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8 - Pulleys Simple Machines and Mechanical Advantage.pptx

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8 - Pulleys Simple Machines and Mechanical Advantage.pptx
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Pulleys, Simple Machines and Mechanical Advantage
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Pulleys,  Simple  Machines  and  Mechanical  Advantage  

Which  of  these  forces  do  NO  work?  

A.  ConservaBve  forces  B.  Non-­‐conservaBve  forces  C.  Forces  acBng  in  the  direcBon  of  a  parBcle’s  

trajectory  D.  Forces  acBng  in  the  direcBon  perpendicular  

to  the  parBcle’s  trajectory  E.  Can’t  say  in  general  

Which  of  these  statements  is/are  true?  A.  The  change  in  kineBc  energy  from  Bme  t1  to  

t2  is  equal  to  the  total  work  done  on  the  parBcle  in  that  interval  

B.  The  work  done  by  a  conservaBve  force  depends  only  on  the  endpoints  of  the  path.  

C.  The  change  in  total  energy  is  due  only  to  non-­‐conservaBve  forces  

D.  All  of  the  above  E.  B  and  C  only  

The  negaBve  gradient  of  the  potenBal  energy  is:  

A.  Work  B.  Torque  C.  A  conservaBve  force  D.  A  non-­‐conservaBve  force  E.  Total  energy  

Pulleys  

mP

I

ex

ey

Tey

�mP gey

Pulley  Force  and  Power  Profiles  

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 10

500

1000

1500

Height (m)

Force (N)

Power (W)

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 10

500

1000

1500

Height (m)

Force (N)

Power (W)

T  =  mP(g  +  b(1  –  y/h))       T  =  mPg  

Simple  Machines  

A  simple  machine  is  a  device  that  alters  a  force  vector  –  it  changes  the  magnitude  or  direcBon  of  the  force  applied  

Mechanical  Advantage  

•  Advantage:  

mP Th

d

ex

ey

�mP gey

mP

b1

b2

Tb1

�µcNb1

Nb2 B

I

Brachistocrone  Problem  shortest   Bme  

Do  we  need  to  know  the  equaBon  for  the  shape  of  the  cycloid  track  to  find  

the  car  velocity  at  point  B?  

A.  Yes  B.  No  C.  What?  


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