References

227

7. REFERENCES

Aase, H.C. 1935. Cytology of the cereals. Bot. Rev. 1: 467-495.

Abbasi, A.M., Khan, M.A., Ahmad, M. & Zafar, M. 2010. Herbal medicines used

to cure various ailiments by the inhabitants Abbottabad District, North

West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Ind. J. Trad. Knowd. 9: 175-183.

Adams, K.L. & Wendel, J.F. 2005. Polyploidy and genome evolution in plants.

Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 8: 135-141.

Áedo, C.F., Fiz, O., Alarcon, M.L., Navarro, C., Navarro, C. & Aldasoro, J.J.

2005. Taxonomic revision of Geranium sect. Dissecta (Geraniaceae).

Syst. Bot. 30: 533-558.

Áedo, C.F., Garmedia, F.M. & Pando, F. 1998. World Checklist of Geranium L.

(Geraniaceae). Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 56:1-42.

Afzal, S., Afzal, S., Awan, M.R., Khan, T.S., Gilani, A., Khanum, R. & Tariq, S.

2009. Ethno-botanical studies from northern Pakistan. J. Ayub. Med. Coll.

Abbottabad 2: 52-57.

Agarwal, K. & Gupta, P.K. 1983. Cytological studies in the genus Trigonella

L.Cytologia 48: 771-779.

Agarwal, P.K. 1983. Cytomixis in Cissus discolor Blume. Curr. Sci. 52: 781-782.

Agelet, A. & Valles, J. 2001. Studies on pharmaceutical ethnobotany in the region

of Pallars (Pyrenees, Catalonia, Iberian Peninsula). Part I. General results

and new or very rare medicinal plants. J. Ethnopharmacol 77: 57-70.

Ahmad, I. & Koul, A.K. 1980. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXVIII.

Taxon 29: 543.

Ahrendt, L.W.A. 1961. Berberis and Mahonia, A taxonomic revision. J. Linn.

Soc. Bot. 57: 1- 410.

Ainouche, M.L. & Jenczewski, E. 2010. Focus on polyploidy. New Phytol. 186:

1-4.

Ajani, Y., Ajani, A., Cordes, J., Watson, M. & Downie S. 2008. Phylogenetic

analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences reveals relationships within five groups

of Iranian Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae. Taxon 57: 383-401.

Ajay, K.J. & Sarbhoy, R.K. 1987. Cytogenetical studies on the effect of some

chlorinated pesticides. II. Effect on meiotic chromosomes of Lens and

Pisum. Cytologia 52: 55-61.

Akasaka, M., Ueda. Y. & Koba T., 2003. Karyotype analysis of wild rose species

belonging to septets B, C, and D by Molecular cytogenetic method.

Breed.Sci. 53: 177-182.

Akiyama, S., Ohba, H. & Wu, S.K. 1996. Cytotaxonomic comparison of

Impatiens distributed in Nepal Himalaya and Yunnan. In: International

Symposium on Floristic Characteristics and Diversity of East Asian

Plants, Abstracts pp.138. Bot. Soc. China, Kunming.

Akiyama, S., Wakabayashi M. & Ohba H. 1992. Chromosome evolution in

Himalayan Impatiens (Balsaminaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 109: 247–257.

References

228

Akpabio, K.E.1990. Chromosomal interconnections and metaphase-I clumping in

meiosis of four species of Crotalaria L. Nig. J. Bot. 3: 191-195.

Al-Achkar, W., Sabatier, L. & Dutrillaux, B. 1989. How are sticky chromosomes

formed? Annu. Genet. 32: 10-15.

Albers, F. & Pröbsting, W. 1998. [Report]. pp. 569, 571, 586 in: Wisskirchen, R.

& Haeupler, H. (eds.), Standardliste der Farnund Blütenpflanzen

Deutschlands. Stuttgart: Bundesamt für Naturschutz & Verlag Eugen

Ulmer.

Ali, H. & Qaiser, M. 2009. The ethnobotany of chitral valley, Pakistan with

particular reference to medicinal plants. Pak. J. Bot. 41: 2009-2041.

Al-Mayah, A.R.A. & Al-Shehbaz, I. 1977. Chromosome numbers for some

Leguminosae from Iraq. Bot. Not. 130: 437- 440.

Al-Shehbaz, I.A. & Price, R.A. 1998. Delimitation of the genus Nasturtium

(Brassicaceae). Novon 8: 124-126.

Al-Shehbaz, I.A. 1988. The genera of Arabideae (Cruciferae; Brassicaceae) in the

southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 69: 85-166.

Al-Shehbaz, I.A. 2003. Transfer of most North American species of Arabis to

Boechera (Brassicaceae). Novon 13: 381-391.

Ansari, H. A., Ellison, N.W., Reader, S.M., Badaeva, E.D., Friebe, B., Miller,

T.E. & Williams, W.M. 1999. Molecular cytogenetic organisation of 5S

and 18S-26S rDNA loci in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and related

species. Ann. Bot. 83: 199-206.

APG I. 1998. An ordinal classification for the families of flowering plants. Ann.

Missouri Bot. Gard. 85: 531-553.

APG II. 2003. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for

the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II. Bot. J. Linn. Soc.

141: 399-436.

APG III. 2009. An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for

the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. Bot. J. Linn. Soc.

161: 105-121.

Ara, S. & Naqshi, A.R. 1993. Contribution to the Botany of Gurais Valley,

Kashmir. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 19: 477-478.

Armstrong, S.J. & Jones, G.H. 2003. Meiotic cytology and chromosome

behaviour in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana. J. Exp. Bot. 54:1-10.

Aryavand, A. & Favarger C., 1980. Contributin a Letude Cytotaxonomique des

Caryophyllaceae de L Iran. Publication: Biologie et Ecologic

Meditrraneanne, Collation 7: 15-26.

Aryavand, A. 1977: In IOPB chromosome number reports LVII. Taxon 26: 443-

452.

Asana, J.J. & Aditia, R.D. 1945. The chromosome numbers in the family

Annonaceae. Curr. Sci. 14: 74-75.

Ashraf, M. & Gohil, R.N. 1986. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXXXI.

Taxon 35: 408.

References

229

Ashraf, M. & Gohil, R.N. 1988a. Studies on the cytology of legumes of Kashmir

Himalaya. I. Cytology of Astragalus melanostachys Benth. ex Bunge with

a new base number for the genus. Caryologia 41: 61-67.

Ashraf, M. & Gohil, R.N. 1988b. Studies on the cytology of legumes of Kashmir

Himalaya. III. Interpopulation differences in the karyotypes of 3 species

of Astragalus L. Cytologia 53: 543-549.

Ashraf, M. & Gohil, R.N.1989. Studies on the cytology of legumes of Kashmir

Himalaya. IV. Meiotic behavior in 21 species of Astragalus L. Cytologia

54: 565-571.

Ashraf, M. & Gohil, R.N. 1994. Cytology of legumes of Kashmir Himalaya .V.

Cytomixis and chromosome migration in Astragalus subuliformis DC.

Nucleus 37: 119-122.

Asker, S.E. & Jerling, L. 1992. Apomixis in plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Aswal, B.S. & Mehrotra, B.N. 1994. Flora of Lahaul-Spiti (A Cold Desert in

Northwest Himalaya). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Atta-ur-Rahman, Nasreen, A., Akhtar, F., Shekhani, M., Clardy, J., Parvez, M.,

Choudhary, M.I. 1997. Antifungal diterpenoid alkaloids from Delphinium

denudatum. J. Nat. Prod. 60: 472-474.

Awan, M.R., Iqbal, Z., Shah, S.M., Jamal, Z., Jan, G., Afzal, M., Majid, A. &

Gul, A. (2011). Studies on traditional knowledge on economically

important plants of Kaghan Valley, Mansehra district, Pakistan. J. Med.

Plants. Res. 5: 3958-3967.

Badr, A., Hamoud, M.A. & El-Rabey, H.A. 1996: Chromosomal studies in the

Egyptian flora V. Chromosomal relationships in the genus Astragalus L.

(Fabaceae). Cytologia 60: 105-111.

Baez-Major, A.B. 1934. Estudio cariologico de algunas crucifers y su

interpretation en la sistematica. Carvanillesia 6: 59-103.

Bahl, J.R. & Tyagi, B.R. 1988. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Papaver

dubium L. Cytologia 53: 771-775.

Bakshi, S.K. & Kichloo, S. 1985. B-chromoosmes in Artemisia maritime L.

Chrom. Infor. Ser. 38: 23-25.

Baig, N.A. 1971. Basic chromosome number in the genus Cerastium L. Pak. J.

Sci.23: 267- 268.

Bakker, F.T., Culham A., Daugherty L.C. & Gibby M. 2000. Mitochondrial and

chloroplast DNA-based phylogeny of Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Amer.

J. Bot. 87: 727-734.

Bala, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011. In IAPT/IOPB Chromosome data 12. Taxon 60:

1784-1786.

Baldwin, J. T. & Campbell J. M. 1940. Chromosomes of cruciferae. Descurainia.

Amer. J. Bot. 27: 915-917.

Baldwin, J. T. 1938. Kalanchoe: the genus and its chromosomes. Amer. J. Bot.

25: 572-579.

References

230

Ball, P.W., Pawlowski, B. & Walters, S.M. 1968. Potentilla L. In: Tutin, T.G. et

al (ed.) Flora Europea, 2nd edn. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, pp.

36-47.

Ballard, H. E. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships and infrageneric groups in Viola

(Violaceae) based on morphology, chromosome numbers, natural

hybridization and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences. Ph.D. Diss.,

Univ. Wisconsin, Madison, WI.

Bandel, G. 1974. Chromosome numbers and evolution in Leguminosae.

Caryologia 27: 17- 32.

Baptista-Giacomelli, F.R., Palgliarini, M.S. & Almeida, J.L. 2000. Meiotic

behavior in several Brazilian oat cultivars (Avena sativa L.). Cytologia

65:371-378.

Baquar, S.R. 1976. Polyploidy in the flora of Pakistan in relation to latitude life

form and taxonomic group. Taxon 25: 621-627.

Băra, I.I., Bara, C., Capraru, G. & Truta, E. 2007. The possible ways of speciation

in Papaveraceae family. Analele StiinŃifice ale UniversităŃii “Al.I.Cuza”

din Iasi (serie nouă), SecŃiunea I, a. Gene. si Biol. Mol. Tom 8: 223-233.

Basavaiah, D. & Murthy, T.C.S. 1987. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of

Urochloa panicoides P. Beauv. (Poaceae). Cytologia 52: 69-74.

Battaglia, E. 1964. Cytogenetics of B-chromosomes. Caryologia 17: 246-299.

Baum, D.A., Dewitt S., Smith, A., Yen, W. S., Alverson, R., Nyffeler, Whitlock,

B. A. &Oldham, R. L. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships of Malvatheca

(Bombacoideae and Malvoideae; Malvaceae sensu lato) as inferred from

plastid DNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 1863-1871.

Bayer, C. & Kubitzki, K. 2003. Malvaceae. In K. Kubitzki and C. Bayer (eds.),

Flowering plants, dicotyledons: Malvales, Capparales, and nonbetalain

Caryophyllales. pp. 225-311.Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.

Bayer, C., Fay, M.F., Bruijn, A.Y.D. Savolainen, V., Morton, C.M., Kubitzki, K.

Alverson, W. S. & Chase, M. W. 1999. Support for an expanded family

concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: a

combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences. Bot. J. Linn.

Soc. 129: 267-303.

Baytop, A. & Saraçoglu, M. 1982. Türkiyénin tek yillik Papaver türleri.

Türkiyénin Papaver türleriüzerinde arastirmalar (Prof. Sarim

Çelebioğlu’nun Dr. Phil. ünvanini alisinin 50. Yildöonümü nedeniyle

Istanbul Üniversitesi Eczacilik Fakültesinde yapilan bilimsel toplanti). pp.

28-32.

Beadle, G.W. 1932. A gene for sticky chromosomes in Zea mays. Z. Ind. Abst.

Vererbungsl. 63: 195-217.

Beilstein, M.A., Al-Shehbaz, I.A., Mathews, S. & Kellogg, E.A. 2008.

Brassicaceae phylogeny inferred from phytochrome A and ndhF sequence

data: Tribes and trichomes revisited. Amer. J. Bot. 95: 1307-1327.

References

231

Beskaravaynaja, M.A., M.I., Djakova, & T.P., Sakharova. 1979. Citologicheskoe

izuchenie roda Clematis L. Bjulleten' Glavnogo Botaniceskogo Sada 113: 81-

84.

Beigh, S.Y., Nawchoo, I.A. & Iqbal, M. 2003a. Plants in traditional medicine of

Kashmir Himalaya. J. Econ.Taxon Bot. 27: 99-104.

Beigh, S.Y., Nawchoo, I.A. & Iqbal, M. 2003b. Traditional veterinary medicine

among the tribes of Kashmir Himalaya. J. Herbs Spices Med. Plants 10: 121-

127.

Bell, C.R. 1964. Cytomixis in Tauschia nudicaulis Schlecht (Apiaceae). Cytologia

29: 369-398.

Bell, C.R. & Constance, L. 1957. Chromosome numbers in Umbelliferae. Amer. J.

Bot. 44: 565-572.

Belling, J.1921. On counting chromosomes in pollen mother cells. Am. Nat.

55: 573-574.

Bellucci, M., Roscini, C. & Mariani, A. 2003. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of

Medicago sativa L. J. Hered. 94: 512-516.

Bendel, G. 1974. Systematics Cytogenetics and evolution in Crepis Bot. Rev. 8: 139-

190.

Bennett, M.D. & Smith, J.B. 1976. Nuclear DNA amounts in Angiosperms. Phil.

Trans. Roy. Soc. Lond. B 274: 228-274.

Bentham, G. & Hooker, J.D. 1862-1883. Genera Plantarum ad Exemplaria Imprimis

in Herbariis Kewensibus Servata Definita. 3 vols. London.

Berger, A. 1930. Crassulaceae. In A. Engler and K. Prantl [eds.], Die Natürlichen

Pflanzenfamilien, 2nd ed. 18A: 352-483.

Bertagnolle, F. & Thompson, J.D. 1995. Gametes with the somatic chromosome

number, mechanisms of their formation and role in the evolution of

autopolyploid plants. New Phytol. 129:1-22.

Bhalla, V. 1941. Life history of Euphorbia helioscopia L. Proc. Indian Sci. Congr.

Assoc. 28: 161.

Bhat, B.K., Bakhshi, S.K. & Kaul, M.K. 1975. In IOPB chromosome number reports

XLIX. Taxon 24: 501-506.

Bhat, T.A., Parveen, S. & Khan, A.H. 2006. MMS-Induced cytomixis in pollen

mother cells of Broad Bean (Vicia faba L.). Turk. J. Bot. 30: 273-279.

Bhat, T.A., Parveen, S. & Khan, A.H. 2007. Meiotic studies in two varieties of Vicia

faba L. after EMS treatment. Asian J. Plant Sci. 6: 51-55.

Bhattacharjee, S.K. 1953. Cytogenetics of Lens esculenta Monesch. Caryologia 5:

159-166.

Bhattacharjee, A. & Sharma, A.K. 1980. Karyological investigations on three genera

of Ranunculaceae. Acta Bot. Indica 8: 1-10.

Bidak L., Amin, A.W. (1996). Inter-and intraspecific chromosomal variations in four

species of Trigonella L. J. Union Arab. Biol. 3: 203- 215.

Bir, S.S., Bedi, Y.S. & Gill, B.S. 1985. Cytopalynology of certain woody members of

Gamopetalae and Monochlamydeae form Northern and Central India. J.

Palynol. 21: 85-106.

References

232

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S. 1985. Chromosome studies on the Indian legumes. In:

Reddi, V.R. & Rao, M.K. (eds.). Cytogenetics of Higher Plants:

Chromosome Structure and Behaviour. Andhra University, Waltair, India.

pp. 39-41.

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S. 1979. Cytological evolution of the Leguminous flora of the

Punjab Plain. In: S.S. Bir (ed.). Recent Researches in Plant Sciences.

Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. pp. 251-260.

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S.S. 1981a. Cytological evolution in legume genera from

India-I. Cassia L. In: Verma, S.C. (ed.). Contemporary Trends in Plant

Science. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi. pp. 345-404.

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S. 1981b. Evolutionary status of Leguminosae trees from

India. Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. Assoc. 68:116-117.

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S. 1977. Evolutionary status of Leguminosae from

Pachmarhi, Central India. Nucleus 20: 94-98.

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S. 1975. In IOPB chromosome number reports XLIX.Taxon

24: 501- 516.

Bir, S.S. & Kumari, S. 1982. Karyotypic studies in Cassia Linn. from India. Proc.

Indian Nat. Sci. Acad. B48: 397-404.

Bir, S.S. & Saggoo, M.I.S. 1980. Chromosome numbers in certain Acanthaceae

and Labiatae II. In Chromosome number reports LXIX. Taxon 29: 711-

712.

Bir, S.S. & Sidhu, S. 1967. Cytological observations on the North Indian

members of family Leguminosae. Nucleus 10: 47-63.

Bir, S.S. & Sidhu, M. 1980. Cyto-palynological studies on weed flora of

cultivable land of Patiala district (Punjab). J. Palynol. 16: 85-105.

Bir, S.S. & Thakur, H.K. 1984. SOCGI plant chromosome number reports- II. J.

Cytol. Genet. 19: 114-115.

Bir, S.S. & Thakur, H.K. 1981. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXIII.

Taxon 30: 842-843.

Bir, S.S., Thakur, H.K. & Chatha, G.S. 1987. Chromosomal studies in certain

members of Ranunculaceae and Mensipermaceae. Proc. Indian Sci.

Congr. Assoc.74:184-185.

Bittrich, V. 1993. Caryophyllaceae. In: Kubitzki, J. (ed.). The families and genera

of vascular plants, vol. 2. Berlin: Springer. pp. 206-236.

Bíziková, L. 2001. Chromosome numbers of the genus Xanthoxalis

(Oxalidaceae). Biologia 56: 53-56.

Bobak, M. & Herich, R. 1978. Cytomixis as a manifestation of pathological

changes after the application of trifuraline. Nucleus 21: 22-26. Boivin, K.,

Acarkan, A., Mbulu, R.S., Clarenz, O. & Schmidt, R. 2004. The

Arabidopsis genome sequence as a tool for genome analysis in

Brassicaceae: A comparison of the Arabidopsis and Capsella rubella

genomes. Plant Physiol. 135: 735-744.

References

233

Boldrini, K.R., Pagliarini, M.S. & Valle, C.B. 2006. Abnormal timing of

cytokinesis in microsporogenesis of Brachiaria humidicola (Poaceae:

Paniceae). J. Genet. 85: 225-228.

Boscaiu, M., Vicente, O. & Ehrendorfer, F. 1999. Chromosome numbers,

karyotypes and nuclear DNA contents from perennial polyploid groups of

Cerastium (Caryophyllaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 218:13-21.

Bottini, M.C.J., De Bustos A., Jouve, N., Poggio, L. 2002. AFLP characterization

of natural populations of Berberis. Pl. Syst. Evol. 231: 133-142.

Boulos, L. 2000. Flora of Egypt. Al Hadara Publishing, Cairo.

Brett, O.E. 1952. Basic chromosome number in genus Cerastium. Nature 171:

527- 528.

Brett, O.E.1955. Cytotaxonomy of the genus Cerastium species. I. Cytology. New

Phytol. 54:138-148.

Bruun, H.G. 1932. Cytological studies in Primula with special reference to

relation between karyology and taxonomy of the genus. Symb. Bot. Ups.

1: 239.

Burleigh, J.G., Holtsford, T.P. 2003. Molecular systematics of the eastern North

American Silene (Caryophylaceae): Evidence from nuclear ITS and

chloroplast trnL intron sequences. Rhodora 105:76-90.

Burnham, C.R. 1956. The use of chromosomal interchanges to test for the

independence of linkage groups established genetically. Proc. Intl. Genet.

Symp. Tokyo, pp. 453- 456.

Caetano-Pereira, C.M., Pagliarini, M.S., Brasil, E.M. & Martins, E.N. 1995.

Influence of aluminium in causing chromosome stickiness in maize

microsporocytes. Maydica 40: 325-330. Cai, X. & Makaroff, C.A. 2001.

The dsy10 mutation of Arabidopsis results desynapsis and a general

breakdown in meiosis. Sex. Plant Reprod. 14: 63-67.

Calvino, C., O'Leary, N., Greizerstein, E., Martínez, S. & Poggio,

L.2002. Chromosome studies on eight species of Eryngium L.

(Saniculoideae, Apieaceae) from Argentina. Caryologia 55: 315-321.

Camacho, J.P.M., Sharbel, T.F. & Beukeboom, L.W. 2000. B-chromosome

evolution. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. 355: 163-178.

CAMP Report. 1998. Conservation Assessment and Management Plan Workshop.

Organized by FRLHT, Bangalore, Kullu, H.P.

Caputo, P., Frediani, M., Venora, G., Ravalli, C., Ambrosio, M. & Cremonini R.

2006. Nuclear DNA contents, rDNAs and karyotype evolution in

subgenus Vicia. III. The heterogeneous section Hypechusa. Protoplasma

228:167-177.

Carolan, J. C., Ingrid, L., Hook, I., Chase, M. W., Kadereit, J. W. & Hodkinson,

T. R. 2006. Phylogenetics of Papaver and Related Genera Based on DNA

Sequences from ITS Nuclear Ribosomal DNA and Plastid trnL Intron and

trnL–F Intergenic Spacers. Ann. Bot. 98: 141-155.

