9.1 Separation & Problems Pap Faced

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It’s official !It’s official !Read all about Read all about

it!!!!it!!!!

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SEPARATION FROM SEPARATION FROM MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

@#%#^&% @#%#^&% How come How come

nobody told nobody told me about it?me about it?

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SEPARATION FROM SEPARATION FROM MALAYSIAMALAYSIA11. Singapore in Malaysia. Singapore in Malaysia

2. Political Rivalry2. Political Rivalry3. Racial Politics : The Campaign against 3. Racial Politics : The Campaign against

the PAPthe PAP4. Threats to Singapore’s Peace and 4. Threats to Singapore’s Peace and ProsperityProsperity5. Disagreements over Economic 5. Disagreements over Economic MattersMatters6. Campaign for a Malaysian Malaysia6. Campaign for a Malaysian Malaysia7. Singapore out of Malaysia and on its 7. Singapore out of Malaysia and on its OwnOwn

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SINGAPORE IN MALAYSIASINGAPORE IN MALAYSIA

LKY pledged loyalty to the Central LKY pledged loyalty to the Central Government [CG]Government [CG]

Central Government made up of :Central Government made up of :

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LKY expressed the hope that Singapore LKY expressed the hope that Singapore and the CG could work together like and the CG could work together like brothers but this was not to bebrothers but this was not to be

Both had different views about Malaysia Both had different views about Malaysia and how it should be governedand how it should be governed

Why the different views ?Why the different views ?

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REASONS :REASONS :

1.1. Background of political partiesBackground of political parties

2.2. Treatment of different racesTreatment of different races

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MALAYMALAYAA

Political parties Political parties formed along racial formed along racial lineslines

UMNO - MalaysUMNO - Malays

MCA - ChineseMCA - Chinese

MIC - IndiansMIC - Indians

Main goal was to look Main goal was to look after the interests of after the interests of their own their own communitiescommunities

Multi-racial parties Multi-racial parties were not popularwere not popular

SINGAPORESINGAPORE

Most political parties Most political parties were multi-racial were multi-racial

Did not aim to Did not aim to promote the interest promote the interest of one community of one community over anotherover another

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MALAYMALAYAA

Special rights given Special rights given to Malays to to Malays to improve their improve their standard of livingstandard of living

SINGAPORESINGAPORE

Special rights did not Special rights did not existexist

PAP believed that PAP believed that people’s standard of people’s standard of living will improve living will improve through education through education and industrialisationand industrialisation

Equal opportunity for Equal opportunity for all to succeedall to succeed

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CG expected Singapore to adapt to the system CG expected Singapore to adapt to the system already in placealready in place

Singapore wanted Malaysian leaders to stop Singapore wanted Malaysian leaders to stop thinking along racial linesthinking along racial lines

This basic difference created problems between This basic difference created problems between the two governmentsthe two governments

Strained relationship and eventually led to Strained relationship and eventually led to separationseparation

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SEPARATION FROM SEPARATION FROM MALAYSIAMALAYSIA

Tell me Tell me more!more!

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POLITICAL RIVALRYPOLITICAL RIVALRY

Sep 1963 Singapore State ElectionsSep 1963 Singapore State Elections

Alliance leaders in KL wanted Singapore Alliance leaders in KL wanted Singapore Alliance to have more seats in the Alliance to have more seats in the Singapore Singapore Legislative AssemblyLegislative Assembly

Singapore Alliance did not win any seatsSingapore Alliance did not win any seats

won 37 out of 51 seatswon 37 out of 51 seats

UMNO was most unhappyUMNO was most unhappy

Election results showed that Singapore Malays Election results showed that Singapore Malays supported the PAP’s programme for improving supported the PAP’s programme for improving their standard of livingtheir standard of living

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1964 Federal Election1964 Federal Election

Before 1964, had no branches outside Before 1964, had no branches outside SingaporeSingapore

decided to take part in the 1964 Federal decided to take part in the 1964 Federal Election as a Malaysian political partyElection as a Malaysian political party

Goals :Goals : 1. Build a Malaysian Malaysia1. Build a Malaysian Malaysia

2. Provide all with necessary skills and 2. Provide all with necessary skills and equal opportunities to succeed equal opportunities to succeed

Alliance leaders were upset because had Alliance leaders were upset because had promised not to take part in Federal Electionspromised not to take part in Federal Elections

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1964 Federal Election1964 Federal Election

arguments :arguments :

Since the Alliance had taken part in the 1963 Since the Alliance had taken part in the 1963 Singapore State Election, it was only natural that the Singapore State Election, it was only natural that the PAP contested the Federal ElectionPAP contested the Federal Election

Alliance leaders, especially UMNO, were angry with Alliance leaders, especially UMNO, were angry with the campaign as it seemed to criticise the way the campaign as it seemed to criticise the way Malaya was governed by the AllianceMalaya was governed by the Alliance

drew large crowds to its rallies but only won 1 seatdrew large crowds to its rallies but only won 1 seat

Alliance won 89 out of 104 but was worried Alliance won 89 out of 104 but was worried about popularityabout popularity

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RACIAL POLITICSRACIAL POLITICSTHE CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE PAPTHE CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE PAP

After the Fed elections, UMNO wanted to win back After the Fed elections, UMNO wanted to win back Malay votes in SingaporeMalay votes in Singapore1.1. Some UMNO leaders began to criticise the PAP Some UMNO leaders began to criticise the PAP

