90 Navigation - Austro Control

ECQB-PPL Examination Questions

PPL(A)

Compliant to (EU) No. 1178/2011

and

AMC FCL.115, .120, .210, .215

(Extract)

90 – Navigation

ECQB-PPL (AT) 90 Navigation PPL(A)

v2015.4 2

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v2015.4 3

1 An observer is located north of the plane of the ecliptic.

Which statement is correct? (1,00 P.)

The Earth moves on an elliptical orbit around the sun and the rotational direction is counterclockwise

The Earth moves on a circular orbit around the sun and the rotational direction is counterclockwise

The Earth moves on an elliptical orbit around the sun and the rotational direction is clockwise The Earth moves on a circular orbit around the sun and the rotational direction is clockwise

2 The distance between the Earth and the sun is approximately... (1,00 P.)

150000000 km 300000 km 150000000 NM 162000 NM

3 Which statement is correct with regard to the positional orientation of the polar axis

of the Earth to the plane of the ecliptic (plane of the sun's movement in space)? (1,00

P.)

The angle between the polar axis of the Earth and the plane of the ecliptic is approximately 66.5° The angle between the polar axis of the Earth and the plane of the ecliptic is approximately 23.5° The polar axis of the Earth is parallel to the plane of the ecliptic The angle between the polar axis of the Earth and the plane of the ecliptic is approximately 90°

4 The reason for the different seasons on Earth is... (1,00 P.)

the elliptical orbit of the Earth around the sun. the variation of the solar radiation during the year. the inclination of the polar axis to the plane of the ecliptic (plane of the sun's movement in

space). the variation of the Earth's orbital speed during the year.

5 The rotational axis of the Earth crosses the earth at the... (1,00 P.)

geographic North Pole and on the geographic South Pole. magnetic north pole and on the geographic South Pole. geographic North Pole and on the magnetic south pole. magnetic north pole and on the magnetic south pole.


v2015.4 4

6 An observer is located on the North Pole.

Which statement is correct with regard to the rotational direction of the Earth?

See figure (NAV-001)

O: Observer

A: Axis

NH: Northern hemisphere

E: Equator

SH: Southern hemisphere (1,00 P.)

The Earth is rotating counterclockwise The Earth is rotating to the north The Earth is rotating to the south The Earth is rotating clockwise

7 Which statement is correct with regard to the polar axis of the Earth? (1,00 P.)

The polar axis of the Earth crosses the magnetic south pole and the magnetic north pole and is perpendicular to the plane of the equator

The polar axis of the Earth crosses the geographic South Pole and the geographic North Pole and is perpendicular to the plane of the equator

The polar axis of the Earth crosses the magnetic south pole and the magnetic north pole and is at an angle of 66.5° to the plane of the equator

The polar axis of the Earth crosses the geographic South Pole and the geographic North Pole and is at an angle of 23.5° to the plane of the equator

8 Which geometrical form describes the shape of the Earth best for navigation

systems? (1,00 P.)

Perfect sphere Sphere of ecliptical shape Ellipsoid Flat plate


v2015.4 5

9 Which statement is correct? (1,00 P.)

A rhumb line is a great circle perpendicular to the equator A rhumb line cuts each meridian at the same angle A rhumb line has the shortest distance between two points on Earth The center of a complete cycle of a rhumb line is always the Earth's center

10 Which of the following arcs does not have the Earth's center as its center? (1,00 P.)

Equator Parallel of longitude Great Circle Small Cirle

11 The shortest distance between two points on Earth is represented by a part of... (1,00

P.)

a small circle. a great circle. a rhumb line. a parallel of latitude.

12 The circumference of the Earth at the equator is approximately...

See figure (NAV-002) (1,00 P.)

40000 km. 10800 NM. 21600 km. 12800 km.


v2015.4 6

13 The radius of the Earth at the equator is approximately...


6400 km. 12800 km. 6400 NM. 40000 km.

14 Which answer contains only small circles? (1,00 P.)

Arctic Circle. 20° S parallel of latitude. Antarctic Circle.

Arctic Circle. Greenwich circle of longitude. Antarctic Circle.

Circle with its circular plane intersecting the Earth's centre. 10° N parallel of latitude. Equator.

Greenwich circle of longitude. 10° N parallel of latitude. Equator.

15 An aeroplane flies from Hanover (52°28'N, 009°59'E) to Hamburg (53°38'N, 009°59'E)

on a northerly heading.

What is the distance between Hanover and Hamburg? (1,00 P.)

70 NM 70 km 83 NM 83 km


v2015.4 7

16 An aeroplane flies from Hanover (52°28'N, 009°59'E) to Kiel (54°23'N, 009°59'E) on a

northerly heading.

What is the distance between Hanover and Kiel?

(1,00 P.)

115 NM 115 km 83 NM 83 km

17 The equator is a... (1,00 P.)

parallel of latitude. parallel of longitude. small circle. semi circle.

18 What is the difference in longitude between A (12°53'30''N) and B (07°34'30''S)? (1,00

P.)

06°41'00'' 19°28'00'' 05°19'00'' 20°28'00''

19 Where are the two polar circles? (1,00 P.)

20.5° south of the poles 23.5° north and south of the equator At a latitude of 20.5°S and 20.5°N 23.5° north and south of the poles

20 Which climate zones are divided by the polar circle? (1,00 P.)

Subtropical and tropical Temperate and subtropical Polar and subtropical Polar and temperate

21 What is the distance between the parallels of latitude 48°N and 49°N? (1,00 P.)

60'' 60 NM 60 SM 60 km


v2015.4 8

22 What is the great circle distance between two parallels of latitude when the difference

in between is exactly one degree of latitude? (1,00 P.)

60 NM 1 NM 60 km 30 NM

23 Point A on the Earth's surface lies exactly on the parallel of latitude of 47°50'27''N.

Which point is exactly 240 NM north of A? (1,00 P.)

51°50'27'N' 49°50'27''N 43°50'27''N 53°50'27''N

24 An aeroplane flies from Klagenfurt (46°40'N, 014°20'E) to Linz (48°15'N, 014°20'E).

What is the distance between Klagenfurt and Linz?

(1,00 P.)