References

234

Carolina, I., Calvin, O., Patricia, M., Tilney, B., & Downie S. R. 2006. A

molecular phylogenetic study of southern African Apiaceae. Amer. J. Bot.

93: 1828-1847.

Carrillo-Reyes, P., Sosa, V., Mort & M.E. 2009. Molecular phylogeny of the Acre

clade (Crassulaceae): Dealing with the lack of definitions for Echeveria

and Sedum. Molec. Phylogent. Evol. 53: 267-276.

Castiglione, R.M., Frediani, M., Gelati, M.T., Ravalli, C., Venora, G., Caputo, P.

& Cremonini, R. 2011. Cytology of Vicia species. X. Karyotype evolution

and phylogenetic implication in Vicia species of the sections Atossa,

Microcarinae, Wiggersia and Vicia. Protoplasma 248: 707-716.

Cauwet, A.M. 1976. Biosystématique des espèces vivaces de Bupleurum L.

(Umbelliferae) du basin Méditerranèen occidantal. Facicnle

II.Connarssanies actuelles sur le genra. Thèse de Doctorat, Science

National, Perpignan.

Cauwet, A.M. 1968. Contribution a letude caryologique des Ombelliferes de la

partie orintale des Pyrenees Nat. Monspel. (Bot.) 19: 5-27.

Chak, I., Agarwal, R.K. & Kak, A.M. 2009. Ethno-medicinal study of some

important plants used in the treatment of hair and boils in ditrict Pulwama

of Kashmir. Ann. For. 17:101-107.

Cannon, W.A. 1903. Studies in plant hybrids: the spermatogenesis of hybrid

peas. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 519-543.

Carlsen, T., Bleeker, W., Hurka, H., Elven, R. & Brochmann, C. 2009.

Biogeography and phylogeny of Cardamine (Brassicaceae). PLoS ONE

96: 215-236.

Chand, S. & Roy, S.C. 1980. Cytological abnormalities during culture of Nigella

sativa. Protoplasma 104: 353-357.

Chapman, M. 1936. Carpel morphology of the Berberidaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 23:

340-348.

Chase, M. W., Soltis, D. E., Olmstead, R. G., Morgan, D., Les, D.H., Mishler,

B.D., Duvall, M.R. & et al. 1993. Phylogenetics of seed plants: an

analysis of nucleotide sequences from the plastid gene rbcL. Ann.

Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 528-580.

Chaudhary, L.B. and S. K. Srivastava. 2007. Taxonomic and distributional notes

on some Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) in India. Taiwania 52: 25-48.

Chatterjee, A., Ghosh, S. & Roy, S.C. 1989. A cytological survey of Eastern

Himalayan plants III. Cell Chrom. Res. 12: 22-29.

Chatterjee, A. & Sharma, A.K. 1970. Chromosome study in Geraniales. Nucleus

13: 179-200.

Chatterjee, A. & Sharma, A.K. 1972. Cytological Studies on Indian

representatives of the genus Viola. J. Genet. 61: 52-63.

Chatterjee, D. 1940. Studies on the endemic flora of India and Burma. J. Asiat.

Soc. Bengal. Sci. 5: 19-67.

References

235

Chatterjee, P. 1975. In IOPB chromosome number reports XLVIII. Taxon 24:

367–372.

Chauhan, A.K.S. 1981. Cytomixis in Papaver rhoeas. In: Manna, G.K & Sinha,

U. (eds.). Perspectives in Cytology and Genetics. Hindasia Publishers,

New Delhi. pp. 309-312.

Chaurasia, O.P., Khatoon, N. & Singh, S.B. 2004. Field Guide Floral Diversity of

Ladakh.

Chen, C.J., Hoch, P.C. & Raven, P.H. 1992. Systematics of Epilobium

(Onagraceae). Syst. Bot. 34: 1- 209.

Chen, R.Y. (ed.). 1993. Chromosome Atlas of Chinese principal economic plants,

vol. 1, Chromosome Atlas of Chinese fruit trees and their wild relatives.

Beijing: International Academic Publishers.

Chen , Z.D., Ren, H. & Wen, J. 2007. Vitaceae. In: Wu, Z.Y., Hong, D.Y. &

Raven, P.H. (eds.). Flora of China. Science Press and Missouri Botanical

Garden Press, Beijing, China and St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

Cheng, K.C., Nieh, H.W. & Yang, C.L. 1975. Light and electron microscopical

observations on cytomixis and the study of its relation to variation and

evolution. Acta Bot. Sin. 17: 60-69.

Chin, T.C. & Youngken, H.W. 1947. The cytotaxonomy of Rheum Amer. J. Bot.

34: 401-407.

Chowdhuri, P.K. 1957. Studies in the genus Silene. Notes from the Royal Bot.

Garden Edinb 22: 221- 278.

Chung, K.S. 2008. A systematic study of genus Agrimonia (Rosaceae). A Ph.D.

Thesis. Department Of Botany and Microbiology. Univ. of Oklahoma.

Cifuentes, M., Grandont, L., Moore, G., Chévre, A.M. & Jenczewsk, E. 2010.

Genetic regulation of meiosis in polyploid species: new insights into an

old question. New Phytol. 186: 29-36.

Cires, E., Cuesta, C., Peredo E.L., Revilla, M.A. & Fernández Prieto, J.A. 2009.

Genome size variation and morphological differentiation within

Ranunculus parnassifolius group (Ranunculaceae) from calcareous screes

in the Northwest of Spain. Pl. Syst. Evol. 281: 193-208.

Clewell, A.F. 1966. Native North American species of Lespedeza (Leguminosae).

Rhodora 68: 359-405.

Clifton, R. 2000. Geraniales species checklist series Vol. 6, Geraniaceae,

Bentham & Hooker tribe VIII Balsaminaceae. Dover: The Geraniaceae

Group.

Conti, E., Fischbach A. & Sytsma K. J. 1993. Tribal relationships in Onagraceae:

Implications from rbcL sequence data. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80:672-

685.

Consolaro, M.E.L. & Pagliarini, M.S. 1996. Spontaneous chromosome stickiness

in microsporocytes ofCentella asiatica (L.) Urban (Umbelliferae).

Cytologia 61: 57-61.

References

236

Coonen, L.P. 1939. The chromosomes of Ranunculus. Amer. J. Bot. 26: 49-58.

Couceiro, M.A., Afreen, F., Zobayed, S.M.A. & Kozai, T. 2006. Variation in

concentrations of major bioactive compounds of St. John’s wort: effects

of harvesting time, temperature and germplasm. Plant Sci. 170: 128-134.

Cowling, W.A., Biurchell, J.B. & Tapia, E.M. 1998. Lupin (Lupinus L). IPGRI

Publications. pp. 105.

Creomonini, R., Funari, S., Gallasso, I. & Pignone, D.1993. Cytology of Vicia

species II. Bindingpatterns and chromatin organisation in Vicia

atropurpurea Desf. Heredity, 70: 628-633.

Crisci, J.V., Zimmer, E.A., Hoch, P. C., Johnson, G.B., Mudd, C. & Pan, N. 1990.

Phylogenetic implications of ribosomal DNA restriction site variation in

the plant family Onagraceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77: 523-538.

Cronquist, A. 1981. An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants.

(New York: Columbia University Press).

Cronquist, A. 1988. The evolution and classification of flowering plants, 2nd, ed.

New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.

Cronquist, A. 1968. The evolution of classification of flowering plants. Thomas

Nelson and sons Ltd., London.

Cui, L., Wall, P. K., Leebens-Mack, J. H., Lindsay, B. G., Soltis, D., Doyle, J. J.,

Soltis, P.,Carlson, J. E., Arumuganathan, K., Barakat, A., Albert, V., Ma,

H., & dePamphilis, C. W.(2006). Widespread genome duplications

throughout the history of flowering plants. Genome Res. 16: 738-739.

Czapik, R. 1996. Problems of apomictic reproduction in the families Compositae

and Rosaceae. Folia Geobot. Phytatox. 31: 381-387.

Dahlgren, R. 1980. A revised system of classification of the Angiosperms. Bot. J.

Linn. Soc. 80: 91-124.

Darlington, C.D. 1965.Cytology. J. & A. Chrchill Ltd., London.

Darlington, C.D. & Wyile, A.P. 1955. Chromosome Altas of Flowering Plants.

George Allen and Unwin Ltd., London.

Datta, P.C. & Naug, A. 1968. A few strains of Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)

Moench their karyological in relation to phylogeny and organ

development. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen. 45: 113-126.

Dar, A.R., Dar, G.H. & Reshi, Z. 2006. Recovery and restoration of some

critically endangered endemic Angiosperms of the Kashmir Himalaya. J.

Biol. Sci. 6: 985-991.

Dar, G.H., Bhagat, R.C. & Khan, M.A. 2002. Biodiversity of Kashmir the

Himalaya. Valley Book House, Srinagar, Kashmir.

Dar, G.H., Khuroo, A.A., Khan, Z.S & Dar, A.R. 2007. Medicinal Flora of the

Kashmir Himalaya: A Taxonomic Overview. J. Himal. Ecol.

Sust.Develop. 2:13-20.

Dar, G.H., Koul, S.T., Naqshi, A.R., Khuroo, A. A. & Malik, A.H. 2011. A new

species of Corydalis DC. (Fumariaceae) from Kashmir, North-west

Himalaya, India. Taiwania 56: 305-308.

References

237

Dar, G.H., Rashid, T., Naqshi, A.R., Khuroo, A.A. & Malik, A.H. 2010. Two new

species of Papaver L. (Papaveraceae) from Kashmir Himalaya, India.

Pak. J. Bot. 42: 63- 66.

Debnath, H.S., & M.P., Nayar 1993. Papaveraceae. In: Sharma, B. D. and N. P.

Balakrishnan (Eds.), Flora of India 2: 1-33. Botanical Survey of India,

Kolkata, India.

de Candolle, A.P. 1821. Systema naturale, Vol. II. Paris.

de Wet, J.M.J. 1980. Origin of polyploids. In: Lewis, W.H. (ed.). Polyploidy:

Biological Relevance. Plenum Press, New York. pp. 3-16.

Delay, J. 1951. Nombres chromosomiques chez les phanéorgames. Rev. Cytol.

Biol. Végétales 12: 1-368.

Delgado, L., Gallego, F. & Rico, E. 2000. Karyosystematic study of Potentilla L.

subgen. Potentilla (Rosaceae) in the Iberian Peninsula. Bot. J. Linn. Soc.

132: 263–280.

Desfeux, C. 1996. Levolution des systemes de reproduction chez les plantes a

fleurs: modelisation et approches experimentales sur des especes du genre

Silene. Ph.D. thesis, Inst. Nat. Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Paris, France.

Dessai, J. R.N. & Janarthanam, M.K. 2011. The genus Impatiens (Balsaminaceae)

in the northern and parts of central Western Ghats. Rheedea Vol. 21: 23-

80.

Dhar, U. & Kachroo, P. 1983. Alpine Flora of Kashmir Himalayas. Scientific

Publishers, Jodhpur, India.

Dhar, U. & Kachroo, P. 1984. Cytology of some alpine and sub- alpine taxa

Kashmir Himalayas. Chromosome numbers. Herba The Natural History

of the Himalayan mountain and flora of Torrey. Bot. Club. 43: 625-650.

Dhar, U. & Samant, S., 1993. Endemic plant species of Himalaya. Ranunculaceae

to Paeoniaceae. J. Biogeogr. 20: 659-668.

Dickinson, T.A., Lo, E. & Talent, N. 2007. Ploidy, reproductive biology, and

Rosaceae: understanding evolution and making classifications. Pl. Syst.

Evol. 266: 59-78.

Dmitrieva, S.A. 2000. Karyology of the flora of Belarus.Diss. Doc. Biol.

Sci.Minsk. pp. 42.

Dobeš, C., Hahn, B. & Morawetz, W. 1997. Chromosomenzahlen zur

Gefäßpflanzen Flora Österreichs. Linzer Biol. Beitr. 29: 5-43.

Dobeš, C. & Paule, J. 2010. A comprehensive chloroplast DNA-based phylogeny

of the genus Potentilla (Rosaceae): implications for its geographic origin,

phylogeography and generic circumscription. Mol. Phylogenet.Evol. 56:

156-175.

Downie, S.R., Sun, F.-J., Katz- Downie, D.S., & Colletti, G.J. 2004. A

phylogenetic study of Perideridia (Apiaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal

DNA ITS sequences. Syst. Bot. 29: 737-751.

Doyle, J.J. & Egan, A.N. 2010. Dating the origins of polyploidy events. New

Phytol. 86: 73-85.

References

238

Du Praw, E.J. 1970. DNA and Chromosomes. Holt. Rinehurt and Winston, New

York. Dur, H.K., Hyuk, Y.K., Hyun, J.K., Eun, J.C., Man, B.K., Seung,

K.Y., Eun, Y.S.,Young, Y., Young, H.L., In Seong, C. & Yong, K.C.

2005. Inhibition of hepatitis B virus by an aqueous extract of Agrimonia

eupatoria L. Phytother Res. 19: 355-358.

Dutt, M. 1952. Note on cytology of Atropa acuminata Royle ex Lindley. Curr.

Sci. 21: 168-169.

e-flora of China, http://www.efloras.org/flora_page.aspx?flora_id=2.

e-flora of Pakistan, http://www.efloras.org/browse.aspx?flora_id=5.

Ehrendorfer, F.1963. Cytologie, Taxonomie and evolution bei Samenpflan- San

4: 99-186.

Ehrendorfer, F., Krendl, F., Habeler, E. & Sauder, W. 1968. Chromosome

numbers and evolution in primitive Angiosperms. Taxon 17: 337-468.

El-Morsy Sh. I., Dorra, M.D.M., Elham, A.A. A. El-H., Atef, A.A. H. & Ahmed,

Y. M. 2009. Comparative studies on diploid and tetraploid levels of

Nicotiana alata. Acad. J. Pl. Sci. 2: 182-188,

Ellison, A.M., Buckley, H.L., Miller, T.E. & Gotelli, N.J. 2004. Morphological

variation in Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae): geographic,

environmental, and taxonomic correlates. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 1930-1935.

Ellison, N.W., Liston, A., Steiner, J.J., Williams W.M., & Taylor N.L. 2006.

Molecular phylogenetics of the clover genus (Trifolium – Leguminosae).

Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 39: 688-705.

El-Morsy Sh. I., Dorra, M.D.M., El-Hady, E. A.A. Abd., Hiaba, A.A.A. &

Mohamed, A.Y. 2009. Comparative Studies on Diploid and Tetraploid

Levels of Nicotiana alata. Acad. J. Pl. Sci 2: 182-188.

Emadzade, K. & Horandl, E. 2008. Phylogenetic and biogeographical studies of

alpine species of Ranunculus in Eurasia. Xth Symposium of the Int. Org.

Plant Biosyst. Slovakia. pp. O 08.

Emadzade, K., Lehnebach, C., Lockhart, P. & Horandl, E. 2010. A molecular

phylogeny, morphology and classification of genera of Ranunculeae (Ra-

nunculaceae). Taxon 59: 809-828.

Engler, A. 1964. Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien. In: Gebrudev Borntraege

Melehiov, (ed.): Berlin.

Engler, A. 1931. Zygophyllaceae. In A. Engler and K. Prantl (eds.), Die

naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien 19a, 144-184. W. Engelmann, Leipzig.

Erben, M. 1996. The significance of hybridization on the forming of species in the

genus Viola. Bocconea 5: 113-118.

Eriksson, G. 1968. Temperature response of pollen mother cells in Larix and its

importance for pollen formation. Studia Forestalica Suecica 63: 121-132.

Eriksson, T. Hibbs, M.S., Yoder, A.D, Delwiche, C.F, Donoghue, M.J 2003. The

phylogeny of Rosoideae (Rosaceae) based on sequences of the

internaltranscribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the

TRNL/F region of chloroplast DNA. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 164:197-211.

References

239

Ernst, W.R. 1965. Meconopsis in Documented chromosome numbers of plants.

Madrono, 18: 123-126.

Ernst, W. R. 1962. The genera of Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae in the

southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 63: 315-343.

Espert, S.M., Sede, S.M., Ruiz, L.K., Fortunato, R.H. & Poggio, L. 2008. New

chromosome reports in the subtribes Diocleinaeand Glycininae

(Phaseoleae: Papilionoideae: Fabaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158: 336-341.

Esra, M., Akan, H., Ekici, M., & Aytaç, Z. 2008. Karyomorphological studies on

section Bucerates Boiss. of Trigonella L. (Leguminosae) from Turkey.

Caryologia 61: 225- 236.

Evans, R. C., Alice, L.A., Campbell, C.S., Kellogg, E.A. & & Dickinson, T.A.

2000. The granule-bound starch synthase (GBSSI) gene in the Rosaceae:

multiple loci and phylogenetic utility. Molecular Phylogenetics and

Evolution 17: 388–400.

Evans, R. C. & Campbell, C. S. 2002. The origin of the apple subfamily

(Maloideae; Rosaceae) is clarified by DNA sequence data from duplicated

GBSSI genes. Amer. J. Bot. 89: 1478-1484.

Fadaie, F., Sheidai, M. & Asadi, M. 2010. Cytological study the genus Arenaria

L. (Caryophyllaceae). Caryologia 63: 149-156.

Falistocco, E., Tosti, N. & Falcinelli, M. 1995. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells

of diploid Dactylis, one of the origins of 2n gametes. J. Hered. 86: 448-

453.

Falusi, O.A. 2006. Interchromosomal connections and metaphase-1 clumping in

meiosis of two Capsicum L. species in Nigeria. Afr. J. Biotech. 5: 2066-

2068.

Farmer, J. B. & Moore, J. E. S. 1905. On the meiotic phase (reduction divisions)

in animals and plants. Quart. J. Micr. Sci. 48: 489-537.

Favarger, C. 1952. Contribution a letude caryologique et biologique des

Gentianacees. Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. (Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse) 62: 244-

257.

Favarger, C. 1967. Cytologie et distribution des plantes. Biol. Rev. 42: 163-206.

Favarger, C., Galland N. & Kupper P. 1979. Recherches cytotaxonomiques sur la

flore orophile du Maroc. Nat. Monspel., Sér. Bot. 29: 1-64.

Favarger, C. 1962. Nouvelles recherché cytologiques sur les Melastomatacees.

Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. (Bull. Soc. Bot. Suisse) 72: 290-305.

Fedorov, An. A. 1974 (ed.). Chromosome Numbers of Flowering Plants.

Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Komarov Botanical Institute,

Leningard.

Fedtschenko, B.A. 1902. The genus Hedysarum. Acta Hort. Petrop. 19: 185-342.

Fernandez, A., Krapovickas, A., Lavia, G. & Seijo G. 2003. Cromosomas de

Malva´ceas. Bonplandia 12: 141–145.

References

240

Fernandes, A. & Leitao, M.T. 1971. Contribution á la connaissance

cytotaxonomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. III. Caryophyllaceae.

Bol. Soc. Brot. Ser. 45:143-176.

Fernandes, A. & Queiro’s M. 1978. Contribution a la connaissance

cytotaxinomique des Spermatophyta du Portugal. IV.Leguminosae

(Suppl.3). Bol. Soc. Broter. 52: 79-164.

Flemming, W. 1882: Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Zelle

undihrer Lebenserscheinungen, III. Arch. Mikr. Anat. 20: 1-86.

Franzke, A., Pollmann K., Bleeker W., Kohrt R., & Hurka, H. 1998. Molecular

systematics of Cardamine and allied genera (Brassicaceae): ITS and non-

coding chloroplast DNA. Folia Geobot. 33: 225-240.

Frediani, M., Caputo, P., Venora, G., Ravalli, C., Ambrosio, M. & Cremonini, R.

2005. Nuclear DNA contents, rDNAs and karyotype evolution in

subgenus Vicia: II. Section Peregrinae. Protoplasma 226: 181-190.

Fröhner, S. 1995. Alchemilla L. In: Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa. (ed.): G.

Hegi, Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag: Berlin-Wien pp.13-242.

Fryer, J. & Hylmo B. 2009. Cotoneasters: A Comprehensive Guide to Shrubs for

Flowers, Fruit, and Foliage. Timber Press. Portland, Oregon pp. 344.

Fryxell, P.A. 1992. A revised taxonomic interpretation of Gossypium L.

(Malvaceae). Rheedea 2: 108-165.

Fujihashi, H., Akiyama, S. & Ohba, H. 2002. Origin and relationships of the Sino-

Himalayan Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) based on molecular phylogenetic

analysis, chromosome numbers and gross morphology. J. Japn. Bot. 77:

284-295.

Funamota, T., Kondo, K. & Gontcharov, T. 2006. Intraspecific polyploidy of

Parnassia palustris Var. multiseta (Saxifragaceae s. l.) collected in

Primorye and Altai Territories, Russia. Chrom. Bot. 1: 23-26.

Funamoto, T., Kondo K., Hong D. Y., & Ge S. 1995. Karyomorphology of Sedum

aizoon var. aizoon and Viola biflora in Qinghai Province, China. La

Kromosomo 2: 79-80.

Fuzinatto, V.A., Pagliarini, M.S. & Valle, C.B. 2008. Evaluation of

microsporogenesis in an interspecific Brachiaria hybrid (Poaceae)

collected in distinct years. Genet. Mol. Res. 7: 424-432.

Gaeta, R.T. & Pires, J.C. 2010. Homeologous recombination in allopolyploids:

the polyploid ratchet. New Phytol. 186: 18-28.

Ganaie, K.A. & Nawachoo, I.A. 2003. Traditional treatment of toothache by

Gujjar and Bakerwal tribes of Kashmir in India. J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 27:

105-107.

