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Codes

&

Standards

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Lesson Objectives

When you finish this lesson you willunderstand:•  Codes and Standards and Standards

Writing Bodies•  Welding Procedure Development and

Qualifications

Learning Activities

1. ead !and"oo#

$1%&$'$

%. (iew Slides)

*. ead +otes,

$. -isten to lecture

. Do on&line

wor#"oo# '. Do homewor# 

Keywords

Codes, Specifications, ecommended Practices, /uides,Classifications, 0ethods, +S2, 2S3, Welding Procedure

Specification 4WPS5, Procedure Qualification ecord 4PQ5,

Welder Performance Qualification

Codes and Standards

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Types of Standards

Codes are generally applicable to processes

and indicate the mandatory use of materials or

actions

Specifications are generally associated witha product and indicate the mandatory use of

materials or actions

Recommended practices and guides are

offered primarily as aids to the user  Classifications and methods provide lists of

established practices or categories for

processes or products

Introduction

0.1.1.6.0.T1.95.12

Shallwill

Shallwill

Shouldmay

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!his !able

is in the

"elding

#andboo$ 

Code "riting Agencies

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What is Covered by Standards

Products Piping !merican Petroleum "nstitute

#iller metals !merican $elding %ociety

%hips !merican &ureau of %hipping

Pressure vessels and boilers !merican %ociety of 'echanical

(ngineers

&ridges !merican "nstitute of %teel )onstruction

*ealth + %afety

Terminology

Testing Procedures

Introduction

0.1.1.6.0.T2.95.12

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 American National Standards Institute (ANSI) )oordinating organi,ation for the -.%. voluntary

standards system

There are approimately 10/000 !merican ational

%tandards/ which encompass nearly every field and

discipline  !%" standards are developed and used voluntarily they

become mandatory when adopted or referenced by a

governmental body

Introduction

0.1.1.6.0.T.95.12

International Organiation for Standardiation (ISO)

•  (stablishment of -niform %tandards for "nternational Trade

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International Organiation for Standards (ISO)

30 countries/ 4000 standards/ !%" is the -.%.

representative

"% 90009004 7!%"8!%) 90: is a series of ;uality

management and assurance standards in manufacturing

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!ealth " Safety 

 !%"8!%) >49.11933 %afety in $elding and )utting "ncluded in the #eneral Industry Standards of %*!

%pecifically covers arc/ oyfuel gas/ resistance welding

*ealth and %afety in $elding and !llied Processes 4thedition/ ed. .). &alchin and *. ?. )astner/

'c@raw*ill "nc. 199

#ealth and Saety

0.1.1.6.1.T4.95.12

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 American Welding Society (AWS) Standards

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$efinitions and Symbols

 !%"8!$% !2.4 %ymbols for $elding/ &ra,ing/ and

ondestructive (amination

)ommunication between designers and fabricators

Aoint geometry/ weld contour/ surface finish

 !%"8!$% !.0 %tandard $elding Terms and

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 ANSI%AWS $&'& Structural Welding Code Steel 

@uidelines for design of welded Boints as well as

pre;ualified Boint geometries

%tatically loaded structures

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 AWS $&'& re*ualified +oint $esign

0.1.1.6.2.T15.95.12

%roessional Society Standards

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 AST, (American Society for Testing and ,aterials)

%pecifications cover virtually all materials used in

industry and commerce/ but not welding consumables

 !nnual &oo= of !%T' %tandards/ 15 sections 765

volumes: 1 "ron and %teel

2 onferrous

'etal test methods and analytical procedures

%pecification of groups of similar steel 7!:  !6 general construction steels

 !3C chromiummolybdenum steel for elevatedtemperature

service in piping and pressure vessel systems

%roessional Society Standards

0.1.1.6.2.T16.95.12

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 American Society of

,echanical -ngineers (AS,-)

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code has 11 sections and

is referenced by most states/ maBor cities in the -.%./

)anadian provinces/ a number of federal agencies

&efore fabricating a boiler or pressure vessel/ a

company must have a ;uality control system and a

manual describing it  !%'( issues a )ertificate of !uthori,ation and a code symbol

stamp -ni;ue in that it re;uired rd party inspection

independent of fabricator and user 

-ses same steel designations as !%T'

%roessional Society Standards

0.1.1.6.2.T1C.95.12

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.oiler and ressure /essel Code

%ection "" 'aterials %pecifications for base metals/ filler

metals/ flues

%ection D ondestructive (amination

%ection "E $elding and &ra,ing ualifications forpersonnel and procedures

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Other Standards

 !merican Petroleum "nstitute 7!P": %tandard 1104

$elding of Pipelines and ?elated #acilities

ualifications of $elding Procedures and $elders

"nspection and nondestructive testing

?epair and removal of defects

-nified umbering %ystem 7-%: )ross references the numbering systems from different

countries

ver 500 metals/ alloys/ and filler metals

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  estions?