95 NM 95 km 51 NM 51 km

25 What is the distance between the two parallels of longitude 150°E and 151°E on the

equator? (1,00 P.)

60 SM 60 km 111 km 111 NM

26 What is the distance between the two parallels of longitude 9°E and 10°E on the

parallel of latitude 50°N?

(1,00 P.)

60 NM 222 km 56 km 60'


v2015.4 9

27 What is the great circle distance between two points A and B on the equator when the

difference between the two associated meridians is exactly one degree of longitude?

(1,00 P.)

60 NM 120 NM 216 NM 400 NM

28 Assume two arbitrary points A and B on the same parallel of latitude, but not on the

equator. Point A is located on 010°E and point B on 020°E.

The rumb line distance between A and B is always... (1,00 P.)

less than 600 NM. more than 600 NM. less than 300 NM. more than 300 NM.

29 Assume two points A and B, both located on 60°N. Point A is located on 020°W, point

B on 010°W.

The rhumb line distance between them equals... (1,00 P.)

300 NM. 600 NM. 600 km. 300 km.

30 An aircraft is situated on 60°N 040°W.

The rhumb line distance to the position 60°N 000°W on the Greenwich meridian

equals... (2,00 P.)

1200 NM. 600 NM. 2400 km. 1200 km.

31 What is the difference in time when the sun moves 20° of longitude? (1,00 P.)

1:00 h 0:40 h 1:20 h 0:20 h


v2015.4 10

32 What is the difference in time when the sun moves 10° of longitude? (1,00 P.)

0:40 h 1:00 h 0:04 h 0:30 h

33 On which position is the DVOR/DME Salzburg located?

See annex (NAV-008) (1,00 P.)

See annex 1

N48°00`, E014°00´. S48°00`, W012°53`. N48°00`, E012°53`. S48°00`, E013°07`.

34 The sun moves 10° of longitude. What is the difference in time?

(1,00 P.)

0.66 h 1 h 0.33 h 0.4 h

35 1600 Central European Summer Time (CEST) equals... (1,00 P.)

1500 UTC. 1600 UTC. 1700 UTC. 1400 UTC.

36 On which position is the NDB Salzburg (SBG) located?


See annex 2

N47°57', E013°00'. N47°58', E012°54'. N47°49', E012°59'. N48°14', E012°59'.


v2015.4 11

37 UTC is... (1,00 P.)

a local time in Central Europe. an obligatory time used in aviation. a zonal time. local mean time at a specific point on Earth.

38 On which position is the Aerodrome of Kirchdorf/Inn (EDNK) located?


See annex 2

N47°47', E013°00'. N47°48', E012°53'. N47°49', E012°59'. N48°14', E012°59'.

39 1700 Central European Time (CET) equals... (1,00 P.)

1500 UTC. 1800 UTC. 1600 UTC. 1700 UTC.

40 On which position is the Aerodrome of Linz (LOWL) located?


See annex 2

N48°14', E014°11'. N48°13', E014°06'. N48°10', E014°02'. N48°12', E013°20'.

41 On which position is the DVOR/DME Linz (LNZ) located?


See annex 2

N48°14', E014°11'. N48°13', E014°06'. N48°10', E014°02'. N48°12', E013°20'.


v2015.4 12

42 The city of Hamburg is located on meridian 10°E, using a standard time of UTC + 1 h

or UTC + 2 h (summer daylight savings).

Which of the following statements is correct for an arbitrary time during one year?

UTC: Universal Time Coordinated

LMT: Local mean time

ST: Standard time (1,00 P.)

UTC, LMT and ST always have different values during the whole year LMT and ST are always the same, only the value of UTC is different UTC and ST are always the same, only the value of LMT is different UTC and ST are different, ST equals LMT once a day

43 On which position is the Airport of Ried-Kirchheim (LOLK) located?


See annex 2

N48°14', E014°11'. N48°13', E014°06'. N48°10', E014°02'. N48°12', E013°20'.

44 What is located at N48°00', E013°16'?


See annex 2

A compulsory reporting point. A village. A city. A peak.

45 An aircraft is located at a position east of the 180° meridian heading towards a

position west of this meridian.


The aircraft passes the dateline and the date increases by one day The aircraft passes the dateline and the date decreases by one day The aircraft passes the dateline and the date decreases by two days The aircraft passes the dateline and the date increases by two days


v2015.4 13



See annex 2


47 Vienna (LOWW) is located at 016° 34'E, Salzburg (LOWS) at 013° 00'E. The latitude of

both positions can be considered as equal.

What is the difference of sunrise and sunset between Wien and Salzburg? (2,00 P.)

In Vienna the sunrise and sunset are about 14 minutes earlier than in Salzburg In Vienna the sunrise and sunset are about 4 minutes later than in Salzburg In Vienna the sunrise is 14 minutes earlier and sunset is 14 minutes later than in Salzburg In Vienna the sunrise is 4 minutes later and sunset is 4 minutes earlier than in Salzburg

48 The term 'sunrise' is defined as... (1,00 P.)

the point in time when an observer for the first time on the particular day is able to see the upper edge of the sun disk.

the point in time when an observer for the first time on the particular day is able to see the full sun disk.

the point in time when an observer for the first time on the particular day is able to see half of the sun disk.

the point in time when an observer for the first time on the particular day is able to see the centre of the sun disk.

49 The term 'sunset' is defined as... (1,00 P.)

the point in time when the upper edge of the sun disk disappears below the horizon. the point in time when the lower edge of the sun disk disappears below the horizon. the point in time when the centre of the sun disk disappears below the horizon. the point in time when the first part of the sun disk disappears below the horizon.



See annex 2



v2015.4 14

51 The term 'civil twilight' is defined as... (1,00 P.)

the period of time before sunrise or after sunset where the midpoint of the sun disk is 6 degrees or less below the true horizon.

the period of time before sunrise or after sunset where the midpoint of the sun disk is 6 degrees or less below the apparent horizon.

the period of time before sunrise or after sunset where the midpoint of the sun disk is 12 degrees or less below the true horizon.

the period of time before sunrise or after sunset where the midpoint of the sun disk is 12 degrees or less below the apparent horizon.

52 Given:

TC: 032°; WCA: +11°; DEV: 001° W; CH: 049°

What are TH, VAR und MH?

(2,00 P.)