Gates R.R. 1942. Nucleoli and related nuclear structures. Bot. Rev. 8: 337-409.

Gates, R.R. 1911. Pollen formation in Oenothera gigas. Ann. Bot. 25: 909-940.

Gates, R.R. 1909. The stature and chromosomes of Oenothera gigas De Vries.

Arch. f. Zellforschung 3: 525-552.

References

241

Gehrig, H., Gaussmann, O., Marx, H., Schwarzott, D. & Kluge, M. 2001.

Molecular phylogeny of the genus Kalanchoë (Crassulaceae) inferred

from nucleotide sequences of the ITS-1 and ITS-2 regions. Plant Sci. 160:

827-835.

Gehrke, B., Bräuchler, C., Romoleroux, K., Lundberg, M., Heubl, G. & Eriksson

T. 2008. Molecular phylogenetics of Alchemilla, Aphanes and Lachemilla

(Rosaceae) inferred from plastid and nuclear intron and spacer DNA

sequences, with comments on generic classification. Molec. Phylogen.

Evol. 47: 1030–1044.

Gentscheff, G. 1937. Experimental and caryological investigation of the

relationship among the species of the genus Dianthus L. Diss. Univ. Sofia

pp.1-55.

Gentcheff, G. & Gustafsson, A. 1940. Parthenogenesis and pseudogamy in

Potentilla. Bot. Not. 3: 109-132.

Ghaffari, S.M., & Bidmeshkipwor, A. 2002. Presence and behaviour of B-

chromosomes in Acanthophyllum laxiusculun (Caryophyllaceae).

Genetica 115: 319-323.

Ghaffari, S.M.2004. Cytotaxonomy of some species of Acathophyllum

(Caryophyllaceae) from Iran. Biologia 59: 53-60.

Ghaffari, S.M., Karimzadeh, G. & Najafi, A.A. 2009. Occurrence of reciprocal

translocations in Lathyrus boissieri Sirj (Fabaceae) from Iran. Cytologia

74: 195-199.

Ghaffari, S.M.2006. Occurrence of diploid and polyploid microspores in Sorghum

bicolor (Poaceae) is the result of cytomixis. Afr. J. Biotech. 5: 1450-1453.

Gholipour, A. & Sheidai, M. 2010. Karyotype analysis and new chromosome

number reports in Silene L. species (Sect. Auriculatae, Caryophyllaceae).

Biologia 65: 23-27.

Ghosh, A.K. 1980. Chromosome number of Trigonella spinosa. Curr. Sci.

49:154-155.

Gibby, M., Hinnah, S., Marais, E.M. & Albers F. 1996. Cytological variation and

evolution within Pelargonium section Hoarea (Geraniaceae). Pl. Syst.

Evol. 203: 111-142.

Gill, B.S. & Gupta, R.C. 1979. Karyotypic studies in some Northwest Indian taxa

of Compositae. In: Bir, S.S. (ed.) Recent Reseachers in Plant Sciences.

Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, pp. 302-311.

Gill, B.S. & Singhal, V.K. 1991. Intraspecific variability in Syzygium cumini. J.

Tree Sci. 10: 23-26.

Gill, B.S. & Singhal, V.K. 1998. Chromosomes, chromosomal techniques and

chromosomal evaluation in trees. In: Mandal, A.K. & Gibson, G.L. (eds.).

Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding. CBS Publ. & Dist., New Delhi.

pp.167-183.

Gill, B.S. & Singhal, V.K. 2002. Status of genetic diversity in Indian hardwoods,

In: Vij, S. P., Kanda, A., Sharma, M.L. & Gupta, A. (eds.). Plant Genetic

References

242

Diversity: Exploration, Evaluation and Conservation. Affiliation East

West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. pp. 167-179.

Gill, B.S., Bir, S.S., Sidhu, M.S. & Singhal, V.K. 1984. In IOPB chromosome

number reports LXXXIV. Taxon 33: 538.

Gill, B.S., Singhal, V.K. & Dhaliwal, R.S. 2006. Status of cytogenetical diversity

in Northwest Indian Jamun. J. Cytol. Genet. 7: 87-90.

Gill, B.S., Singhal, V.K., Bedi, Y.S. & Bir, S.S. 1990. Cytological evolution in

the woody taxa of Pachmarhi Hills. J. Cytol. Genet. 25: 308-320.

Gill, L.S. 1969. A note on the cytomorphology of Taraxacum officinale complex

from N.W. Himalayas. Bull. Bot. Surv. India. 11: 250-206.

Gill, L.S. 1970. Cytological observations on West Himalayas Labiatae: Tribe

Stachydeae. Phyton (Buenos Aires) 27: 177-184.

Gill, L.S. 1971. Chromosome numbers in certain West Himalayan bicarpellate

species. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 98: 281.

Gohil, R.N & Raina, R. 1987. Polyploidy accompanied by structural alterations in

the evolution of Hesperis matronalis L. Cytologia 52: 223-228.

Gohil, R.N. & Bali, P.S. 1973. A new base number for the genus Gypsophila.

Curr. Sci. 7: 256.

Gohil, R.N. & Kaul, R. 1978. Genetic stocks of Kashmir Papavers, II. Nucleus

21: 219-223.

Gohil, R.N. & Koul, A.K. 1978. Structural hybridity in Allium consanguineum.

Cytologia 43: 243-247.

Gohil, R.N. & Koul, K.K. 1990. Cytological studies on some Kashmir grasses II.

Cytomixis in three fodder grasses. J. Indian Bot. Soc. 69: 447-451.

Gohil, R.N. & Rathar, G.M. 1986. Cytogenetic studies of some members of

Polygonaceae of Kashmir III. Rheum L. Cytologia 51: 693-700.

Gohil, R.N. & Rather, G.M. 1986. Cytogenetics studies of some members of

Polygonaceae of Kashmir. III. Rheum L. Cytologia 51: 693-700.

Gohil, R.N. 1979. Structural heterozygosity in tetraploid Allium platyspathum.

Bot. Not. 132: 325-328.

Gohil, R.N., Ashraf, M. & Koul, K.K. 1991. Selective clumping of meiotic

chromosomes in Astragalus tibetanus and Agrostis pilosula. Cell Chrom.

Res. 14: 72-73.

Gohil, R.N., Raina, R. & Ashruf, M. 1981. In IOPB chromosome number reports

LXXII. Taxon 30: 694-708.

Gohil, R.N., Rathar, G.M., Tahir, I. & Farooq, S. 1983. Comparative cytology,

growth and grain composition of west Himalayan buckwheats. Proc. 2nd

Intl. Symp. Buckwhweat Miyazakai. pp. 87-101.

Goldblatt, P. (ed.) 1981, 1984, 1985, 1988. Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers

1975-1978, 1979-1981, 1982-1983, 1984-1985. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Mo.

Bot. Gard. USA. Vols. 5, 8, 13, 23.

Goldblatt, P. & Johnson, D.E. (eds.) 1990, 1991, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2003.

Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers 1986-1987, 1988-1989, 1990-

References

243

1991,1992-1993, 1994-1995, 1996-1997, 1998-2000, 2001-2003.

Monogr. Syst. Bot. Mo. Bot. Gard. USA. Vols. 30, 40, 51, 58, 69, 81, 94,

106.

Golubovskaya, I.N. 1989. Meiosis in maize: mei genes and conception of genetic

control of meiosis. Adv. Genet. 26: 149-192.

Gömürgen, A.N., Doğan, C., Özmen, E., Başer, B. & Altinözlü, H. 2011.

Chromosome number, karyotype analysis and pollen morphology of

Turkish endemic Tordylium elegans (Boiss. & Bal.) Alava & Hub.-Mor.

(Apiaceae). Pak. J. Bot. 43: 1803-1807.

Goodson, B.E., Santos-Guerra, A. & Jansen, R.K. 2006. Molecular systematics of

Descurainia (Brassicaceae) in the Canary Islands: biogeographic and

taxonomic implications. Taxon 55: 671-682.

Govindarajan, T. & Subramanian, D. 1986. Karyotaxonomy of south Indian

Balsamina- ceae. Cytologia 51: 107-116.

Grant, V. 1981. Plant Speciation. Columbia University Press, New York, USA.

Grant, V. 1982a. Periodicities in the chromosome numbers of the Angiosperms.

Bot. Gas. 143: 379-389.

Grant, V. 1982b. Chromosome number patterns in primitive Angiosperms. Bot.

Gas.143: 390- 394.

Grant, V. 1963. The origin of Adaptations. Columbia Univ. Press, New York.

Gregory, W.C. 1941. Phylogenetic and cytological studies in the Ranunculaceae

Juss. Transact. Amer. Micros. Soc. 31: 443-521.

Greenberg, A.K. & Donoghue, M.J. 2011. Molecular systematics and character

evolution in Caryophyllaceae. Taxon 60: 1637-1652.

Gregor, T., Rollik, J. & Weising, K. 2002: RAPD-Untersuchungen und

Chromosomenzählungen in der Potentilla-collina-Gruppe (Rosaceae).

Berichte der Bayerische Botanische Gesellschaft 72: 159-167.

Greuter, W. 1995. Silene (Caryophylaceae) in Greece: A subgeneric and sectional

classification. Taxon 44:543-581.

Grey-Wilson, C.1989. A revision of Sumatran Impatiens. Studies in

Balsaminaceae: VIII. Kew Bull. 44: 67-105.

Grey-Wilson, C. 1980. Impatiens of Africa. A.A. Balkema., Rotterdam.

Guan, J.Z., Wang, J.J., Cheng, Z.H., Liu, Y. & Li, Z.Y. 2012. Cytomixis and

meiotic abnormalities during microsporogenesis are responsible for male

sterility and chromosome variations in Houttuynia cordata. Genet. Mol.

Res. 11: 121-130.

Gupta, P.K. & Priyadarshan, P.M.1982. Triticale: present status and future

prospects. Adv. Genet. 21: 255-345.

Gupta, R.C. & Gill, B.S. 1983. Natural triploidy in Blumea fistulosa Kurz.

(Compositae) Curr. Sci. 52: 43.

Gupta, R.C. & Gill, B.S. 1984. Cytological investigations on Central Indian

Compositae. Cytologia 49: 427-435.

References

244

Gupta, R.C. & Gill, B.S. 1987. Cytological evolution of Indian Compositae.

Aspects of Plant Sciences. Sp. Vol. Cytogenetics in India 9: 165-198.

Gupta, R.C., Gill, B.S. & Garg, R.K. 1989. Chromosomal conspectus of

Himalayan Compositae. In: Trivedi, M.L., Gill, B.S. &Saini, S.S. (eds.).

Plant Science Research in India: Present Status and Future Challenges.

Today and Tomorrow Book Sellers and Publishers, New Delhi. pp. 427-

437.

Gupta, R.C., Himshikha, Rana, P.K., Kumar, P. & Singhal, V.K. 2010. First

report of structural heterozygosity in Artemisia parviflora (Asteraceae)

from Parvati Valley in Kullu District (Himachal Pradesh, India). Bot.

Serb. 34: 63-66.

Gupta, R.C., Himshikha. Kumar, P. & Dhaliwal, R.S. 2009. Cytological studies in

some plants from cold deserts of India, Lahaul and Spiti (Himachal

Pradesh). Chrom. Bot. 4: 5-11.

Gustafsson, A.1948. Polyploidy, life-form and vegetative reproduction. Hereditas

34:1-22

Guzicka, M. & Wozny, A. 2005. Cytomixis in shoot apex of Norway spruce

[Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. Trees 18: 722-724.

Habib, A.F. & Chennaveeraiah, M.S. 1976. Cytomixis in Capsicum annuum L. J.

Cytol. Genet. 11: 51-55.

Haga, T. 1946. Chromosome breakage. La Kromosoma 1: 31-41.

Hagen, A.R., Saether, T., Borgen, L., Elven, R., Stabbetorp, O.E. & Brochmann,

C. 2002. The arctic- alpine polyploids cerastium alpinum and C.

nigresceens (Caryophyllaceae) in a sympatric situation: breakdown of

species integrity? Pl. Syst. Evol. 230: 203-219.

Hajra, P.K., Nair, V.J. & Daniel, P. (eds.). 1997. Flora of India. Vol. 4. Bot. Surv.

India, Calcutta.

Hakansson, A. 1926. Zur Zytologie von Celsia and Verbascum.Acta Univ. Lund.

(Lunds Univ. Arsskr.) Avd. 2, 21: 1- 47.

Haleema, A., Gupta, R.C., Siddique, M.A.A., Bhat, M.A. & Nazki, I.T. 2005.

Exploration on the Morphological diversity in Podophyllum hexandrum

Royle in Kashmir Himalayas. J. Pb. Acad. Sci. 2: 93-98.

Hamal, I. A., Langer, A. & Koul, A. K. 1986. Nucleolar organizing region in the

Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 154: 11-30.

Hamal, I.A. & Koul, A.K. 1988. Cytotaxonomic analysis of the Himalayan

species of the genus Torilis (Apiaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 159: 185-192.

Hamal, I.A., & Koul, M., 1986. B-chromosomes in Ligusticum thomsonii var.

evolutior C.B.Clarke (Umbelliferae). Cytologia 51: 427-432.

Haq, Eu., Dar, G. H., Wafai, & Khuroo, A.A. 2010. A new species of Carex

(Cyperaceae) from the Kashmir Himalaya, India. Rheedea 20: 29-31.

Haq, Eu, Dar, G. H., Wafai, B. A. & Khuroo, A.A. 2011. Carex brownii

Tuckermen (Cyperaceae) – a new record for India. Pleione 5: 325-327.

References

245

Haq, F., Ahmad, H. & Alam, M. 2011. Traditional uses of medicinal plants of

Nandiar Khuwarr catchment (District Battagram), Pakistan. J. Med. Plants

Res. 5: 39-48.

Haque, M.S. & Ghoshal, K.K. 1980. Behaviour of meiotic chromosomes with

special reference to their relationship in pollen steriltiy of Salvia L.

Cytologia 45: 743-752. Harbaugh, D.T. M., Nepokroeff, R.K., Rabeler,

McNeill, J., Zimmer, E.A. & Wagner, W.L. 2010. A new lineage-based

tribal classification of the family Caryophyllaceae. Int. J. Pl.Sci. 171: 185-

198.

Harlan, J.R. & de Wet, J.M.J. 1975. On O. Winge and a prayer: the origins of

polyploidy. Bot. Rev. 41: 361-390.

Haroun, S.A. 1995. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Polygonum tomentosum

Schrank. Cytologia 60: 257-260.

Haroun, S.A. 1996. Induced cytomixis and male sterility in pollen mother cells of

Hordeum vulgare L. Delta J. Sci. 20: 172-183.

Haroun, S.A., Al Shehri, A.M. & Al Wadie, H.M. 2004. Cytomixis in the

microsporogenesis of Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae). Cytologia 69: 7-11.

Hayirlioğlu-Ayaz S, İnceer H, Frost-Olsen P. 2006. Chromosome counts in the

genus Alchemilla (Rosaceae) from SW Europe. Folia Geobot. 41:335-344.

Hedberg, I. & Hedberg, O. 1977. Chromosome numbers of afroalpine and

afromontane Angiosperms. Bot. Not. 130: 1-24.

Hedge, I.C. 1976. A systematic and geographical survey of the Old World

Cruciferae. In: J.G. Vaughn, A.J. MacLeod and B.M.G. Jones (eds.), The

biology and chemistry of the Cruciferae. Academic Press, London. pp. 1-

45.

Heidary S., Marashi H., Farsi M. & Kakhki A. M. 2009. Assessment of genetic

structure and variation of native Berberis populations of Khorasan

provinces (Iran) using AFLP markers versus morphological markers.

Iranian J. Biotec. 7: 34-45.

Heimburger, M. 1959. Cytotaxonomic studies in the genus Anemone. Can. J. Bot.

37:587-612.

Heitz, E. 1926. Der Nachweis der Chromosomen. Vergleichende Studien über

ihre Zahl, Grosse und Form im Planzenreich. I. Z. Bot. 18: 625-681.

Hejazi, H., Mohsen, M. & Nasab, M.Z. 2010. Cytotaxonomy of some Onobrychis

(Fabaceae) species and populations in Iran. Caryologia 63: 18-31.

Hekking, W.H.A. 1988. Violaceae Part I-Rinorea and Rinoreocarpus. Flora

Neotropica Monograph 46.

Hellmayr, E. M., Kiehn, M. & Weber A. 1994. Chromosome numbers of Malayan

rainforest Angiosperms. Beitr. Biol. Pflanzen 68: 51-71.

Henderson, D.M.1965. The pollen morphology of Meconopsis. Grana Palynol.

6:191-209

References

246

Heslop-Harrison, J. 1966. Cytoplasmic connections between angiosperm

meiocytes. Ann. Bot. 30: 221-234.

Heywood, V.H. 1971. The Leguminosae- a systematic review. In: Harbourn, J.B.,

Boulter, D. & Turner, B.L.(eds.). Chemotaxonomy of the Leguminosae.

Academic Press, London and NewYork. pp.1-29.

Hill, M. 1982. In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXIV. Taxon 31: 128.

Himshikha., Kumar, P., Gupta, R.C., Kumari, S. & Singhal, V.K. 2010. Impact of

chromatin transfer and spindle abnormalities on pollen fertility and pollen

size in Plantago lanceolata L. Cytologia 75: 421-426.

Hodálová, I., Crulich, V., Horová, L., Valachovic, M. & Marhold, K. 2007.

Ocurrence of tetraploid and octoploid cytotypes in Senecio jacobaea ssp.

Jacobaea (Asteraceae) in Pannonia and the Carpathians. Bot. J. Linn.

Soc. 153: 231-242.

Hollingsworth, P.M., Gornall, R.J. & Bailey, J.P. 1992. Contribution to a

cytological catalogue of the British and Irish flora, 2. Watsonia 19: 134-

137.

Holmgren, P.K. & Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Index Herbariorum: A Global

Directory of Public Herbaria and Associated Staff. New York Botanical

Garden's Virtual Herbarium. http://sweetgum.nybg.org/ih/. [Continuously

updated].

Hong, D.Y. 1990. Plant Cytotaxonomy. pp. 300-304. Science Press, Beijing (in

Chinese).

Hooker, J. D. 1862. Rhamnaceae. In G. Bentham and J. D. Hooker (eds.), Genera

Plantarum 1: 371-386. Reeve and Co., London, UK.

Hooker, J.D. 1874. The Flora of British India. Vol. 1. L. Reeve & Co., Ashford,

Kent, England.

Hooker, J.D. 1879. The Flora of British India. Vol. 2. L. Reeve & Co., Ashford,

Kent, England.

Hoot, S.B., Magallon, P.R. & Crane, P.R. 1999. Phylogeny of basal eudicots

based on three molecular data set: atpB, rbcl, and 18s nuclear ribosomal

DNA sequences. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 86: 1-32.

Hörandl, E., 2004. Comparative analysis of genetic divergence among sexual

ancestors of apomictic complexes using isozyme data. Int. J. Plant Sci.

165: 615- 622.

Hörandl, E., Paun, O., Johansson, J.T., Lehnebach, C., Armstrong, T., Chen, L. &

Lockhart, P. 2005. Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary traits in

Ranunculus s.l. (Ranunculaceae) inferred from ITS sequence analysis.

Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 36: 305- 327.

Hosgören, H. 2006. Total numbers of chromosome numbers in species of

Onobrychis miller (Fabaceae) in Southeastern Anatholia region.

Biotechnol. & Biotechnol. Eq. 20: 57-61.

http://www.ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do.

References

247

Huber, W.1988. Naturliche Bastardierungen zwischen weibluhenden

RanunculusArten in den Alpen.Ver off Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rubel

Zurich 100:1-160.

Hughes, C.E. & Eastwood, R.J. 2006. Island radiation on a continental scale:

exceptional rates of species diversification after uplift of the Andes. Proc.

Nat. Acad. Sci., USA 103: 10334-10339.

Huang, R.F., Shen, S.D. & Lu, X.F. 1996. Studies on the chromosome number

and polyploidy for a number of plants in the north-east Qinghai-Xizang

Plateau. Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 16: 310-318.

Hummer, K.E. 1996. Rubus diversity. Hort. Science 31: 182-183.

Hurka, H., & Neuffer, B. 1997. Evolutionary processes in the genus Capsella

(Brassicaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 206: 295-316.

Hurst, C.C. 1928. Differential polyploidy in the genus Rosa L. Z. Indukt.

Abstammungs Vererbungsl. Supplement 2: 866-906.

Husain, S.A. 1986. Cytotaxonomic studies in Tribulus from Pakistan.

Kromosomo 42: 1316-1329.

Hussain, K., Shahazad, A. & Hussnain, S. Z. 2008. An Ethnobotanical Survey of

Important Wild Medicinal Plants of Hattar District Haripur, Pakistan.

Ethnobotanical Leaflets 12: 29-35.

Husband, B.C. 2000. Constraints on polyploid evolution: a test of the minority

cytotype exclusion principle. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci.

267: 217-223.

Hutchinson, J. 1964. The genera of flowering plants, vol. I. Oxford University

Press, London.

ILDIS, 1999. International Legume Database and information Service.

http://www. ildis. org/

Imbert ,T.F. 1998. Discovery of podophyllotoxins. Biochimie 80: 207-222.

Inamdar, A.C. 1988. Embryology of Aspragus racemosus Wild. var. javanica

Baker. Biovigyanam 14: 64-68.

Iqbal, M. & Siddique, M.A.A. 2004. Prospects of establishing plant based

pharamaticual units in Kashmir. Plant Resource Management for

Entrepreneeurship Development pp.1-6.

