8F Compounds and Mixtures

7/21/2019 8F Compounds and Mixtures

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Boardworks Ltd 2003


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

A slide contains teachers notes wherever this icon is

displayed -To access these notes go to Notes age !iew

"oweroint #$% or Nor&al !iew "oweroint 2000%'

Nor&al !iewNotes age !iew

Teachers Notes

(lash (iles

A )lash )ile has *een e&*edded into the oweroint

slide wherever this icon is displayed +

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Boardworks Ltd 2003

,le&ents and o&po.nds

/t )ollows that

co&po.nds contain twotwoor more types of atom.or more types of atom.

The water &olec.le contains two

hydrogen ato&s *onded to one

oygen ato&1 so the )or&.la is 2'

,le&ents are &aterials&ade .p o) one type ofone type of

atom only.atom only. ydrogen &olec.le contains

two hydrogen ato&s *onded

together1 so the )or&.la is 2'


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

o&po.nds4 5ater

o&po.nds are prod.ced when ele&ents co&*ine' (or

ea&ple1 water is prod.ced in the )ollowing reaction'

5ord ,6.ation

ydrogen 7 ygen 5ater

7 7

Two water &olec.les react with one oygen &olec.le to give water'


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

o&po.nds + not &it.res

The ato&s in co&po.nds are NT

&ied together' A &it.re o) hydrogenand oygen wo.ld look like4

They *eco&e bondedbondedtogether d.ring a chemicalchemical

reaction.reaction. Beca.se o) this co&po.nds have properties that

are veryver

ydi))erent to the ele&ents that they are &ade )ro&'

HYDROGEN

(la&&a*le gas'

OXYGEN

8as in which &any

s.*stances *.rn'

W!ER

Li6.id that eting.ishes

&ost )ires'

"


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

o&po.nds + not &it.res

Black solid

.sed as

*ar*ec.e

).el

8as in

which

&any

s.*stances*.rn

8as .sed in

)i99y drinks and

)ire

eting.ishers

car*on 7 oygen car*on dioide


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

Na&ing :i&ple

co&po.nds'/t is easy to na&e si&ple co&po.nds o) &etals and non-&etals'

;' 5rite down the na&e o) the &etal2' 5rite down the na&e o) the non-&etal *.t change

the ending to


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

Na&e the co&po.nd )or&ed )ro& these ele&ents

nitrogenlithi.&

s.lph.r9inc

iodinenickel

*ro&ineal.&ini.&

oygentin

chlorinesodi.&

nitrogen&agnesi.&

s.lph.riron

Na&e o) co&po.nd,le&ent 2,le&ent ;

iron s.lphide

&agnesi.& nitride

sodi.& chloride

tin oide

al.&ini.& *ro&ide

nickel iodide

9inc s.lphide

lithi.& nitride

Na&ing :i&ple

co&po.nds'


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Na&ing &ore co&plicated o&po.nds

?any co&po.nds contain &ore than two ele&ents'Na&ing the& can get co&plicated *.t )or thosecontaining two ele&entsplusplusoygen the na&eending .s.ally changes toate.ate.

oygen*ro&ineal.&ini.&

oygens.lph.rcopperoygen

oygen

oygen

,le&ent 3

nitrogensodi.&

&agnesi.& nitratenitrogen&agnesi.&

nickel s.lphates.lph.rnickel

Na&e o) co&po.nd,le&ent 2,le&ent ;

sodi#m nitrate

copper s#lphate

al#mini#m bromate


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The co&position o) co&po.nds'

@ o&po.nds are very di))erent to the ele&ents )ro&

which they are &ade *.t there is another way inwhich co&po.nds are di))erent to &it.res'

@ /n a &it.re yo. can add any a&o.nt o) the

ingredients'

@ o&po.nds always contain a de)inite a&o.nt o) each

ele&ent' They have a )ied co&position'

@ This is not really s.rprising as looking at the word

e6.ations yo. will have seen they always have ade)inite n.&*er o) ele&ent ato&s oined together'

Na l ?g



The )or&.la o) co&po.nds

This &eans that every co&po.nd can have a

)or&.la that tells .s how &any o) each type o) ato&

are present' 5e incl.de s&all slightly dropped

n.&*ers i) there are &ore o) one ato& than the

other'

WaterWater

ne oygen ato&

Two hydrogen ato&s

(or&.la HH$$OO

%arbon dio&ide%arbon dio&ide

ne car*on

ato&

Two oygen

ato&s

(or&.la%O%O$$



5hat is the )or&.lae

o) each o) theco&po.nds shown

"As with na&es1 p.t

the &etal )irst'%

$. 'ithi#m O&ide$. 'ithi#m O&ide

Li

Li

oygen ato&

lithi.& ato&s

(or&.la

((

). l#mini#m chloride). l#mini#m chloride

al.&ini.& ato&

chlorine ato&s(or&.la

Al ll

l

*. !itani#m o&ide*. !itani#m o&ide

titani.& ato&

oygen ato&s(or&.la

Ti

; titani.& ato&

2 oygen ato&s

(or&.la

!iO!iO$$

; oygen ato&

2 lithi.& ato&s

(or&.la

'i'i$$OO

; al.&ini.& ato&

3 chlorine ato&s(or&.la

l%ll%l))