TH: 043°. VAR: 005° W. MH: 048°.

TH: 043°. VAR: 005° E. MH: 048°.

TH: 048°. VAR: 005° E. MH: 050°.

TH: 048°. VAR: 005° W. MH: 043°.

53 Given:

TC: 105°; WCA: +009°; MH: 119°; CH: 120°

What are VAR and DEV?

(2,00 P.)

VAR: 005° E. DEV: -001°.

VAR: 005° E. DEV: +001°.

VAR: 005° W. DEV: +001°.

VAR: 005° W. DEV: -001°.


v2015.4 15

54 Given:

WCA: -012°; TH: 125°; MC: 139°; DEV: 002°E

What are: TC, MH und CH?

(2,00 P.)

TC: 137°. MH: 139°. CH: 125°.

TC: 137°. MH: 127°. CH: 125°.

TC: 113°. MH: 127°. CH: 129°.

TC: 113°. MH: 139°. CH: 129°.

55 Given:

TC: 179°; VAR: 004° E; DEV: +002°

What are MC and CC?

(1,00 P.)

MC: 183°. CC: 185°.

MC: 185°. CC: 183°.

MC: 175°. CC: 173°.

MC: 175°. CC: 177°.


v2015.4 16

56 Given:

VAR: 005° E; MC: 232°; DEV: +001°

What are TC and CC?

(1,00 P.)

TC: 227°. CC: 231°.

TC: 227°. CC: 233°.

TC: 237°. CC: 231°.

TC: 237°. CC: 233°.

57 Which formula is correct to calculate the magnetic course (MC)? (1,00 P.)

MC = CC - DEV MC = TC - VAR MC = TC + VAR MC = TH - VAR

58 Which formula is correct to calculate the magnetic heading (MH)?

(1,00 P.)

MH = TH + VAR MH = CH + DEV MH = TC - VAR MH = MC - WCA

59 What is the value on the compass card of the direction south-southeast? (1,00 P.)

135° 157.5° 155.7° 180°

60 What is the value on the compass card of the direction south-southwest?

(1,00 P.)

200° 220° 202.5° 222°


v2015.4 17

61 The angle between the true course and the true heading is called... (1,00 P.)

deviation. WCA. inclination. variation.

62 The angle between the magnetic course and the true course is called... (1,00 P.)

deviation. inclination. WCA. variation.

63 The term ‚magnetic course' (MC) is defined as... (1,00 P.)

the angle between magnetic north and an arbitrary direction. the angle between true north and an arbitrary direction. the direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the magnetic north pole. the direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the geographic North Pole.

64 The term 'True Course' (TC) is defined as... (1,00 P.)

the measurement for any direction on Earth in reference to true north (TN), defined as the angle between true north and that direction.

the measurement for any direction on Earth in reference to magnetic north (MN), defined as the angle between magnetic north and that direction.

the direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the magnetic north pole. the direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the geographic North Pole.

65 Given:

TC: 183°; WCA: +011°; MH: 198°; CH: 200°

What are the TH and the DEV?

(2,00 P.)

TH: 194°. DEV: +002°.

TH: 172°. DEV: -002°.

TH: 194°. DEV: -002°.

TH: 172°. DEV: +002°.


v2015.4 18

66 Given:

TC: 183°; WCA: +011°; MH: 198°; CH: 200°

What are the VAR and the DEV?

(2,00 P.)

VAR: 004° E. DEV: -002°.

VAR: 004° E. DEV: +002°.

VAR: 004° W. DEV: -002°.

VAR: 004° W. DEV: +002°.

67 Given:

TC: 168°; WCA: +012°; MH: 178°; CH 176°

What are TH and VAR?

(2,00 P.)

TH: 180°. VAR: 002° W.

TH: 180°. VAR: 002° E.

TH: 152°. VAR: 002° W.

TH: 152°. VAR: 002° E.


v2015.4 19

68 Given:

TC: 168°; WCA: +012°; MH: 178°; CH 176°

What are VAR and DEV?

(2,00 P.)

VAR: 002° W. DEV: -002°.

VAR: 002° E. DEV: +002°.

VAR: 002° W. DEV: +002°.

VAR: 002° E. DEV: -002°.

69 What is the correct formula to calculate the magnetic course (MC)? (1,00 P.)

MC = CH + DEV MC = MH - WCA MC = TC + VAR MC = CC - DEV

70 The true course of the direction north-northwest equals... (1,00 P.)

337.5° 315.5° 330.5° 345.5°

71 The true course of the direction north-northeast equals... (1,00 P.)

022.5° 45.5° 037.5° 067.5°

72 Where does the inclination reach its lowest value?

(1,00 P.)

At the geographic equator At the magnetic equator At the magnetic poles At the geographic poles


v2015.4 20

73 The angle between compass north and magnetic north is called... (1,00 P.)

deviation. WCA. variation. inclination.

74 The term 'compass north' (CN) is defined as... (1,00 P.)

the reading of the northern direction on the magnetic compass on board the aircraft. the angle between the aircraft heading and magnetic north. The most northerly part of the magnetic compass in the aircraft, where the reading takes place. The direction from an arbitrary point on Earth to the geographical North Pole.

75 The term 'isogonal' or 'isogonic line' is defined as a line on an aeronautical chart,

connecting all points with the same value of... (1,00 P.)

variation. deviation. inclination. heading.

76 The term 'agonic line' is defined as a line on Earth or an aeronautical chart,

connecting all points with the... (1,00 P.)

variation of 0°. deviation of 0°. inclination of 0°. heading of 0°.

77 Which are the official basic units for distances used in aeronautical navigation and

their abbreviations? (1,00 P.)

Nautical miles (NM), kilometers (km) Land miles (SM), sea miles (NM) Yards (yd), meters (m) feet (ft), inches (in)

78 3500 m equal... (1,00 P.)

3.5 NM. 6.48 NM. 35 NM. 1.89 NM.


v2015.4 21

79 1000 ft equal... (1,00 P.)

300 m. 30 m. 3000 m. 30 km.

80 5500 m equal... (1,00 P.)

7500 ft. 10000 ft. 18000 ft. 30000 ft.

81 5.5 NM equal... (1,00 P.)

10 km. 1000 m. 3300 m. 33 km.