Izmailow, R. 1982. Further karyological studies in species of Alchemilla L. from

the series Calycinae Bus. (section Brevicaulon Rothm.). Acta Biol. Craco,

ser. Bot. 24: 127-141.

Janaki-Ammal, E.K.1953. Chromosomes and the species problem in the genus

Viburnum. Curr. Sci. 22: 4-6.

Janaki-Ammal, E.K. & Saunders, B. 1952. Chromosome numbers in species of

Lonicera. Kew Bull. 4: 539-542.

Jansen, R.K., Kaittanis, C., Lee, S.B., Saski, C., Tomkins, J., Alverson, A.J. &

Daniell, H. 2006. Phylogenetic analyses of Vitis (Vitaceae) based on

complete chloroplast genome sequences: effects of taxon sampling and

References

248

phylogenetic methods on resolving relationships among rosids. BMC

Evol. Biol. 6: 32.

Janssens, S., Geuten, K., Yuan, Y.M., Song, Y., Kupfer, P. & Smets, E. 2006.

Phylogenetics of Impatiens and Hydrocera (Balsaminaceae) Using

Chloroplast atpB-rbcL Spacer Sequences. Syst. Bot. 31: 171-180.

Jash, M. & Sharma, A. 1970. Cytotaxonomy of some Indian Onagraceae. Plant

Sci. 2:17-33.

Jauhar, P.P. & Crane, C.F. 1990. Meiotic behavior and effects of B-chromosomes

in tall fescue. Heredity 81: 156-159.

Jarolĭmovă, V. 1994. Chromosome counts of some Cuban Angiosperms. Fol.

Geobot. Phytotax. 29: 101-106.

Javůrková-Jarolímová, V. 1992. [Reports]. pp. 46-70 In: Měsíček, J. &

Javůrková-Jarolímová, V., List of chromosome numbers of the Czech

vascular plants. Praha: Academia.

Javadi, H. 2006. Study of karyotype in three Astragalus species. Pajouhesh &

Sazandegi. 73: 131-135.

Jee, V., Dhar, U. & Kachroo, P. 1983. Chromosome numbers of some alpine-

subalpine taxa of Kashmir Himalaya. Herba Hungarica 22: 23-31.

Jee, V., Dhar, U. & Kachroo, P. 1987. Addition to the cytological conspectus of

alpine-subalpine flora of Kashmir Himalaya. Herba Hungarica 43: 7-9.

Jee, V., Dhar, U. & Kachroo, P. 1989. Cytogeography of some endemic taxa of

Kashmir Himalaya.Proc. Indian natl. Sci. Acad. 55B: 177-184.

Jeelani, S.M., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2012. Meiotic studies in some selected

Angiosperms from the Kashmir Himalayas. J. Syst. Evol. 50: 244-257.

Jeelani, S.M., Rani, S., Kumar, S., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011a. Meiotic

studies in some members of Caryophyllaceae Juss. from the Western

Himalayas Acta Biol. Craco, Ser. Bot. 53: 86-95.

Jeelani, S.M., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011b. In IOPB Chromosome Number

Reports. Taxon 60: 1788-1789.

Jeelani, S.M., Rani, S., Kumar, S., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011c. Evaluation

of cytomorphological diversity in Filipendula vestita (Wall. ex G. Don.)

Maxim., (Rosaceae) from Western Himalayas. Cytologia 76: 403-410.

Jeelani, S.M., Rani, S., Kumar,S., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2010.

Cytomorphological diversity in species of Impatiens Linn.

(Balsaminaceae) from Western Himalayas (India). Cytologia 75: 379-387.

Jiang, Y, Ding, C, Yue, H. & Yang, R. 2011. Meiotic behavior and pollen fertility

of five species in the genus Epimedium. Afr. J. Biotech.10:16189-16192.

Jiao, Y., Wickett, N.J., Ayyampalayam, S., Chanderbali, A.S., Landherr, L.,

Ralph P. E., Tomsho, L.P. & et al. 2011. Ancestral polyploidy in seed

plants and Angiosperms. Nature 473: 97-100.

References

249

Johnson, D.S. 1910. Studies in the development of the Piperaceae.I. The

suppression and extension of sporogenous tissue in flower of Piper betle

L. var. monoicum C.DC. Jahrb. Exp. Zool. 9: 715-749.

Johri, B.M., Ambegaokar, K.B. & Srivastava, P.S. 1992. Comparative

embryology of Angiosperms. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.

Jones, C.S. & Price, R.A. 1996. Diversity and evolution of seedling Baupläne in

Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Aliso 14: 281-295.

Jones, K. & Smith, J.B. 1966. The cytogeography of Impatiens L.

(Balsaminaceae). Kew Bull. 20: 63-72.

Jones, N. & Houben, A. 2003. B chromosomes in plants: Escapees from the A

chromosome genome? Trends Plant Sci. 8: 417-423.

Jones, R. N. 1995. Tansley review no. 85: B chromosomes in plants. New Phytol.

131: 411-434.

Jones, R.N. & Rees, H.B. 1982. Chromosomes. Academic Press, London.

Jones, R.N. 1978. Aspects of chromosome evolution in higher plants. In:

Woodhouse, H.W. (ed.). Advances Bot. Res. 6: 120-191.

Jones, R.N. 1981. Widespread occurrence of B-chromosomes. Bionature 1: 63-

73.

Jones, R.N., Viegas, W. & Houben, A. 2008. A century of B chromosomes in

plants: so what? Ann. Bot. 101: 767-775.

Joshi, A.B. & Hardas, M.W. 1953. Chromosome numbers of Abelmoschus

tuberculatus Pal & Singh- a species related to the cultivated bhindi. Curr.

Sci. 22: 384-385.

Judd, W.S. & Olmstead, R.G. 2004 A survey of tricolpate (eudicot) phylogenetic

relationships. Amer. J. Bot. 91: 1627-1644.

Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellogg, E.A. & Stevens, P.F. 1999. Plant

systematics: A phylogenic approach. Sinaver Associates Inc, Sunderland.

Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellogg, E.A., Stevens, P.F. & Donoghue, M.J.

2002. Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach, ed. 2. Sunderland,

MA: Sinauer, New York, USA.

Kachroo, P., Sapru, B.L. & Dhar, U. 1977. Flora of Ladakh. Bishen Singh

Mahendra Pal Singh. Dehra Dun.

Kadereit, J.W. 1988. Sectional affinities and geographical distribution in the

genus Papaver L. (Papaveraceae). Beitra¨ge zur Biologie der Pflanzen

63:139-156.

Kadereit, J.W. 1990. Some suggestions on the geographical origin of the central,

west and north European synantropic species of Papaver L. Bot. J. Linn.

Soc.103: 221-231.

Kadereit, J.W. 1993. Papaveraceae. In: Kubitzki K (ed.) The families and genera

of vascular plants, vol. 2 (Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid

families). Springer, Berlin, pp. 494-506.

Kadereit, J.W., Schwarzbach, A.E. & Jork, K.B. 1997. The phylogeny of Papaver

s. l. (Papaveraceae): polyphyly or monophyly? Pl. Syst. Evol. 204: 75-98.

References

250

Kajita, T., Ohashi, H., Tateishi, Y., Bailey, C.D. & Doyle, J.J. 2001. rbcL and

legume phylogeny, with particular reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae,

and allies. Syst. Bot. 26: 515-536.

Kalkman, C. 1988. Phylogeny of Rosaceae. Bot. J. Lin. Soc. 98: 37-59.

Kalkman, C. 2004. Rosaceae. pp. 343-386. In K. Kubitzki, (ed). The families and

genera of vascular plants. VI. Flowering plants. Dicotyledons.

Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales, Ericales. Springer, Berlin.

Kapoor, B.M. & Löve, A. 1970. Chromosomes of Rocky Mountain Ranunculus.

Caryologia 23: 575- 594.

Kapoor, B.M. 1978. Supernumerary chromosomes of some of Solidago and

related taxon. Caryologia 31: 315-330.

Kashin, A.S. 1999. The structure of agamocomplexes and the problem of saltatory

speciation in Angiosperms. Bot Zurn 84: 15-29.

Kaufman, B.P. 1956. Cytological studies of changes induced in cellular materials

by ionizing radiations. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 59: 1-53.

Kaul, M.K. 1997. Medicinal Plants of Kashmir and Ladakh, Temperate and Cold

arid Himalaya. New Delhi.

Kaul, M.K. & Bakshi, S.K. 1984. Studies on the genus Artemesia L. in North-

west Himalaya with particular reference to Kashmir. Folia Geobotanica et

Phytotax. 19: 299-31.

Kaul, M.K. 1986. Weed flora of Kashmir Valley. Scientific Publishers, India pp.

89.

Kaur, D. & Singhal, V.K. 2010. In IAPT/IOPB chromosome number reports 9.

Taxon 59: 1300-1301, E8–E14.

Kaur, H., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011b. In IOPB Chromosome Number

Reports. Taxon 60: 1789.

Kaur, H., Mubarik, N., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011a. In IOPB Chromosome

Number Reports. Taxon 60: 1220-1223.

Kaur, S., Singhal, V.K. & Kumar, P. 2010. Male meiotic studies in some plants of

Polypetalae from Dalhousie hills (Himachal Pradesh). Cytologia 75: 289-

297.

Khamidullina, E.A., Gromova, A.S., Lutsky, V.I. & Owen, N.L. 2006. Natural

products from medicinal plants: non-alkaloidal natural constituents of the

Thalictrum species. Nat. Prod. Rep. 23:117-129.

Khan, Z., Gupta, H., Ansari, M.Y.K. & Chaudhary, S. 2009. Methyl

methanesulphonate induced chromosomal variations in a medicinal plant

Cichorium intybus L. during microsporogenesis. Biol. Med. 1: 66-69.

Khan, Z.S., Khuroo, A.A. & Dar, G.H. 2004. Ethno-medicinal Survey of Uri, in

the Kashmir Himalaya. Ind. J. Trad. Knowl. 3: 351-357.

Khare, C.P. 2007. (ed.). Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary.

Springer.

Khatoon, S. & Ali, S.I. 1993. Chromosome Atlas of the Angiosperms of Pakistan.

Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi.

References

251

Khatoon, S. 1991. Polyploidy in the flora of Pakistan – an analytical study. Ph.D.

thesis, Univ. of Karachi, Pakistan.

Khodashenas, M. & Assadi, A. 2007. A taxonomic revision of the genus

sisymbrium (Brassicaceae) in Iran. Iran. Journ. Bot. 13: 49-52.

Khoshoo, T.N. & Bhatia, S.K. 1963. Cytology of some Rubiaceae of northwest

Himalayas. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 58: 36-44.

Khoshoo, T.N. & Singh N. 1963. Cytology of Northwest Indian trees. Silvae

Genet. 12: 158-174.

Khoshoo, T.N. & Tandon, S.R. 1963. Cytological, morphological and pollination

studies of some Himalayan species of Swertia. Caryologia 16: 445-477.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1955a. Cytology of Impatiens. Curr. Sci. 24: 423-424.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1955b. Biosystematics of Sisymbrium irio Complex. Nature 176:

608.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1957. Cytology of some Impatiens species. Caryologia 10: 55-74.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1959. Biosystematics of Sisymbrium irio complex. III, IV, V.

Caryologia 11: 297-333.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1960. Basic chromosome numbers of Silene and Saponaria.

Nature 186: 412-413.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1966. Cytology of pollen with particular reference to Impatiens

and Allieae. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 63: 35-45.

Khoshoo, T.N. 1979. Cytogenetics in relation to plant evolution and crop

improvement. Prog. Plant Res. Silv. Jubilee. Publ. Natl. Bot. Res. Inst. 2:

1-74.

Khosla, P.K. & Mehra, P.N. 1973. In IOPB chromosome number reports XLII.

Taxon 22: 647-654.

Khosla, P.K. & Sareen, T.S. 1981. Cytological characteristics and chromosomal

system of forest trees. In: Khosla, P.K. (ed.). Advances in Forest

Genetics. Ambica Publishers, New Delhi. pp.117-156.

Khuroo, A.A., Rashid, I., Reshi, Z., Dar, G.H. & Wafai, B.A. 2007. Allien flora

of Kashmir Himalaya, Biological Invasions, 9: 269-292.

Kim, Y.-D. & Jansen, R.K. 1998. Chloroplast DNA restriction site variation and

phylogeny of the Berberidaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 85: 1766-1778.

Kim, Y.-D., Kim, S.H., Kim, C.H. & Jansen, R.K. 2004. Phylogeny of

Berberidaceae based on sequence of the chloroplast gene ndhF. Biochem.

Sys. Eco. 32: 291-301.

Kim, Y.-D., Kim, S.H., Landrum, L.R. 2004. Taxonomic and phytogeographic

implica- tions from ITS phylogeny in Berberis (Berberidaceae). J. Plant

Res. 117: 175-182.

Kim, J.S., Oginuma, K. & Tobe, H. 2009. Syncyte formation in the

microsporangium of Chrysanthemum (Asteraceae): a pathway to

intraspecific polyploidy. J. Plant Res. 122: 439- 444.

Kishore, H. 1931. A note on chromosome number of some plants. Ind. Jour.

Genet. 11: 217.

References

252

Klyuchareva, M.V. 1983. Extrusion of nuclear material in proembryos in

graminaceous plants. Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 269: 509-512.

Knaben, G. 1950. Chromosome numbers of Scandinavian arctic-alpine plants.I.

Blyttia 8: 129-155.

Koch , M.A. & Al-Shehbaz I. A. 2009. Molecluar systematics and evolution of “

wild ” crucifers (Brassicaceae or Cruciferae). In: Gupta, S. (ed.). Biology

and breeding of crucifers, 1-18. Taylor and Francis Group, London, UK.

Koch M.A., Haubold B. & Mitchell-Olds T. 2001. Molecular systematics of the

Brassicaceae evidence from coding plastidic matK and nuclear Chs

sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 534-544.

Koch, M. A. & Kiefer, C. 2006. Molecules and migration: biogeographical

studies in cruciferous plants. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 121-142.

Koch, M., Bishop, J. & Mitchell-Olds, T. 1999. Molecular systematics and

evolution and Arabidopsis and Arabis. Plant Biol. 1: 529-537.

Koch, M., Haubold, B. & Mitchell-Olds, T. 2000. Comparative evolutionary

analysis of the chalcone synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase loci among

different lineages of the Arabidopsis, Arabis and related genera

(Brassicaceae). Molec. Biol. Evol. 17: 1483-1498.

Koch, M.A., & Kiefer, M. 2005. Genome evolution among cruciferous plants: A

lecture from the comparison of the genetic maps of three diploid species

— Capsella rubella, Arabidopsis lyrata subsp. petraea, and A. thaliana.

Amer. J. Bot. 92: 761-767.

Koch, M.A., Al-Shehbaz, I.A. & Mummenhoff, K. 2003. Molecular systematics,

evolution, and populationbiology in the mustard family (Brassicaceae).

Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 90: 151-71.

Koch, M.A., Karl, R., Kiefer, C. & Al-Shehbaz, I.A. 2010. Colonizing the

American Continent: Systematics of the Genus Arabis in North America

(Brassicaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 97: 1040–1057.

Kong, F., Rudloff, E., Snowdon, R.J. & Wang, Y.P. 2009. Chromosomal

distribution of 18S-25S rDNA in four Lupinus species visualized by

fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genetika 45:1148-1152.

Kornicke, M. 1901. Uber ortsveranderung von Zellkarnern S B Niederhein Ges

Natur- U Heilkunde Bonn A pp. 14-25.

Koshy, J. K. & Mathew, P. M. 1988. Cytological studies in a few species of the

Papaveraceae from south India. Cytologia 53: 647-652.

Koshy, J. K. & Mathew, P. M. 1990. Cytology of members of Violaceae from

south India. J. Cytol. Genet. 25: 159-162.

Koul, A.K. & Gohil, R.N. 1973. Cytotaxonomical conspectus of the flora of

Kashmir (I). Chromosome numbers of some common plants. Phyton 15:

57-66.

Koul, A.K. & Khan, A.U. 1969. Chromosome numbers of some Himalayan

species of the genus Gagea Salisb. Sci. & Cult. 35: 689-690.

References

253

Koul, A.K. & Wakhlu, A.K. 1974. A new base number for the genus Cheiranthus

L. Curr. Sci. 44: 779-780.

Koul, A.K. & Wakhlu, A.K.1976. Chromosome numbers of 52 Dicots species of

Kashmir. CIS 21: 4-6.

Koul, A.K., Gohil, R.N., Sharma, M.C. & Kapoor, H.K. 1972. Genetic stocks of

Kashmir papavers. I. Plant morphology, chromosome numbers and

meiosis. Nucleus 15: 117- 123.

Koul, A.K., Wakhlu A.K. & Karihaloo, J.L. 1976. Chromosome numbers of some

flowering plant of Jammu (Western Himalayas ) I. CIS 20: 30-31.

Koul, K.K. & Gohil, R.N. 1991. Cytogenetic studies on some Kashmir

grasses.VIII. Tribe Agrostideae, Festuceae and Paniceae. Cytologia 56:

437-452.

Koul, K.K. 1990. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Alopecurius arundinaceus

Poir. Cytologia 55: 169-173.

Krasnikov, A.A. & Schaulo, D.N. 1990. Chromosome numbers in representatives

of some families of vascular plants in the flora of the Novosibirsk region.

II. Bot. Zhurn. 75: 118-120.

Kubitzki K. 2004. The families and genera of vascular plants, vol. 6, Flowering

plants – Dicotyledons: Celastrales, Oxalidales, Rosales, Cornales,

Ericales. Springer.

Kumar, P. & Singhal, V.K. 2008. Cytology of Caltha palustris L.

(Ranunculaceae) from cold regions of Western Himalayas. Cytologia 73:

137-143.

Kumar, P. & Singhal, V.K. 2012. Erratic male meiosis resulting in 2n pollen grain

formation in a 4x cytotype (2n = 28) of Ranunculus laetus Wall. ex

Royle. The ScientificWorld Journal. doi:10.1100/2012/691545.

Kumar, P. & Singhal, V.K. 2011. Chromosome number, male meiosis and pollen

fertility in the plants of Polypetalae from Indian cold deserts of Lahaul-

Spiti and adjoining areas in Himachal Pradesh (India). Pl. Syst.

Evol. 297:271–297.

Kumar, P. 2011. Exploration of cytomorphological diversity in the members of

Polypetalae from Lahaul-Spiti and Adjoining areas. Ph.D. Thesis Punjabi

Univ. Patiala.

Kumar, P. Singhal, V.K. & Kaur, D. 2012. Impaired male meiosis due to irregular

synapsis and cytomixis in Dianthus angulatus Royle ex Benth. from

Indian cold deserts. Folia Geobot. 47: 59-68.

Kumar, P., Singhal V.K., Kaur, D. & Kaur, S. 2010. Cytomixis and associated

meiotic abnormalities affecting pollen fertility in Clematis orientalis.

Biol. Pl. 54: 181-184.

Kumar, P., Singhal, V.K., & Kaur, D. 2008a. Meiotic studies in species from the

cold deserts of Lahaul-Spiti and adjoining areas (Northwest Himalaya).

Cytologia 74: 463-470.

References

254

Kumar, P., Singhal, V.K., & Kaur, J. 2008b. Cytomixis induced meiotic

abnormalities in pollen mother cells of Clematis flammula L.

(Ranunculaceae). Cytologia 73: 381-385.

Kumar, S., Jeelani, S.M., Rani, S., Kumari, S., & Gupta, R.C. 2011a. Exploration

of intraspecific cytomorphological diversity in Agrimonia eupatoria L.

(Rosaceae) from Western Himalayas (India). Cytologia 76: 81-88.

Kumar, S., Jeelani, S. M., Rani, S., Gupta, R.C. & Kumari, S.

2011b.Cytomorphological studies of genus Saxifraga L. from Western

Himalayas. Nucleus 54:77-83.

Kumar, S., Kumari, S., & Gupta, R.C. 2011c. In IOPB Chromosome Number

Reports’. Taxon 60: 1789-1790.

Kumar, S., Jeelani, S. M., Rani, S., Gupta, R.C. & Kumari, S. 2012. Cytology of

five species of subfamily Papaveroideae from the Western Himalayas.

Protoplasma DOI: 10.1007/s00709-012-0413-7.

Kumar, S. & Sane P.V. 2003. Legumes of South Asia: A Checklist. Royal

Botanic Gardens, Kew, England. pp. 221-245.

Kumar, G. & Sharma, V. 2002. Induced cytomixis in chickpea (Cicer arietinum

L.). Nucleus 45: 24-26.

Kumar, V. & Subramaniam, B. 1986. Chromosome Atlas of Flowering Plants of

the Indian Sub-continent. Vol. I. Dicotyledons. Bot. Surv. India,Calcutta

Kumar, G. & Tripathi, R. 2007. Anomalous nucleolar and chromosomal

organization in induced phenodeviants of grass pea. Cytologia 79: 345-

350.

Kumari, S. & Bir. S.S.1985a. Cytopalynological studies on some Indian members

of Leguminosae. J. Palynol. 21: 68-84.

Kumari, S. & Bir. S.S.1985b. Karyomorphological evolution in Mimosaceae. J.

Cytol. Genet. 20: 16-35.

Kumari, S. & Bir. S.S.1987. Cytology of Indian Legumes: An overview. Bir, S.S.

(ed.). Aspects Pl. Sci. 9: 257-345.

Kumari, S. & Bir, S.S. 1989. Karyomorphological evolution in Caesalpiniaceae. J.

Cytol. Genet. 24: 149-163.

Kumari, S. & Bir, S.S. 1990. Karyomorphological evolution in papilionaceae. J.

Cytol. Genet. 25: 173-219.

