970. We had been talking fora good half hour: Chng ti ni chuyn vi nhau ng na gi ri.

2. PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE: Gii t ch ni chn

A. In

The world:th gii Continent:lc a(inAsia: Chu ) Country:quc gia ( in China: Trung Quc) State/province: tnh thnh (inCalifornia; inOntario) City:thnh ph( in Munich) Building:cao c (in the Empire State Building) Room: phng (inthe living room)

B. On

Planet:hnh tinh (the origin of life onEarth: ngun gc s sng trn tri t) Street:ng( on Wall Street) Coast:b bin ( on the East Coast) Floor: tng (lu) ( on the second floor)

C. At

Address:a ch(at 634 Sutter Street: s 634 ng Sutter) Building:cao c (at the museum) Home/school/college/work:nh/ trng/ i hc/ s lm

D. From to and between and: t... n

They're building a new road between Manchester and Sheffield:H ang lm mt con ng mi tManchester n Sheffield

They're building a new road from Manchester to Sheffield:H ang lm mt con ng mi tManchester n Sheffield.

OTHER COMMON PREPOSITION COMBINATIONSNhng gii t thng dng khc

1. In

Clothes: qun o ( ina gray suit: mc/trong b coml mu xm) Language: ngn ng( written in Vietnamese: vit bng ting Vit) Book: sch ( inthe Complete Guide to TOEIC) Newspaper: bo ( in the International Herald-Tribune)

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by car/plane/e-mail:bng xe hi, bng my bay, bng (qua) email Note: in a/my car; on a plane By chance(tnh c) / hand(bng tay)/ far / check / card / means of (bng phng tin...)

4. With

With is used to express the idea of accompaniment or ownership I went to the restaurant with Andrea: Ti i n nh hng vi Andrea. The man with the briefcase is the vice-president:Ngi n ng xch vali chnh l ph tng thng. Withis also used to indicate the tool or instrument used to complete something:phng tin He opened the door with his key:Anh ta dng cha kho m ca. He paid for the bill with a credit card:Anh ta tr tin bng th tn dng.

5. Without

Withoutmeans not having, experiencing or showing something; not in the company of someone ornot doing the actionmentioned: (m) khng c

They had gone two days without food:Anh ta i hai ngy m khng n g. He found the place without difficulty:Anh ta tm c nh / a ch d dng / khng gp kh khn g. She spoke without much enthusiasm:C y ni chuyn khng nhit tnh lm. Don't go without me:ng i khi khng c ti / i ti i vi. I don't know what I'd do without you: Khng c em, anh bit phi lm g. The rest of the group set off without him: Cc thnh vin trong nhm i du lch m khng cn anh ta. Don't go out without your coat:ng i khi khng mang theo o khoc / Nh mang theo o khoc khi

ra ngoi. He left without saying goodbye:Anh ta i m chng cho ting no. You can't make an omelet without breaking eggs: Bn khng th lm mn p-la khi khng p trng. Suddenly and without any warning, the army opened fire:Bt ng v khng h thng bo trc, qun

i bt u khai ho. He had gone out without his parents' permission:Anh ta i m khng xin php b m.

6. Within

Within can mean during a particular period of time: trong vng (thi gian) We should have the test results back within 24 hours: trong vng 24 gi He fell sick and died within a matter of weeks: trong vi ba tun Within an hour of our arrival, Caroline was starting to complain: Trong vng mt gi bn n, Caroline

bt u phn nn. Within the space of a year, three of the town's factories have closed down:Ch trong vng mt nm, ba

nh my ca th trn ng ca. Within can mean less than a certain distance from a particular place: trong vng (ni chn) The invading troops came within 50 miles of Paris: Qun xm lc tin n trong khong 50 dmca Pari. Adjust the driver's seat so that all the controls are within reach (=close enough to touch):iu chnh gh

ti x sao cho mi s kim sotu nm trong tm tay. Within can also mean inside the range or limits of something:trong vng We have to operatewithin a very tight budget:trong gii hn ngn sch eo hp Private security firms have to work strictly within the law: theo lut You can go anywhere you want within reason (=within reasonable limits):Bn c th i bt k ni u

nu c l do hp l. He finds it hard to live within his income:Vi thu nhp ca mnh, anh ta cho rng kh m sng ni.

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7. Beyond

Beyond can mean more or greaterthan a particular amount, level, or limit:vt qu More people are choosing to work beyond retirement age:Nhiu ngi vn lm vic d qu tui ngh

hu. Inflation has risenbeyond the 5% level:Lm pht vt qu mc 5%. Expensive luxuries that are beyond the reach of ordinary people:Nhng th t vt qu tm tay

ngi ngho. Beyond can be used to say that something is impossible to do: vt qu (kh nng) Scott's equipment was damaged beyond repair: khng sa c The town centre had changed beyond all recognition:khng nhn ra c Due to circumstances beyond our control the performance has had to be cancelled: qu tm kim sot

T vng v th tn thng mi v du lch

1. peak adj [only before noun] used to talk about the best, highest, or greatest level or amount ofsomething: cao im, tt nh, ti a

Gasoline prices are 14% below the peak level they hit in November. Gi xng du ch km mc bong 14% ca nm ngoi.

periods of peak demand for electricity: thi k cao im v nhu cu s dng in Extra buses run at peak times.Nhng chic xe but tngcng trong gi cao im. Hotel prices rise during the peak season. Gi khch sn tng trong ma cao im.

2. peak /pik/n [C] [usually singular] the time when something or someone is best, greatest,highest, most successful etc: s tt nh, s cao im

at something's peak at the peak of something The British Empire was at its peak in the mid 19th century. Thi hong kim ca ch Anh l vo

gia th k 19. Sales this month have reached a new peak.Doanh s ca thng ny t nh im. Most athletes reach their peak in their mid 20s. Cc vn ng vin t phong tt nht tui 20. Oil production is down from its peak of two years ago. Sn lng du rt khi nh im huy

hong hai nm trc. Hotel rooms are difficult to find at the peak of the holiday season. Tm phng khch sn trong ma

cao im du lch tht kh.

3. take the red eye: to take a journey in a plane that continues all night: chuyn bay (qua m)

I took the red eye to Los Angeles. Ti n mt chuyn bay qua mn LA.4. shut-eyen [U] sleep: ng, chp mt

We'd better get some shut-eye.Tt hn l chng ta nn chpmt mt cht.5. surcharge /'std/ n [C] money that you have to pay in addition to the basic price of something:

h thu

a surcharge on

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a 10% surcharge on airline tickets:ph thu 10% v my bay6. deduct/d'dkt/v [T] = subtract: khu tr

deduct sth from sth The payments will be deducted from your salary. Chi ph ny s b khu tr vo lng ca bn. deductible adj:c th khu tr If you're self-employed, your travel expenses are tax-deductible.Nu bn t lm vic cho mnh (t

m cng ty), bn s khng phi ng thu cho cc chi ph i li.

7. dead letter n [C] a letter that cannot be delivered or returned: th cht , th b (v khng c nginhn)

8. fragile/'frdal / a easily broken or damaged: d v

Be careful with that vase - it's very fragile:Hy cn thn vi ci bnh, n rt d v.9. money ordern [C] an official document that you buy in a post office or a bank and send to someone

so that they can exchange it for money in a bank:phiu y nhim chi, phiu chuyn tin

I went to the telegraph office of the railroad for my money order from New York. Ti n bu ingn ng st ly phiu y nhim chi t New York.

10. snail mail n [U] the system of sending letters by post, as opposed to using email - used humorouslyth tay (gi bu in)

11. zip coden [C] a number that you write at the end of an address on an envelope, package etc. The zipcode shows the exact area where someone lives and helps the post office deliver the post more quickly:m

bu in

12. deadline/'dedlan/ n [C] a date or time by which you have to do or complete something: hn cht

deadline for something/ deadline of something meet/miss a deadline set/impose a deadline tight/strict deadline (=a deadline that is difficult) The deadline for applications is May 27th.Hn cht np n l ngy 27 thng 5. working under pressure to meet a deadline. lm vic di nhiu p lc kp hn cui They've set a deadline of Nov 5.H t ra hn cui vo ngy 5 thng 11.

Pay

Pay is money that you get from your employer, either as a wage or as a salary: lng

What are the pay and conditions for the job? Lng v cc iu kin chi tr khc cho cng vic nh thno?

Pay rates in the industry are very poor. Mc lng trong ngnh cng nghip rt thp.

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Back pay is money owed to you by your employer for work done in the past which has not yet been paid: tinlng tr chm

I'm still owed 3 months back pay for the overtime I did before Christmas. The company cannot afford to give you the back pay it owes you.

A pay cut is a reduction in the amount of pay you are given:gim lng

We are asking you all to accept a pay cut of 10% to keep the company going. He has the stark choice of accepting a pay cut or losing his job.

A pay rise is an increase in pay: tng lng

We are looking for a pay rise in line with inflation. I'm going to ask my boss for a pay rise.

A pay rate is the amount per hour (or some other period) that you pay: mc lng

The pay rate is $12 an hour. Mc lng l 12 la/gi The industry cannot attract good quality workers because of the low pay rates.Ngnh cng

nghipkhng th thuht cc cng nhn giiv trlng thp.

Net pay is the amount earned after deductions = take-home pay (usually for social security and pensions andperhaps for tax.):lng rng / lng mang v nh (sau khi tr cc khon thu)

The gross pay is $12 an hour but net pay is only $9.50 an hour.Lng gp l 12 la/ginhng lngrng ch cn 9.5 la/gi.

He said he is only earning $5 an hour but that is his net pay, not his gross.Equal pay means that men and women get the same pay for doing the same job: tr lng ngang nhau, tr

lng bng nhau

The women workers are asking for equal pay with the men. In this country, if you don't give the women equal pay, you could go to jail.

An itemized pay statement contains a detailed breakdown of the pay you have earned and the deductions takenfrom it: bng lit k chi tit lng

The bank want me to give them my itemized pay statements for the last six months. The law states that employees must receive itemized pay statements.