82 Which of the items on the attached checklist are related to the direct reading

compass?


See annex 3

"Gyro" and "Turning Instruments" "Turning Instruments" only "Gyro" and "Circuit Breaker" "Turning Instruments" and "Circuit Breaker"

83 The magnetic north pole is located... (1,00 P.)

in the arctis of Canada. south of Newfoundland. east of Norway. in the mountains of Alaska.

84 Which statement is correct with regard to the term 'Variation' (VAR) and its value?

(1,00 P.)

Its value depends, among others, on the location Its value is constant everywhere on Earth Its value is a direct function of the longitude Its value depends on the magnetic field of the aircraft


v2015.4 22

85 What could be a reason for changing the runway indicators at aerodromes (e.g. from

runway 06 to runway 07)? (1,00 P.)

The magnetic variation of the runway location has changed The magnetic deviation of the runway location has changed The true direction of the runway alignment has changed The direction of the approach path has changed

86 Electronic devices on board of an aeroplane have influence on the... (1,00 P.)

artificial horizon. turn coordinator. direct reading compass. airspeed indicator.

87 Which are the properties of a Mercator chart? (1,00 P.)

The chart convergency is 0°, the chart is conformal, and rhumb lines are depicted as straight lines

The chart convergency is 90°, the chart is an equal-area projection, and rhumb lines are depicted as straight lines

The chart is true to scale, the chart is conformal, and great circles are depicted as straight lines The chart is an equal-area projection, great circles are depicted as straight lines, and the chart is

true to scale

88 Which are the properties of a conformal projection chart? (1,00 P.)

The scale on an arbitrary point must be independent of direction and the angle between longitudes and latitudes on the chart is always 90°

Great circles must be straight lines, the angle between longitudes and latitudes on the chart is always 90° and the scale on an arbitrary point must be independent of direction

The scale on an arbitrary point must be independent of direction and great circles must be straight lines out of the centre of the chart

The scale on an arbitrary point must be independent of direction and the angle between longitudes and latitudes on the chart is not necessarily equal to 90°

89 How are rhumb lines and great circles depicted on a direct Mercator chart? (1,00 P.)

Rhumb lines: straight lines Great circles: curved lines

Rhumb lines: curved lines Great circles: straight lines

Rhumb lines: curved lines Great circles: curved lines

Rhumb lines: straight lines Great circles: straight lines


v2015.4 23

90 Which are the properties of a Lambert conformal chart? (1,00 P.)

The chart is conformal and nearly true to scale The chart is conformal and an equal-area projection Great circles are depicted as straight lines and the chart is an equal-area projection Rhumb lines are depicted as straight lines and the chart is conformal

91 Which lines have to be used by the pilot to determine the aircraft's position? (1,00 P.)

True bearings (QTE) Magnetic bearings (QDR) Relative bearings (RB) Magnetic headings (MH)

92 The distance between two airports is 220 NM. On an aeronautical navigation chart the

pilot measures 40.744 cm for this distance.

The chart scale is... (1,00 P.)

1 : 1000000. 1 : 500000. 1 : 2000000. 1 : 250000.

93 A distance of 7.5 cm on an aeronautical chart represents a distance of 60.745 NM in

reality.

What is the chart scale? (1,00 P.)

1 : 1500000 1 : 1 000000 1 : 500000 1 : 150000


v2015.4 24

94 Which answer states the correct correlation between number and chart symbols?


1: VOR 2: VOR/DME 3: VORTAC 4: NDB

1: VOR/DME 2: VOR 3: VORTAC 4: NDB

1: VORTAC 2: VOR/DME 3: VOR 4: NDB

1: VOR 2: VOR/DME 3: NDB 4: VORTAC

95 For a short flight from A to B the pilot extracts the following information from an

aeronautical chart:

True course: 245°.

Magnetic variation: 7° W

The magnetic course (MC) equals... (1,00 P.)

252°. 238°. 245°. 007°.

96 An aircraft is flying with an indicated airspeed (IAS) of 150 kt at 8000 ft MSL.

According to the rule of thumb, the true airspeed (TAS) equals... (1,00 P.)

174 kt. 142 kt. 150 kt. 208 kt.


v2015.4 25

97 Given:

True course from A to B: 250°.

Ground distance: 210 NM.

TAS: 130 kt.

Headwind component: 15 kt.

Estimated time of departure (ETD): 0915 UTC.

The estimated time of arrival (ETA) is... (2,00 P.)

1105 UTC. 1115 UTC. 1052 UTC. 1005 UTC.

98 Given:



TAS: 105 kt.

Headwind component: 12 kt.


The estimated time of arrival (ETA) is...

(1,00 P.)

1320 UTC 1330 UTC 1356 UTC 1430 UTC

99 Given:



GS: 77 kt.



(1,00 P.)

1639 UTC. 1623 UTC. 1724 UTC. 1647 UTC.


v2015.4 26

100 Given:



GS: 107 kt.



(1,00 P.)

1045 UTC. 1146 UTC. 1029 UTC. 1129 UTC.

101 An aeroplane travels 50 NM in 42 minutes.

The ground speed (GS) equals... (1,00 P.)

132 km/h. 74 km/h. 80 km/h. 71 km/h.

102 An aircraft travels 10 km in 1 minute and 45 seconds.

The ground speed (GS) equals...

(1,00 P.)

343 km/h. 343 kt. 185 km/h. 100 kt.

103 An aircraft travels 100 NM in 56 minutes.


(1,00 P.)

193 km/h. 102 kt. 198 km/h. 93 kt.


v2015.4 27

104 An aircraft travels 120 NM in 55 minutes.


(1,00 P.)

230 kt. 130 km/h. 230 km/h. 130 kt.

105 What is located at a distance of 19 NM on radial 065 of the LNZ VOR/DME?


See annex 4

The village Pregarten. The village Gallneukirchen. A railway line and a small river. A sight (castle).

106 What is the required flight time for a distance of 236 NM with a ground speed of 134

kt? (1,00 P.)

1:57 h 1:18 h 1:46 h 1:23 h

107 An aircraft is flying with a true airspeed (TAS) of 120 kt and experiences 35 kt tailwind.

How much time is needed for a distance of 185 NM?