Kurita, M. 1958. Chromosome studies in Ranucu laceae VIII. Karyotype and

phylogeny. Reprod. Biol.Inst. Ehime Univ. 5: 1-14.

Kurosawa, S. 1971. Cytological studies on some Eastern Himalayan plants, and

their related species. In: Hara, H. (ed.) The Flora of Eastern

Himalaya.Second report, University of Tokyo. Press, Tokyo 356-364.

Lakashman, R. A. & Suneetha, D. 2010. Current Trends in Herbal Medicines. J.

Pharm. Res. 3: 109-113.

Lakshmi, N., Prakash, N.S., Harini, I. & Rama, Y.R. 1989. A case of spontaneous

cytomixis coupled with desynapsis in Capsicum annum L. Cytologia 54:

287-291.

References

255

Langlet, O.F.J. 1927. Beitrage zur Zytologie der Ranunculazeen. Sven. Bot.

Tidskr.21:1 17.

Langlet, O. F.J.1932. Uber Chromosomenverh~ltnisse und Systematik der

Ranunculaceae Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 26: 381-401.

Lara Ruiz, J. 1993. Mediterranean chromosome number reports -3, (204-216).

Flora Mediterranea 3: 354-358.

Lans, C.A. 2006. Ethnomedicines used in Trinada and Tabago for urinary for

urinary problems and diabetes mellitus. J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed. 2: 45-45.

Lattoo, S.K., Khan, S. & Dhar, A.K. 2005. A new chromosome number in

Polygonatum cirrhifolium Royle- an endangered liliaceous medicinal

herb. Curr. Sci. 89: 1080-1081.

Lavania, U.C. & Srivastava, S. 1999. Quantitative delineation of karyotype

variation in Papaver as a measure of phylogenetic differentiation and

origin. Curr. Sci. 77: 429-435.

Lawrence, G. H. M. 1951. Taxonomy of vascular plants. Macmillan, New York.

Lawrence, J.C.1931. The secondary association of chromosomes. Cytologia 2:

352-384.

Ledingham, G.F. & Rever, M.D.1963. Chromosome numbers of some southwest

Asian species of Astragalus and Oxytropis (Leguminosae). Can. J. Genet.

Cytol. 5:18-32.

Lee, S. F., Kang, M., Heo, I. K., Chen, W. L. & Lee, C. 2009. A palynotaxonomic

study of the genus Filipendula (Rosaceae). J. Syst. Evol. 47: 115-122.

Lee, Y.N. 1969. Chromosome numbers in flowering plants in Korea (2). J.

Korean Res. Inst. Better Living 11: 455-4788.

Lesins, K., 1952. Some data on the cytogenetics of alfalfa. Heredity 43: 287-291.

Levin, R.A., Wagner, W.L., Hoch, P.C., Nepokroeff, M., Pires, J.C., Zimmer,

E.A. & Sytsma, K.J. 2003. Family-level relationships of Onagraceae

based on chloroplast rbcL and ndhF data. Amer. J. Bot. 90: 107-115.

Levy, A. A. & Feldman M. 2004. Genetic and epigenetic reprogramming of the

wheat genome upon allopolyploidization. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 82: 607-613.

Lewis, G.M., Schrire, B., Mackinder, B. & Lock, M. 2005. Legumes of the world,

Kew Press, London.

Li, C.L. 1998. Vitaceae. In Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae. Vol. 48. Science

Press, Beijing, China. pp. 1-177.

Liao, L., Xu, L.I. & Fang, L.1996. Study on the karyotypes of two species and

one variety in Ranunculus from China. Acta Bot. Yunnan. 18: 331-335.

Lidén, M. 1986. Synopsis of Fumarioideae (Papaveraceae) with a monograph of

the tribe Fumariaeae. Opera Bot. 88: 1-133.

Lidén, M., Fukuhara, T., Rylander, J. & Oxelman, B. 1997. Phylogeny and

classification of Fumariaceae, with emphasis on Dicentra s.l. based on the

plastid gene rps16 intron. Pl. Syst. Evol. 206: 411-420.

Lihová, J., Shimizu, K.K. & Marhold, K. 2006. Allopolyploid origin of

Cardamine asarifolia (Brassicaceae): incongruence between plastid and

References

256

nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences solved by a single-copy nuclear gene.

Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 39: 759–786.

Lihová, J., Tribsch, A. & Marhold, K. 2003. The Cardamine pratensis

(Brassicaceae) group in the Iberian Peninsula: taxonomy, polyploidy and

distribution. Taxon 52: 783-802.

Liu, B. & Wendel, J.F. 2003. Epignetic phenomena and the evolution of plant

allopolyploids. Molec. Phylogent. Evol. 29: 365-379.

Liu, J.Q., HO, T.N., Cheir, S.L. & Lu, A.M. 2001. Karyomorphology of

Biebersteinia Stephan (Geraniaceae) and its systematic and taxonomic

significance. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 42: 61-66.

Liu, M. J. & Cheng, C.Y. 1995. A taxonomy study on the genus Ziziphus. Acta

Hort. 390: 161-165.

Liu, M., Hao, X.Y., Xu, Q., Bo, L.T., Kang, X.L. & Wang, X.J. 2009. Tissue

culture of wild flower Bergenia crassifolia and establishment of its

regeneration system. J. Anhui. Agric. Sci. 37: 3455-3456, 3462.

Loconte, H. & Estes. J. R. 1989. Phylogenetic systematics of Berberidaceae and

Ranunculales (Magnoliidae). Syst. Bot. 14: 565-579.

Lone, F. A. 2003. Folklore medicinal system of Uri- sector Kashmir valley Abstt.

2nd world Congress on Biotechnology Development of Herbal Medicine.

pp. 91, February 20-22.

Longley. A.E.1927. Supernumerary chromosomes in Zea mays. J. Agric. Res. 35:

769-784.

López Pacheco, M.J. 2002. Números cromosomáticos de plantas occidentales,

921-936. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 59: 287-288.

Lourteig, A. 2000. Oxalis L. Subgéneros Monoxalis (Small) Lourt., Oxalis y

Trifidus Lourt. Bradea 7: 201- 629.

Löve, A. & Löve, D. 1948. Chromosome numbers of northern plant species. Rep.

Dep. Agric. Univ. Inst. Appl. Sci. (Iceland), Ser. B. 3: 9-131.

Löve, A. & Löve, D. 1961. Chromosome numbers of central and north European

plant species. Opera Bot. 5: 1-581.

Löve, A. & Löve, D. 1975. Cytotaxonomical Atlas of the Arctic Flora. J.

Cramer,Vaduz.

Lövkvist, B. & Hultgård, V.M. 1999. Chromosome numbers in south Swedish

vascular plants. Opera Bot. 137: 1-47.

Lu, L.D, Brach, A.R. 2003. Cotoneaster. In: Wu, Z.Y., et al., (eds). Flora of

China. Beijing, China: Science Press. 9:85-108.

Lundberg, M. 2011. Systematics and polyploid evolution in Potentilleae

(Rosaceae). Ph.D. thesis. Stockholm: Stockholm University.

Luttikhuizen, P.C., Stift, M., Kuperus, P. & Van Tienderen, P.H. 2007. Genetic

diversity in diploid vs. tetraploid Rorippa amphibian (Brassicaceae). Mol.

Ecol. 16: 3544-3553.

Lydia, G. & Rao, R. K.G. 1982. Abnormal spindle behaviour in induced

autotetraploid, Physalis pubescens L. Theor. Appl. Genet. 63: 125-127.

References

257

Ma Y., Islam-faridi, M.N., Crane, C.F., Yi Y., Stelly, D.M., Price, H.J. & Byrne,

D.H., 1997. In situ hybridization of ribosomal DNA to rose chromosomes.

J. Hered. 88: 158-161.

Mabberley, D. 2008. Mabberley’s plant-book: a portable dictionary of plants,

their classi-fication and uses: Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK

pp.1021.

Mabberley, D. J. 1990. The plant-book. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.

Mabberley, D. J. 1997. The plant-book. 2. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge.

Magee, A.R., Van, Wyk, B.E., Tilney, P.M. & Vessio, N. 2011. A Taxonomic

Revision of the Annesorhiza triternata Group (Apiaceae, Apioideae): the

Transfer of Peucedanum triternatum and P. filicaule and the Description

of Five New Species. Syst. Bot. 36: 508-519.

Magulaev, A. J. 1979. The chromosome numbers of flowering plants in the

Northern Caucasus. Part 3. Flora of the North Caucasus and questions of

its history. 3:101-106.

Magulaev, A.V.U. 1984. Cytotaxonomic study in some flowering plants of the

North Caucasus. Botaniceskjij Žurnal SSSR, 69: 511-517.

Majumdar, S.C., Banerjee, S. & Kumar, D.E. K. 2004. Meiotic behaviour of

chromosome in PMCs and karyotype of Trifolium repens L. from

Darjeeling Himalaya. Acta Biol. Cracov. Ser. Bot. 46: 217-220.

Majumder, S. C. 2002. Papaver L. In: Singh, N. P., Singh, D.K. & Uniyal, B.P.

(eds.). Flora of Jammu & Kashmir, 1: 469-473. Bot. Sur. India. Calcutta.

Malakha, E. V. 1990. Chromosome numbers in some species of the genera

Ranunculus and Batrachium (Ranunculaceae) from the flora of the Soviet

far east. Bot. Žurn. 75: 121-122.

Malallah, G.A. & Attia, T.A. 2003. Cytomixis and its possible evolutionary role

in a Kuwait population of Diplotaxis harra (Boraginaceae). Bot. J. Linn.

Soc. 143: 169-175.

Malik C.P. 1960. Chromosome numbers of some dicotyledones. Sci. Cult. 25:

437.

Malik, A. H., Khuroo, A. A., Dar, G. H. & Khan, Z. S. 2011. Ethnomedicinal uses

of some plants in the Kashmir Himalaya, India. I. J. T. K. 10: 362-366.

Malik, N.A. & Ahmad, A.J. 1963. Chromosome numbers in some medicinal

plants. Pak. J. Sci. Res. 15: 58-60.

Malik, R.A., Gupta, R.C. & Kumari, S. 2010. Genetic Diversity in different

population of Artmisia absinthium Linn. From Kashmir Himalaya.

Cytologia 75: 273-276.

Malik, R.A., Gupta, R.C. & Kumari, S. 2011. In IAPT/IOPB Chromosome data

12.Taxon 60: 47-49.

Maliwichi-Nyirenda, C.P, Maliwichi, L.L. & Franco, M. 2011.Medicinal uses of

Berberis holstii Engl. (Berberidaceae) in Malawi, the only African

endemic barberry. J. Med. Plants Res. 5:1367-1373.

References

258

Malla, S.B., Bhattarai, S., Gorkhali, M., Saiju, H. & Kayastha, M. 1981. In IOPB

chromosome number reports LXX. Taxon 30:75.

Malla, S.B., Bhattarai, S., Gorkhali, M., Saiju, H. & Kaysatha, N. 1978. In IOPB

chromosome number reports. LXII Taxon 27: 519-535.

Malla, S.B., Bhattarai, S., Saiju, H.K., Kayastha, M. & Pandey, I. 1984. In IOPB

chromosome number reports. LXXXII. Taxon 33:126-134.

Manandhar, L. & Sakya S.R. 2009. Cytotaxonomy of Smithia ciliata Royle

(Fabaceae) Botanica Orientalis 6:111-113.

Mandáková, T. & Lysak, M.A. 2008. Chromosomal Phylogeny and Karyotype

Evolution in x=7 Crucifer Species (Brassicaceae). The Plant

Cell 20:2559-2570.

Manton, I.1932. Introduction to the general cytology of Cruciferae. Ann. Bot. 46:

509- 556.

Maréchal, R. 1963. Quelques observations sur le phenomene de cytomixie chez

Gossypium. Bull. Inst. Agron. Gembloux 31: 223-240.

Marie, D. & Brown, SC. 1993. A cytometric exercise in plant DNA histograms,

with 2C-values for 70 species. Biol. Cell 78: 41-51.

Markova, M., Martina, L., Zluvova, J., Janousek, B., Vyskot, B. 2006.

Karyological analysis of an interspeciÞc hybrid between the diocious

Silene latifolia and the hermaphroditic Silene viscose. Genome 42: 373-

379.

Marks, G.E. 1954. An acetocarmine glycerol jelly for use in pollen fertility

counts. Stain Tech. 29: 277.

Mathew, P.M. & Mathew, A. 1983.Studies on the South Indian Compositae V.

Cytotaxonomic consideration of the tribes Vernonieae and Eupatorieae.

Cytologia 48: 679-690.

Martin, E, Akan, H, Ekici, M. & Aytaç, Z. 2008. Karyomorphological studies on

section Bucerates Boiss. of Trigonella L. (Leguminosae) from Turkey.

Caryologia 61: 225- 236.

Martin, E., Akan, H., Ekici, M. & Aytac, Z. 2011. New chromosome numbers in

the genusTrigonella L. (Fabaceae) from Turkey. Af. J. Biotech.10:116-

125.

Martin, J. H. & Leonard, W. H. 1967. Principles of field crop production. New

York: The Macmillan Company.

Mary, T.N. & Suvarnalatha, B.1981. Cytomixis and deviation of chromosome

numbers in pollen mother cells of Gossypium species. J. Indian Bot. Soc.

60: 74.

Masci, S., Miho, A. & Marchi, P. 1994. Ranunculus auricomus L. aggr.

(Ranunculaceae) in Italy. I. Sexual tetraploids on the Apennines.

Caryologia 47: 97-108.

Masterson, J. 1994. Stomatal size in fossil plants: evidence for polyploidy in

majority of Angiosperms. Science 264:421-423.

References

259

Maxted, N. 1993. A phenetic investigation of Vicia L. subgenus Vicia

(Leguminosae, Vicieae). Botanical Journal of Linnean Society. 111:155-

182.

McArthur, E.D. & Sanderson, S.C. 1985. A cytotaxonomic contribution to the

western North American rosaceous flora. Madroño 32: 24-28.

Mehra, P.N. & Dhawan, H. 1966. Cytological investigations in the

N.W.Himalayan Rosaceae. Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. Assoc. 53: 276-277.

Mehra, P.N. & Dhawan, H. 1971. In IOPB chromosome number reports.

XXXIV.Taxon 20: 785-797.

Mehra, P.N. & Gill, L.S. 1968. In IOPB chromosome number reports XVIII.

Taxon 17: 419-422.

Mehra, P.N. & Hans, A.S. 1971. Cytological observations on arborescent

Leguminosae of Eastern Himalayas. Nucleus 14: 144-152.

Mehra, P.N. & Kashyap, S.K. 1986. Cytological studies in some west Himalayan

orchids. Tribe: Neottiae III. Subtribe Spiranthinae. Caryologia 39: 151-

160.

Mehra, P.N. & Kaur, B. 1963. Cytological study of some Himalayan

Ranunculaceae. Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. 50: 453-454.

Mehra, P.N. & Kohli, B.L. 1966. Cytological studies in North Indian grasses.

Proc.Indian Sci. Congr. 53: 277-278.

Mehra, P.N. & Malik, C.P. 1961. Ophiopogon intermedius-a species complex in

Western Himalayas. Proc Indian Sci. Congr. 48: 292.

Mehra, P.N. & Malik, C.P. 1963. Cytology of some Indian Chenopodiaceae.

Caryologia 16: 67-84.

Mehra, P.N. & Pandita, T.K. 1984. Cytological studies of some Helobiales of

Kashmir Himalayas (India). I. Family Alismataceae. Cytologia 49: 295-

304.

Mehra, P.N. & Remanandan, P. 1972. Cytology of some West Himalayan

Ranunculaceae. Cytologia 37: 281-296.

Mehra, P.N. & Sachdeva, S.K. 1975. In IOPB chromosome number reports

XLIX. Taxon 24: 501-516.

Mehra, P.N. & Sachdeva, S.K. 1979. Cytological observations on some East

Himalayan Monocots. Cytologia 44: 233-240.

Mehra, P.N. & Sareen, T.S. 1969. In IOPB chromosome Number Reports XXII.

Taxon 18: 433-442.

Mehra, P.N. & Sareen, T.S. 1973. Cytological observations on arborescent

Leguminosae of the Western Himalayas. Nucleus. 16: 20-24.

Mehra, P.N. 1976. Cytology of Himalayan hardwoods. Sree Saraswati Press Ltd.,

Calcutta.

Mehra, P.N., Gill, B. S., Mehta, J.K. & Sidhu, S.S. 1965. Cytological

investigations on the Indian Compositae. I. North Indian taxa. Caryologia

18: 35-68.

References

260

Mehra, P.N., Sareen, T.S & Hans, A.S. 1973. Cytology of some woody species of

Rosaceae from Himalayas. Silv. Genet. 22: 188-190.

Michaelis, P. 1928. Über die experimentelle Erzeugung heteroploider Pflanzen

bei Epilobium und Oenothera. Biol. Zentralbl. 48: 370-374.

Mittermeier, R.A., Gil, P.R., Hoffman, M., Pilgrim, J., Brooks, T., Mittermeier,

C.G., Lamoreux, J. & Fonseca, G.A.B.D. 2004. Hotspots Revisited:

Earth’s biologically richest and most threatened terrestrial ecoregions.

Conservation International, USA.

Moffett, A.A. 1931. The chromosome constitution of the Pomoideae. Proceedings

of the Royal Soc. London 108: 423-446.

Momtaz, U. S. N., Kabir, G., Ud-deen, M.M. & Yasmin, N. 2007. Karyotypic

study of seven types of Impatiens balsamina L. J. Bio. Sci. 15: 147-152.

Moore, R.J. (ed.). 1970, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1977. Index to Plant

Chromosome Numbers 1967-1971, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1973-1974.

Regnum Veg. 68, 77, 84, 90, 91, 96.

Morrison, S. M. & Scott. J. K. 1996. Variation in populations of Tribulus

terrestris (Zygophyllaceae). 2. Chromosome numbers. Austral. J. Bot. 44:

191-199.

Morrisset, P. 1978. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of Ononis (Leguminosae).

Canad. J. Genet. Cytol. 20: 383.

Mort, M.E., Levsen, L., Randle, C.P., Jaarsveld, E.V. & Palmer, A. 2005.

Phylogenetics and diversification of cotyledon (Crassulaceae) inferred

from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 92: 1170-

1176.

Mort, M.E., Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S., Francisco-Ortega, J. & Santos-Guerra, A.,

2001. Phylogenetic relationships and evolution of the Crassulaceae

inferred from matK sequence data. Amer. J. Bot. 88: 76-91.

Mort, M.E., Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S., Francisco-Ortega, J. & Santos-Guerra, A.

2002. Phylogenetics and evolution of the Macaronesian clade of

Crassulaceae inferred from nuclear and chloroplast sequence data. Syst.

Bot. 27: 271-288.

Morton, J.K. 1993. Chromosome numbers and polyploidy in the flora of

Cameroons Mountain. Opera Bot. 121: 159-172.

Mukherjee, P. 1975. Chromosome studies as an aid in tracing the evolution in

Cruciferae. Cytologia 40: 727-734.

Murín, A., Haberova, I. & Zantram, C. 1984. Further karyological studies of the

Mongolian flora. Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 19: 28-39.

Murmanis, L. & Evert, R.F. 1967. Parenchyma cells of secondary phloem in

Pinus strobes. Planta 73: 301-318.

Munshi, S.K, & Javeid, G.N. 1986. Systematic studies in Polygonaceae of

Kashmir Himalaya. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.

References

261

Munzinger, J.K. & Ballard Jr., H.E. 2003. Hekkingia (Violaceae), a New

Arborescent Violet Genus from French Guiana, with a Key to Genera in

the Family. Systematic Botany 28 : 345-351.

Murata, M., Shibata, F. & Yokota, E.2006.The origin, meiotic behaviour and

transmission of a novel minichromosome in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Chromosoma 115: 311-319.

Nair, B. R. & Kuriachan, P. 1995. Cytology of some species of Biophytum

(Oxalidaceae). J. Cytol. Genet. 30: 151–155.

Nageli, C. 1842. Zur Entzoickelungsgeschichte des Pollens bei den

Phanerogamen. Zurich (Ovell & Fussli).

Nakagawa, M. 2006. Ploidy, geographical distribution and morphological

differentiation of Parasenecio auriculata (Senecioneae, Asteraceae) in

Japan. J. Plant Res. 119: 51-61.

Naqshi, A.R., Dar, G.H., Javeid, G.N. & Kachroo, P. 1988. Malvaceae of Jammu

and Kashmir State, India. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 1499- 1524.

Naqshi, A. R. & Aman, N. 2001. Principle wild flora of Kashmir Himalaya.

J. Econ. Tax. Bot. 25: 324-334.

Naqshi, A.R. & Javeid, G.N. 1976. In IOPB chromosome number reports LIV.

Taxon 25: 631-649.

Naqshi, A. R., Baba, M.Y., Ara, S. & Raychaudhuris, S.P.1992. ETB studies of

Kashmir Jhelum valley. Recent advances in medicinal, aromatic and spice

crops (volume 2). Intl. Conf. held on 28-31 January 1989, New Delhi,

India. 371-379.

Nawchoo, I. A. & Buth, G. M. 1994. Studies on the medicinal plants used by the

Gujar and Bakarwal tribes of Jammu and Kashmir. In Sahni, K.C. ed.

Advances in plant sciences research Vol.1. pp. 191-203

Nayar, M.P. & Sastry, A.R.K. (eds.) 1987-1990. Red Data Book of Indian Plants.

Vols.1-3. Bot. Surv. India, Calcutta.