Activity




5hat is the )or&.lae

o) each o) the co&po.nds

shown

+ilicon chloride+ilicon chloride

silicon ato&

chlorine ato&s(or&.la

:i ll

l

,an-anese o&ide,an-anese o&ide

&anganese ato&

oygen ato&s(or&.la

?n

; &anganese ato&

2 oygen ato&s

(or&.la

,nO,nO$$

; silicon ato&

C chlorine ato&s

(or&.la

+i%l+i%l

l

l#mini#m o&idel#mini#m o&ide

al.&ini.& ato&

oygen ato&s

(or&.la

Al

2 al.&ini.& ato&

3 oygen ato&s

(or&.la

ll$$OO))

Al

Activity




5ord e6.ations can *e .sed to descri*e anyche&ical change. (i'e' any process where the ato&s

*eco&e oined "*onded% in di))erent ways%'

The steps are4

;' 5rite down the na&e o) the reactant"s% linking

the& with a ++sign i) there is &ore than one'

2' 5rite down an arrow

3' 5rite down the na&es o) the prod.cts linkingthe& with a ++sign i) there is &ore than one

5ord ,6.ations



/t hasnt .st &ied'

/t has reacted and ato&s are oined di))erently'

5rite o.t word e6.ations )or this reaction

@ Lead reacts with oygen to )or& lead oide

Lead 7 oygen lead oide

'ead 'ead o&ide

5hy is lead oide so di))erent to *oth lead and oygen

Activity

5ord ,6.ations



5rite o.t word e6.ations )or the )ollowing

reactions';' Li&estone "calci.& car*onate% is heated to &ake

calci.& oide and car*on dioide'

2' ?agnesi.& reacts with hydrochloric acid to &ake&agnesi.& chloride and hydrogen'

3' ?ethane is *.rnt to &ake car*on dioide andwater'

calci.& car*onate calci.& oide 7car*on dioide

&agnesi.& 7 hydrochloric acid

&agnesi.& chloride 7 hydrogen

&ethane 7 oygen car*on dioide 7 water

Activity

5ord ,6.ations



?it.res

?it.res are1 as the na&e indicates1 mixedmixedrather thanreacted together'

This &eans that1 .nlike co&po.nds4; They do not have to have any partic.larproportions o) the vario.s ingredients'

2 Their properties are o)ten



/&&isci*le li6.ids

/&&isci*le &eans



?isci*le li6.ids?isci*le &eans



condenser

electric

heatercollection

*eaker

water in

water o.t

ther&o&eter

Eistillation ,6.ip&ent

?isci*le li6.ids

: ti



:eparations

ow wo.ld yo. get this

?it.re 5anted ?ethod

8lass and water glass

:ea water salt:ea water water

ooking oil F water cooking oil

Alcohol and water alcohol

)ilter

evaporate

distil

pipette

distil

: ti , i t



Gohn has *een given a &it.re o) salt1 sand and water'e needs to separate the& *.t cannot re&e&*er

how'

an yo. help hi&

5rite an eperi&ental plan )or Gohn to )ollow so that he

can have the sand1 salt and water in separate

containers'

?ake s.re yo. start o)) *y telling hi& what e6.ip&ent

he will need'

Then he will need a step *y step plan that is easy to

)ollow'

:eparation ,peri&ent

: ti iti



:.&&ary activities



;' 5hich o) these is a co&po.nd

A' *ro&ine

B' copper' car*on dioide

E' .rani.&



2' 5hich o) these bestbest descri*es a

co&po.nd

A' Two or &ore ato&s *onded together'

B' Two or &ore ele&ents &ied together'' Two or ele&ents *onded together'

E' Two or &ore types o) &olec.le &ied

together'



3' 5hich o) these co.ld bestbest descri*e co&po.nds

:.*stances that4

A' are si&ilar to the ele&ents that they are &ade

)ro&'B' can *e )or&ed when ele&ents react together'

' can *e )or&ed when ele&ents deco&pose into

two or &ore new s.*stances'

E' s.*stances with sy&*ols in the eriodic Ta*le'


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

C' 5hat wo.ld *e the na&e o) aco&po.nd )or&ed )ro& s.lph.r1 oygenand 9inc

A' s.lph.r 9incide

B' s.lph.r 9incate

' 9inc s.lphide

E' 9inc s.lphate


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

H' 5hat wo.ld *e the )or&.la o) aco&po.nd containing two al.&ini.&

ato&s )or every three s.lph.r ato&s

A' l$+) B' l)+$

'l$+) E'l)+$


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

I' ow wo.ld yo. separate a &it.re o)water and alcohol' "Two &isci*le li6.ids%

A' )ilteringB' chro&atography

' evaporation

E' distillation


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Boardworks Ltd 2003

$' 5hat is the &ain techni6.e yo. wo.ld.se when separating a &it.re o) saltand sand

A' )iltering

B' chro&atography

' evaporation

E' distillation


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J' Kse the chro&atogra& to decide

which dyes are in the ink'

A B C D Ink

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8F Compounds and Mixtures

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