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A - 2564 Weissenbach AUSTRIATel. +43/2672/890-0, Fax: 890-13Internet: www.polytechnik.com
E-Mail: [email protected]
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22
Biomass heat and energy Biomass heat and energy productionproduction
Ing. Herbert Brenner
Polytechnik Luft-und Feuerungstechnik GmbH
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Our expertise in combustion of biomass:Our expertise in combustion of biomass:more than more than 40 jears experiance40 jears experianceworldwide subsidiariesworldwide subsidiariesmore than 2.300 plants in operationmore than 2.300 plants in operationexportexport--rate approx. 85 %rate approx. 85 %
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44
0
500
1000
1500
1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020 2040 2060
Exajoule =1018J
- sustainable development -
Source:Deutsche Shell AG
unknowngeothermal
solar energy
new biomass
wind Ren
ewab
le
ener
gy
sou
rces
nuclear power
water
natural gas
oil
coal and lignite
trad. biomass
Toda
y’s
ener
gy
sou
rces
World Energy Consumption 2060
biomass market of tomorrow will increase rapidly …
biomass market of tomorrow will increase rapidly …
Predicted WorldPredicted World’’s Energy Consumption (Shells Energy Consumption (Shell--Study)Study)
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55
BIOMASS COMBUSTION BIOMASS COMBUSTION PLANTSPLANTS
with an individual boiler capacity ofwith an individual boiler capacity of
500 kW to 20.000 kW500 kW to 20.000 kW
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66
Combustion typesCombustion types::
hydraulic grate furnaceshydraulic grate furnacesunderfeed grate furnacesunderfeed grate furnacesunderfeed stokersunderfeed stokers
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Kind of fuels:Kind of fuels:
saw and plane shavingssaw and plane shavingssaw dustsaw dustwood chipswood chipsbarkbarkdemolition wooddemolition woodgrain remainsgrain remainspoultry dung / horse dungpoultry dung / horse dungother biomassother biomass
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88
To produce heat and / or electricity for :
• district heating plants
• CHP cogeneration plants
• production heating processes
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99
heat exchanger (boiler) forheat exchanger (boiler) for::warm waterwarm water (up to 95(up to 95°° C)C)
hot waterhot water (more than 95(more than 95°° C to 200C to 200°° C)C)
low pressure steamlow pressure steam (up to 1 bar)(up to 1 bar)
high pressure steamhigh pressure steam (up to 36 bar)(up to 36 bar)
high pressure hot steamhigh pressure hot steam (up to (up to 450450°° C, 63 bar)C, 63 bar)
thermo oilthermo oil (up to 320(up to 320°° C)C)
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1010
complete turn key complete turn key installations, inclinstallations, incl..
fuel dischargefuel dischargefuel feeding systemfuel feeding systemfurnacefurnaceboilerboilerflue gas dedusting systemflue gas dedusting systemcontrol andcontrol and regulation unitregulation unit
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1111
electroelectro--installationinstallation
power generation unitspower generation units
waterside installation incl. pipingwaterside installation incl. piping
building for boiler house and fuel storagebuilding for boiler house and fuel storage
auxilary systemsauxilary systems
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1212
Design and planning:Design and planning:
Definition of plant parameters: pressures, Definition of plant parameters: pressures, temperatures, capacities, (warmwater, temperatures, capacities, (warmwater, hotwater, steam, thermooil) hotwater, steam, thermooil)
Determine the annual heat consumption Determine the annual heat consumption (min (min -- max. capacities, annual operating max. capacities, annual operating hours table )hours table )
annual heat consumption of district heatingannual heat consumption of district heating
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1414
Accurate definition of the used fuel (minAccurate definition of the used fuel (min--/max. watercontents, size, ash contents, /max. watercontents, size, ash contents, chemical analysis ) to fix the feeding and chemical analysis ) to fix the feeding and combustion systemcombustion system
Determination of the ingredients of fuel Determination of the ingredients of fuel as nitrogen, clorine, sulfur, o.s.o. to fix as nitrogen, clorine, sulfur, o.s.o. to fix the flue gas cleaning system according to the flue gas cleaning system according to the valid emission levelsthe valid emission levels
Design and planning:Design and planning: AVAILABLE FUEL
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1515
Design and planning:Design and planning:
Nitrogen in the fuel:Nitrogen in the fuel:valid for level of NOx (NO2) : SNCRvalid for level of NOx (NO2) : SNCR--plants, plants, SCRSCR-- plants or other NOx reducing methodsplants or other NOx reducing methods
Chlorine:Chlorine:valid for HClvalid for HCl--value in flue gas and high value in flue gas and high temperature corrosion; Fix the heat transfer and temperature corrosion; Fix the heat transfer and max. temperatures in the boilermax. temperatures in the boiler
Sulfur:Sulfur:valid for SO2valid for SO2--value in flue gas, raises up the value in flue gas, raises up the dewdew--point of the flue gas (corrosion)point of the flue gas (corrosion)
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1616
Definition of the proceedings according to the Definition of the proceedings according to the costs and economicscosts and economics
Definition of the boiler parameters and fuel Definition of the boiler parameters and fuel feeding / storage / and flue gas handling and feeding / storage / and flue gas handling and cleaning.cleaning.