(1,00 P.)

1 h 12 min 1 h 32 min 2 h 11 min 0 h 50 min


v2015.4 28

108 An aircraft is flying with a true airspeed (TAS) of 180 kt and a headwind component of

25 kt for 2 hours and 25 minutes.

The distance flown equals... (1,00 P.)

375 NM. 693 NM. 202 NM. 435 NM.

109 On what parallel of latitude is the DVOR/DME Salzburg located?


See annex 2

50°N. 48°N. 48°S. 13°N.

110 A climb rate of 900 ft/min equals...

(1,00 P.)

4.5 m/sec. 14.8 m/sec. 6.7 m/sec. 5.4 m/sec.


(1,00 P.)



v2015.4 29

112 Which answer states the radio navigation aids of Graz airport?


See annex 5

Transmitter Dobl 1 660 kHz. VOR/DME GRZ 116.200 kHz.

Kalsdorf NDB 116,200 kHz. Transmitter Dobl 1 660 kHz.

NDB GRZ 290 kHz. VOR/DME GRZ 116.200 MHz.

NDB GRZ 290 MHz. VOR/DME GRZ 116.200 MHz.


(1,00 P.)


114 Given:

Calibrated airspeed (CAS): 155 kt.

Flight level (FL) 80.

Outside air temperature (OAT): -15° C.

The true airspeed (TAS) equals... (1,00 P.)

164 kts. 119 kts. 148 kts. 170 kts.

115 The true course from Ried-Kirchheim (LOLK) to Scharnstein (LOLC) equals:


See annex 2

308°. 180°. 128°. 140°.


v2015.4 30

116 The distance from Weiz Unterfladnitz (LOGW) to Punitz Güssing (LOGG) equals:


See annex 6

72 NM. 15 NM. 27 NM. 51 NM.

117 An aircraft is flying at a pressure altitude of 7000 feet with an outside air temperature

of -20° C. The QNH altitude is 6500 ft.

The true altitude equals... (1,00 P.)

6250 ft. 6500 ft. 6750 ft. 7000 ft.

118 The true course from Fürstenfeld (LOGF) to Weiz Unterfladnitz (LOGW) equals:


See annex 6

275°. 291°. 299°. 111°.


of +10° C. The QNH altitude is 6500 ft.

The true altitude equals... (1,00 P.)

6250 ft. 6500 ft. 6750 ft. 7000 ft.


v2015.4 31


of +20° C. The QNH altitude is 6500 ft.

The true altitude equals...

(1,00 P.)

6250 ft. 6500 ft. 6750 ft. 7000 ft.

121 The true course from Wels (LOLW) to Kirchdorf Inn (EDNK) is:


See annex 2

247°. 268°. 274°. 288°.

122 You are planning a VFR flight from Salzburg (LOWS) to Linz (LOWL). The variation

equals 3°E, the groundspeed reads 120 kts.

Determine the direct distance in NM (overhead-overhead).


See annex 2

54,5 NM. 101 NM. 54,5 km. 101 km.

123 An aircraft is following a true heading (TH) of 250° at a ground speed (GS) of 120 kt.

The wind vector is 010°/30 kt.

The true course (TC) equals...

(1,00 P.)

237°. 263°. 257°. 243°.


v2015.4 32

124 Given:

True course: 255°.

TAS: 100 kt.

Wind: 200°/10 kt.

The true heading equals... (1,00 P.)

245°. 250°. 265°. 275°.

125 You are planning a VFR flight from Salzburg (LOWS) to Linz (LOWL). The variation

equals 3°E, the groundspeed reads 120 kts.

Determine the flight time for the direct track:


See annex 2

27 minutes 15 seconds. 2 hours 12 minutes. 18 minutes 13 seconds. 1 hour 58 minutes.

126 A pilot is planning a VFR flight from Murska Sobota (LJMS) to Weiz/Unterfladnitz

(LOGW) via the NDB Gleichenberg (GBG). The true airspeed (TAS) reads 100 kts, the

mean variation (VAR) is 3°E. The calculation is based on overhead-overhead,

disregard wind, climb and descent.

What is the total distance:


See annex 6

40 NM. 74 km. 40 km. 74 NM.


v2015.4 33

127 Given:

True course: 165°.

TAS: 90 kt.

Wind: 130°/20 kt.

Distance: 153 NM.

The true heading equals... (1,00 P.)

165°. 126°. 158°. 152°.

128 Given:

Ground speed (GS): 160 kt.

True course (TC): 177°.

Wind vector (W/WS): 140°/20 kt.

The true airspeed (TAS) equals... (1,00 P.)

176 kt. 182 kt. 144 kt. 138 kt.

129 A pilot is planning a VFR flight from Murska Sobota (LJMS) to Weiz/Unterfladnitz

(LOGW) via the NDB Gleichenberg (GBG). The true airspeed (TAS) reads 100 kts, the

mean variation (VAR) is 3°E. The calculation is based on overhead-overhead,

disregard wind, climb and descent.

What are the magnetic courses (MC)?


See annex 6

MC LJMS > GBG: 313°. MC GBG > LOGW: 339°.





v2015.4 34

130 Given:



Wind vector (W/WS): 140°/20 kt.

The true heading (TH) equals...

(1,00 P.)

173°. 180°. 184°. 169°.

131 A pilot is planning a VFR flight from Ferlach-Glainach (LOKG) to

Feldkirchen/Ossiacher See (LOKF) via reporting point Whiskey One (W1). The

groundspeed (GS) reads 100 kts, the mean variation (VAR) is 3°E. The calculation is

based on overhead-overhead, disregard wind, climb and descent.

What is the total distance?


See annex 7

16 NM. 16 km. 30 NM. 30 km.

132 An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 220° at a constant TAS of 220 kt. The

wind vector is 270°/50 kt.


(1,00 P.)

185 kt. 255 kt. 170 kt. 135 kt.


v2015.4 35

133 A pilot is planning a VFR flight from Ferlach-Glainach (LOKG) to

Feldkirchen/Ossiacher See (LOKF) via reporting point Whiskey One (W1). The

groundspeed (GS) reads 100 kts, the mean variation (VAR) is 3°E. The calculation is

based on overhead-overhead, disregard wind, climb and descent.

What is the total flight time?