Performance-related pay is where the amount you are paid depends on the quality / quantity of your work: trlng theo kt qu thc thi cng vic

Since we introduced performance-related pay, production has doubled. They may need the incentive of performance-related pay.

A pay scale / pay lader is a range of different pay rates which people will receive depending on various factors(e.g. their grade in the company, their qualifications, their years in the company.)thang lng

We have six grades on our pay scale. You will start on the bottom one.

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Perhaps we need to change our pay scale to take account of the loyalty people have shown us?Pay grades: ngch / hng lng

Pay roll / Pay sheet: bng lng

Banking and finance:

balance/'blns/

1.n [C] the amount that is left after taking numbers or money away from a total:s d

My bank balance isn't very healthy. S d trong ti khon ngn hngca ti khng cn nhiu.2.n [C] the balance of a debt is the amount of money that you still owe after you have paid some of it.s tincn thiu (ca bng cn i k ton)

The balance is due at the end of the month. S tin cn thiu c gia hn n cui thng.bureau de change/bjro d n/ n [pl] a shop where you can change foreign money:phng thu i ngoit

Collocations

pay off / meet / repay mortgage: chi troverdraft/'vdrft/ n [C] the amount of money you owe to a bank when you have spent more money thanyou had in your account:s tin chi tri (chi qu tin gi ngn hng)

a 250 overdraft:khon chi tri 250 bng.payee/pe'i:/ n [C] the person or organization to whom money, especially a check, must be paid: ngi nhntin, ngi th hng

remittance/r'mtns/ n

1. [C] formal an amount of money that you send to pay for something: tin chuyn khon

2. [U] when you send money: tin chuyn i

We will forward the goods on remittance of 10.Chng ti s gi hng theo s tin chuyn khon 10bng Anh.

a salary of $40,000 per annum:mc lng 40.000 mi nmretain/r'ten/ v [t] to keep something or continue to have something:gi li, khng mt

You have the right to retain possession of the goods.Bn vn khng mt quyn s hu ti sn. The state wants to retain control of food imports.Nh nc mun nm quyn qun l nhp khu thc

phm.

collective/k'lektv/ a [only before noun] shared or made by every member of a group or society: tp th, chung

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a collective decision made by all board members: mt quyt nh chung ca ban gim c our collective responsibility for the environment:trch nhim bo v mi trngchung ca tt c chng

ta.

affective/'fektv/ a (medical) relating to or having an effect on the emotions:xc ng, d xc ng

effective/'fektv/ a

1. successful, and working in the way that was intended: c tc dng, c kt qu

the most effective ways of reducing inner city congestion:phng php hiu qu nht cavic gim tcnghn xe trong ni thnh

2. [no comparative, not before noun] if a law, agreement, or system becomes effective, it officially starts: chiu lc

effective from: c hiu lc t The cut in interest rates is effective from Monday.Vic ctgimli sut c hiu lc t th hai.

direct debitn [U,C] an instruction you give your bank to pay money directly out of your account regularly to aparticular person or organization:giy u nhim chi

interest rate n [C] the percentage amount charged by a bank etc when you borrow money or paid to you by abank when you keep money in an account there: li sut

mortgage/'mgd/n [C] a legal arrangement by which you borrow money from a bank or similar organizationin order to buy a house, and pay back the money over a period of years: vn t cm c, tin th chp

We decided to use Fred's redundancy money to pay off the mortgage.Chng ti quyt nh dng tin dca Fred tr ht tin th chp.

mortgagev [t] if you mortgage your home, land, or property, you borrow money, usually from a bank,and if you cannot pay back the money within a particular period of time, the bank has the right to sellyour property in order to get the money you owe it:th chp

We mortgaged our house to start Paul's business: Chng ti th chp ngi nh bt u c ngi kinhdoanh ca nh Paul.

T vng lien quan n lnh vc vn chuyn du lch:

car pool (n) [C] a group of people who agree to travel together to work, school etc in one car and share the cost:xe a n (nhn vin, hc sinh)

commute (v) /kmjut/[I] to regularly travel a long distance to get to work: i lm u n (theo lch trnh)

commute to / from / between Jim commutes to Manhattan every day.Ngy no Jim cng n Manhattan lm vic. I don't mind commuting on the train as long as I have a good book to read. Ti khng ngi i lm bng

xe la hng ngy khi ti c mt cun sch hay c. commuter (n) [C] someone who travels a long distance to work every day: ngi i lm bng v thng,

ngi i lm u n (theo lch trnh) Each region has one organization controlling buses and operating its commuter trains. Mi vng c mt

t chc kimsot cc chuyn xe but v vn hnh cc chuyn xe la dnh cho ngi i bng v thng.

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concierge/'knsie/ n [C] someone in a hotel whose job is to help guests by telling them about places to visitrestaurants to eat in etc: ngi khun vc

credit voucher n [C] = a credit note: a document given to a customer who is owed money, for examplebecause they have returned goods: bin lai tn dng (dnh cho khch hng mua chu)

economy classn/adv [U] the cheapest type of seats in a plane:gi thp, gi r, gh hng cht

Flying economy class can kill you, and business class isn't much better.i my baygi v r s git chtbn mt, dng loi v dnh cho doanh nhn cng l kin ti.

first classn/adv/a [U] the best and most expensive seats on a plane or train, or rooms in a hotel:gh hng nht

We prefer to travel in first class. Chng ti thch c i bng gh hng nht hn. If I send the letter first class, it should arrive tomorrow.Nu ti gi th bng v hng nht, ngy mai n

s n.

expense accountn [C] money that is available to someone who works for a company so that they can pay formeals, hotels etc when traveling or entertaining people for work: bng k chi ph, bn k ph tn

I have an expense account and spend about 10,000 a year on entertaining. Ti c mt bng k ph tnv chi tiu 10.000 bng gii tr.

fare/fe/ n [C] the price you pay to travel somewhere by bus, train, plane etc:ph

bus / train / air / cab fare half-fare / full-fare Air fares have shot up by 20%. Phmy bay tng 20%. Children under 14 travel half-fare. Tr em di 14 tui c tnh 1 na ph.

layover/'lev /n [C] a short stay between parts of a journey, especially a long plane journey = stopover: sdng li, s ngh li (trong mt chuyn i)

Kt hp gii t

1. Appointment withc hn vi

She has an appointment with a client at 10.30. C y

c mt cuc hn vi khch hng vo lc 10h30.

2. Approach totip cn vi, gn nh Our organization takes a positive approach to creative

thinking. T chc ca chng ta tin hnh mt

phng php tip cn tch cc vi li t duy sng

to.

3. Cause ofnguyn nhn gy ra Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for

American women in their forties.Ung th v l

nguyn nhn hng u gy t vong cho ph n M

tui 40.

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4. Combination ofs kt hp, s t hp A combination of factors may be responsible for the

increase in cancer. S kt hp ca nhiu nhn t

chnh l nguyn nhn lm cho t l ung th gia

tng.

5. Contribution tong gp cho, gp

hn vo

The school sees its job as preparing students to make a

contribution to society. Trng hc nhn nhn vai

tr ca mnh l o to i ng hc sinh gpphn xy dng x hi.

6. Cure forphng thuc cho, cch cha

tr cho

There is still no cure for AIDS. Vn cha c phng

thuc no tr c bnh AIDS.

7. Decrease ins gim st v Teachers reported decreases in drug use and verbal

abuse of teachers.

8. Demand fornhu cu v There isn't much demand for leaded gasoline anymore.

Ngy nay, nhu cu s dng du ho pha ch

khng cn nhiu na.

9. Development in ( a field)s pht trinv

The general outcomes of research and development ineducation apply in this context, therefore. Tng chi phcho cc nghin cu v pht trin gio dc c ara trong bi cnh ny.

10. Effect of sth / so nh hng, tc ngca ai / ci g ln ai / ci g

- Effect on so / sthc tc dng, c hiulc

My parents' divorce had a big effect on me. Vic bm ti li d nh hng n ti.

This ingredient also has the effect of making your skinlook younger. Thnh phn ny s c tc dng lm choda bn ti tr tr li.

11. Example ofl v d ca, l tm gng

cho

Can anyone give me an example of a transitive verb?

i c th cho c / thy mt v d v ngoi ng t?

1. Exception to:ngoi l, ngoi tr

With the exception of so/sth Without exception:khng c ngoi

l

The spelling of this word is an interestingexception to the rule. Cch vit ca t ny l mtngoi l th v khng theo quy lut.

We all laughed, with the exception of Maggie. Ttc chng ta u ci, ch tr Maggie.

Each plant, without exception, contains some kind

of salt. Mi loi cy, khng c ngoi l no c, ucha ng mt vi loi mui (khong).

2. Experience in (a field):c kinh nghim

v (1 lnh vc no )

I had some experience in fashion design. Ti cmt vi kinh nghim v lnh vc thit k thitrang.

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7. Search for: tra cu, tm kim

In search of sth: tm kim

Bad weather is hampering the search for survivors.Thi tit xu cn tr vic tm kim nn nhn.

We're constantly in search of new talent. Chng tilun lun tm kim nhng ti nng mi.

8. Solution to:gii php cho (vn )There are no simple solutions to the problem of

overpopulation.Khng c gii php n gin no chovn ng dn.

9. Source of: l ngun gc ca Beans are a very good source of protein. Cc loi uchnh l ngun protein di do.

10. Supply of: ngun cung cp ca There was a plentiful supply of cheap labor. C mtngun cung cp lao ng r mt.

11. Variety of:s a dng vCafe Artista offers a wide variety of sandwiches.Qun caf Artista phc v rt nhiu loi sandwiches.

Office

administration /dmn'stren/ n the activities that are involved in managing the work of a company ororganization: s qun l, s iu hnh, s qun tr

We're looking for someone with experience in administration. Chng ti ang tm nhng ngi c kinhnghim qun l.