Government for not looking after the interests of the Government for not looking after the interests of the Malays in SingaporeMalays in Singapore

2.2. An anti-PAP campaign was started through the Malay An anti-PAP campaign was started through the Malay press, especially the Utusan Melayu (UM)press, especially the Utusan Melayu (UM)

ISSUEISSUE Redevelopment in Crawford, Kg Glam and Rochor areasRedevelopment in Crawford, Kg Glam and Rochor areas 2,500 families resettled; 200 were Malay families2,500 families resettled; 200 were Malay families UM claimed that 3,000 Malays were affectedUM claimed that 3,000 Malays were affected

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RACIAL POLITICSRACIAL POLITICSTHE CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE PAPTHE CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE PAP

Over time, more misleading articles appeared Over time, more misleading articles appeared in the UMin the UM

To ease growing racial tension, LKY met 900 To ease growing racial tension, LKY met 900 Malay representatives in July 1964Malay representatives in July 1964

Govt would do its best to help Malays overcome Govt would do its best to help Malays overcome problems of education, employment and housingproblems of education, employment and housing

UM continued with its anti-PAP campaignUM continued with its anti-PAP campaign

In the end, the racial tension in Singapore lead In the end, the racial tension in Singapore lead to two race riots.to two race riots.

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THREATS TO SINGAPORETHREATS TO SINGAPORE

Internal Threat : The 1964 Race RiotsInternal Threat : The 1964 Race Riots

21 July 1964 : 25,000 Malays gathered at the 21 July 1964 : 25,000 Malays gathered at the Padang to celebrate Prophet Mohammed’s Padang to celebrate Prophet Mohammed’s birthdaybirthday

Anti-PAP speeches by various Malay leadersAnti-PAP speeches by various Malay leaders

Procession to GeylangProcession to Geylang

The procession on its way to Geylang

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Singapore Government’s version : Small Singapore Government’s version : Small incident sparked off race riotsincident sparked off race riots

After that, more groups became unruly and After that, more groups became unruly and attacked Chinese passers-by and spectatorsattacked Chinese passers-by and spectators

Soon, clashes between Malays and Chinese in Soon, clashes between Malays and Chinese in various parts of Singapore reportedvarious parts of Singapore reported

Curfew imposed 9.30 pm to 6.00 amCurfew imposed 9.30 pm to 6.00 am

Lifted only on 2 Aug 1964Lifted only on 2 Aug 1964

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Police cordon beside the Kallang Gas Works after the outbreak of racial riots

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Goodwill committees set upGoodwill committees set up

Made up of community leaders from various Made up of community leaders from various racial groupsracial groups

Help to restore peace and harmonyHelp to restore peace and harmony

LKY and Tun Razak toured the island to calm LKY and Tun Razak toured the island to calm things downthings down

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LKY urging people to remain calm

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Second riot in Sep 1964Second riot in Sep 1964

Malay trishaw rider murdered; Chinese Malay trishaw rider murdered; Chinese accused of murderaccused of murder

Led to another race riot and curfew imposed Led to another race riot and curfew imposed againagain

13 dead, 106 injured13 dead, 106 injured

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Significance of race riotsSignificance of race riots

Showed how easily peace and harmony in Showed how easily peace and harmony in Singapore could be brokenSingapore could be broken

Clashes did not get completely out of control Clashes did not get completely out of control because of the curfew and riot troopsbecause of the curfew and riot troops

Also because of goodwill between the Chinese Also because of goodwill between the Chinese and Malaysand Malays

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Internal Threat : The Indonesian Internal Threat : The Indonesian ConfrontationConfrontation

Indonesia broke off relations with Malaysia in Indonesia broke off relations with Malaysia in Sep 1963Sep 1963

Embargo : Singapore experience a decline in Embargo : Singapore experience a decline in trade and some unemploymenttrade and some unemployment

Not severe as there was still trade with other Not severe as there was still trade with other countriescountries

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Internal Threat : The Indonesian ConfrontationInternal Threat : The Indonesian Confrontation

A more serious aspect of Confrontation : A more serious aspect of Confrontation : Disruptive action by Indonesian agents in Disruptive action by Indonesian agents in SingaporeSingapore

Set off bombs which killed innocent people and Set off bombs which killed innocent people and damaged propertydamaged property

29 bombs set off by Mar 196529 bombs set off by Mar 1965

Most serious : March 1965Most serious : March 1965

Bomb at MacDonald House killed 3 and injured 33Bomb at MacDonald House killed 3 and injured 33

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Internal Threat : The Indonesian ConfrontationInternal Threat : The Indonesian Confrontation

Voluntary Vigilante Corps was set up in Apr 1964 Voluntary Vigilante Corps was set up in Apr 1964 to help the police and army defend Singaporeto help the police and army defend Singapore

More than 10,000 signed upMore than 10,000 signed up

Community Centres serve as bases for their Community Centres serve as bases for their patrolspatrols

Confrontation ended in Aug 1966 after a new Confrontation ended in Aug 1966 after a new government took over control of Indonesiagovernment took over control of Indonesia

Confrontation and 1964 racial riots show that we Confrontation and 1964 racial riots show that we should not take peace and prosperity in Singapore should not take peace and prosperity in Singapore for grantedfor granted

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The EndThe End

Date post:	12-May-2015
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9.1 Separation & Problems Pap Faced

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