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A DRUG POLICY FOR THE 21 ST CENTURY David Mineta Deputy Director, Office of Demand Reduction Office of National Drug Control Policy October 29, 2014 2014 National PBIS Leadership Forum
A DRUG POLICY FOR THE 21ST CENTURY
David MinetaDeputy Director, Office of Demand Reduction
Office of National Drug Control Policy
October 29, 2014
2014 National PBIS Leadership Forum
• Component of the Executive Office of the President
• Coordinates drug control activities and related funding across the Federal Government
• Produces the annual National Drug Control Strategy
Office of National Drug Control Policy
Substance Use Among Youth
0
5
10
15
20
25
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2526
-29
30-3
435
-39
40-4
445
-49
50-5
455
-59
60-6
465
+
Perc
ent R
epor
ting P
ast M
onth
Use
Age
Why Prevention? Escalation of Drug Use During the Teen Years
2/2014
Source: SAMHSA, 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2013).
12th Graders’ Past Year Marijuana Use vs. Perceived Risk of Occasional Marijuana Use
757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798990 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1
0111213
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Past Year Use Perceived Risk
Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G.,Schulenberg, J. E. & Miech, R. A. (2014). Monitoring the Future national survey results on drug use, 1975–2013: Volume 2, College students and adults ages 19–55. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan.
•Skipping Class•Fewer Studying Hours•Decreased Motivation•Poor Quality/Less Sleep•Cognitive Problems
•Declining GPA•Dropping Classes•Lost Opportunities (internships, work,
special studies)
•Delayed Graduation•Failure to Graduate•Attenuation of Goals•Lack of Readiness for Employment•Underemployment
Short-term Manifestations
Long-term Outcomes
IntermediaryProcesses
Conceptual Framework for Understanding the Association between Substance Use, Mental
Health, and Student Outcomes
Arria, A. M., Caldeira, K. M., Bugbee, B. A., Vincent, K. B., & O’Grady, K. E. (2013). The academic opportunity costs of substance use during college. College Park, MD, Center on Young Adult Health and Development.
• IQ• Grades• School Safety and Climate
Substance Use and Academic Performance
Non-usersused 1 Dx
used 2 Dx
used 3 Dx
-8
-6
-4
-2
0
2
Avera
ge P
oin
t D
iffere
nce
in IQ
sco
re
(IQ
at
age 1
3 –
IQ
at
age 3
8)
Persistent Marijuana Users ShowA Significant IQ Drop between
Childhood and Midlife
Source: Meier MH et al., PNAS Early Edition 2012
Followed 1,037 individuals from birth to age 38. Tested marijuana use at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38. Tested for IQ at ages 13 and 38.
[Compton, W. (2014, June 10). Drug Abuse/Addiction Prevention: Good for Educational Outcomes? Academic Achievement Forum.]
Students with an average grade of ‘D’* or lower are morelikely to be substance users compared to students whose
grade average is better than ‘D’Pe
rcen
t Rep
ortin
g U
se in
the
Past
Mon
th 20.9
17.619.7
14.3
8.46.8
5.16.2
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
Any IllicitDrug
Marijuana Cigarettes Binge Use ofAlcohol**
"D" or lower grade averageGrade average better than "D"
*Average Grade for Last Completed Grading Period**Binge Use of Alcohol is drinking five or more drinks on the same occasion on at least one day in the past 30 days.
Persons Aged 12 to 17 Who Were Enrolled in the Past Year, 2013
9/2014Source: SAMHSA, 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, Detailed Tables. (September 2014).
School Climate Index andSchool Performance
From: CalS3 Factsheet #3 (http://californias3.wested.org/tools)
Voight, A., Austin, G., and Hanson, T. (2013). A climate for academic success: How school climate distinguishes schoolsthat are beating the achievement odds (Report Summary). San Francisco: WestEd.
Substance Abuse Prevention• Each dollar invested in an evidence-based school drug
prevention program can reduce costs related to substance use by an average of $18.1
• Effective drug prevention happens when local, state, and regional supporters work together.
• Prevention must be comprehensive: – evidence-based interventions in multiple settings– tested public education campaigns– sound public policies
1 Miller, T. and Hendrie, D. Substance Abuse Prevention Dollars and Cents: A Cost-Benefit Analysis, DHHS Pub. No. (SMA) 07-4298. Rockville, MD: Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2008.
What Does All This Mean?
Working Togetherto Change the Course
Resources
atipartnerships.com
getsmartaboutdrugs.gov
teens.drugabuse.gov
familycheckupguide.gov
whitehouse.gov/ondcp
0
5
10
15
20
25
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2526
-29
30-3
435
-39
40-4
445
-49
50-5
455
-59
60-6
465
+
Perc
ent R
epor
ting P
ast M
onth
Use
Age
Why Prevention? Escalation of Drug Use During the Teen Years
2/2014
Source: SAMHSA, 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (September 2013).
Thank You