The health service spends too much on administration.Dch v y t chi qu nhiu cho vic qun l. the administration (=the people who do this work) ngi qun l the college administration:hiu trng trng i hc

agenda /'dend/ n [C] a list of the subjects to be discussed at a meeting: ngh trnh, chng trnh lm vic

the next item (=subject)on the agenda:mc tip theo trong chng trnh lm vic Have you got a copy of the agenda for tomorrow's meeting?Bn photo chng trnh lm vic / ngh

trnh cho cuc hp ngy mai cha?

executive /zekjtv/ n [C] a manager in an organization or company who helps make important decisions:

cn b cp cao, gim c iu hnh a marketing executive:gim c marketing top executives on high salaries: nhng cn b cp cao / hi ng qun tr c nhn lng cao

flex-time /'flekstam/ American English [uncountable] a system in which people work a particular number ofhours each week or month, but can change the times at which they start and finish each day: thi gian mm(khng c nh), thi gian lm vic linh hot

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The group members used flex-time without clocks and effectively policed their own team discipline.Nhng thnh vin ca tp on ny khng p dng thi gian lm vic c nh v kim sot hiu qu klut ca mnh.

intern /'ntn/ n someone who has nearly finished training as a doctor and is working in a hospital: thc tpvin

She refused to be treated by an intern and demanded to see a qualified doctor. C ta t chi bc s thctp v yu cu mt bc s chnh thc khm cho mnh.

promotion /pr'mn/ n1. [U, C] a move to a more important job or position in a company or organization: s thng chc

I want a job with good prospects for promotion. Ti mun mt cng vic c kh nng thng tin trongtng lai.

Your promotion to Senior Editor is now official.Bn chnh thc c thng chc thnh bin tp vincao cp.

2. [U, C] an activity intended to help sell a product, or the product that is being promoted: khuyn mi

a winter sales promotion: t khuyn mi gim gi cho ma ngrsum/rezme/n [C] a short written account of your education and your previous jobs that you send to anemployer when you are looking for a new job: s yu l lch

stationery/steneri/ n [U] materials that you use for writing, such as paper, pens, pencils etc: dng vnphng

maternity /m'tnti/ [only before noun] relating to a woman who is pregnant or who has just had a baby:quyn lm m, bn cht ngi m, nhim v lm m

a blue maternity dress: o m bu mu xanh maternity benefits/pay etc:ph cp sinh sn maternity leave n [U] time that a mother is allowed to spend away from work when she has a baby: php

ngh sanh, thi gian ngh sinh ( sinh con) on maternity leave Karen will be on maternity leave next month.Karen s ngh sinh con vo thng ti. The 42-clause Bill gives pregnant workers the right to a minimum of 14 weeks' maternity leave. Cng ty

42-clause Bill cho php cng nhn ngh sinh con ti thiu l 14 tun.

sick leave n [U] time that you are allowed to spend away from work because you are sick: ngh bnh

on sick leave He has been on sick leave for more than three months.Anh ta ngh bnh hn 3 thng.

attach/'tt/v [T] to fasten or connect one object to another:gn, dn, tri buc

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attach something to something:gn ci g vo ci g the attached form/check/leaflet etc. Attach a recent photograph to your application form: dn mt tm hnh mi vo n xin vic ca bn Please fill in and return the attached reply slip: hy in vo ri tr li phiu tr li

select/s'lekt/v [T] = choose, pick: chn la

select somebody for somethingHe had hopes of being selected for the national team.Anh ta hy vng s c chn vo i tuyn qucgia.

select somebody/something as somethingYork was selected as the site for the research centre.York c chn l trang web cho trung tm nghincu.

select somebody/something from somethingThey selected the winner from six finalists.H chn ngi thng cuc trong 6 ngi vo chung kt.

select somebody to do somethingSimon's been selected to go to the conference. Simon c chn tham d hi ngh.

elect/'lekt/ v [transitive usually passive] to choose someone for an official position by voting: bu c

elect somebody to something elect somebody (as) president/leader/mayor etc. the country's first democratically elected government: chnh ph c bu c u tin theo ch dn

ch ca quc gia Ken Livingstone was elected (as) manager in May 2000.Ken Livingstone c bu chn lm gim c

vo thng 5 nm 2000.

freight/fret/n [U] goods that are carried by ship, train, or aircraft, and the system of moving these goods:hng c chuyn ch, vic chuyn ch

freight services:dch v chuyn ch We'll send your personal belongings by air freight and your furniture by sea freight. Chng ti s gi

dng c nhn ca bn qua ng hng khng v ni tht qua ng bin.

schedule/'skedl/ n [C]

1. a plan of what someone is going to do and when they are going to do it: thi gian biu, lch trnh

on schedule (=at the planned time) ng theo thi gian biu ahead of(trc) / behind (sau) schedule (=before or after the planned time)

The majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule. a s cc chuyn bay ct cnh v h cnhtheo ng lch trnh. Meg's new book is still well ahead of schedule. Cun sch mi ca Meg vn cn trc thi hn nhiu

ngy. I'm going to be working to a very tight schedule. Ti chun b lm vic theo mt lch trnh cht ch.

2. a list that shows the times that buses, trains etc leave or arrive at a particular place: lch trnh

schedule v [transitive usually passive] to plan that something will happen at a particular time: ln thikha biu, ln lch trnh

be scheduled for June/Monday etc.

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be scheduled for release/publication/completion etc. be scheduled to do something The product is originally scheduled for mid-June. Sn phm c ra mt chnh thc vo gia thng 6. Her first album is scheduled for release in September.C y d nh ra album vo thng 9. Meetings are scheduled to take place all over the country.Ngi tad nh t chc mit-ting khp thnh

ph.

v [I] to arrive somewhere in a plane, boat etc: h cnh, cp cng

land on/in/at etc. We expect to be landing in Oslo in about fifty minutes. Chng ti mong rng sh cnh xung Oslo

trong vng 15 pht na. In 1969, the first men landed on the moon. Vo nm 1969, con ngi u tin t chn ln mt

trng.

in advance (of something)before something happens or is expected to happen: trc

cash in advance: tin mt tr trc The airline suggests booking tickets 21 days in advance. Hng hng khng ngh t v trc 21 ngy Could you distribute copies well in advance of the meeting?Bn phn pht trc cc bn copy trc

cho cuc hp cha?

Marketing

advertising/'dvtaz/ n [U] the activity or business of advertising things on television, in newspapers etc:qung co, hnh thc qung co

television/radio/newspaper advertising: qung co trn bo, ti vi, radio advertising campaign/strategy: chin dch, chin thut qung co advertisement /d'v:tsmnt/ n [C]:mu qung co

advertisement forAd short of advertisement

advertisements for cars: nhng mu qung co v xe hi They put an advertisement in The Morning News, offering a high salary for the right person.H ng

mt bi qung co trn tp ch The Morning News tuyn dng nhn ti vi mc lng ngtngng.

The organizers of the concert had taken out a full page advertisement in The New York Times.Ban tchc ho nhc ng mt bi qung co honh trng trn tp ch The New York Times.

brand /brnd/ n [C] a type of product made by a particular company, that has a particular name or design:

nhn hiu

brand of What brand of cellphone do you use?Bn sdngin thoica hng no vy?

distribute/'dstrbju:t/ v [T]

1. to share things among a group of people, especially in a planned way:phn pht

distribute something among/to somebody:phn pht ci g cho ai

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a man distributing leaflets to passers-by: ngi phn pht t ri cho ngi i b2. to supply goods to shops and companies so that they can sell them:phn phi

Milk is distributed to the local shops by Herald's Dairies:Heralds Dairies phn phi sa n cc cahng ni a.

innovation/n'ven/ n [C, U ] a new idea, method, or invention:s i mi, sng kin

innovation in We must encourage innovation if the company is to remain competitive. Khi cng ty cn cnh tranh vi

i th, chng ta cn khuyn khch nhiusng kin mihn. Many people feel bewildered by the speed of technological innovation.Nhiu ngi cm thy lng tng

trc tc i mi cng ngh.

objective/b'dektv/ n [C] = goal: mc tiu, mc ch

Managers should set specific performance objectives for their teams.Ngi qun l cn thit lp nhngmc tiu c thcho c i.

The main objective was to improve children's knowledge of geography. Mc ch chnh nhm ci thinkin thc a l ca tr em.

profit /'prft/n [U, C] money that you gain by selling things or doing business, after your costs have beenpaid: li nhun

Our daily profit is usually around $500.Li nhun hng ngy ca chng ta khong 500 . The property company made a huge profit on the deal. Cng ty bt ng sn kim c mt mn li

nhun kch s thng qua hp ng ny. Profits are up by a third.Li nhun tng gp ba. advertising budget:ngn sch qung co

promote/pr'mt/ v [T]

1. encourage: khuyn khch, xc tin

a meeting to promote trade between Taiwan and the U.K. Cuc hp xc tin thng mi gia i Loanv U.K.

2. better job: thng chc

Helen was promoted to senior manager.Helen c thng chc qun l cp cao.3. To help sell a new product, film etc by offering it at a reduced price or by advertising it: qung b, ymnh kinh doanh

She's in London to promote her new book. C y n Lun n qung b cho cun sch mi camnh.

purchase/prts/ v., = buy something: thu mua, mua c

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You can purchase insurance online.Bn c th t mua bo him trc tip qua mng internet. Tickets may be purchased in advance from the box office.Bn c th t mua v trc vn phng.

purchase/prts/ n., [uncountable and countable] formal something you buy, or the act of buying it:smua, s thu mua

day/date/time of purchase: ngy/thi hn mua hng I enclose my receipt as proof of purchase. Ti c nh km ha n nh l bng chng mua hng ca

ti. seasonal purchase:s thu mua c tnh thi v stock purchase right: quyn mua c phiu short-term purchase of securities: mua tri phiu ngn hn specialist block purchase and sale: vic mua bn lng ln ca nh chuyn mn

revenue/'revnu/ n., money that a business or organization receives over a period of time, especially fromselling goods or services: thu nhp, khon thu nhp

an increase in tax revenues of 8.4%: thu nhp thu tng 8.4% estimate revenue: thu nhp doanh nghip d tnh budget for annual revenue: d ton thu nhp hng nm administrative revenue: thu nhp hnh chnh allocation of cost to revenue:s phn chia thu nhp tr ph tn revenue tariff: thu thu nhp tax revenue:khon thu v thu, thu nhp thu, tin thu thu

revise/r'vaz/ v., to change something because of new information or ideas: sa i

The college has revised its plans because of local objections. Trng i hc thay i k hoch do sbt bnh ca ngi dn a phng.