Neves, S.S. &Watson, M.F. 2004. Phylogenetic relationships in Bupleurum

(Apiaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequence data. Ann.

Bot. 93: 379-398.

Nie, Z, Sun, H., Chen, Z., Meng, Y., Manchester, S. R., & Wen J. 2010.

Molecular phylogeny and biogeographic diversification of Parthenocissus

(Vitaceae) disjunct between Asia and north America. Amer. J. Bot. 97:

1342-1353.

Nieto-Feliner, G. 2000. Números cromosomáticos de plantas occidentales, 849-

854. Anal. del Jard. Bot. de Madrid 58: 165-166.

Nirmala, A. & Rao, P.N. 1996. Genesis of chromosomal numerical mosaicism in

higher plants. Nucleus 39: 151-175.

Nisar, M, Qayum, M., Shah, M.R., Siddiqui, H.L., Kaleem, W.A. & Z-U-Haq, M.

2010. Biological screening of Impatiens bicolor Royle. Pak. J. Bot. 42:

1903-1907.

References

262

Nold, R. 2003 Columbines. Aquilegia, Paraquilegia and Semiaquilegia. Timber

Press, Cambridge.

Nurk, N.M., & Blattner, F. R. 2010. Cladistic analysis of morphological

characters in Hypericum (Hypericaceae). Taxon 59: 1495-1507.

Nylehn, J, Hamre, E, Nordal, I. 2003. Facultative apomixis and hybridization in

arctic Potentilla section Niveae (Rosaceae) from Svalbard. Bot. J. Linn.

Soc. 142: 373-381.

Ohashi, H., Polhill, R.M. & Schubert, B.G. 1981. Desmodieae. In: Polhill, R.M.

& Raven, P.H. (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics. Part 1. Royal

Botanic Gardens, Kew, England. pp. 292-300.

Ojiewo, C.O., Murakami, K., Masinde, P.W. & Agong, S. G. 2007. Polyploidy

breeding of African nightshade (Solanum section Solanum). International

Journal of Plant Breeding 1:10-21.

Okada, H. & H. Tsukaya. 2003. Chromosome observations in Cayratia, Vitaceae.

Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 54: 177–179.

Okada, H., Tsukaya, H. & Mohamed, M. 2005. Chromosome observations in

species of Cayratia (Vitaceae). II. Intraspecific polyploidy in C. trifolia.

Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 56: 203–206.

Olmo, H.P. 1937. Chromosome numbers in the European grape (Vitis vinfera).

Cytologia10: 606-613.

Omara, M.K. 1976. Cytomixis in Lolium perenne. Chromosoma 55: 267-271.

Omidbaigi, R., Mirzaee, M., Hassani, M.E. & Sedghi Moghadam M. 2010.

Induction and identification of polyploidy in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

medicinal plant by colchicine treatment. Int. J. Plant Prod. 4:87-98.

Ono, H. & Tateoka. T. 1953. Karyotaxonomy in Poaceae.I. Chromosomes and

taxonomic relations in some Japanese grasses. Bet. Msg. Tokyo 66:775-

776.

Ornduff, R. 1968, 1969. Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (1966, 1967)

Regnum Veg. 55, 59.

Osborn, T.C., Pires, J.C., Birchler, J.A., Auger, D.L., Chen Z.J., Lee, H.S.,

Comai, L. & et al. 2003. Understanding mechanisms of novel gene

expression in polyploids. Trends Genet. 19: 141-147.

Otto, S.P. 2007. The evolutionary consequences of polyploidy. Cell 131: 452-462.

Otto, S.P. & Whitton, J. 2000. Polyploidy: Incidence and evolution. Annu. Rev.

Genet. 34: 401 - 437.

Oxelman, B., Lidén, M., Rabeler, R.K. & Popp, M. 2000. A revised generic

classification

of the tribe Sileneae (Caryophylaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 20: 743-748.

Pagliarini, M.S. & Pereira, M.A.S.1992. Meiotic studies in Pilocarpus

pennatifoliusLem. (Rutaceae). Cytologia 57: 231-235.

References

263

Pagliarini, M.S. 2000. Meiotic behavior of economically important plant species:

the relationship between fertility and male sterility. Genet. Mol. Biol. 23:

997-1002.

Pagliarini, M.S., Freitas, P.M. & Batista, L.A.R. 2000. Chromosome stickiness in

meiosis of a Brazilian Paspalum accession. Cytologia 65: 289-294.

Pagliarini, M.S.1990. Meiotic behavior and pollen fertility in Aptenia cordifolia

(Aizoaceae). Caryologia 43: 157-162.

Pandita, H.M. & Mehra, P.N. 1984. Cytogical studies of some Helobiales of

Kashmir Himalayas.II. Families Butomaceae & Hydrocharitaceae.

Cytologia 49: 305-312.

Pandita, T.K. & Mehra, P.N. 1981. Cytology of alliums of Kashmir Himalayas, I.

Wild species. Nucleus 24: 5-10.

Parfenov, V. I. & Dmitrieva, S. A. 1988. Kariologicheskaja kharakteristika

predstavitelej

flory sosudistykhrastenij Berezinskogo Biosfernogo Zapovednika. Zapov. Beloru-

ssii Issl. 12: 3-8.

Parolly, 2006. In Parolly, G. & Eren, Ö. (eds.). Contributions to the flora of

Turkey, 1. Willdenowia 36: 823-844.

Patel, J.S. & Narayana, G.V.1937. Chromosome numbers in some economic

flowering plants. Curr. Sci. 5: 479.

Paterson, A.H., Bowers, J.E., Peterson, D.G., Estill, J.C. & Chapman, B.A. 2003.

Structure and evolution of cereal genomes. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev.13:

644-650.

Pathak, G.N., Singh, B., Tiwari, K.M., Srivastava, A.A. & Pande, K.K. 1949.

Chromosome numbers in some angiospermous plants. Curr. Sci. 18: 347.

Patil, V. P. & Jadhav, A. S. 1985. Karyomorphology of three varieties of Vitis

vinifera. Cytologia 50: 83-88.

Paule, J., Sharbal, T.F. & Dobes, C. 2011. Apomoctic and sexual lineages of the

Potentilla argentea L. group (Rosaceae): cytotype and molecular genetic

differentiation. Taxon 60:721–732

Pavlova, D. & Tosheva, A. 2001. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 11

(1244-1247). Fl. Medit. 11: 455-459.

Peev, D. 1977. In IOPB chromosome number reports LV. Taxon 26: 107–109.

Perveen, A. & Qaiser, M. 2009. Pollen flora of Pakistan -l xiv: Saxifragaceae.

Pak. J. Bot. 41: 1531-1538.

Petrova, A. & Stanimirova, P. 2003. Karyological study of some Geranium

(Geraniaceae) species growing in Bulgaria. Bocconea 16: 675-682.

Pierozzi, N.I. 2011. Karyotype and nor-banding of mitotic chromosomes of some

Vitis species. Rev. Bras. Frutic. Jaboticabal, Spl. Vol. Especial, E. 564-

570.

Pikaard, C.S. 2001. Genomic change and gene silencing in polyploids. Trends

Genet.

References

264

17: 675-677.

Pimenov, M. G. & Leonov, M. V. 1993.The genera of the Umbelliferae. Royal

Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK.

Pimenov, M.G. & Leonov, M.V. 2004.The Asian Apiaceae biodiversity database

(ASIUM) with particular reference to south-west Asian taxa. Turk. J. Bot.

6:139-145.

Pilepic, K.H. Balic, M. & Blazina, N. 2011. Estimation of phylogenetic

relationships among some Hypericum (Hypericaceae) species using

internal transcribed spacer sequences. Pl. Biosystems 145: 81–87.

Plowman, A.B. & Bougourd, S.M. 1994. Selectively advantageous effects of B-

chromosomes on germination behaviour in Allium schoenoprasum L.

Heredity 72: 587-593.

Podlech, D. & Dieterle, A. 1969. Chromosomen studien an Afghanischan

Pflanzen. Candollea 24: 185-243.

Pogan, E., Sawicka, H. & Jankun, A. 1980. Further studies in chromosome

numbers of Polish Angiosperms, part 22. Acta Biol. Cracov. Ser. Bot. 31:

1-17.

Polhill, R. M. 1981: Galegeae. In: Polhill, R. M. & Raven, P. H. (eds.), Advances

in legume systematics, part 1: 357–363. Royal Bot. Gardens, Kew.

Pop, C, Vlase, L & Tamas, M. 2009. Natural resources containing arbutin.

determination of arbutin in the Leaves of Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch

acclimated in Romania. Not. Bot. Hort. Agrobot. Cluj. 37: 129-132.

Potter, D., Gao F., Bortiri, P. E., Oh, S. & Baggett, S. 2002. Phylogenetic

relationships in Rosaceae inferred from chloroplast matK and trnL-trnF

nucleotide sequence data. Pl. Syst. Evol. 231: 77–89.

Poucques, M.L. 1950. Etudes caryologiques sur les fagales. IV. Les genres

Castanea, Corylus, Fagus. Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy 8: 57-61.

Price, R.A. & Palmer. J.D. 1993. Phylogenetic Relationships of The Geraniaceae

and Geranniales From rbcL Sequence Comparisons. Ann. Missouri Bot.

Garden. Missouri Botanical Garden Press.

Price L., Short, K.C. & Roberts, A.V. 1981.Poor resolution of C-bands and the

presence of B-chromosomes in Rosa rugosa ‘scabrosa’. Caryologia 34:

69-72.

Probatova, N.S. 2000. Chromosome numbers in some plant species from the

Razdolnaya (Suifun) River basin (Primorsky Territory). Bot. Žurn.85:

102-105.

Probatova, N.S. 2004. Chromosome numbers of selected vascular plant species

from Sakhalin, Moneron and the Kurile Islands. Biodivers. Biogeogr.

Kuril Islands Sakhalin 1: 15-23.

Probatova, N.S. 2005. A progress in the study of the chromosome numbers of rare

and endemic species of the flora of the Russian Far East. Pages 85–86 in

Karyology, Karyosystematics and Molecular Phylogeny. St. Petersburg,

Russia.

References

265

Probatova, N.S., Barkalov, Yu., Rudyka, E.G. & Pavlova, N.S. 2006. Further

chromosome studies on vascular plant species from Sakhalin, Moneron

and Kurile Islands. Bull. Hokkaido Univ. Museum 3: 93-110.

Probatova, N.S., Rudyka, E.G. & Sokolovskaya, A.P. 1996. Chromosome

numbers in synanthropic plants from the Russian Far East. Bot. Žurn. 81:

98-101.

Probatova, N.S. & Sokolovskaya, AP. 1988. Chromosome numbers in vascular

plants from the Primorsky Territory, Amur River basin, North Koryakia,

Kamchatka and Sakhalin. Bot. Žurn. 73: 290-293.

Probatova, N.S., Sokolovskaya, A.P. & Rudyka, E.G. 1991. Chromosome

numbers in some species of vascular plants from the Soviet Far East and

other regions of the USSR. Bot. Žurn.76: 1174-1178.

Purohit, K. M. & Panigrahi, G. 1991. The Family Rosaceae of India: (Revisionary

Studies On Some Genera), Vol. I. Bishen Singh Mehendra Pal Singh,

Dehradun.

Qin-Er Y., 2002. Cytology of the tribe Trollieae and of the tribe Cimicifugeae in

the Ranunculaceae: a comparative study. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 40: 52-65.

Qu, L., Widrlechnera, M.P., Rigbyb, S.M. 2010. Analysis of breeding systems,

ploidy, and the role of hexaploids in three Hypericum perforatum L.

populations. Industrial Crops and Products 32: 1-6.

Qu, Z. Z., Wang, Y. H., Lu, Z. R. & Yan, G. J. 1986. Studies on the chromosome

number of Chinese jujube. Acta Hort. Sin. 13: 232-236.

Qureshi, R.A, Ghufran, M.A., Gilani, S.A., Sultana, K. & Ashraf, M. 2007.

Ethnobotanical studies of selected medicinal Plants of sudhan gali and

ganga chotti hills, District bagh. Azad Kashmir. Pak. J. Bot. 39: 2275-

2283.

Rabeler, R. K. V. & Bittrich. 1993. Suprageneric nomenclature in the

Caryophyllaceae. Taxon 42: 857-863.

Raghavan, T.S. & Venkatasubban, K.R. 1943. Cytological studies in the family

Zingiberaceae with special reference to chromosome number and

cytotaxonomy. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. Sect. B 17: 118-132.

Rai, S. 1939. The development of gametophyte in Fumaria indica Pugsley. Proc

26th Indian Sci. Congr. Part 3: 120.

Ramsden, G. 1962. A new hybrid Meconopsis. J. Roy Hort. Soc. 87:17–18.

Ramsey, J. & Schemske, D.W. 1998. Pathways, mechanisms, and rates of

polyploid formation in flowering plants. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 29: 467-

501.

Randolph, L.F. 1928.Types of supernumerary chromosomes in maize. Anat. Rec.

41:102.

Ranjbar, M., Karamian, R. & Bayat, S. 2010. New chromosome counts in five

species of oxytropis (Fabaceae) in Iran. Iran. J. Bot. 16: 42-48.

Ranjbar, M., Karamian, R. & Hajmoradi, Z. 2011. Cytomorphological study of

Trigonella disperma (Fabaceae) in Iran. Cytologia 76: 279-294.

References

266

Rani, S., Kumar, S., Jeelani, S.M., Gupta, R.C. & Kumari, S.2010a. New

chromosome number reports in some polypetalous plants from Western

Himalayas (India). Chrom. Bot. 5: 49-53.

Rani, S., Kumar, S., Jeelani, S.M., Gupta, R.C. & Kumari, S.2010b.Effect of

cytomixis on male meiosis in populations of Clematis grata Wall. from

Western Himalayas. Chrom. Bot. 5: 61-64.

Rani, S., Kumar, S., Jeelani, S.M., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011a. Meiotic

studies in some members of Ranunculaceae from Western Himalaya

(India). Caryologia. 64:405-418.

Rani, S., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011b. New chromosome number reports in

some Polypetalous species from District Kangra (Himachal Pradesh),

India. Chrom. Bot. 6: 91-96

Rani, S., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2011c. In IOPB Chromosome Number

Reports’. Taxon 60: 1794.

Rani, S., Kumar, S., Jeelani, S.M., Kumari, S. & Gupta, R.C. 2012. Additions to

the cytologically investigated species of Potentilla L. (Rosaceae) from

India. Pl. Syst. Evol. 298: 485-497.

Rao, P.N., Kanganadhaam, P. & Nirmala, A. 1990. Behavior of a sticky

desynaptic mutant in pearl millet. Genetica 81: 221-227.

Rao, R. V. S., Ayyangar, K. R. & Sampathkumar, R. 1986. On the karyological

characteristics of some members of Balsaminaceae. Cytologia 51: 251-

260.

Rao, R.R., Husain, T., Dutt, B. & Atri, G. 1998. Rivision of the family

Berberidaceae of India -I. Rheedea 8: 1-66.

Rashid, A. & Ohba, H. 1993. A revision of Cardamine loxostemonoides O.E.

Schulz (Cruciferae). J. Jap. Bot. 68: 199–208.

Raven, P. H. & Kynos, D. W. 1965. New evidence concerning the original basic

chromosome number of Angiosperms. Evolution 19: 244-248.

Raven, P. H. 1988. Onagraceae as a model of plant evolution. In Gottlieb, L. D. &

Jain, S. K. (eds.). Plant evolutionary biology: a symposium honoring

Stebbins, G.L. 85-107. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.

Raven, P.H. 1975. The bases of angiosperm phylogeny: Cytology. Ann.Missouri

Bot. Garden 62: 724-764.

Rather, G.M. 1982. Cytogenetic studies of some members of Polygonaceae of

Kashmir.

Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Kashmir, Kashmir.

Ratter, J.A. 1968. Cytological studies in Meconopsis. Notes Roy. Bot. Gard.

Edingurgh 28:191-200.

Rawat, D., Kumar, A. & Rao, S.A. 2006. Meiotic chromosome studies in Tribulus

rajasthanensis, an endemic and threatened medicinal herb of Rajasthan.

Cytologia 71: 365-370.

Reddy, V. R. K. 1989. Karyomorphological studies in Indigofera and Trifolium. J.

Cytol. Genet. 24: 30-35.

References

267

Rendle, A.B., 1952. Classification of Flowering Plants. 2nd Edn., Institute of

Terrestrial Ecology, Cambridge, England, pp. 348-370.

Rendle, H. & Murray, B. G. 1989 Chromosome relationships and breeding

barriers in New Zealand species of Ranunculus. New Zealand J. Bot. 27:

437-448.

Redondo, N. & Horjales, M. 1989. Datos cariológicos del gén. Saxifraga en el

NW Ibérico. Bol. Soc. Brot. sér. 2, 62: 195-203.

Rich, T. C. G. 1991. Crucifers of Great Britain and Ireland. B.S.B .1. Handbook

no . 6. Botanical Society of the British Isles. London.

Richards, A. J., Kirschner, J. Stepa, J. Nek & Marhold, K. 1996. Apomixis and

taxonomy: an introduction. Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 31: 281-282.

Richardson, J. E., Fay, M. F., Cronk, Q. C. B., Bowman, D. & Chase, M. W.

2000. A phylogenetic analysis of Rhamnaceae using rbcL and trnL-F

plastid DNA sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 87: 1309-1324

Robertson, K. R. 1974. The genera of Rosaceaein the southeastern United States.

J. Arnold Arbor 55: 303–332, 344-401.

Robson, N.K.B. 2003. Hypericum botany. In: Edzard, E. (ed.). Hypericum.

London, New York: Taylor & Francis. pp. 1-23.

Robson, N.K.B. 2006. Studies in the genus Hypericum L. (Clusiaceae). Section 9.

Hypericum sensu lato (part 3): subsection 1. Hypericum series 2.

Senanensia, subsection 2. Erecta and section 9b. Graveolentia. Syst.

Biodiv.4: 19-98.

Rodr1guez, D.J. 1996. A model for the establishment of polyploidy in plants. The

Amer. Naturalist.147: 33-46.

Rollins, R. C. 1978. Watercresisn Florida. Rhodora 80: 147-153.

Rollins, R . C. 1993.The Cruciferaoef ContinentaNlorth America. Stanford Univ.

Press, Stanford.

Rӧser, M., Johnson, M.A.T. & Hanson L.1997. Nuclear DNA amounts in palms

(Arecaceae). Botanica Acta 110: 79-89.

Rothfels, K.H. & Mason, G.F. 1975. Achiasmate meiosis and centromere shift in

Eusimulium aureum (Diptera-Simuliidae). Chromosoma 51: 111-124.

Rounsaville, T.J. & Ranney, T.G. 2010. Analysis of Ploidy Levels and Genome

Sizes of Berberis L. and Mahonia Nutt. Species, Hybrids, and Cultivars.

Hort. Science 45: 1029-1033.

Roy, R.P. & Singh, M.K. 1967. Cytological studies in the genus Lathyrus Linn. 1.

J. Cytol. Genet. 2: 128–140.

Roy, R.P. & Sinha R.P. 1961. Meiotic studies in some Malvaceous species. Curr.

Sci. 30: 26- 27.

Roy, S.C. & Sharma, A.K. 1971. Cytotaxonomic studies in Indian Ranunculaceae.

Nucleus 14: 132-143.

Roy, S.C., Ghosh, S. & Chatterjee, A. 1988. A cytological survey of Eastern

Himalayan plants. II. Cell Chromosome Res. 11: 93-97.

References

268

Royle, J. F. 1839. Illustrations of the Botany and other branches of The Natural

History of the Himalayan mountains and flora of Cashmere.I.II. London.

Runemark, H. 1996. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 6 (590–678). Fl.

Medit. 6: 223-243.

Runemark, H. 2000. Mediterranean chromosome number reports 10 (1110-1188).

Fl. Medit. 10: 386-402.

Saggoo, M.I.S. & Bir, S.S. 1986. Meiotic studies on some east Himalayan

members of family Labiatae. J. Indian. Bot. Soc. 65: 304-309.

Saggoo, M.I.S. & Bir, S.S. 1989. Cytological evolution in Indian Acanthaceae. J.

Cytol. Genet. 24: 128-148.

Saggoo, M.I.S. & Farooq, U. 2011. Cytology of Rheum, a vulnerable medicinal

plant from Kashmir Himalaya. Chrom. Bot. 6: 41-44.

Saggoo, M.I.S., Srivastava, D. K., and Grewal, P. 2011. Meiotic Studies in 14

Species of the Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae) from Cold Desert Regions of

Lahaul-Spiti and Adjoining Areas of Northwest-Himalaya. Cytologia 76:

231-236.

Safonova, I.N. 1991. Chromosome numbers in some species of the family

Papaveraceae. Bot. Žurn. 76:904–905.

Said, H.M. 1969. Hamdard pharmacopoeis of Eastern Medicines. Hamdard

National Foundattion, Pakistan.

Saldanha, C.J. & Nicolson, D.H. 1976. Flora of Hassan Distt. Karnataka. India.

Amerind Pub. Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Sandhu, P.S. & Mann, S.K.1988. SOCGI plant chromosome number reports VII.

J. Cytol. Genet. 23: 179-182.

Sandhu, P.S. & Mann, S.K.1989. SOCGI plant chromosome number reports

VIII.J. Cytol. Genet. 24: 221-228.

Sanjappa, M. & Bhatt, R.P. 1978. Cytology of the genus Alysicarpus (Fabaceae).

Cytologia 43: 35-44.

Santapau, H. & Henry, A. N. 1973. A Dictionary of the Flowering Plants in India.

C.S. I.R., New Delhi.