See annex 7

10 min. 16 min. 7 min. 5 min.

134 The pilot is planning a direct flight from Zeltweg (LOXZ) to Trieben (LOGI). The

variation equals 2°E.

What is the magnetic course (MC)?

See annex (NAV-011)

(1,00 P.)

See annex 8

328°. 332°. 148°. 152°.

135 An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 040° at a constant true airspeed (TAS) of

180 kt. The wind vector is 350°/30 kt.

The groundspeed (GS) equals...

(1,00 P.)

159 kt. 168 kt. 172 kt. 155 kt.


v2015.4 36



The wind correction angle (WCA) equals...

(1,00 P.)

7° left. 9° left. 5° left. 11° left.

137 The pilot is planning a direct flight from Zeltweg (LOXZ) to Trieben (LOGI). The

variation equals 2°E.

What is the highest point along the track at a lateral distance of plus / minus 5 NM?

See annex (NAV-011)

(1,00 P.)

See annex 8

7 926 ft. 7 864 ft. 7 667 ft. 7 693 ft.

138 The first leg of a VFR Flight heads from Wiener Neustadt (LOAN) to the Tulln VOR

(TUN 111.4 Mhz). The true airspeed (TAS) reads 140 kts, the variation (VAR) is 2°E, the

wind is 090°/30 kt.

What is the magnetic course (MC)?


See annex 9

336°. 340°. 156°. 160°.


v2015.4 37

139 Given:

True course: 270°.

TAS: 100 kt.

Wind: 090°/25 kt.

Distance: 100 NM.

The ground speed (GS) equals... (1,00 P.)

120 kt. 125 kt. 117 kt. 131 kt.




What is the total distance ?


See annex 9

30 NM. 30 km. 55 NM. 48 km.

141 Given:

True course: 270°.

TAS: 100 kt.

Wind: 090°/25 kt.

Distance: 100 NM.

The flight time equals... (1,00 P.)

62 Min. 48 Min. 37 Min. 84 Min.


v2015.4 38




What is the magnetic heading (MH)?


See annex 9

348°. 336°. 350°. 352°.

143 An aircraft is following a true heading (TH) of 290° at a true airspeed (TAS) of 150 kt.

The wind vector is 260°/20 kt.

The true course (TC) equals...

(1,00 P.)

294°. 286°. 297°. 299°.



The wind correction angle (WCA) equals...

(1,00 P.)

7° left. 7° right. 3° left. 3° right.


v2015.4 39

145 You are planning a VFR flight from St.Georgen (LOLG) to Krems-Langenlois (LOAG).

The variation (VAR) equals 2°E, the groundspeed reads 110 kt.

What is the total distance?


See annex 10

35 NM. 61 km. 35 km. 65 NM.

146 You are planning a VFR flight from St.Georgen (LOLG) to Krems-Langenlois (LOAG).

The variation (VAR) equals 2°E, the groundspeed reads 110 kt.

What is the flight time?:


See annex 10

19 min. 16 min. 26 min. 21 min.

147 An aircraft is following a true course (TC) of 140° at a ground speed (GS) of 120 kt.

The true airspeed (TAS) is 150 kt, the true heading (TH) is 150°.

The wind vector (W/WS) equals...

(1,00 P.)

183° / 38 kts. 200° / 20 kts. 220° / 30 kts. 225° / 16 kts.


v2015.4 40

148 Given:

True course: 120°.

TAS: 120 kt.

Wind: 150°/12 kt.

The WCA equals... (1,00 P.)

6° to the right. 3° to the left. 3° to the right. 6° to the left.

149 A pilot is flying from Krems-Langenlois (LOAG) to St. Georgen am Ybbsfeld (LOLG).

The aeroplane has a TAS of 100 kt and the wind is 250°/15 kt.

What is the true course?


See annex 10

TC: 243°. TC: 256°. TC: 233°. TC: 248°.

150 A pilot is flying from Krems-Langenlois (LOAG) to St. Georgen am Ybbsfeld (LOLG).

The aeroplane has a TAS of 100 kt and the wind is 250°/15 kt.

What is the flight time?


See annex 10

Flight time: 29 min. Flight time: 19 min. Flight time: 24 min. Flight time: 32 min.

151 A well-known ground feature along the flight track is passed 5 minutes ahead of the

planned flight schedule. The expected ground speed was 120 kts and the distance of

the previously flown leg was 30 NM.

The wind component (WC) equals... (1,00 P.)

60 kts tailwind. 25 kts tailwind. 20 kts tailwind. 18 kts tailwind.


v2015.4 41

152 The distance from 'A' to 'B' measures 120 NM. At a distance of 55 NM from 'A' the pilot

realizes a deviation of 7 NM to the right.

What approximate course change must be made to reach 'B' directly?

(1,00 P.)

14° left 6° left 8° left 15° left

153 An aeroplane has a heading of 090°. The distance which has to be flown is 90 NM.

After 45 NM the aeroplane is 4.5 NM north of the planned flight path.

What is the corrected heading to reach the arrival aerodrome directly? (1,00 P.)

6° to the right 9° to the right 18° to the right 12° to the right

154 What is the meaning of the 1:60 rule?

(1,00 P.)

1 NM lateral offset at 1° drift after 60 NM 10 NM lateral offset at 1° drift after 60 NM 60 NM lateral offset at 1° drift after 1 NM 6 NM lateral offset at 1° drift after 10 NM

155 During a flight the following values are determined:



True heading (TH): 115°.

True airspeed (TAS): 150 kt.

The wind vector equals...

(1,00 P.)

65° / 16 kts. 85° / 24 kts. 65° / 24 kts. 85° / 16 kts.


v2015.4 42

156 An aircraft is flying from 'A' to 'B' (distance 220 NM) at an average ground speed (GS)

of 120 kt. It departs 'A' at 1200 UTC. After 70 NM along the course from 'A', the aircraft

is 5 min ahead of the planned schedule.

Using the actual GS, what is the revised estimated time of arrival (ETA) at B?

(1,00 P.)

1335 UTC 1340 UTC 1345 UTC 1330 UTC

157 Assume calm wind and an aircraft descending from 9000 ft to 1500 ft. The rate of

descent (ROD) equals 1200 ft/min.

