1
Une 31. Eastern Llanos Basin Barco Los Cuervos Mirador Guadalupe Chipaque Luisa Sudán 30. MMV & Eastern Cordillera basins Saldaña Fm. Ibagué Batholith Chipaque Une Girón Jordán Noreán Santander batholith Lisama Umir Los Santos Cumbre Rosablanca Simití La Luna El Salto Esmeraldas Fómeque Paja Tablazo La Paz Pinos Tierna Guadalupe Guaduas/ Socha Cacho/ Picacho Lower Chert Chicoral Yavi Caballos Garzón Massif Alpujarra El Ocal Villeta Gp. Tetuan Bambucá La Luna Ollini Gp. Payandé Upper Chert Guaduala Potrerillo 29. Upper Magdalena Valley Basin Gualanday Gp. Monserrate/ Guadalupe/ La Tabla Luisa Luisa Saldaña Fm Chicalá Mbr Saldaña Fm Prado Mbr Lower Valle de Angeles Lower Átima Manto Upper Átima Tayaco Agua Fría Esquias/ Jaitique Wampu Upper Valle de Angeles ? Tabacón 28. Central-Eastern Honduras Krausirpe meta Agua Fría Tepemechín ? Margaret Creek ? Hill Bank Yalbac ? Barton Creek El Cayo Group Albion Island Doubloon Bank 27. Northern Belize (Corozal Basin) ? “Todos Santos” ? Cobán D Cobán C Cobán B Cobán A Angostura Sepur Lacandón Petén Group Actelá 26. Petén Basin ? ? “Todos Santos” Sacapulas Cobán Campur 25. Central Guatemala Chochal “Sacapulas granite” Actelá Sepur 24. NW Guatemala Ixcoy Chicol “Todos Santos” Chochal Santa Rosa Group Sepur (or Chemal) La Silla/ Pueblo Viejo Volcanics ? ? ? San Ricardo Paso Hondo Soyaló 23.Chiapas Fold Belt El Bosque Jolpabuchil Lacandón Angostura Ocozocuautla ? Lomut Sierra Madre Group Todos Santos ? ? Méndez Velasco Tepexilotla Chivillas Orizaba Atoyac Xonamanca Lower Tamauli- pas Maltrata Tecamalucan Mazateco metamorphic Teotitlán Complex Guzmantla Todos Santos ? Upper Tamauli- pas Tianguistengo ? ? ? Zapotitlán Miahuatepec Yucunama/ Tilantongo Mezcala Huajuapan/ Tamazulapan Yanhuitlán Otlaltepec Matzizi Piedra Hueca 20.Mixteca–Puebla (Ayuquila & Tezoatlán) La Compañia San Juan Raya Cipiapa/ Teposcolula Cualac Mezcala Cuautla Balsas Tecomate/ “Chichihualtepec Tecomate” ? Morelos Tetelcingo Zicapa ? Las Lluvias Ignimbrite 19.Mixteca–Guerrero (Olinalá) 21.Mixteca–Oaxaca (Otlaltepec Basin) 22.Cuicateco Terrane– Zongolica Caliza con Cidaris Tecocyunca Cualac Atzompa Diquiyú Rosario Cualac Tecocoyunca Mapache/Sabinal Etlaltongo ? ? Mezcala La Mora ? ? Chimeco/ Cz. con Cidaris Teposcolula Palo Blanco Lower Tamaulipas Upper Tamaulipas Tamabra Red beds locally present intrusion Huastecan Series Tamán Pimienta Santiago Otates El Abra Cahuasas Chapopote Velasco 18. Poza Rica & Tuxpan Platform Guayabal Méndez Chicontepec Aragon San Felipe Agua Nueva Méndez ? San Andrés Tamán Cahuasas Huayacocotla Huastecan Series Tepexic Huehuetepec Santiago Pimienta Tamaulipas Cuesta del Cura Agua Nueva San Felipe Velasco Chicontepec Guayabal Chapopote 17. Huayacocotla uplift & Tampico foreland Palo Blanco Uplift of Sierra Madre thrust front Guacamaya ? Agua Nueva Upper Tamaulipas Taraises Carbonera Lower Tamaulipas La Joya La Casita Huizachal Group El Alamar La Boca Minas Viejas La Caja La Peña Méndez San Felipe 16. Monterrey salient Sierra Madre Oriental Cupido Rancho Nuevo Erosion due to epeirogenic uplift of Sierra Madre thrust front Las Encinas Cerro Grande Canon.del Tule Taraises Carbonera La Caja Cuesta del Cura Erosion due to epeirogenic uplift of northern Mexico