We have revised our estimates of population growth. Chng ti sa li s c tnh ca chng ti vvic tng dn s.

deadline/'dedlan/ n., [countable] a date or time by which you have to do or complete something: hn cuicng, hn cht

Collocations

deadline for something/ deadline of something: hn cht/thi hn cui cng phi xong ci g meet/miss a deadline: kp/khng kp thi hn nh tight/strict deadline (=a deadline that is difficult): hn cui, hn cht working under pressure to meet a deadline:lm vic ht sc kp tin /deadline

convince/knvns/ v., to bring to believe by argument; to persuade: thuyt phc, lm cho tin

The salesman convinced his customers to buy his entire inventory of pens.Nhn vin bn hng thuytphc khch hng mua ton b s bt bi tn kho ca h.

market/mrkt/ v., the course of buying and selling a product: tiu th, bn ra th trngn. the demand for a product: th trng, ni tiuth

London discount market: th trng chit khu Lun n

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London money market: th trng tin t Lun n Asian dollar market: th trng -la Chu British market research bureau: Cc nghin cu Th trng Anh

productive/prdktv/ adj., constructive; high yield: c hiu qu, c nng sut, li nhun cao

The unproductive sales meeting brought many staff complaints. Cuc hp v sn phm khng mang lili nhun lm nhiu nhn vin than phin.

productive time:thi gian hu ch (ca mt my tnh)consume/knsum/ v., to absorb; to use up: tiu th, thu ht

The business plans consumed all of Fritz's attention this fall.K hoch kinh doanh ca doanh nghipthu ht s ch ca Fritz vo ma thu ny.

propensity to consume: khuynh hng tiu dngcompetition/kmptn/ n., a contest or struggle:s cnh tranh, cuc sc, cuc thi

The company has decided not to join the growing competition for dominance in the currency market.Cng ty quyt nh khng thamgia vo cuc cnh tranh pht trin thng tr th trng tin t.

blind competition:s cnh tranh m qung monopolistic competition:s cnh tranh c tnh c quyn brand competition: cnh tranh thng hiu capacity of competition: nng lc cnh tranh

Warranty

1. characteristic/krktrstk/ adj. revealing of individual traits: c im, c tnh- characteristic theory:thuyt c tnh (hng ha)Ex: The cooking pot has features characteristic of the brand, such as "heat-resistant" handles.B ni c c tnh

chuyn bit vi nhn hiu tay cm chu nhit cao.

2. consequence /knskwens/n. that which follows necessarily: hu qu, kt qu- in consequence of:do kt qu caEx: The consequence of not following the service instructions for your car is that warranty is invalidated.Ktqu ca vic khng lm theo dch v hng dn cho xe hi ca bn l phiu bo hnh mt hiu lc.

3. consider/knsdr/ v. to think about carefully: cn nhc, xem xt, suy nghconsideration n.s xem xt, s cn nhc- in consideration of:xt n, tnh n; v lconsiderable adj. ng k, to tt

- considerable expense:khon chi tiu lnEx: After considering all the options, Della decided to buy a used car. Sau khi cn nhc tt c cc la chn,Della quyt nh mua mt chic xe hi c.

4. cover/kvr/ v. to provide protection against:che, bao ph, bao trm, bao bcEx: Will my medical insurance cover this surgery?Bo him y t ca ti c bao gm ca m ny khng?

Her car insurance provided for complete coverage against collision.Bo him xe hi ca c ta lo liu ccdch v ngoi tr tai nn.

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5. expiration/ekspren/ n., the end: ht hn, kt thc, ht hiu lc- expiration date: ngy ht hiu lc- expiration of agency:s mn hn quyn i l- expiration of contract:ht hn hp ng- extend the expiration date of payment:gia hn thanh ton

6. frequently /frikwntli/adv. occurring commonly, widespread: thng xuyn, u nEx: Warranties for this kind of appliance are frequently limited for this coverage. Vic bo hnh loi thit b

ny thng hn ch phm vi bo him.

7. imply/mpla/ v. to indicate by inference: ni, ng Ex: The guarantee on the Walkman implied that all damages were covered under warranty for one year.Bohnh ca Walkman ni rng tt c nhng h hng c bo hnh trong thi hn mt nm.

8. promise /prms/v., to pledge to do, bring about, or provide: ha hn, cam ktEx: A warranty is a promise the manufacturer make to the consumer.Bo hnh l mt li cam kt m nh snxut lm cho ngi tiu dng.

9. protect/prtekt/ v. to guard: bo v, che ch

- protection n. protective adj.Ex: Consumer laws are designed to protect the public against unscrupulous vendors. Lut ngi tiu dng ca ra bo v nhn dn chng li nhng ngi bn hng khng trung thc

10. reputation /repjuten/n. the overall quality of character: ting tm, danh ting, uy tnreputable adj. Reputed adj.Ex: The company knew that the reputation of its products was the most important asset it had. Cng ty cho bitrng uy tn v sn phm ca h l ti sn quan trng nht m cng ty c c.- build up a reputation (to ...): to dng mt uy tn (trong thng trng)- business reputation:uy tn lm n, uy tn kinh doanh- establish the good reputation:xy dng uy tn

11. require/rkwar/ v. to deem necessary or essential: cn n, i hi- requirement n. requisite adj.Ex: The law requires that each item clearly display the warranty information. Lut yu cu mi sn phm trngby phi c thng tin bo hnh r rng.

12. variety /vrati/n., many different kinds: loi, s a dngEx: A variety of unexpected problems appeared after a product had been on the market for about six months.th vn khng c mong ixut hin sau khi sn phm a ra th trng khong su thng.

Bussiness Planning

T vng v TOEIC ni chung v business ni ring bao gm rt nhiu lnh vc nh: sales (bnhng), currency(tin t), banking (ngn hng), finance (ti chnh), advertising(qung co)- Business planningk hoch kinh doanhl vic thu thp tt c cc thng tin nh l t vic chunb kinh doanh v nhng kinh nghim c lin quan n vic kinh doanh ca bn. Nhng t vngbn di cp n nhng vn c lin quan n Business planning.

address n. a formal speech: bi ni chuyn, din vnv. to direct to the attention of: nhm n

- The article praised her address to the steering committee.Bi bo ca ngi bi ni chuyn ca c

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y vi ban lnh o.- Marco's business plan addresses the needs of small business owners.K hoch kinh doanh ca

Marco nhm n nhng nhu cu ca cc ch doanh nghip nh.

avoid v. to stay clear of, to keep from happening: trnh, hy b- To avoid going out of business, owners should prepare a proper business plan. trnh ph

sn, ch s hu nn chun b mt k hoch kinh doanh ng n, ph hp.Lloyd's errors in accounting could have been avoided by a business consultation with his banker.

Ban c vn doanh nghip kt hp vi gim c ngn hng c th hy b nhng sai st v tikhon ca Lloyd.

demonstrate v. to show clearly and deliberately, to present by example: by t, chng minh, giithch

- Alban's business plan demonstrated that he had put a lot of thought into making his dream areality.K hoch kinh doanh ca Alban chng minh rng ng ta t nhiu hy vng bin c mca ng ta thnh s tht.

develop v. to expand, progress, or improve:pht trin, m rng, trin khai- The restaurant Wanda opened ten years ago has developed into a national chain.Nh hng

Wanda m c 10 nm v m rng thnh chui nh hng.

evaluate v. to determine the value or impact of: c lng, nh gi- It's important to evaluate your competition when making a business plan. Tht quan trng

c lng c i tng cnh tranh khi bn a ra k hoch kinh doanh. - The lenders evaluated our creditability and decided to loan us money.Ngi cho vay nh gi

uy tn v quyt nh cho chng ta mn tin.

gather v. to accumulate, to conclude: tch ly, thu thp, kt lun- We gathered information for our plan from many sources. Chng ta nn thu thp thng tin t

nhiu ngun khc nhau cho k hoach ca chngta.

offer v. to propose, to present in order to meet a need or satisfy a requirement: xut, a ra- Jackie must offer her banker new statistics in order to encourage the bank to lend her money

toward her start-up business.Jackie cung cp cho ngn hng s liu thng k mi ng vin hcho c mn tin bt u kinh doanh.

primary adj. most important, first in a list, series, or sequence: iu chnh yu, iu ch yu, iuu tin

- The developers are thinking primarily of how to enter the South American market. Cc nh phttrin kinh t ang ngh n cch nhy vo th trng ca Nam M.

risk n. the chance of loss or damage: chu ri ro, chu nguy him- The primary risk for most start-up businesses is insufficient capital.Ri ro ch yu ivi cc

doanh nghip mi thnh lp l vic thiu vn.- Expanding into a new market is a big risk. M rng sang th trng mi l mt ri ro ln.

risk and uncertainty: ri ro v bt trc risk capital: vn (u c) mo him

strategy n. a plan of action: chin lc- A business plan is a strategy for running a business and avoiding problems.K hoch kinh

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doanh l mt k hoch iu hnh doanh nghip v trnh kh khn.

strong adj. powerful, economically or financially sound: vng mnh, c quyn lc ln- The professor made a strong argument for the value of a good business plan. V gio s a ra

mt l l anh thp v gi tr ca mt k hoch kinh doanh hay.- Even in a strong economic climate many business fail, so do your planning carefully.Ngay c

khi tnh hnh kinh t ng vng vn c nhiu doanh nghip tht bi, v vy hy cn trng vi khoch kinh doanh ca bn.

strong market: th trng vng gi, th trng gi tng mnh strong stockholder: i c ng, ngi c nhiu c phn

substitution n., replacement:s thay thThere is no substitution for hard work and perseverance.Khng c s thay th lm vic chm chvi tnh kin nhn.