The elapsed time will be... (1,00 P.)

6 min. 12 min. 8 min. 15 min.

158 Assume zero wind and an aircraft descending from 7500 ft to 1200 ft with an average

true airspeed (TAS) during the descent of 105 kt. The rate of descent (ROD) equals 800

ft/min.

The elapsed time will be... (1,00 P.)

6 Min. 12 Min. 8 Min. 15 Min.

159 Which answer completes the flight plan (marked cells)?


See annex 11

TH: 185°. MH: 184°. MC: 178°.

TH: 173°. MH: 174°. MC: 178°.

TH: 185°. MH: 185°. MC: 180°.

TH: 173°. MH: 184°. MC: 178°.


v2015.4 43

160 What radio navigation aid can be received with the attached aerial?


NDB VOR DME VDF

161 The approximate propagation speed of electromagnetic waves is... (1,00 P.)

300000 m/s. 300000 km/s. 300000 NM/s. 300000 ft/s.

162 Which answer states kinds of modulation? (1,00 P.)

Amplitude modulation, frequency modulation, phase modulation Frequency modulation, cycle modulation, hertz modulation Phase modulation, hertz modulation, amplitude modulation Cycle modulation, phase modulation, frequency modulation

163 Radio waves within the LF and MF range (e.g. NDB) travel as... (1,00 P.)

sky wave. quasi-optical wave. ground / surface wave. sky wave and as ground / surface wave.


v2015.4 44

164 Radio waves within the VHF range (e.g. VOR) travel as... (1,00 P.)

sky wave. quasi-optical wave. ground / surface wave. sky wave and ground / surface wave.

165 Quasi-optical waves travel... (1,00 P.)

along the surface of the earth. through the air directly from the transmitter to the receiver. through the air and are influenced (e.g. reflected) by the ionosphere. along the surface of the earth, but are absorbed by the sea.

166 A VHF direction finder (VDF) can determine... (1,00 P.)

slant ranges. approach speeds. magnetic bearings. true courses.

167 Which equipment is needed on board of an aircraft to use a VHF direction finder

(VDF)? (1,00 P.)

A VDF receiver A VHF radio At least two VHF aerials A relative bearing indicator (RBI)

168 Given:

QDM: 138°

VAR: 10° E

The QUJ equals... (1,00 P.)

328°. 318°. 168°. 148°.


v2015.4 45

169 Given:

QTE: 229°

VAR: 10° W

The QDM equals...

(1,00 P.)

049°. 239°. 059°. 039°.

170 Given:

QDR: 022°

VAR: 10° E

The QTE equals...

(1,00 P.)

032°. 212°. 202°. 052°.

171 Given:

QDR: 067°

VAR: 5° E

The QDM equals...

(1,00 P.)

072°. 252°. 247°. 257°.

172 Given:

QDM: 279°

VAR: 5° W

DEV: 5° E

The QDR equals...

(1,00 P.)

094°. 274°. 089°. 099°.


v2015.4 46

173 Given:

QDM: 300°

VAR: 5° E

DEV: 5° W

The QDR equals...

(1,00 P.)

125°. 120°. 305°. 130°.

174 Given:

QDR: 152°

VAR: 5° W

DEV: 5° E

The QUJ equals... (1,00 P.)

147°. 332°. 327°. 317°.

175 Given:

QDM: 348°.

VAR: 5° W

The QTE equals... (1,00 P.)

343°. 168°. 153°. 163°.

176 Given:

QTE: 203°

VAR: 10° E

The QDR equals...

(1,00 P.)

023°. 193°. 013°. 213°.


v2015.4 47

177 Given:

QTE: 248°

VAR: 10° W

The QDR equals...

(1,00 P.)

068°. 078°. 238°. 258°.

178 Given:

QDR: 254°

VAR: 10° E

The QTE equals...

(1,00 P.)

264°. 084°. 074°. 284°.

179 Given:

QDM: 134°

VAR: 5° W

The QTE equals...

(1,00 P.)

129°. 314°. 309°. 299°.


v2015.4 48

180 The pilot receives a QDR of 225° from the VDF ground station.

Where is the aircraft located in relation to the ground station?

(1,00 P.)

Northwest Northeast Southeast Southwest

181 The term QDR means... (1,00 P.)

true bearing from the aircraft to the station. true bearing from the station to the aircraft. magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the station. magnetic bearing from the station to the aircraft.

182 The term QUJ means... (1,00 P.)


183 The term QTE means... (1,00 P.)


184 The pilot receives a QDM of 035° from the VDF ground station.

Where is the aircraft located in relation to the ground station? (1,00 P.)

Northwest Northeast Southwest Southeast


v2015.4 49







187 A pilot receives a QDR of 135° from the VDF ground station.


(1,00 P.)

Northwest Northeast Southeast Southwest.

188 A pilot receives a QDR of 315° from the VDF ground station.


(1,00 P.)

Northwest Northeast Southeast Southwest

189 The VDF range depends on... (1,00 P.)

the aircraft's altitude. the aircraft's speed. the condition of the ionosphere. the range of the ground / surface wave.


v2015.4 50

190 The accuracy of a VHF direction finder (VDF) could be affected by... (1,00 P.)

fading. propagation over irregular surfaces. coastline effect. propagation errors within the atmosphere.

191 Which equipment is needed on board of an aircraft to receive signals from a non-

directional beacon (NDB)? (1,00 P.)

Course deviation indicator (CDI) Automatic direction finder (ADF) Secondary surveillance radar (SSR) Horizontal situation indicator (HSI)

192 Non-directional beacons (NDBs) transmit within which frequency band? (1,00 P.)

High frequency (HF) Very high frequency (VHF) Low frequency (LF) and medium frequency (MF) Very low frequency (VLF) and low frequency (LF)

193 A pilot wants to approach an NDB on QDM 090°. The aircraft flies for about 5 minutes

with a magnetic heading (MH) of 095° and the RBI indication of 355°. After 6 minutes

the RBI indicates 358°.


The crosswind component increased; the pilot has to increase the MH The crosswind component decreased; the pilot has to increase the MH The crosswind component increased; the pilot has to decrease the MH The crosswind component decreased; the pilot has to decrease the MH


v2015.4 51

194 The pilot wants to proceed directly to the beacon. The wind is calm.

The pilot should follow a QDM of...