Cerro del Pueblo Aurora La Gloria/Zuloaga La Casita ? Nazas Lower Tamaulipas Indidura Caracol Parras 15. Sierra de Parras & Parras Basin Presence of Nazas Formation inferred from relations to west in Durango La Peña Difunta Cupido Muerto Adjuntas Upper Ss Upper Ms Lower 3 mbrs La Peña U B la Carroza L & M El Toro Cuesta del Cura Upper El Toro Indidura Potrerillos Carroza Viento Difunta Group Nanogyra ls Minas Viejas La Casita ? Indidura Taraises Parras Aurora 14. La Popa Basin L B la Carroza Upson Eagle Ford Menchaca Cupido Georgetown Cupido Barril Viejo Padilla Buda/Del Rio Section eroded due to inversion of Sabinas basin and epeirogenic uplift of northern Mexico Taraises La Mula La Peña Olvido La Casita “Zuloaga” Upper Tamaulipas Escondido Olmos Austin Red beds San Miguel 13. Central Sabinas Basin La Virgen Cupido Minas Viejas Upper Acatita Aurora Tamps La Peña Section eroded due to inversion of Sabinas basin Las Granitic intrusions Section eroded due to inversion of Chihuahua trough salt hoppers, desiccation cracks Las Uvas Beds at Las Palomas Beds at Sierra El Granizo Tanque Cuatro Palmas Colorado beds San Marcos/ Patula Barril Viejo Cupido Bossier Hosston Georgetown/Buda Schuler Knowles Sligo Eagle Ford Pearsall Fredricksburg/ Stuart City Norphlet Werner Upper Sligo Gilmer Louann 11. Rio Grande Embayment 12. Sabinas Basin & Coahuila Block Smackover Haynesville Eagle Mills Glen Rose Austin Taylor Lower- Middle Upper Wilcox Navarro Midway Claiborne Jackson Black Peaks Javelina Aguja Pen Maxon Ss Glen Rose Telephone Cyn Sue Peaks Del Carmen Hannold Hill Hannold Hill/ Canoe Buda/Del Rio Boquillas 10. Big Bend, Texas, & Marathon Fold Belt Cathedral Mtn Skinner Ranch Chihuahua ? Buda/Del Rio La Sofía Cerro Nevado Ignimbrite La Viñata granite Verde La Casita Navarrete Ojinaga 9. Chihuahua Cuchillo ? El Carrizalillo ? Cerro de Enmedio Plomosas Formation ? Loma Plata Benevides Finlay Lagrima Benigno Las Vigas Sabinas basin section onlaps Coahuila block in late Aptian K 0 J 0 Glen Canyon Group San Rafael Page Carmel Entrada Summerville/Curtis Tuff, Mesa Redondo Mbr. Morrison Kaiparowits Claron Wahweap Straight Cliffs Tropic Dakota Cedar Mountain Chinle Kayenta Rock Point Wingate/ Moenave Navajo J 1 J 2 J 3 J 5 8. Colorado Plateau Mancos 7. SE Arizona/ SW New Mexico “Glance” Scherrer Colina/Epitaph ? Ringbone Skunk Ranch Onion Saddle Canelo Hills Volcanics Morita/ Hell-to-Finish Mural/U-Bar Cintura/Mojado Glance/ Crystal Cave Broken Jug ? ? ? ? ? ? 6 El Bajio Intrusive Cabullona 6. Sonora Escalante/ Cocóspera Cintura/Anita Tarahumara Mural Morita Cucurpe Rancho San Martin Basomari Santa Clara Arrayanes Barranca Group Coyotes Glance Strata at Sierra Santa Teresa Rancho La Colgada La Juana ? ? ? ? Nazas Ahuichila Caracol Indidura Cuesta de Cura Aurora Aurora La Gloria Taray/ Zacatecas La Peña Cupido 5. Mesa Central and Torreón region Taraises Lower Tamaulipas Carbonera La Casita Gondwana–Maya Block Gondwana Laurentia Peri-Gondwanan substrate Guerrero Guerrero-Oaxaquia Boundary Chortís Block Gondwana–Colombian Andes Explanation Platform carbonate Basinal carbonate; Calciturbidites Carbonate lentil Outer shelf carbonate and shale Ramp carbonate Marine sandstone; Delta front Calcareous sandstone