Contracts (Hp ng)

T vng v TOEIC ni chung v business ni ring bao gm rt nhiu lnh vc nh: sales (bn hng),currency(tin t), banking (ngn hng), finance (ti chnh), advertising(qung co)- Contract (hp ng) l s tha thun ca hai hay nhiu ngi v vic xc lp, thay i hay chm dt quynli. C nhiu dng hp ng khc nhau, di y TOEICpedia gii thiu mt s t vng thng dng trongvic son tho hp ng kinh t.

1. abide by v., to comply with, to conform:tun theo, chiu theoEx: The two parties agreed to abide by the judge's decision.Hai bn ng tun th theo quyt nh ca thmphn.

For years he has abided by a commitment to annual employee raises.Nhiu nm qua ng ta tun thcam kt tng lng hng nm cho nhn vin.Tips: Trong cm t ny bn ch rng abide bys c s dng nhiu trong vn phong thng mi, c bitabide bys c th qu kh tr trng hp c cm t ch thi gian trong tng lai.

2. agreement n., a mutual arrangement, a contract: hp ng, giao cEx: According to the agreement, the caterer will also supply the flowers for the event. Theo hp ng, nhphn phi s cung cp hoa cho s kin.Tips: Contract v Agreementu c ngha l hp ng nhng ty ngheo ng cnh v ng ngha s dngchng khc nhau. V d: khi hai cng ty mun k mt hp ng, dng contract; tuy nhin, nu nh c s phthuc hoc phn cp gia hai bn th s dng agreement.Lu cho cc t agreement, arrangement, contract, deal v deed

Tt c nhng t trn u m t tha thun gia c nhn vi cng ty, hoc gia cc cngty vi nhau.- Agreement v arrangementthng c s dng ch nhng quan h kinh doanh tn ti c mt thi gian tng i di.- Dealm t mt tha thun mua hay bn ci g.- Agreement, arrangement v dealcng c s dng ch mt tha thun cn qutrnh m phn ko di.- Contract (Hp ng) thng m ch tha thun c ghi bng vn bn php l.- Deed (Chng th) l mt loi hp ng c s dng trong mt s trng hp hn ch,nh chng th quyn s hu t, chng th v vai tr i tc.

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(Theo saga.vn)

3. assurance n., guarantee, confidence:s m bo, s tin cyEx: The sales associate gave his assurance that that the missing keyboard would be replaced the next day.Nhn vin bn hng a ra bo m rng bn phm tht lc s c thay th vo ngy hm sau.

Her self-assurance made it easy to see why she was in charge of the negotiations. S t tin ca c y khintht d hiu ti sao c ta chu trch nhim trong cc cuc m phn.

4. cancellation n., annulment; stopping:s hy b, s bi bEx: The cancellation of her flight caused her problems for the rest of the week. Vic hy b chuyn bay ca cy lm cho cc vn ca c ta phi di vo nhng ngy cn li trong tun.

The cancellation clause appears at the back of the contract.iu khon hy hp ng nm pha sau hpng.

5. determine v., to find out, to influence: quyt nh, xc nhEx: After reading the contract, I was still unable to determine if our company was liable for back wages. Saukhi xem hp ng, ti vn cha thquyt nh liu cng ty ca chng ti c kh nng chu trch nhim vlng ph cp hay khng.

6. engagement n., participation; a commitment; especially for marriage; an event:s cam kt, s ha hn, sha hn (kt hn)Ex: The entire office was invited to her engagement party. Ton b nhn vin vn phng c mi n d ticci ca c ta.

He had an important engagement with his financial adviser. C y c mt cuc hn quan trng vi v cvn ti chnh ca c ta.

7. establish v., to institute permanently, to bring about: thit lp, xy dngEx: Through her many books and interviews, Dr. Wan established herself as an authority on conflictresolution. Qua nhiu cuc phng vn v sch ca tin s Wan, b ta t tin c nh l mt nh chc trch giiquyt xung t.

The merger of the two companies established a powerful new corporation. Vic sp nhp hai cng ty to rami quan h vng mnh.

8. obligate v., to bind legally or morally: bt buc, rng bucEx: The contractor was obligated by the contract to work 40 hours a week.Hp ng rng buc nh thu lmvic 40 gi mt tun.

I felt obligated to finish the project even though I could have exercised my option to quit. Mc d ti cquyn la chn t b d n nhng ti cm thy mnh b rngbuc phi hon thnh.

9. party n., a person or group participating in an action or plan, the persons or sides concerned in a legal

matter: ngi tham gia, bn k kt hp ngEx: The parties agreed to a settlement in their contract dispute.Hai bn ng gii quyt tranh chp theo hpng ca h.

The party that prepares the contract has a distinct advantage. Bn son hp ng c u th ring bit.

10. provision n., a measure taken beforehand, a stipulation: iu quy nh, iu khon (trong hp ng)- on the stipulation that...: vi iu kin l...

Ex: The contract contains a provision to deal with how payments are made if John loses his job.Hp ng baogm iu khon tha thun chi tr nh th no nu John mt vic.

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11. resolve v., to deal with successfully, to declare:gii quyt, tuyn bEx: The businessman resolved to clean out all the files by the end of the week.Doanh nghip tuyn b xa btt c cc h s vo cui tun.

12. specific adj., particular:c th, r rngEx: The customer's specific complaint was not addressed in his mail. Than phin c th ca khch hng khngc cp n trong th ca ng ta.

In a contract, one specific word can change the meaning dramatically. Mt t c bit c th thay i

ngha iu khon trong hp ng ng k.

Computers

Mt cch trau di t vng l t hi xem bn vit c bao nhiu t v mt ch nht nh. Sau khi lp danh sch, kim tra chnh t v pht m, bn c th thm cc t mi bn gp. Trc khi hc tvng trong ch ny, hyxem bn vit c bao nhiu t v my tnh.

1. access v, to obtain, to gain entry: cho vo, thm nhp, tip cnEx: We accessed the information on the company's web site. Chng ta tip cn thng tin trn trang web cacng ty.access code: m truy cpaccess time: thi gian truy cp

2. allocate v, to designate for a specific purpose:phn b, n nhEx: The office manager did not allocate enough money to purchase software. Trng phng khng cung cp tin mua phn mm.

The software architect did not allocate enough memory for the sound card to work in your computer.Kintrc s phn mm khng phn b b nh card m thanh cho my tnh ca bn.

3. compatible ~ with a, able to function together: hp, thch hp (vi)Ex: This operating system is not compatible with this model computer.H iu hnh ny khng ph hp vi

mu my tnh ny.Users of software applications want new versions to be compatible with current versions.Nhng ngi s

dng phn mm ng dng ny mun c giao din mi ph hp vi giao din hin ti.

4. delete v, to remove; to erase:b i, xa i, gch iEx: The technicians deleted all the data on the disk accidentally. Cc nhn vin k thut xa ht tt c dliu trong a.delete key:phm xa

5. display n, what is visible on a monitor: s ph by, s trng byEx: The light on the LCD display is too weak. Ci n trn mn hnh LCD qu m/yu.

LCD = Liquid Crystal Display: mn tinh th lng

6. duplicate v, to produce something equal; to make identical: sao li, lm thnh hai bn, bn saoEx: I think the new word processing program will duplicate the success of the one introduced last year. Tingh rng chng trnh x l vn bn mi s nhn i thnh cng chng trnh c c gii thiu vo nmngoi.

Before you leave, please duplicate that file by making a copy on the CD-ROM. Trc khi ngh vic, bnvui lng sao ti liu bng cch chp vo a CD.

CD-ROM= compact disc read-only memory

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7. failure n., an unsuccessful work or effort: s thtbi, c gng khng thnh cngEx: The power failure caused the system to shut down. Vic mt in lm cho h thng ngng hot ng.

8. figure out v, to understand, to solve: hiu ra, lun raEx: By examining all of the errors, the technicians figured out how to fix the problem.Bng cch kim tra ttc cc li, cc nhn vin k thut tm ra lm th no khc phc vn .

9. ignore v, not to notice; to disregard: l i, lm ra v khng bit n

Ex: When the director is working at the computer, she ignores everything around her.Khi v gim c lmvic trn my tnh, c ta tn l mi th xung quanh c.

Unfortunately, she ignored the warning about virus.ng tic l c ta l i cnh bo v vi rt.

10. search n., investigation: s iu tra, s nghin cuEx: Our search of the database produced very little information. Vic nghin cu d liu ca chng ti mangli rt t thng tin.

11. shut down v, to turn off; to cease operations: tt, ng, ngng hot ngEx: Please shut down the computer before you leave the office. Vui lng tt my tnh ca bn trc khi bnri vn phng.

12. warn v, to alert; to tell about a danger or problem: bo cho bit, cnh co, rnEx: The red flashing light gives a warning to users that the battery is low.n chiu chuyn sang mu ara cnh bo cho ngi dng rng pin yu.

Flashing images on the web page are designed to attract users' attention.Nhng hnh chiu sang trn trangweb c thit k thu ht s ch ca ngi dng.

Conferences

Tip theo lotbi t vng v TOEIC c TOEICpedia bin son theo sch 600 essential words for theTOEIC ca Dr. Lin Lougheed. TOEICpedia s gii thiu vi cc bn v Conferences (hi ngh). Trc khi

hc qua t vng, bn hy tm hiu xem Conference l g?

Conference(hi ngh)l mt cuc hp ln hn seminar v workshop, vi s ngi tham d t 100 n vichc ngn ngi. Cc hi on chuyn mn thng c conference thng nin. Thnh phn tham d thngl hi vin, k c nghin cu sinh v cc chuyn gia. Trong conference, c nhng bi ging chnh (keynotelectures) cho tt c ngi tham d. Ngoi bi ging chnh, conference cn c nhiu phin hp gi l session.

