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The Decline of Feudalism

Chapter 5

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5.1 Introduction

Between the 12th and 15th centuries, 3 major

developments led to the decline of feudalism:

What are they?

Political developments

Disease

War

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5.2 What Were the Political

Developments in England?What Were Henry IIs Legal Reforms?

He insisted that juries formally accuse people who wouldthen be tried by a judge.

This strengthened the power of royal courts.

Who lost power because of this? He issued the Constitutions of Clarendon which stated

clergy would be tried in royal courts and not church courts.

Who lost power and who gained power?

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What Was the Magna Carta?

King John made a lot of people mad: lost land, taxedbarons, ignored their rights, fought w/ church and tooktheir $.

1215, Angry barons forced King John to sign the Magna

Carta. Agreed to observe common law and rights of barons and

church. No free man could be jailed w/o habeas corpus.

Who does the Magna Carta Protect?

Protected the rights and liberties of the people.

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What Was Model Parliament?

In 1295, King Edward created the Model Parliamentwhich was a law-making body that includedcommoners and lower-ranking clergy as well as churchofficials & nobles.

Who gains power and who loses power here?

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What Were the Impacts of Political

Developments in England? They led to the decline of feudalism in 2 ways

What are they?

1. Strengthened power of monarch at expense of nobles.

2. Shifted power to commoners.

How did the Magna Carta contribute to this? Henry IIs legal reforms?

Model Parliament?

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5.3 What Was the Bubonic Plague?

Disease that struck Europe between 1347 to 1410.

If the disease began in China, how did it spread toEurope?

Began in China and spread to Europe and North Africa

by way of the Silk Road.

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What Was the Black Death?

Filthy living conditions contributed to the spread of thedisease.

It was carried by fleas that fed on the blood of infectedanimals, but people had no idea how it spread.

Who do you think got blamed?

France ordered all Jews out of the country in 1394 (aswell as many German cities).

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What Was the Impact of the Plague?

About 24 million (or 1/3 of all) Europeans died b/c of the plague. With so many deaths, what happened to the need for workers?

Need for workers was xt. high.

What could workers demand?

They could demand more money and rights.

After the plague, many peasant rebellions broke out.

Why? What does all of this add up to?

This all led to a shift in power from nobles to commoners; feudal lords lost a lotof power.

Get

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5.4 What Was the Hundred Years

War?

A series of wars between England and France

between 1337 and 1453 over land.

Philip VI of France claimed Edward IIIs fiefs

were in France, and war broke out.My fief!

No, My

fief!!

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What Were the Early English

Successes?

English were usually outnumbered and stillmanaged to win.

French had heavily armored knights on

horseback, had swords and lances, andinfantry had crossbows.

What are the problems with this?

English had lightly armored knights andarchers armed with longbows.

Whats the advantage to this?

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How Did the French Fight Back?

After a long truce, Henry V invaded Franceagain in 1415.

French showed more resistance because they

began using modern tactics and had a newsense of national identity thanks to Joan ofArc.

She was later captured and burned at thestake and 22 years later the French drove theEnglish out of France.

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What Was the Impact of the Hundred

Years War? Both the French and English used tax money to pay

commoners to fight in large professional armies.

Guess who the king no longer needs for protection?

Military technology rendered knights and castles

obsolete. How?

The war created a new sense of nationalism andpatriotism on both sides.

How did this lessen the power of lords? Commoners gained power because they were needed

as soldiers and workers.