Choice of the flue gas cleaning system: Choice of the flue gas cleaning system: multicyclonemulticycloneelectrostatic filterelectrostatic filterbagfilterbagfilter
Process engineering
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1717
Process engineering
the heatthe heat--led led application of a CHP application of a CHP plant are focussed to plant are focussed to the heat requirements the heat requirements of the heat consumers. of the heat consumers.
For the powerFor the power--led led application of a CHP application of a CHP plant the focus is on the plant the focus is on the power production." power production."
power led application(extraction condensing turbine)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4
MW elM
W th
heat /energy ratio
heat led application(ORC, back pressure turbine)
0
5
10
15
20
25
1 2 3 4
MW el
MW
th
heat /energy ratio
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1818
photosynthesis and photosynthesis and carbon carbon -- cyclecycle Energy from Biomass
Holz
Heizhaus
H2O
CO2
Sonnen-Energie
H2OAscheMineral-
stoffe
O2
ThermischeEnergie
Wood combustion doesn’t contribute to greenhouse effect, because the disengaging carbon dioxide originated from combustion, will be bound by photosynthesis in growing up trees / plants.
Therefore the CO2 – balance is equalised.
Biomass based heating plants use local, natural energy sources, which are renewable by photosynthesis.
The use of wood energy contributes to the maintenance of forestry and landscape.
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1919
„„Clean combustionClean combustion““through through
adiabate combustion adiabate combustion chamber with chamber with adjacent heat adjacent heat
utilisationutilisation
Advantage of Polytechnik:
•Low emissions (NOx, dust, CO, CxHy)
•Low fouling of adjacent heat exchangers
•Less expenses for cleaning / maintenance
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2020
Hydraulic moving grate firing system
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2121
Hydraulic pushing rods for silo extraction
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2222
Hydraulic driven fuel feeding device to firing
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2323
3 D planning of fuel feeding device
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2424
District heating plant 2x10MW
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2525
Control and visualisation systemControl and visualisation system
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2626
Automatic Automatic boiler boiler
cleaning cleaning devicedevice
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2727
Technologies for CHP and Power generation units:
ORC (Organic Rancine Cycle plants)
Steam turbine plants
biomass gasification with gas turbines/engines
other power generating processes
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2828
Boiler efficiency for biomass fuel Boiler efficiency for biomass fuel w = 50 % w = 50 %
85 85 –– 87 %87 %Steamboiler incl. economiserSteamboiler incl. economiser
83 83 –– 84 %84 %Thermooilboiler with Thermooilboiler with economisers for ORCeconomisers for ORC--cyclecycle-- split split systemsystem
85 85 -- 87 %87 %hot water boilerhot water boiler
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2929
Your partner from first concept Your partner from first concept ……
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3030
……. until after sales service.. until after sales service.
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3131
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) concept: a commercial technology for distributed production of combined heat and power from various energy sources
Turboden T600 – CHP (600 kWel)
Doc. 08A
00171_e -Copyright ©
2008 –Turboden S.r.l. A
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3232
ORC Plants in cogeneration
>70 units from 0,2 – 2MWel in operation in Europe
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3333
T600 unit (600 kWel) lay-out
Lay–out: one single skid up to 800 kWel
Doc. 08A
00171_e -Copyright ©
2008 –Turboden S.r.l. A
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3434
T1500 unit (1500 kWel) lay-out
Lay–out: separate items above 800 kWel
Doc. 08A
00171_e -Copyright ©
2008 –Turboden S.r.l. A
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3535
ORCORC--Reference plants (excerpt)Reference plants (excerpt)
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3636
Rankine Cycle (steam cycle):
production of combined heat and power with steam turbine
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3737
Impressions of Reference plantsImpressions of Reference plants
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3838
Automatic fuel extraction
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3939
Moving grate combustion units with air pre-heater, 21 000 kW (District heating)
District heating plant Pisz, Poland
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4040
Errection of a co-generation plant (2 x 10 000 kWtherm, 5 000 kWel)
Göpfritz, Austria
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4141
Er
Errection of a co-generation plant under Russian conditions, Archangelsk, Russia
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4242
Delivery of a co-generation plant 8MW
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4343
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5454
Lay–out CHP plant : 42 MW therm. and 7500 kWel
Bio Energie Lozere FR-48000 Mende
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5555
A - 2564 Weissenbach AUSTRIATel. +43/2672/890-0, Fax: 890-13Internet: www.polytechnik.com
E-Mail: [email protected]
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