Sau khi tm hiu v Conference v trc khi hc t vng ca bi ny, bn hy lp danh sch cc t v ch ny xem bn ngh c bao nhiu t?

accommodate v. to fit, to provide with something needed: lm cho thch hp, lm cho thch nghiEx: The meeting room was large enough to accommodate the various needs of the groups using it.Phng hp ln p ng nhu cu a dng ca cc nhm s dng n.

Because the deadline for reserving rooms was past, the hotel manager could not accommodate our need formore rooms. V hn cht t phng ht nn ngi qun l khch sn khng p ng nhiu phng hncho chng ti.

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arrangement n , the plan or organization:s sp xp, s chun b, s thu xpEx: The catering arrangements for the conference have fallen through. S chun b ba n cho bui hi tho tht bi.

association n, an organization of persons or groups having a common interest: hip hi, hiEx: Membership in a trade or professional association provides business contacts and mutual support. Tonth hi vin trong hip hi nghnh ngh cung cp quan h nghip v v h tr ln nhau.

Local telephone companies formed an association to serve common goals, meet their common needs, and

improve efficiency.Cc cng ty vin thng a phng thnh lp mt hip hi phc vu cc mc tiu chung,p ng cc nhu cu cn thit ca h v ci thin mtcch hiu qu.

attend v, to go to, to pay attention to: d, c mt, chm lo n ...Ex: We expect more than 100 members to attend the annual meeting. Chng ti ngh rng c hn 100 thnhvin tham d cuc hp thng nin.

The hotel manager attended to all our needs promptly.Ngi qun l khch sn sn sng quan tm ncc nhu cu ca chng ti.

get in touch v, to make contact with:gi lin lc/quan h vi ai Ex: The registration desk is a good central location for people to get in touch with each other.Bn l tn nm

v tr trung tm gip mi ngi lin lc vi nhau.

hold v, to accommodate; to conduct:t chc, tin hnh, ch trEx: She holds an annual seminar that is very popular. C y ch tr bui hi tho hng nm rt c mingi a thch.

location n, a position or site: v tr, a imEx: The location of the meeting was changed from the Red Room to the Green Room.a im ca cuc hpc thay i t Red Room sang Green Room.

Disney World was the perfect location for the annual meeting since many members could bring theirfamilies.Disney World l mt v tr tuyt vi cho bui hi ngh hng nm cc thnh vin c th a gia

nh h i cng.

overcrowded a, too crowded: ng nght, qu ngEx: To avoid being overcrowded, we limited the number of guests that members could bring. trnh tnhtrng ng c, chng ti hn ch lng khch cc thnh vin a i cng.

register n., a record:sghi chp, s ng k bin bnEx: According to the register, more than 250 people attended the afternoon seminar. Theo s ng k, c hn250 ngi tham gia vo bui hi tho chiu nay.

Hotels ask all guests to register and give a home address.Cc khch sn yu cu tt c khch hng phing k v cung cp a ch nh.

select v, to choose from a group: la chn, chn lc, tuyn laEx: The conference participant selected the marketing seminar from the various offerings.Ngi d hi nghchn cuc hi tho v tip th trong s nhiu cuc hi tho khc nhau.

session n, a meeting: bui hp, k hp, phin hpEx: The morning sessions tend to fill up first, so sign up early. Cc phin hp vo bui sng c khuynh hngkn ch trc, v vy hy ng k sm.

take part in v, to join or participate: tham gia vo, tham dEx: The format for the session is very informal, which makes it easier for people to take part in the discussion.

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Th thc ca bui hp thoi mi, khin mi ngi tham gia tho lun d dng hn.There is no substitution for hard work and perseverance.Khng c s thay th lm vic chm ch vi tnh kinnhn.

Office Technology (Cng nghvn phng)

Cng ngh vn phng gip cho cc nhn vin v cc t chc sp xp cng vic ca h mt cch hp l, hiuqu v gim chi ph ti a. Bng cch ti u ha tt c cc chng trnh trn my tnh nh PowerPoint,Microsoft Office, Internet Explorer, Internet security, Outlook web access, website templates, Internetmarketing, video conferencing and podcasts.

Di y, TOEICpedia gii thiu mt s t vng thng c s dng trongcng ngh vn phng.

1. affordable a, able to be paid for; not too expensive: iu kin tr, khng mcEx: Obviously, the computer systems that are affordable for a Fortune 500 company will not be affordable fora small company.R rng cc h thng my tnh m cng ty Fortune 500 c kh nng chi tr th mt cng tynh khng th.

2. as needed adv, as necessary:cn thitEx: The courier service did not come every day, only as needed.Dch v chuyn pht nhanh khng dng hngngy, ch dng khi cn thit.

The service contract states that repairs will be made on an as-needed basis.Hp ng dch v khng nhrng vic sa cha da trn nhng nn tng thit yu.

3.be in charge ofv, to be in control or command of: chu trch nhim, bn phn, nhimvEx: He appointed someone to be in charge of maintaining a supply of paper in the fax machine. ng ta bnhim ai chu trch nhim bo qun ngun giy d tr trong my fax.

Your computer should not be in charge of you, rather you should be in charge of your computer.Bnkhng nn my tnh iu khin bn ng hn l bn nn lm ch my tnh ca bn.

4. capacity n, the ability to contain or hold; the maximum that something can hold: sc cha, dung lngEx: The new conference room is much larger and has a capacity of one hundred people.Phng hi ngh miln hn nhiu v c sc cha c trm ngi.

The memory requirement of this software application exceeds the capacity of our computer. Yu cu bnh ca phn mm ng dng ny ln hn sccha my tnh ca chng ti.

5. durable a, sturdy, strong, lasting: bn, lu bnEx: These chairs are more durable than the first ones we looked at. Nhng ci gh ny bn hn nhng cichng ti thy ln u.

6. initiative n, the first step; an active role: s khi xng, sng kinEx: Employees are encouraged to take the initiative and share their ideas with management.Ngi qun lng vin cc nhn vin a ra sng kin v chia s kin vi ng ta.

Our technology initiative involves an exciting new database system and will help us revolutionize ourcustomer service. Sng kin cng ngh ca chng ti lin quan n mt h thng d liu mi y hng th vgip cch mng ha dch v khch hng ca chng ti.

7. physically adv, with the senses: (thuc)thn thEx: The computer screen is making her physically sick. Mn hnh my tnh lm cho c ta pht bnh.

Physically moving your eyes from the screen to another place can help reduce same-position-strain

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syndrome.Di chuyn mt mt cch t nhin t mn hnh my tnh n mt im khc gip gim triu chngcng thng cho mt.

8. provider n, a supplier: ngi cung cp, nh cung cpEx: The marketing department was extremely pleased with the service they received from the phone provider.Phng tip th rt hi lng v dch v h nhn c t nh cung cp in thoi.

As your health service provider, we want to make sure you are happy and satisfied with the service you arereceiving.Nh l nh cung cp dch v sc khe ca bn, chng ti bo m rng bn s vui v v hi lng

v dch v bn nhn c.

9. recur v, to occur again or repeatedly: tr li (mt vn ), ti dinEx: The subject of decreasing sales recurs in each meeting. Vn gim doanh s c ti din trong mi cuchp.

The managers did not want that particular error to recur. Nhng ngi qun l khng mun li n gin c lp i lp li.

10. reduction n, a lessening , a decrease: s gim gi, gim btEx: The outlet store gave a 20 percent reduction in the price of the shelves and bookcases. Ca hng gim20% so vi gi nim yt ca cc sn phm trng by.

The reduction in office staff has made it necessary to automate more job function. Vic ct gim nhn svn phng th cn thit t ng ha chc nng ngh nghip.

11. stay on top ofv, to know what is going on; to know the latest information: theo st, theo kpEx: In order to stay on top of her employees progress, she arranged weekly breakfast meetings. theo sttin ca nhn vin ca b ta, b y sp xp cc cuc gp g n sng hng tun.

12. stock n, a supply: ngun d trstock v, to keep on hand: d trEx: The offices stock of toner for the fax machine was quickly running out. Mc toner d tr cho my faxtrong vn phng nhanh chng cn kit.

Job Advertising and Recruiting (tvng lien quan n quy trnh tuyn dng nhn s)

c tuyn dng vo mt cng ty, bn cn phi bit r hn ai ht bn cn g v cng vic no s ph hpvi bn. Nhng k nng, cch ng x, kin thc cn c i vi ngi xin vic nh tuyn dng c th chnc ng ngi, ng thi im, ng v tr v tr lng ph hp. bi ny, TOEICpedia s gii thiu mt s t v cch thc cn thit trong qu trnh tuyn dng.

1. abundant a., plentiful, in large quantities: dido, s lng lnEx: The computer analyst was glad to have chosen a field in which jobs were abundant.Nh phn tch my

tnh rt vui khi c chn vo lnh vc m cc cng vic rt di do.The recruiter was surprised by the abundant number of qualified applicants.Nh tuyn dng rt ngc nhin

vnhng ng vin c nng lc di do.

2. accomplishment n., an achievement, a success: thnh tu, thnh qu, thnh tchEx: The success of the company was based on its early accomplishments. S thnh cng ca cng ty da vonhng thnh qu ca n trc y.

In honor of her accomplishments, the manager was promoted. trn trng nhng thnh tu ca c ta,ngi qun l c thng chc.

in honour of: t lng tn knh, t lng trn trng i vi

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3. bring together v., to join, to gather: kt hp vo vi nhau, nhp liEx: Every year, the firm brings together its top lawyers and its newest recruits for a training session. Mi nm,cng ty tp hp cc lut s hng u v cc ng vin mi nht li vi nhau tham d kha hun luyn.Production involves bringing together workers, machinery, and raw materials to make goods. Cng vic snxut bao gm vic tp hp cc cng nhn, my mc v nguyn vt liu ch to ra hng ha.

4. candidate n., one being considered for a position, office: ngi ng c, ngi ng tuyn (vo mt chcg)

Ex: The recruiter will interview all candidates for the position.Nh tuyn dng s phng vn tt c cc ngvin cho v tr ny.The president of our company is a candidate for the Outstanding Business Award. V ch tch ca cng tychng ti l mt ng vin ca gii thng doanh nhn xut sc.