200°. 230°. 080°. 260°.

195 What is the difference between a locator beacon and a non-directional beacon (NDB)?

(1,00 P.)

Locator beacons have a lower range than NDBs Locator beacons have a higher range than NDBs Locator beacons transmit more precisely Locator beacons transmit on request only

196 The range of NDBs transmitting in the medium frequency range is greatest... (1,00 P.)

in the daytime. on midday. at night. before midday.

197 The shoreline effect is greatest with radio wave propagation... (1,00 P.)

at an acute angle to the coast; aircraft below 6000 ft. at a right angle to the coast; aircraft below 6000 ft. at an acute angle to the coast; aircraft above 6000 ft. at a right angle to the coast; aircraft above 6000 ft.


v2015.4 52

198 Fading occurs mainly... (1,00 P.)

in the daytime. at midday. in the late afternoon. during the night.

199 The progress of an electromagnetic oscillation can be described by the... (1,00 P.)

frequency angle. amplitude angle. phase angle. wave angle.

200 When transmitter and receiver are moving towards each other... (1,00 P.)

the perceived frequency increases. the perceived frequency equals the transmitted frequency. the perceived frequency decreases. the frequency varies, but the wavelength remains constant.

201 When transmitter and receiver are moving away from each other... (1,00 P.)

the perceived frequency increases. the perceived frequency equals the transmitted frequency. the perceived frequency decreases. the frequency varies, but the wavelength remains constant.

202 VOR radials are defined based on the principle of... (1,00 P.)

phase comparison of two signals. amplitude comparison of two signals. frequency comparison of two signals. pulse comparison of two signals.

203 A VOR radial corresponds to the... (1,00 P.)

QDM. QDR. QTE. QUJ.


v2015.4 53

204 Full deflection of the course deviation indicator (CDI) means that the aircraft is

located at least... (1,00 P.)

10° beside the selected course. 2° beside the selected course. 10 NM beside the selected course. 2 NM beside the selected course.

205 Where is the aircraft located in relation to the VOR?


See annex 12

Northeast Southeast Southwest Northwest

206 Where is the aircraft located in relation to the VOR?


See annex 13

Northeast Southeast Southwest Northwest

207 The aircraft is on radial...


See annex 14

234°. 246°. 060°. 066°.

208 The range of a VOR is highly affected by... (1,00 P.)

daylight interference. transmitter and receiver altitude. multipath propagation of the ground wave. reflected sky waves.


v2015.4 54

209 Which phenomenon does NOT affect the accuracy of a VOR? (1,00 P.)

Cone of silence High terrain surrounding the VOR Fading Transmitter altitude

210 In what frequency band do DMEs operate? (1,00 P.)

HF VHF UHF SHF

211 The distance measuring equipment (DME) determines the distance based on the

principle of... (1,00 P.)

phase comparison. laser measurement. Doppler. time measurement.

212 The DME reading is a... (1,00 P.)

ground distance. slant range. air range. radial distance.

213 The maximum number of aircraft obtaining a distance from distance measuring

equipment (DME) at the same time is approximately... (1,00 P.)

50. 70. 100. 150.

214 The DME distance error increases... (1,00 P.)

when approaching the DME station. when departing the DME station. when circling around the DME station. when descending.


v2015.4 55

215 Using primary ground radar, the direction of the aeroplane in relation to the antenna

is determined by... (1,00 P.)

the orientation of the antenna. time measurement. the pulse pair interval. the frequency shift of the received pulse.

216 Using primary ground radar, the distance of the aeroplane in relation to the antenna is

determined by... (1,00 P.)

the orientation of the antenna. time measurement. the pulse pair interval. the frequency shift of the received pulse.

217 Which instantaneous information can be obtained from ground radar equipment?

(1,00 P.)

Airspeed (TAS) and distance Distance and direction Airspeed (TAS) and heading Direction and airspeed (TAS)

218 Ground radar information is displayed... (1,00 P.)

on a computer display which has to be located next to the secondary surveillance radar screen. on a computer display which is able to display further optional information (e.g. airspaces). on a digital display which shows all relevant aircraft data. on an information strip which is printed on request.

219 The on-board equipment of the secondary surveillance radar (SSR) is called... (1,00 P.)

course indicator. transponder. interrogator. decoder.

220 Which is a difference between primary and secondary radar? (1,00 P.)

The pulses of a primary radar are variably amplitude-modulated, the pulses of a secondary radar are statically pulse-modulated.

The pulses of a primary radar are variably pulse-modulated, the pulses of a secondary radar are statically amplitude-modulated.

The pulses of a primary radar are reflected by the aircraft's surface, the pulses of a secondary radar system are answered by a transponder

The primary radar is displayed on a computer screen, the secondary radar on a radar strip


v2015.4 56

221 The transponder code in case of a radio communication failure is... (1,00 P.)

7000. 7500. 7600. 7700.

222 The transponder code in case of an emergency situation is... (1,00 P.)

7000. 7500. 7600. 7700.

223 Which altitude is transmitted by the transponder in mode C? (1,00 P.)

QNH altitude QFE altitude Pressure altitude Radio altitude

224 The "global positioning system" (GPS) consists of which segments? (1,00 P.)

Space segment, ground (control) segment, user segment Ground (control) segment, confirmation segment, flight segment User segment, flight segment, space segment Confirmation segment, user segment, space segment

225 How many active satellites are necessary for the space segment of NAVSTAR/GPS?

(1,00 P.)

20 22 24 26

Annexes

v2015.4 1

Annex 1

Annexes

v2015.4 2

Annex 2

Annexes

v2015.4 3

Annex 3

Annexes

v2015.4 4

Annex 4

Annexes

v2015.4 5

Annex 5

Annexes

v2015.4 6

Annex 6

Annexes

v2015.4 7

Annex 7

Annexes

v2015.4 8

Annex 8

Annexes

v2015.4 9

Annex 9

Annexes

v2015.4 10

Annex 10

Annexes

v2015.4 11

Annex 11

Annexes

v2015.4 12

Annex 12

Annexes

v2015.4 13

Annex 13

Annexes

v2015.4 14

Annex 14

Date post:	29-Nov-2021
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