and limestone Delta plain Turbidites/flysch Shelfal shale Prodelta shale; Foredeep deposits Loessite Olistostrome; Slope deposits Red beds; Fluvial strata Conglomeratic strata Eolian strata Lacustrine strata Halite and gypsum Gypsum Evaporitic Strata Volcanic Rocks Intrusive Rocks Oceanic Rocks Siliciclastic Strata Carbonate Strata Breccia Volcaniclastic rocks; ± red beds Submarine volcanic rocks; pillow lava Submarine pyroclastic rocks and tuff Subaerial volcanic rocks Ophiolite Granite, tonalite, granodiorite Gabbro, diorite Bedded chert Stratigraphic age from detrital zircon maximum depositional age U-Pb zircon age on igneous rock (tuff, flow, intrusion) Unconformity San Juan de la Rosa Peña Azul El Doctor Las Trancas ? El Chilar ? ? 4. Querétaro Soyatal Tamaulipas ? La Perlita Arperos Esperanza/Sierra de los Cuarzos 3. Guanajuato Madrid 2. Zijuatanejo/Colima ? ? Macias Granite Cerro de la Vieja Cutzamala Corumbindio Arteaga/ Las Ollas Angao Tepalcatepec Tecomán Tecalitlán San Lucas ? ? Vizcaíno Peninsula Ophiolite 1. Baja CA Peninsula Eugenia Valle sandstone mbr Cedros Island Ophiolite breccia mbr limestone mbr San Hipolito/Cerro El Calvario chert mbr Coloradito Gran Cañon Alisitos/Asunción Zamora 30 40 50 60 70 80 70 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 250 240 230 220 210 310 300 290 280 270 260 320 Ma Geologic Time Scale (Cohen et al., 2013, updated) Albian Cenomanian Turonian Coniacian Santonian Maastrichtian Campanian Danian Selandian Thanetian Ypresian Lutetian Bartonian Priabonian Paleocene Late Early Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic Permian Eocene Paleogene Aptian Barremian Hauterivian Valanginian Berriasian Tithonian Kimmeridg. Oxfordian Callovian Bathonian Bajocian Aalenian Toarcian Pliensbach. Sinemurian Hettangian Rhaetian Norian Carnian Ladinian Anisian Olenekian Changhsing. Wuchiaping. Capitanian Wordian Roadian Kungurian Artinskian Sakmarian Asselian Gzhelian Kasimovian Moscovian Bashkirian Induan Middle Late Early Late Middle Early Lopingian Guadalupian Early Pennsylvanian Carboniferous (part) Maya Block highstanding and source of sediment Pre-rift thermal doming of Pangea (~245-202 Ma): Thermal uplift preceding Pangean rifting; large-scale rivers draining toward paleo-Pacific. Large-volume sediment prism on western margin of Oaxaquia. No Triassic on Maya (Yucatan) block. North Atlantic not yet present. Oceanic substrate of offshore arc develops in paleo-Pacific, with initial volcaniclastic deposition beginning end Triassic and continuing into Jurassic. Ophiolite formation and establishment of magmatic arc in Baja California Peninsula. Deposition of extensive submarine fan systems on western margin of nuclear Mexico. Gondwanan Continental-margin arc and closure of Rheic Ocean (~344-280 Ma): Volcanic and plutonic magmatism on leading edge of Gondwana; far-field intracratonic (Ancestral Rocky Mountain) basins in SW Laurentia; remnant ocean basin recorded by Pennsylvanian turbidites prior to Early Permian collision (~185 Ma) in Marathon region; development of forearc basins (Coahuila block, Acatlán); metamorphism of Ouachita core zone (northern Coahuila block). Peri-Gondwanan complexes are recorded in a number of blocks or terranes