Sareen, T.S. & Singh, P.D. 1976. Cytological studies in some north Indian

Leguminosae. Proc. Indian Sci. Congr. Assoc. 93: 122-123.

Sareen, T.S., Khosla, P.K. & Mehra, P.N. 1974. Meiotic studies in Himalayan

Celastraceae and Rhamnaceae. Cytologia 39: 335-339.

Sarkar, A.K., Datta, N. & Chatterjee, U. 1974. In IOPB chromosome number

reports. XLVI (Correction). Taxon 23: 801-812.

Sarkar, A.K., Datta, N., Chatterjee, U. & Hazra, D. 1982. In IOPB chromosome

number reports. LXXVI. Taxon 24: 677-678.

Sarkar, O.E., Chakraverty, M., Das, S.K., Pal, C.R. and Hazara, D. 1980. In:

IOPB chromosome number reports. LXVII. Taxon 29: 347-367.

Sarkar, S.K. 1977. Cytological studies on the genus Ludwigia (Onagraceae).

Indian Sci. Congr. Assoc. Proc. 64: 157.

References

269

Sarvella, P. 1958. Cytomixis and loss of chromosomes in meiotic and somatic

cells of Gossypium. Cytologia 23: 14-24.

Savolainen, V. M. W., Chase S. B., Hoot, C. M., Morton, D. E., Soltis, C., Bayer,

M. F., Fay A. Y., de Bruijn, S. Sullivan, Qiu, Y.L. 2000. Phylogenetics of

flowering plants based upon a combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL

gene sequences. Syst. Biol. 49: 306-362.

Sax, K. 1932. Chromosome relationships in Pomoideae. J. Arnold

Arboretum 13: 363-367.

Saxena, N.P. 1973. Pollen grains of some Saxifragaceae. Palynological Bull. 6:

87-98.

Scholz, H. 1964. Zygophyllaceae. In: Melchior H, ed. A. Engler's Syllabus der

Pflanzen- familien, 12th edition, Vol. 2: 251-252. Berlin, Bornträger.

Schrire, B.D.1995. Evolution of the tribe Indigofereae (Leguminosae-

Papilionoideae). In: Crisp, M.D. & Doyle, M.D. (eds.). Advances in

Legume Systematics 7: Phylogeny : 161- 244. Royal Botanic Gardens,

Kew

Schrire, B. D. 2005. Tribe Indigofereae. In: Lewis, G., Schrire B., Mackinder, B.

& Lock, M. (eds.). Legumes of the world, 361–365. Royal Botanic

Gardens, Kew, UK.

Schuettpelz, E. & S.B. Hoot. 2004. Phylogeny and biogeography of Caltha

(Ranunculaceae) based on chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences. Amer.

J. Bot. 91: 247-253.

Schulze-Menz, G. K. 1964. Rosaceae. pp. 209–218 In: Melchior, H. (ed.),

Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien II. Gebru¨der Borntraeger, Berlin.

Schulz, O. E. 1936. Cruciferae. In: Engler, A. & Prantl, K. (eds.). Die Natürlichen

Pflanzenfamilien, 2nd edition 17B. Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 227-658.

Senn, A.H. 1938. Chromosome number relationships in the Leguminosae.

Bibliogr Genet 12:175-345.

Sepet, H. Özdemir, C. & Bozdağ B. 2011. Cytological study the genus Chesneya

Lindl. (Fabaceae) in Turkey. Caryologia 64:184-188.

Shabir, A.P., Nawchoo, I.A. & Wani, A.A. 2012.chromosomal stickiness and

breeding behaviour in Inula racemosa- a critically endangered medicinal

herb of N.W. Himalayas. Nat. Symp. Pl. Cytogenetics: New Approaches,

Punjabi Univ. Patiala (Feb.23-24) Sec. A pp. 60

Shahwar, D., Rehman, S. U. & Razaq, M. A. 2010. Acetyl cholinesterase

inhibition potential and antioxidant activeties of ferulic acid isolated from

Impatiens bicolor Linn. J. Med. Plant Res. 4: 260-266.

Sharma, A. K. & Ghosh, P.1976. Cytological studies in Balsaminaceae and

Ranunculaceae. Res. Bull. Univ. Calcutta Cytogenetics Lab. 3: 39.

Sharma, A. K. 1970. Annual report, 1967-1968. Res. Bull. Univ. Calcutta

Cytogenetics Lab. 2: 1-50.

Sharma, A.K. & Bhattacharyya, N.K. 1959. Further investigations on several

genera of Umbelliferae and their interrealtionships. Genetica 30: 1-68.

References

270

Sharma, A.K. & Das, N.K. 1954. Study of karyotypes and their alterations in

Aroids. Agron. Lusit. 16: 23-48.

Sharma, A.K. & Majumdar, A. 1959. Karyotype study of seven different varieties

of Litchi chinesnsis. Proc. 48th Indian Sci. Congr., Part 3: 305.

Sharma, A.K. & Sarkar, A.K. (1967-1968). Chromosome number reports of

plants. Ann. Report Cytogen. Lab. Dept. Bot. Univ. Calcutta, Res. Bull.

2:38-48.

Sharma, A.K. 1955. Cytology of some of the members of Commelinaceae and its

bearing on the interpretation of phylogeny.

Sharma, A.K. 1976. The Chromosomes. Oxford & IBH Pub. Co., New Delhi.

Sharma, B.D & Balakrishnan, N.P. 1993. Flora of India, vol. II. Botanical Survey

of India, P-8, Brabourne Road, Calcutta.

Sharma, B.D. & Sanjappa, M.1993. (eds.). Flora of India. Vol.3. Bot. Surv. India,

Calcutta.

Sharma, B.D., Balakrishnan, N.P., Rao. R.R. & Hajra, P.K. (eds.). 1993. Flora of

India. Vol.1. Bot. Surv. India, Calcutta.

Sharma, B.M. & Jamwal, P.S. 1988. Flora of Upper Lidder Valleys of Kashmir

Himalyas. Vol. I. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.

Sharma, G. & Gohil, R. N. 2003. Cytology of Allium roylei Stearn. I. Meiosis in a

population with complex interchanges. Cytologia 68: 115-119.

Sharma, G. & Gohil, R.N. 2008. Intrapopulation karyotypic variability in Allium

roylei Stearn- a threatened species. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158: 242-248.

Sharma, K.D., Singh B.M. & Saroop, J. 2007. Population structure and genetic

relationships among Delphinium species – A fast dwindling genus from

northwestern Himalaya. Curr. Sci. 93: 386-391.

Sharma, N. Gupta, R. C. & Singh, B. 2012. Meiotic abnormalities in populations

of Heracleum lanatum Michx.– an endemic and threatened medicinal

plant from Lahaul & Spiti Cold Desert region of North Indian higher

altitude Himalayas. Cytologia 77: 89-95.

Sharma, P.K. Chauhan, N.S. & Lal, B. 2005. Studies on plant associated

indigenous knowledge among the Malanis of Kullu district, Himachal

Pradesh.Ind. J. Trad. Know. 4: 403-408.

Sharma, P.K.1991. Herbal remedies for treating rheumatic pains in J & K. Ind. J.

Forestry 14: 206-210.

Sharma, Y.M.L. 1939. Gametogenasis and embryogeny of Tamarix ericoides

Rottl. Ann. Bot. 3: 861-870.

Sheahan, M.C. & Chase, M.W. 1996. A phylogenetic analysis of Zygophyllaceae

R.Br. based on morphological, anatomical and rbcL DNA sequence data.

Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 122: 279-300.

Sheahan, M.C. & Chase. M. W. 2000. Phylogenetic relationships within

Zygophyllaceae based on DNA sequences of three plastid regions, with

special emphasis on Zygophylloideae. Systematic Botany 25: 371-384.

References

271

Sheahan, M.C. & Cutler, D.F. 1993. Contribution of the vegetative anatomy to the

systematics of the Zygophyllaceae R. Br. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 113: 227-62.

Sheidai M. & Bagheri-Shabestarei, E.S. 2007. Cytotaxonomy of some Festuca

species and populations in Iran. Acta Bot. Croatica. 66: 143-151.

Sheidai M. & Fadael, F. 2005. Cytogenetic studies in some Bromus L. species sec.

Genea. Journal of Genetics. 84: 189-194.

Sheidai M., Bahmani. F., Enayatkhani, M. & Gholipour, A. 2009. Contribution to

cytotaxonomy of Silene: chromosome pairing and unreduced pollen grain

formation in sec. Sclerocalycinae. Acta Biol. Szeged.52: 87-92.

Sheidai M., Nikoo M. & Gholipour, A. 2008. Cytogenetic variability and new

chromosome number reports in Silene L. species (Sect. Lasiostemones,

Caryophyllaceae). Acta Biol. Szeged. 52: 313-319.

Sheidai, M. & Attaei, S. 2005. Meiotic studies of some Stipa (Poaceae) species

and population in Iran. Cytologia 70: 23-31.

Sheidai, M. & Nouroozi, M. 2005. Cytological studies on some species of Bromus

sect. Bromus. Botanica Lithuanica 11: 141-150.

Sheidai, M., Koobaz, P. & Zehzad, B. 2003. Meiotic studies of some Avena

species and populations in Iran. J. Sci. I. R. Iran. 14: 121-131.

Sheidai, M., Massoumi, A. R. & Pakravan, M. 1996. Karyotypes of some

Astragalus taxa. Nucleus 39: 111-113.

Sheng M,Y., Wang, L.J. & Tian, X.J. 2010. Karyomorphology of eighteen species

of genus Epimedium (Berberidaceae) and its phylogenetic implications.

Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 57:1165–1176.

Sher, H, Elyemeni, M., Hussain, K. & Sher, H. 2011. Ethnobotanical and

Economic Observations of Some Plant Resources from the Northern Parts

of Pakistan. Ethnob. Res. Appl. 9: 027-041

Shimotomai, N. 1929. Über die Chromosomenzahlen bei eingen Potentillen. Sci.

Rep. Tohoku Univ. Ser. 4:369-372.

Shkutina, F.M. & Kozlovskaya, V.F. 1974. Cytomixis in meiosis in some grass

forms in the subtribe Triticinae. Genetika 10: 5-12.

Shner, J. V., Alexeeva, T. V., Pimenov, M. G., & Wyk, B. E. V. 2011.

Chromosome numbers of South African Umbelliferae (Apiaceae). 77:

497-502.

Siddique, M.A.A., Jhon, A.Q. & Paul, T.M. 1995. Status of some important

medicinal and aromatic plants of Kashmir Himalaya. Adv. Plant Sci.

8:134-135.

Siddique, M.A.A. & Wafai, B.A. 1993. A new base number for Saussurea lappa

C.B. Clarke an important endangered medicinal plant of Kahsmir

Himalayas. CIS 54: 5-6.

Siddique, M.A.A., Wafai, B.A. & Dhar, U. 1990. Chromosome complement and

nucleolar organization in Podophyllum hexandrum Royle. Genetica 82:

59-62.

References

272

Siddique, M.A.A., Wafai, B.A. & Mahmood. 1998. Analysis of breeding system

in Himalayan mayapple. Pollen mother cell meiosis and pollen production

in Podophyllum hexandrum. Glimpses Plant Res. 12: 191-198.

Sidhu, M.K. & Bir, S.S. 1983. Karyological studies on weeds on cultivable lands

in Punjab, India. Trop. Plant Sci. Res. 1:1-13

Sidhu, M. K. 1979. Distributional and cytological studies of the weed flora of

cultivable fields of Patiala district (Panjab). Ph.D. Thesis, Punjabi Univ.

Patiala.

Sidhu, M.K., Gupta, R.C. & Goyal, N. 1990 SOCGI plant chromosome numbers

reports IX. J. Cytol. Genet. 25: 145.

Sidorchuk, Yu.V., Deineko, E.V. & Shumny, V.K. 2007. Peculiarities of

cytomixis in pollen mother cells of transgenic tobacco plants (Nicotiana

tabacum L.) with mutant phenotype. Cell Tiss. Biol. 49: 570-576.

Singh, D.K., Uniyal, B.P. & Mathur, R. 1999. Jammu & Kashmir. In: Mudgal, V.

& Hajra, P.K. (eds.). Floristic Diversity and Conservation Strategies in

India, II. pp. 905-974. Dehradun.

Singh, G. & Wafai, B.A. 1973. An exploration of Phanerogamic elements along

Kishtwar-Ducksum route, Jammu & Kashmir State.Indian For. 99: 310-

319.

Singh, M.K. & Singh U. 1969. Induction of colchiploidy in Lathyrus aphaca L.

Proc. 56th Indian Sci. Cong. Part 3: 370-371.

Singh, N. P., Singh, D. K. & Uniyal, B. P. 2002. Flora of Jammu and Kashmir,

Vol. I. Bot. Surv. India, Calcutta.

Singh, N.P., Vohra, J.N., Hajra, P.K. & Singh, D.K. 2000. Flora of India. Vol. 5.

Bot. Surv. India, Calcutta

Singh, R., Wafai, B.A. & Koul, A.K. 1987. Assessment of the germplasm of

apple grown in Kashmir Valley IV. Pollen mother cell meiosis of 58

diploid varieties under cultivations in Kashmir Valley. Cytologia 52: 577-

586.

Singh, V. 1994. Ethnobotanical observations on Dards tribe of Gurez valley in

Kashmir Himalaya. Ethnobiology in Human Welfere: abstracts of the

fourth international congress of ethnobotany, Lucknow, Utter Pradesh,

India, pp. 17-21Nov. pp.316.

Singh, V. 2002. Ethnobotanical observations on Dards tribe of Gurez valley in

Kashmir Himalaya. Ethnobiology in Human Welfare: abstracts of the

fourth international congress of ethnobiology, Lukhnow, Uttar Pradesh,

India 17-21 November. 316.

Singhal, V.K. & Gill, B.S. 1987. Cytological studies of some woody members of

Sterculiaceae. J. Cytol. Genet. 22: 95-101.

Singhal, V.K. & Gill, B.S. 1990. Chromosomal studies in some members of

Anacardiaceae. J. Cytol. Genet. 25: 36-42.

References

273

Singhal, V.K. & Gill, B.S.1985. Cytomixis in some woody species. Biologica

1:168-175.

Singhal, V.K. & Kaur, D. 2009. Spontaneous occurrence of meiotic spindle

abnormalities in ‘Long Headed Poppy’ (Papaver dubium L.) from Indian

cold regions. Cytologia 74: 385-389.

Singhal, V.K. & Kumar, P. 2008a. Impact of cytomixis on meiosis, pollen

viability and pollen size in wild populations of Himalayan poppy

(Meconopsis aculeata Royle). J. Biosci. 33: 371-380.

Singhal, V.K. & Kumar, P. 2008b. Cytomixis during microsporogenesis in the

diploid and tetraploid cytotypes of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, 1852

(Solanaceae). Comp. Cytogen. 2: 85-92.

Singhal, V.K. & Kumar, P. 2010. Variable sized pollen grains due to impaired

male meiosis in the cold desert plants of Western Himalayas (India). In:

Benjamin, J.K (ed.). Pollen: Structure Types and Effects. Nova Science

Publishers, Hauppauge, NY, USA. pp.100-126.

Singhal, V.K. 1982. Cytomorphological studies on some members of Polypetalae

from Northern and Central India. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Botany,

Punjabi Univ. Patiala.

Singhal, V.K. & Kaur, D. 2011a. Cytomixis and associated abnormalities during

male meiosis in a new tetraploid cytotype of Vicia pallid Turcz.

Fabaceae. Cytologia 76: 387-393.

Singhal, V.K. & Kaur, D. 2011b. Cytomixis inducing meiotic irregularities and

pollen malformation in Clematis graveolens Lindley from the cold deserts

of Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh, India. Cytologia 76:319-328.

Singhal, V.K., Gill, B.S. & Bir, S.S. 1980. In chromosome number reports

LXVII. Taxon 29: 347-363.

Singhal, V.K., Kaur, D. & Kumar, P. 2008. Effect of cytomixis on the pollen size

in ‘Seabuckthorn’ (Hippophae rhamnoides L., Elaeagnaceae). Cytologia

73: 167 172.

Singhal, V.K., Kaur, S. & Kumar, P. 2010. Aberrant male meiosis, pollen sterility

and variable sized pollen grains in Clematis montana Buch. Ham. ex DC.

from Dalhousie hills, Himachal Pradesh. Cytologia 75: 31-36.

Singhal, V.K., Kaur, S., Kaur, D. & Kumar, P. 2009a. New detection of haploid

chromosomes, pollen size and sterility in Lychnis indica Benth. var.

fimbriata Wall. Chrom. Bot. 4: 53-56.

Singhal, V.K., Kumar, P., Kaur, D. & Rana, P.K. 2009b. Chromatin transfer

during male meiosis resulted into heterogeneous sized pollen grains in

Anemone rivularis Buch.- Ham. ex DC. from Indian cold deserts.

Cytologia 74: 229-234.

Signorini, M.A, Mori, B. 1994 Caryological observations on Anemone pavonina

Lam. (Ranunculaceae) from Tuscany (Italy).Caryologia 47: 179-182

Sinha, B.M.B & Sinha, A.K. 1977. Meiotic studies in some species of

Umbelliferae. Cytologia 42: 465-471.

References

274

Sinha, S.S.N. & Godward, M.B.E. 1972. Radiation studies in Lotus cultivars.

Meiosis: abnormalities due to gamma radiation and its consequences.

Cytologia 37: 685-698.

Sinha, S.S. N. & Prasad R. 1973. Meiotic studies in some Indian Leguminosae.

Proc. Ind. Sci. Cong. Assoc. 60:320-331.

Sinoto, Y. 1929. On the tetrapartite chromosome in Hiimulus lupulus. Proc. Imp.

Acad. Tokyo 5.

Sodagar, N., Bahrami, A.R., Memariani, F., Ejtehadi, H., Vaezi, J. & Khosravi,

A.R. 2012. Biosystematic study of the genus Berberis L. (Berberidaceae)

in Khorassan, NE Iran. Plant Syst. Evol. 298:193-203.

Soják, J. 2008. Notes on Potentila XXI. A new division of the tribe Potentilleae

(Rosaceae) and notes on generic delimitations. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 127: 349-

358.

Soltis, D.E., Albert, V.A., Leebens-Mack, J., Bell, C.D., Paterson, A.H., Zheng,

C., Sankoff, D., dePamphilis, C.W., Wall, P.K. & Soltis, P.S. 2009.

Polyploidy and angiosperm diversification. Amer. J. Bot. 96: 336-348.

Soltis, D.E. 1988. Karyotypes of Bensoniclla, Conimitella, Lithophragma, and

Mitella and relationships in Saxifrageae (Saxifragaceae). Syst. Bot.13:64-

72.

Soltis, D.E. 1986. Karyotypic relationships among Astilboides, Bergenia,

Darmera and Mukdenia and their implications for subtribal boundaries in

Saxifragaceae. Canad. J. Bot. 64: 586-588.

Soltis, D. E., Kuzoff, R. K., Conti, E., Gornall, R., Ferguson, K. 1996. matK and

rbcL gene sequence data indicate that Saxifraga (Saxifragaceae) is

polyphyletic. Amer. J. Bot. 83: 371-82.

Soltis, D.E., Morgan, D.R. Grable, A., Soltis, P.S. & Kuzo, R. 1993. Molecular

systematics of Saxifragaceae sensu stricto. Amer. J.of Bot. 80: 1056-

1081.

Soltis, D. E., Soltis, P.S., Chase, M. W., Mort, M. E.,Albach, D. C.,Zanis, M.,

Savolainen, V. & et al. 2000. Angiosperm phylogeny inferred from a

combined data set of 18S rDNA, rbcL, and atpB sequences. Bot. J. Linn.

Soc.133: 381- 461.

Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S., Schemske, D.W., Hancock, J.F., Thompson, J.N.,

Husband, B.C. & Judd, W.S. 2007. Autopolyploidy in Angiosperms: have

we grossly underestimated the number of species? Taxon 56: 13-30.

Soltis, D.E., Soltis, P.S. & Tate, J.A. 2004. Advances in the study of polyploidy

since plant speciation. New Phytol. 161:173-191.

Soodan, A.S., Koul, A.K. & Wafai, B.A. 1988. Assessment of germplasm of

rosaceous fruit under cultivation in Kashmir Valley II. Meiotic systems

and pollen production in almond (Prunus amygdalus (L) Batsch, peach

(Prunus perssica) (l.) Batsch and their hybrid. Cytologia 53: 665-670.

References

275

Song, Y., Yuan, Y.M. & Kupfer, P. 2003. Chromosomal evolution in

Balsaminaceae, with cytological observations on 45 species from

Southeast Asia. Caryologia 56: 463-481.

Song, Z.q. & Li, X.f. 2009. Cytomixis in Pollen Mother Cells of Salvia

miltiorrhiza. Caryologia 62: 213-219.

Sonowal, R. & Barua, I. 2011. Ethnomedical Practices among the Tai-Khamyangs

of Assam, India. Ethno. Med. 5: 41-50.

Soueges, R. 1913.Researches sur I’embreyogenie des Ranunculceae. Bulletin de

la Société Botanique de France. 60: 150-157.

Španiel, S., Marhold, K., Hodálová, I. & Lihová, J. 2008. Diploid and tetraploid

cytotypes of Centaurea stoebe (Asteraceae) in central Europe:

morphological differentiation and cytotype distribution patterns. Folia

Geobot. 43: 131-158.

Sreenivasulu Y, Rana B, Chanda SK, Ahuja PS. 2010. Development of female

gameto phyte in Podophyllum hexandrum Royle - an important medicinal

herb. J. Bio. Life Sci. 1: 16-21.