!urn to the person sitting ne't to you and discuss () min*+,•  "hat does being a -third party consensus standards

writing body. mean/

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0ualiication

&

Certiication

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Standards that Impact Fabrication

"elding %rocedure Speciication ("%S+

%rocedure 0ualiication 1ecord (%01+

"elder %erormance 0ualiication2Certiication

A document that provides in detail re3uired welding

conditions or a speciic application*

A record o actual welding conditions used to produce anacceptable test joint and the results o the 3ualiication tests*

A record o a welder4s or welding operator4s ability to produce

welded joints that meet prescribed standards

 

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Standards that Impact Fabrication%re20ualiied %rocedures(Some Codes %ermit 2 5'ample A"S 6)*) Code+

7ased on the reliability o certain proven procedures

spelled out by the applicable code or speciication

•  8se "ritten %rocedures From Code•  All 5ssential 9ariable Speciied•  "eld 0ualiication !ests :ot 1e3uired•  5mployer Accepts 1esponsibility or 8se•  6eviations :egate %re3ualiied Status

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7asic Steps in 0ualiication o a %rocedure

)* %repare a preliminary "%S;* %repare and weld a suitable test weldment using "%S

welding> testing

?* 6ocument results on %01 

@* Issue approved %01 

* Issue approved "%S

%01 "%S 9 i bl C id d

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Standards that Impact Fabrication%01 2 "%S 9ariables Considered

•  7ase Betal•  "elding %rocess

•  Filler Betal•  !ype o Current1ange•  9oltage•  #eat Input•

 !ravel Speed•  oint 6esign and !olerances•  oint and Surace %rep

•  !ac$ "eldDrind O/•  "elding 6etails

•  5lectrode SiEe•  %asses• "eave

•  %osition •

 %reheat and Interpass•  %eening•  Second Side %rep•  %ost "eld #eat !reat•  1ecords (I 1e3uired+

Chec$ Speciic Code or List o 5ssential 9ariables(5ssential 9ariable Bust 7e Included in the "%S+

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%01 

%age )

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%01 

%age ;

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Standards that Impact Fabrication!ests Commonly 8sed or %014s

!est 5valuation

6racture 7ests

4Charpy, C3D, Drop5

is# of Brittle 6racture at 8se

7emperature

 +ic#&"rea# Determine Weld Soundness

6ree Bend Ductility of Weld 0etal

Shear 7est Shear Strength of 6illet Welds

!ardness de9uacy of !eat 7reatmentll&Weld&0etal 7ension 0echanical Prop of W0

levated 7emp Prop at lev. Service 7emp

estraint 7est Crac# Suscepti"ility

Corrosion Prop. 2n ggressive nviron.

 +D Soundness of WeldDelayed Crac#ing esistance to ! Crac#ing

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"%S

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Standards that Impact Fabrication"elder %erormance 0ualiication

9ariables•  "elding %rocess•  Filler Betal•  %osition

•  oint 6etails•  !hic$ness•  !echni3ue

(0ualiying in a more diicult position

may 3ualiy in an easier position+

6uration O 0ualiication

6ependent upon Code

(8sually inactivity o < to @ months re3uired re3ualiication+

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%erormance0ualiication

1ecord

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Standards that Impact Fabrication"elding %rocedure and %er&ormance 0uali&ication 9ariable !hat Bay 1e3uire 1e3uali&ication

%rocedure 9ariable %rocedure 1e3uali&ication

Bay 7e 1e3uired

"elder or Operator

1e3uali&ication

Base 0etal 47ype,Composition, Process5

Change in B0, Some Codes-ist :9uivalencies

8sually +ot e9uired

7hic#ness of B0 Change 3utside 7hic#ness

ange

Change 3utside ange

;oint Design Change in oot, 2ncluded

1ngle, Dimensions

Change in oot, 2ncluded

1ngle, Dimensions

Pipe Diameter 8sually +ot e9uired When educed Below Some0inimum

7ype of Current, Polarity 8sually +ot e9uired 8sually +ot e9uired

:lectrode Classification, Si

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Demonstration

1un the -"elding %rocedure Speciication.

rom the -6emonstration %age. o the "5

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Homework

%lease do Assignment )=