5. come up with v., to plan, to invent, to think of: theo kp, bt kp viEx: In order for that small business to succeed, it needs to come up with a new strategy. mt doanh nghipnh thnh cng, th h cn phi bt kp vi chin lc mi.

How was the new employee able to come up with that cost-cutting idea after only one week on the job.Lm th no mt nhn vin mi c th theo kp kin ct gim chi ph ch sau mt tun lm vic.

6. commensurate a., in proportion to, corresponding, equal to: ng vi, cn xng viEx: Generally the first years salary is commensurate with experience and education level.Ni chung mclng ca nm u tin ph hp vi kinh nghim v trnh hc vn.

As mentioned in your packets, the number of new recruits will be commensurate with the number ofvacancies at the company. Theo gi thng tin ca nh tuyn dng, s ng vin s tng ng vi nhng v trcn trng ti cng ty.

7. match n., a fit., a similarity: ngi ngang ti, ngang scEx: It is difficult to make a decision when both candidates seem to be a perfect match. Tht kh a raquyt nh khi c hai ng vin dng nh l ngang sc ngang ti.

A headhunter matches qualified candidates to suitable positions. Mt chuyn gia sn u ngi tm kim

cc ng vin c nng lc vo cc v tr ph hp.

HeadhunterH l ai?Headhuntercm t dng p dng cho nhng t chc hoc c nhn c giao phnhim v sn lng nhng ng vin ti nng, bng lng lm vic cho mt t chc.Ngi ta thng bit n headhunter nh mt cng vic ging nh i ct tm vng,nhng rt tngi bit c nhng mnh khe v ngh thut ca vic tm kim ngi ticho cc t chc, i lc tin chng phi l vn , ngh thut tm ngi mi chnh lcha kha.

8. profile n., a group of characteristics or traits: nt s lc, s lc tiu sEx: His customer profile shows that he always pay on time. H s khch hng ca ng y cho thy rng ngy lun tr ng hn.

9. qualifications n., requirements, qualities, or abilities needed for something: kh nng chuyn mn, trnh chuyn mnEx: The job seeker had done extensive volunteer work and was able to add this experience to his list ofqualifications.Ngi tm vic lm nhiu cng vic tnh nguyn th c th em kinh nghim ny vodanh sch lit k kh nng chuyn mn ca anh y.

The applicant had so many qualifications that the company created a new position for her. ng vin c qunhiu kh nng n ni m cng ty phi a ra mt v tr mi cho c y.

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10. recruit v., to attract people to join an organization or a cause:tuyn dng, tuyn mEx: When the consulting firm recruited her, they offered to pay her relocation expenses.Khi cng ty t vntuyn dng c y, h a ra mt khong chi ph i li.

The new recruits spent the entire day in training. Cc ng vin mi tri qua mt ngy o to.

11. submit v., to present for consideration: np, trnh ln, trnhEx: Submit your rsum to the human resources department.Np s yu l lch ca bn cho phng nhn s.

The applicant submitted all her paperwork in a professional and timely manner.Ngi xin vic np h s

ca c y ng lc v chuyn nghip.

12. time-consuming a., taking up a lot of time, lengthy: tn nhiu thi gian, hao ph thi gianEx: Five interviews later, Ms. Lopez had the job, but it was the most time-consuming process she had evergone through. Sau 5 vng phng vn, Ms. Lopez c vic lm, nhng l mt quy trnh tn thi gian mc y tri qua.

Applying and Interviewing (np n xin vic v phng vn)

Directions:

Applying and Interviewing

c tuyn dng vo mt cng ty, bn cn phi bit r hn ai ht bn cn g v cng vic no s phhp vi bn. Nhng k nng, cch ng x, kin thc cn c i vi ngi xin vic nh tuyn dng cth chn c ng ngi, ng thi im, ng v tr v tr lng ph hp. bi ny, TOEICpedia s gii thiu mt s t vng, cch thc v kin thc c bn cn thit trong qutrnh np n xin vic v phng vn.

1.ability n., a skill, a competence: nng lc, kh nngEx: The designers ability was obvious from her portfolio.Nng lc ca ngi thit k c nhn ra rrng qua b su tp tc phm ca c y/anh y.

The ability to work with others is a key requirement.Kh nng lm vic vi nhng ngi khc l mtyu cu then cht.

I have the ability to prepare a wide variety of memoranda, orders and offers. Ti c kh nng sontho nhiu loi vn bn ghi nh, n t hng v th cho hng.

He has the ability to type 60 words per minute.Anh y c kh nng nh my 60 t mt pht.- Organizing ability: kh nng t chc

2. apply v., to look for; to submit an application:s dng (vo vic g), np (n xin vic)Ex: Your chances are better if you apply for a job in the spring.Bn c c hi tt hn nu bn np nxin vic vo ma xun.

Contact the personnel department to apply for a job.Hy lin h vi phng nhn s np n xin

vic.Apply in confidence with full curriculum vitae and a recent photograph to.Np n kn km tm tt

l lch y v mt hnh chp gn y v.

3. backgroundn., a persons experience; education and family history: qu trnh hc hnh, kinhnghimEx: Your background in the publishing industry is a definite asset for this job.Kinh nghim ca bntrong ngnh cng nghip xut bn l mt ti sn chc chn cho cng vic ny.

I have an export and import background. Ti c kinh nghim v lnh vc xut nhp khu.

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4. be ready for v., to be prepared: sn sng, chun b sn sngEx: Thanks to her careful research, the applicant felt that she was ready for the interview with thedirector of the program. Cm n nhng nghin cu k lng ca c, ng vin cm thy rng c y sn sng cho cuc phng vn vi gim c chng trnh.

The employer wasnt ready for the applicants questions.Ngi ch chasn sng vi nhng cu hica ng vin.

5. call in v., to ask to come; to beckon: mi n, gi nEx: The young woman was so excited when she was called in for an interview.Ngi ph n tr rt vuikhi c y c gi n phng vn.

The human resources manager called in all the qualified applicants for a second interview. Gim cnhn s cho gi tt c cc ng vin c nng lc n phng vn ln th hai.

6. confidencen., a belief in ones ability; self-esteem: s t tin, s t nh gi caoEx: Good applicants show confidence during an interview. Cc ng vin gii by t s t tin ca htrong sut bui phng vn.

He had too much confidence and thought that the job was his.Anh y qu t tin v cho rng cngvic l ca anh ta.

I have confidence of being able to fulfil all the tasks assigned to me. Ti t tin l c th lm trn

nhng cng vic m qu ng giao ph.

7. constantly a., on a continual basis, happening all the time: lun lun, lin tcEx: The company is constantly looking for highly trained employees. Cng ty lin tc tm kim cc nhnvin c tay ngh cao.

Martin constantly checked his messages to see if anyone had called for an interview. Martin kim trath tn ca anh lin tc xem liu c ai gi anh ta n phng vn.

8. expert n., a specialist:chuyn gia, chuyn vinEx: Our department head is an expert in financing. Trng phng ca chng ti l mt chuyn gia tichnh.

The candidate demonstrated that he was an expert in marketing. ng vin chng t rng anh y lmt chuyn gia marketing.

9. follow up v., to take additional steps, to continue: tip theo, bm stEx: Always follow up an interview with a thank-you note.Lun vit mt l th cm n sau cuc phngvn.

10. hesitant adj., reluctant; with reservation: lng l, khng nht quytEx: Marla was hesitant about the negotiating a higher salary. Marla lng l v vic tha thun mt mclng cao hn.

11. present v., to introduce, to show, to offer for consideration:gii thiu (ai vi ai), a (ai) vo ytkin, xutEx: The human resources director presents each candidate's rsum to the department supervisor forreview. Gim c nhn s a s yu l lch ca mi ng vin cho b phn gim st xt duyt li.

The candidate presented her qualifications so well that the employer offered her a job on the spot.ng vin th hin nng lc ca c y qu tt n ni m ngi ch xut cho c y mt cng vicngay lp tc.

- on the spot: ngay tc khc, ngay lp tc

12. weakly adv., without strength; poorly:yu t, km, non

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Ex: Her hands trembled and she spoke weakly at the interview.Hai tay ca c y run run v c ni khyu t trong cuc phng vn.

weakness n. im yu, nhc imHe recommended that we list our strengths and weaknesses. ng y ngh chng ti lit k im

mnh v im yu ca mnh.

Lu :BrE: CV Curriculum vitae (s yu l lch)AmE: rsum or resumeBrE: coveringletter (th xin vic)AmE: coverletter

Phn bit skilled and unskilled:A skill is the ability to do something well, especially because you have learned how to do itand practise it.K nng l kh nng lm vic tt, c bit l bi v bn hc lm th no lm v thc hnh tt.

Jobs, and the people who do them, can be described as:

highly skilled(e.g. cardesigner)

skilled(e.g. car productionmanager)

semi-skilled(e.g. taxi driver) unskilled(e.g. car cleaner)

Bn c th ni rng ai : V cng c th ni rng:

skilled at, orskilled in ...

+ noun (e.g. customercare, electronics,computer software) good with ... computers

figurespeople

+ -ing (e.g.communicating, using

PCs, working with largegroups)

Ofice Procedures

Office Procedures

Office proceduresquy trnh lm vic vn phngthit lp mt tiu chun lm th no cho nhn vin cng lmvic vi nhau. Thng thng, cc cng ty a ra cc lut hoc chnh sch nhm hng dn cc hot ng camt vn phng hoc doanh nghip nh.

bi ny, TOEICpedia gii thiu n bn mt s t vng v quy trnh lm vic vn phng, v tm hiu xem ngha ca quy trnh lm vic vn phng.

1. appreciation n., recognition, understanding; thanks: s nhn thc, s cm kch, s nh giEx: In appreciation of your hard work on the Castcon project, the department will hold a casual lunch party onNovember third. nh gi cao cng vic ca anh y trong d n Castcon, b phn s t chc mt bui tictra bt ng vo ngy 3 thng 11.