of Mexico (Coahuila, Acatlán, and Chortis), which are no longer in their Paleozoic positions relative to one another. Permo-Triassic magmatism (to ~273-245 Ma): East Mexican arc recorded by widespread granites intruded in Tamaulipas arch and basement of Sabinas basins,Tampico-Misantla basin, Coahuila block; mafic magmatism and metamorphism in Cuicateco Gulf of Mexico Rifting and West Coast Continental-margin Arc (~200-167 Ma): Onset of Atlantic opening 200 Ma (coincident with oldest detrital zircons derived from Nazas arc. Dispersed silicic magmatism in northern and north-central Mexico; magmatic arc in Baja California Peninsula. Widespread onshore post-salt extension and rifting (~160-145 Ma): Primary phase of source rock deposition (Kimmeridgian and Tithonian); rift basins form in northern, eastern (Huizachal and Cahuasas basins) and southern Mexico (Todos Santos). Maya block rotates and sea-floor spreading takes place in Gulf of Mexico. Extensional arc, back-arc extension, carbonate platforms and basin (~145-116 Ma): Continental-margin arc on western edge of Oaxaquia; development of backarc rifts in NW and southern Mexico, extensive carbonate platforms and basins in northern and eastern Mexico. Carbonate platforms and basins (~116-100 Ma): Global 116 Ma flood results in Mexico-wide late Aptian deposition of basinal shales and carbonates; Albian development of reefs in northern, eastern, and southern Mexico; onset of major magmatism in Peninsular Ranges batholith. Mexican orogeny in Central and Southern Mexico (~100-78 Ma): Collision of Guerrero terrane induces widespread drowning of carbonate platforms; intra pelagic carbonate deposited eastern and NE Mexico in distal foredeep; flysch deposits in central and southern Mexico; flexural subsidence and collision-related conglomerates in Bisbee Basin system of NW Mexico and SW United States. Apex of magmatic flux in Peninsular Ranges batholith (La Posta magmatic event 98-92 Ma). This time interval is equivalent to Sevier orogeny in the United States. Laramide orogeny in US and Mexican orogeny in Mexico north of Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (~77-48 Ma): Flysch to molasse transition in northern Mexico; continued foredeep (and forebulge) development in eastern Mexico; arc magmatism migrates east to Sonora and Sinaloa, Sierra Madre del Sur in southern Mexico; initial partitioning of Late Cretaceous foreland basin in western US. Caribbean arc collides with southern Mexico and Central America. Tectonic Interpretation Salt deposition in Gulf of Mexico (~169-166 Ma) Plate 1. Stratigraphic correlation chart of Mexico and parts of adjacent countries. CA—California; mbr—member; Ss—Sandstone; ls—limestone; Ms—mudstone; U—Upper; B—Boca; L—Lower; Cz—Caliza; MMV—Middle Magdalena Valley. This Supplemental Material accompanies Lawton, T.F., Sierra-Rojas, M.I., and Martens, U., 2020, Stratigraphic correlation chart of Carboniferous–Paleogene rocks of Mexico, adjacent southwestern United States, Central America, and Colombia, in Martens, U., and Molina Garza, R.S., eds., Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic–Cenozoic Basins: Geological Society of America Special Paper 546, https://doi.org/10.1130/2020.2546(05).