Stebbins, G.L. 1970. Chromosomal Evolution in Flowering Plants. Arnold,

London.

Stebbins, G.L.1971. Chromosomal Evolution in Higher Plants. Addison-Wesley,

London.

Stebbins, G.L. 1938. Cytological characteristics associated with the different

growth habits in the dicotyledons. Amer. J. Bot. 25: 189-198.

Stebbins, G. L. 1958. Longevity, habitat and release of genetic variability in the

higher plants. Cold Spring Herb. Symp. Plant Biol. 23: 365-378.

Stebbins, G.L.1985. Polyploidy, hybridization, and the invasion of new habitats.

Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 72: 824-832.

Stebbins, G.L. 1950. Variation and Evolution in Plants. Columbia University

Press, New York.

Stepanov, N.V. 1994. Chromosome numbers of some higher plants taxa of the

flora of Krasnoyarsk region. Bot. Zhurn. 79: 135-139.

Stevens, P. F. 2001. (Onward). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, version 8 [more

or less continuously updated]. Website

Stewart, R. R. 1916-1917.The flora of Ladakh, western Tibet. Bull. Torrey Bot.

Club. 43: 625-650.

Steffensen, D. 1956. Effect of various cation imbalances on the frequency of X-

ray induced chromosomal aberrations in Tradescantia. Genetics 42: 239-

252.

Subramanian, D. 1979. Cytological studies in South Indian species of Rosaceae.

Soc. Adv. Bot. Annu. Conf. Dept. Bot., Punjab Agric. Univ. Ludhiana ,

Abstr.: 123-124.

Subramanian, D. 1986. Cytotaxonomical studies in south Indian Apiaceae.

Cytologia 51: 479- 488.

References

276

Subramanyan, K. & Kamathy, R.V.1967. In IOPB chromosome number reports.

XII Taxon 16: 341-350.

Suessenguth, K. 1953. Rhamnaceae, Vitaceae, Leeaceae. In: Engler, A.& Prantl,

K. (eds.). Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien 2, Aufl., 20d. Duncker and

Humbolt, Berlin, Germany.

Sugawara, T., Akiyama, S., Yang, Y.P. & Murata, J. 1997. Karyological

characteristics of Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) in Yunnan, China. Acta

Phytotax. Geobot. 48: 7-14.

Sugawara, T., Horii, Y., Kuhara, T. & Hirata, S. 1999. Morphological and

cytological notes on Silene aomorensis M. Mizush (Caryophyllaceae), a

threatened species in Japan. Shokubutsu Bunrui Chiri, 50: 21-26.

Sugiura, T. 1937. A list of chromosome numbers in angiospermous plants. III.

Bot. Mag. Tokyo 51: 425-426.

Sugiura, T. 1940. Chromosome studies on Papaveraceae with special reference to

the phylogeny. Cytologia 10:558-576.

Svensson, S. 1983. Chromosome numbers and morphology in the Capsella

bursapastoris

complex (Brassicaceae) in Greece. Willdenowia 13: 267-276.

Szafer, W. & Pawlowski, B. 1955. Potentilla L. In: Szafer,W. & Pawlowski, B.

(eds.). Flora of Poland. Vol.7. Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe,

Warszawa, pp. 96-43.

't Hart, H. 1991. Evolution and classification of the European Sedum species. Fl.

Medit. 1: 31-61.

't Hart, H. & Eggli, U. (Eds.), 1995. Evolution and Systematics of the

Crassulaceae. Leiden Backhuys.

't Hart, H., Sandbrink, J.M., Csikos, I., van Ooyen, A. & van Brederode, J., 1993.

Natural

hybrids in Sedum. 4. The amphiploid origin of S. rupestre ssp. rupestre. Pl. Syst.

Evol. 184: 195–206.

Takats, S.T. 1959. Chromatin extrusion and DNA transfer during

microsporogenesis. Chromosoma 10: 430-453.

Tak, M. A. & Wafai, B. A. 1997. Chromosome enumeration and pollen mother

cell meiosis of some wild and cultivated members of family

Ranunculaceae. Oriental Sci. 2: 1-12.

Tamura M. 1995. Angiospermae. Ordnung Ranunculales. Fam. Ranunculaceae.

II. Systematic Part. pp. 223–519. In: Hiepko, P. (ed.), Die natürliche

Pflanzenfamilien, ed. 2, 17aIV. Berlin: Duncker and Humblot.

Tamura, M. 1967. Morphology, ecology and phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae.

VII. Sci Rep Osaka Univ. 16:21-43.

Tamura M., 1993. Ranunculaceae: In: Kubitzky, K. (ed.). The families and

genera of vascular plants. 2. Flowering plants. Dicotyledons. Magnoliid,

Hamamelid and Caryophyllid families. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 563-

583.

References

277

Tarkowska, J. 1960. Cytomixis in the epidermis of scales and leaves and in

meristems of root apex of Allium cepa L. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 29: 149-168.

Takhtajan, A. 1997. Diversity and classification of flowering plants. Columbia

Univ. Press, New York, New York, USA.

Takhtajan, A. 1980. Outline of the classification of flowerinig planits

(Magnoliophyta). Bot. Rev. 46: 226-359.

Tanaka, R., Oginuma, K. & Toko, S.1988. Karyomorphological studies on 26

species in ten genera of the Onagraceae. Kromosomo 51-52: 1675-1696.

Tantray, M.A, Tariq, K.A, Mir, M.M, Bhat, M.A, Shawl, A.S.

2009. Ethnomedicinal survey of Shopian, Kashmir (J&K), India. Asian J.

Trad. Med. 4:1-6.

Tarar, J. L. & Dnyansagar, V. R. 1980. Comparison of ethyl methane sulphonate

and radiation induced meiotic abnormalities in Turnera ulmifolia L. var

angustifolia wild. Cytologia 45: 221-231.

Tardio, J, Pardo-De-Santayana, M & Morales R. 2006. Etnobotanical review of

wild edible plants in Spain. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 152: 27-71.

Tate, J.A. 2011. The status of Urocarpidium (Malvaceae): Insight from nuclear

and plastid-based phylogenies. Taxon 60: 1330-1338.

Taylor H. 1945. Cyto-taxonomy and phylogeny of the Oleaceae. Brittonia 5:337-

367.

te Beest, M., Le Roux., J. J., Richardson, D. M., Brysting, A. K., Suda, J.,

Kubesova, M. & Pysek, P. 2012. The more the better? The role of

polyploidy in fasciliating plant invasions, Ann. Bot., 109:19-45.

Thomas, P.T. & Revell, S.H. 1946. Secondary association and heterochromatic

attraction. I. Cicer arietinum. Ann. Bot. 38: 159-164.

Thompson, M.M. 1995. Chromosome numbers of Rubus species at the National

Clonal Germplasm Repository. Hort. Science 30:1447-1452.

Thorne, R. F.1992a. An updated phylogenetic classification of the flowering

plants. Aliso 13: 365-389.

Thorne, R. F.1992b. Classification and geography of the flowering plants. The

Bot. Rev. 58: 225-348.

Thorne, R . F. 1992c. Proposed new realignments of the Angiosperms. Nord. J .

Bot. 2: 85-117.

Thorne, R.F. 1968. Synopsis of a putatively phylogenetic classification of the

flowering plants. Aliso 6: 57-66.

Thorne, R.F. 1983. Proposed new realignments of the Angiosperms. Nordic J.

Bot. 3: 85-117.

Tischler, G. 1938. Pflanzliche Chromosomen-Zahlen. IV. Tabulae Biol. 16: 162-

218.

Tomasz, I. & Kolodziejek, J. 2008. Chromosome numbers of Potentilla subsect.

Collinae (Rosaceae) from Poland. Caryologia 61: 170-175.

Tomasz, I. & Mitka, J. 2009. Chromosome numbers in Aconitum sect. Aconitum

(Ranunculaceae) from the Carpathians. Caryologia 62: 198-203.

References

278

Turner, B.L & Fearing, O.S. 1959. Chromosome numbers in the Leguminosae II:

African species, including phyletic interpretations. Amer. J. Bot. 46: 49-

57.

Turner, B.L. & Mendenhall, M. 1993. A revision of Malvaviscus (Malvaceae).

Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 439- 457.

Tyagi, B. R. 2003. Cytomixis in pollen mother cells of spearmint (Mentha spicata

L.). Cytologia 68: 67-73.

Uhl, C. 1963. Chromosomes and phylogeny of the Crassulaceae. Cact. Succ. J.

(US) 35: 3- 7.

Uhl, C. 1978. Chromosomes of Mexican Sedum II. Section Pachysedum. Rhodora

80: 491-512.

Uhl, C. 1992. Polyploidy, disploidy, and chromosomes pairing in Echeveria

(Crassulaceae) and its hybrids. Amer. J. Bot. 79: 556-566.

Ulbrich, E. 1905-1906. Uber die systematische Gliederung und geographische

Verbreitung der Gattung Anemone L. Botanische Jahrbiicher fur

Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzen- geographie 37: 172-334.

Vachova, M. & Majovsky, J. 1980. IOPB Chromosome number reports LXIX.

Taxon 29: 720-721.

Vaidya B.L. & Joshi K.K. 2003. Cytogenetical studies of some species of

Himalayan Anemone and Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae). Cytologia 68: 61-

66.

van der Walt, J. J. A. 1990. Taxonomic revision of Pelargonium: contributions of

the Stellenbosch research team. In: Vorster, P.J.(ed.). Proc. Intl.

Geraniaceae Symposium, 93-111. Univ. Stellenbosch, Republic of South

Africa.

Viinikka, Y. & Nokkala, S. 1981. Interchromosomal connections in meiosis of

Secale cereale. Hereditas 95: 219-224.

Vij, S.P. & Gupta, G.C. 1975. Cytological investigations in West Himalayan

Orchidaceae I. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of taxa from

Kashmir. Cytologia 40: 613- 621.

Villeneuve, A.M. and Hillers, K.J. 2001. Whence meiosis? Cell 106: 647-650.

Villeux, R. 1985. Diploid and polyploidy gametes in Crop Plants: Mechanisms of

formation and utilization in plant breeding. In: Janick, J. (ed.). Plant

Breed Rev 3, p. 442. AVI Publishing Co. Wesport, Connecticut.

Virendra, S., Singh, V., Singh, V. K., Govil, J. N. and Singh, G. 2002. Herbal

remedies in the traditional medicines of the Lolab valley in Kashmir

Himalaya. Recent Prog. Medicinal Plants 1: 63-71.

Vizintin, L., Javornik, B. & Bohanec, B. 2006. Genetic characterization of

selected Trifolium species as revealed by nuclear DNA content and ITS

rDNA region analysis. Plant Science 170: 859-866.

Volkova, S.A., Basargin, D. D. & Gorovoy, P. G. 1994. Chromosome numbers in

representatives of some families of the flora of Russian Far East. Bot.

Žurn. 79: 122-123.

References

279

Vorsa, N. & Bingham, E.T., 1979. Cytology of 2n pollen formation in diploid

alfa, Medicago sativa. Can. J. Genet. Cytol., 21: 525-530.

Wafai, B.A. 1977. Cytoembryology of some species of the genera Tulipa and

Fritillaria. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of Kashmir.

Wafai, B.A. & Gouk, A. 1986. Karyotype analysis of Himalayan tulips. A prelude

to taxonomic rearrangement within subsection Clusianae (Genus Tulipa

L.). Rev. Biol. Rev. Brasil. & Portug. Biol. Geral. 13: 65-73.

Wafai, B.A. & Koul, A.K. 1974. Studies on the genus Tulipa III. Nature of

triploidy in Tulipa lanata Regel. In: Kachroo, P. (ed.) Advancing

Frontiers inCytogenetics. Hindustan Publ. Corp. Delhi. pp. 236-243.

Waldeyer, W. 1888. Über Karyokinese und ihre Beziehungen zu den

Befruchtungsvorgängen. Arch mikrosk Anat. 32:1-122.

Wang, L.S. 2008. The confusing identity of Pternopetalum molle (Apiaceae).

Bot.J. Linn. Soc. 158: 274–295.

Wang, Q.Z., He, X.J., Zhou, S.D., Wu, Y.K., Yu, Y. & Pang, Y.L. 2008.

Phylogenetic inference of the genus Bupleurum (Apiaceae) in Hengduan

Mountains based on chromosome counts and nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS

sequences. J. Syst. Evol. 46: 142-154.

Wendel, J. & Doyle, J. 2005. Polyploidy and evolution in plants. In: Henry RJ,

editor. Plant diversity and evolution: genotypic and pheontypic variation

in higher plants. Oxfordshire (UK): CABI. p. 97–117.

Wang, R.F., Yang, X.W., Ma, C.M., Cai, S.Q., Li, J.N. & Shoyama, Y. 2004.

Abioactive alkaloid from the flowers of Trollius chinensis. Heterocycles

63: 1443- 1448.

Wang, S.Yu., Yui, Ch.Kh., Lee, S., Wang, Ch.I. & Chzan, G.Ch. 2004.

Ultrastructure and possible origin of the cytoplasmic channels providing

connection between cells of anther vegetative tissues. Fiziol. Rastenii 51:

110-120.

Wang, W., Lu, A.M., Ren, Y., Endress, M.E. & Chen, Z.D. 2009. Phylogeny and

classification of Ranunculales: evidence from four molecular loci and

morphological data. Perspect. Pl. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 11: 81-110.

Wannenmache, Rr. 1986. Cruciferae. In: Hegi, G. (ed.). Illustrierte Fl.

Mitteleuropa 4: 7- 514. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin.

Warburg, E.F. 1938. Taxonomy and relationship in the Geraniales in the light of

their cytology. New Phytol. 37: 130-159.

Warwick, S. I. & Al-Shehbaz, I. A. 2006. Brassicaceae: Chromosome number

index and database on CD-Rom. Pl. Syst. Evol. 259: 237 -248.

Warwick, S. I., Al-Shehbaz, I. A., Robert, A. P. & Sauder, C. 2002: Phylogeny of

Sisymbrium based on ITS sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Canad. J.

Bot. 80:1002- 1017.

Webb, D. A. & Gornall, R. J. 1989. A manual of saxifrages and their cultivation.

Timber Press, Portland.

References

280

Weber, H. E. 1996. Former and modem taxonomic treatment of the apomictic

Rubus complex. Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 31: 373-380.

Wen, J. 2007. Vitaceae. In: The families and genera of vascular plants, volume 9.

Edited by K. Kubitzki. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany. pp. 466–478.

Wen, J., Nie, Z.-L., Soejima, A. & Meng, Y. 2007. Phylogeny of Vitaceae based

on the nuclear GAI1 gene sequences. Canad. J. Bot. 85:731-745.

Wen, J., Nie, Ze.L., Soejima, A. & Meng, Y. 2007. Phylogeny of Vitaceae based

on the nuclear GAI1 gene sequences. Can. J. Bot. 85: 731-745.

Wendel, J.F. 2000. Genome evolution in polyploids. Plant Mol. Biol. 42: 225-

249.

Wendel, J.F. & Doyle, J.J. 2005. Polyploidy and evolution in plants. In: Henry,

R.J. (ed.). Plant Diversity and Evolution: Genotypic and Phenotypic

Variation in Higher Plants. CABI Publishing, Cambridge, MA, USA. pp.

97-117.

Wilbur, R. L. 1963. Psoralea pp.114-121. In The Leguminous Plants of North

Carolina. North Carolina Agricultural Experiment Station Tech. Bull.

151.

Wilson, E.B. 1907. The supernumerary chromosomes of Hemiptera. Science 26:

870-871.

Winge, Ö. 1917. The chromosomes: Their numbers and general importance.

Comptes Rendus des Travaux du Laboratoire Carlsberg 13: 131-175.

Wissemann, V. & Ritz, C. M. 2005. The genus Rosa (Rosoideae, Rosaceae)

revisited: molecular analysis of nrITS-1 and atp B-rbc L intergenic spacer

(IGS) versus conventional taxonomy. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 147:275–290.

Wojciechowski, M. F. 2005. Astragalus (Fabaceae): A molecular phylogenetic

perspec tive. Brittonia 57: 382-396.

Wojciechowski, M. F., M. Lavin. & Sanderson, M. J. 2004. A phylogeny of

legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene

resolves many well supported subclades within the family. Amer. J. Bot.

91:1846-1862.

Wojchiechowski, M. F., Sanderson, M. J. & Hu, J. 1999. Evidence on the

monophyly of Astragalus (Fabaceae) and its major subgroups based on

nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and chloroplast DNA trnL intron data. Syst.

Bot. 24: 409-437.

Wolf, T., 1908. Monographie der Gattung Potentilla. Biblioth. Bot. 16 (Heft 71):

1-714.

Wood, T.E., Takebayashi, N., Barker, M.S., Mayrose, I., Greenspoon, P. &

Rieseberg, L.H. 2009. The frequency of polyploid speciation in vascular

plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 13875-13879.

Wright, J. W. 1976. Introduction to Forest Genetics. Academic Press, New York.

Wu, Z.Y. & Chuang, H.1980. A study on the taxonomic system of the genus

Meconopsis. Acta Bot.Yunnan 2: 371-381.

References

281

Xu, B. S.,Weng, R. F. & Zhang, M. Z. 1992. Chromosome numbers of Shanghai

plants I. Investigatio et Studium Naturae, 12: 48-65.

Yamamoto, K. 1986. Interspecific hybridisation among Vicia narborensis and its

related species. Biol. Zbi. 105: 181-197.

Yan-Jun, Z., Meng, A.P., Li, J.Q., Dang, H.S. & Li, X.W. 2006. Observation on

meiotic behavior in three Mahonia species, with special reference to the

intergeneric relationship of Mahonia and Berberis. Caryologia 59:305-311

Yang, T. W., Hunziker, J. H., Poggio, L. & Naranjo, C. A. 1977. Hybridization

between South American jarilla and North American diploid creosote

bush (Larrea, Zygophyllaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 126: 331-346.

Yang, Y.W., Lai, K.N., Tai, P.Y. & Li, W.H. 1999. Rates of nucleotide

substitution in Angiosperm mitochondrial DNA sequences and dates of

divergence between Brassica and other Angiosperm lineages. J. Mol.

Evol. 48: 597-604.

Yen, C., Yan, J.L. & Sun, G.L. 1993. Intermeiocyte connections and cytomixis in

intergeneric hybrid of Roegneria ciliaris (Trin.) Nevski with

Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng. Cytologia 58: 187-193.

Yılmaz, A., Martin, E., Ünal, F. & Akan, H. 2009. Karyological study on six

Trigonella L. species (Leguminosae) in Turkey. Caryologia 62: 89-94.

Ying, M., Xie, H-Y., Nie, Z-L., Gu, Z-J. &Yang, Y-P. 2006. A

karyomorphological study on four species of Meconopsis Vig.

(Papaveraceae) from the Hengduan Moun- tains, SW China. Caryologia

59: 1-6.

Yogeeswaran, K., Frary, A., York, T. L., Amenta, A., Lesser, A. H., Nasrallah, J.

B., Tanksley, S. D. & Nasrallah, M. E. 2005. Comparative genome

analyses of Arabidopsis spp.: Inferring chromosomal rearrangement

events in the evolutionnary history of A. thaliana. Genome Res. 15: 505-

515.

Yu, S. N. & Horn, W. A. H. 1988. Additional chromosome numbers in

Pelargonium (Geraniaceae). Pl. Syst. Evol. 159: 165-171.

Yuan, Y.-M., Song, Y., Geuten, K., Rahelivololona, E., Wohlhauser, S., Fischer,

E., Smets, E. & Kupfer, P. 2004. Phylogeny and biogeography of

Balsaminaceae inferred from ITS sequences. Taxon 53: 391–403.

Yuan, Q. & Yang, Q. 2005. Polyploidy in Aconitum subgenus Lycoctonum

(Ranunculaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 150: 343-353.

Yue, JP., Gu, Z.J., Al-Shehbaz, I.A. & Sun, H. 2004. Cytological studies on the

Sino-Himalayan endemic Solms-laubachia and two related genera

(Brassicaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 145: 77-86.

Zakaria, R. 2003. Systematic Studies on Guttiferae Juss. and Hypericaceae Juss.

Of Peninsular Malaysia. M. Sc. Thesis, Univ. Putra Malaysia,

Zarre, S. & Podlech, D.1997. Problems in the taxonomy of tragacanthic Astragali.

Sendtnera 4: 243-250.

References

282

Zhang, P.Y. & Zhang, Y.J. 1984. A study on the taxonomy of the genus

Myricaria Desv. in China. Bull. Bot. Res. 4: 67-80.

Zhang, D.Y. 2005. Discuss on some systematical problems of Tamaricaceae. Acta

Bot. Yunn. 27: 471-478.

Zhang, S.Z., Pan, K.Y., Zhang, D.M. & Hong, D.Y. 1997. Observation on

abnormal meiosis of pollen mother cells in Paeonia suffruticacosa subsp.

spontacea. Acta. Bot. Sin. 39: 397-404.

Zhou, L-H.1996. On the geographical distribution of Arenaria L. Acta Phytotax.

Sini. 34: 229-241.

Ziman, S. & Keener, C.S.1989. A geographical analysis of the family

Ranuculaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76:1012-1049.

Zinov'eva-Stahevitch A.E. & Grant, W.F.1985. Aberrant microsporogensis

Impatiens L. (Balsaminaceae) and its bearing on the taxonomy of the

genus. Cytologia 50: 825-836.

Zündorf, W. 1939. Zytogenetissche- entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersurchungen

in der Veronica-Gruppe Biloba der Sektion Alsinebe Griseb. Z. Indukt.

Abstamn. Verebungsl. 77: 195-238.