Your appreciation of my efforts inspired me through the final stages of the construction. S nh gi ca

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ng y v nhng n lc ca ti truyn cm hng cho ti qua giai on cui ca cng trnh.

2. bring in v, to hire or recruit; to cause to appear: thu, tuyn dngEx: The company president wanted to bring on an efficiency consultant. Ch tch cng ty mun thu mtchuyn gia t vn gii.

The company brought in a new team of project planners. Cng ty thu mt nhm quy hoch d n mi.

3. casual a, informal: bnh thng, khng trnh trng, thng phcEx: On Friday, most employees dress casually.Hu ht nhn vin mc trang phc t do vo th su.

Martin spoke casually, as if he were chatting with friends. Martin ni chuyn kh thoi mi nh th anh yang tn gu vi bn ca anh ta.

4. code n, rules of behavior: quy tc ng xEx: The new employees observed the unwritten code of conduct in their first week on the job. Cc nhn vinmi tun th quy tc ng x qua giao tip trong tun u tin i lm.

Even the most traditional companies are changing their dress code to something less formal. Ngay cnhng cng ty truyn thng cng ang thay i quy nh mc ng phc ca h.

5. expose v, to make aware; to give experience: nhn thc ra, nhn ra kinh nghimEx: Mergers require that employees be exposed to different business practices. Vic st nhp cng ty i hicc nhn vin nhn thc c cc th tc cng vic khc nhau.

The new hires week in each department exposed them to the various functions in the company. Tun ltuyn dng nhn vin mi trong mi b phn mang li kinh nghim cho h n nhng chc nng a dngtrong cng ty.

6. glimpse n, a quick look: nhn thong qua, nhn lt quaEx: The secretary caught a glimpse of her new boss as she was leaving the office. C th k lic nhanh mt vpha ng ch ca c khi c y ri vn phng.

After one year with the company, he still felt as though he had only a glimpse of the overall operations.Sau mt nm lm vic cng ty, anh y vn cn cm gic nh th anh ta ch mi bit thong qua v ton b

cc hot ng ca n.

7. out ofadj., no longer having, missing: ht, khng cn naEx: Orders should be placed before you run out of the supplies. Vic t hng nn t trc khi bn ht hngd tr.

The presenter ran out of time before he reached his conclusion. Ngi dn chng trnh ht thi giantrc khi anh y ni phn kt thc.

8. outdated a, obsolete; not currently in use: li thi, khng cn s dng naEx: The purpose of the seminar is to have employees identify outdated methods and procedures. Mc ch cabui hi tho l lm cho cc nhn vin nhn dng c nhng th tc v phng php li thi.

Before you do a mailing, make sure that none of the addresses is outdated. Trc khi bn mun gi thcho ai , phi m bo rng a ch vn cn c s dng.

9. practice n, method of doing something: s rn luyn, s luyn tpEx: Bill practiced answering the telephone until he was satisfied.Bill luyn tp cch tr li qua in thoicho n khi anh cm thy hi lng.

10. reinforce v, to strengthen, support: cng c, lm cho manh lnEx: The financial officers unconventional method of analyzing data was reinforced by the business journalarticle.Phng php c o ca gim c ti chnh v vic phn tch d liu c mt tp ch kinh doanh

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nh gi caoqua mt bi bo.Employees reinforced their learning English with practice in the workplace. Cc nhn vin cng c vic

hc ca h bng vic luyn tp ngay ti ni lm vic.

11. verbal a, oral:pht biu bng li niEx: The guarantee was made only verbally.Bo hnh ch c lm bng ming.

* Hiu ng th dng mi tinh

Office proceduresquy trnh lm vic vn phngthit lp mt tiu chun lm th nocho nhn vin cng lm vic vi nhau. Thng thng, cc cng ty a ra cc quy luthoc chnh sch nhm hng dn cc hot ng ca mt vn phng hoc doanh nghipnh.

FunctionChc nngL do c quy trnh lm vic vn phng l cho vn phng hot ng hiu qu nhgi in thoi ni b v gi ra ngoi, giy t hnh chnh, h s, ti liu, lin lc vikhch hng v thm ch l sp xp c, tt c u phi theo quy trnh.

BenefitsLi nhunQuy trnh lm vic vn phng to ra mt phong cch lm vic nht qun, hiu qu vchuyn nghip trong mi trng vn phng.

ExamplesV dQuy trnh lm vic vn phng ch th nhng hot ng ca mt nhn vin trong lc lmvic nh l khng gi in thoi ring, kim tra hp th thoi vo bui sng, khng nichuyn vi khch hng khi khng cn thit. Nhng vic cng bao gm x l thit bvn phng nh l b giy vo my photo, b kim bm vo bm giy. Tt c cc quytrnh ny nhm lm cho vn phng hot ng hiu qu.

SignificanceTm quan trngQuy trnh lm vic vn phng thng c vit cho cc nhn vin mi, h hu nhkhng ngc nhin. Bit quy trnh lm vic v cho php h tr nn quen vi bng m tcng vic, nhn vin c th u tin tp trung vo cng vic hng ngy ca h.

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Sau y l 20 li khuyn gip cho bn t c phng php n thi c hiu qu nht:1. t mc tiu

Nu bn quyt nh tham gia k thi TOEIC. Xin chc mng bn. iu u tin bn cn phi lm l t chomnh mt mc tiu trong hc tp. Nu tham gia k thi xin vic th cn phi t cho mnh mc tiu cao hn.Nhn chung tt c cc v tr u i hi s im ti thiu l 600. V tr qun l c th i hi mt s im nhgi cao hn l 800 im.

Hy t mc tiu ph hp cho bn thn. Nu mc tiu ca bn qu cao, bn c th s tht vng v im s camnh. Hy nh rng bn c th ng k d thi bt k thi im no khi bn sn sng.

2. Hiu bit v bi thi

Trc khi bt u k thi TOEIC, bn cn trang b cho mnh nhng hiu bit v cu trc tng phn thi tht tt.K thi kim tra hai k nng l nghe hiu v c hiu. Bn nn lm quen vi dng bi thi TOEIC bng cch thchnh nhng bi kim tra mu.

3. Ln k hoch hc tp

Chn ch l mt trong nhng l do khin nhiu th sinh tht bi trong k thi TOEIC. t c kt qu mongmun, bn cn lp cho mnh k hoch hc tp ngay t khi quyt nh tham gia k thi TOEIC v khng nn n gn k thi mi ln k hoch n tp.Chn cho mnh nhng b sch luyn thi TOEIC ng tin cy nu bnquyt nh t n tp hoc tm mt lp luyn thi TOEIC trc khi tham gia k thi. c c kt qu tt nht,bn nn luyn thi di c hai hnh thc. Nu bn khng kh nng theo hc mt lp luyn thi TOEIC, hychc chn rng loi sch m bn chn luynthi c p n v gii thch r rng cho tng cu hi. Nu bnchn tham gia mt kho hc TOEIC trc k thi, bn nn tin tng vo vo gio vin hng dn ca bn v tocho mnh mt tm l tho mi khi n lp hc. Nn hc vi mt ngi bn khc v t mc tiu phn u cho

c hai ngi.

Chn thi gian hc vo mt khong gi c nh trong ngy v lp i lp li vic n tp hng ngy s nhanhchng nng cao im s ca bn. Hy lp k hoch hc tp v thc hin n.

4. Phn b thi gian n tp mt cchhp l

Bi thi TOEIC gm 7 phn. Mi phn thi u c nhng im cn ch trng ring. Khng nn dnh qu nhiuthi gian vo vic n tp mt phn thi c th no. Rt nhiu th sinh mc sai lm khi ch n tp phn thi mh yu thch v dnh qu nhiu thi gian cho phn thi .

5. Nng cao/Tng vn t vng

Mt l do khc khin nhiu th sinh gp tht bi trong k thi TOEIC l vn t vng ca h qu t/ch mcgii hn. Khi quyt nh tham gia k thi th th sinh cn chc chn rng h c mt vn t vng phong ph vnhiu lnh vc khc nhau. Li khuyn tt nht l ngi hc nn c mt cun s tay nh v vit tt c cc t mivo . Khng nn hc t mi theo mt danh sch cc t. V bn ch c th nh c t vng mt cch tt nhtv d dng nht ch nh vo ng cnh ca t. Do vy vi mi mt t bn gp trong qu trnh hc hy vit t v hc t trong cu. Sau mi tun hc, bn nn vit mt bc th hoc bi lun ngn v s dng ti a cc t

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m bn hc trong mt tun .

Khng nn s dng t in song ng trong qu trnh hc t. Nhng t in in t s lm cho vic hc t cabn tr nn d dng hn rt nhiu. S khng th nh c t nu bn khng dnh mt cht n lc cho vic hiuv nh n. Hy lun nh rng k thi TOEIC c mt ch l thng mi. Do , bn nn trau di vn tvng ca bn v cc ch nh du lch, ngn hng, sc kho, nh hng, vn phng, vv. Vic hc nhngthnh ng v nhng din t thng dng lin quan n cc ch ny cng khng th b qua.

6. Khc phcnhng im yu

Sau mt thi gian lm quen vi dng thi TOEIC, bn s bit c bn yu phn no. C th c nhngmng ng php bn cha nm vng. Nu bn ang theo hc mt kho hc trn lp TOEIC, bn hy nh ti str gip ca thy c gio ca bn, lm thm nhng phn bi tp m thy c gio ca bn giao cho. Nu bn thc nh, hy tm cho mnh nhng ngun ti liu tt nht c th gip bn cng c hn nhng vn .Internet cng l mt trong nhng cng c h tr vic hc tp ca bn rt tt. Bn c th tm kim nhng giithch hoc nhng bi tp b tr trn Internet thng qua thanh cng c tm kim rt hiu qu.

7. Loi b nhng phng n nhiu

Trong mi mt cu hi TOEIC, thng c t nht hai phng n nhiu (l nhng phng n sai nhm nh lchng th sinh). C rt nhiu loi phng n nhiu nh hin tng ng m, hin tng ng