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A form of government in which the people choose
some of the officials
• Republic
A ruler who has complete control over a government.
• Dictator
The basic military unit of the Roman army.
• Legion
In the early Roman republic, members of the landholding
upper class were called…
• patricians
One reason why most conquered people remained
loyal to Rome was that Rome…
• Allowed some of them to become citizens
During the early republic, why was it important that
Roman laws were written on 12 tablets and shown to the
public?
• Plebeians could then appeal a judgment made by a patrician judge.
The ancient Romans developed their religious
beliefs from…
• Greek religion
Foreign soldiers serving for pay.
• Mercenaries
To try to restore order to the empire, Roman emperor
Diocletian …
• Divided the empire into two parts
Large numbers of Germanic peoples crossed into the
lands of the Roman empire in the late 300s to escape …
• Invading Huns
What important change did the Roman emperor
Constantine make in A.D. 313?
• He granted religious toleration to Christians
What contributed to the economic weakening of the
late Roman empire?
• Heavy taxes helped to push the middle classed into poverty.
The author of the Aeneid.
• Virgil
The Hellenistic scientist who argued that the Earth was the
center of the universe.
• Ptolemy
What is the basic plot of the Aeneid?
• A hero escapes from the city of Troy to found Rome
Roman architecture emphasized …
• Grandeur
What was the popular Roman philosophy that stressed the
importance of duty and acceptance of one’s fate?
• Stoicism
The Romans used their engineering skills to build …
• Aqueducts
A system of law that developed under the Roman republic and
applied to citizens was called …
• Civil law
A belief contrary to official Church teaching.
• heresy
A scholar who combined Christian doctrine with Greco-
Roman learning.
• Augustine
What is a true statement about Jesus of Nazareth?
• His teachings were rooted in Jewish tradition
To join the early Christian community, a person had to
…
• Be baptized, or blessed with holy water
Romans excused Jews from worshipping Roman gods …
• To avoid violating the Jewish belief in on god
Who made the greatest contribution toward setting Christianity on the road to
becoming a world religion?
• Paul
The highest-ranking official in the early Christian Church
was the …
• patriarch
The policy of establishing control over foreign lands and
peoples.
• Imperialism
Huge estates bought up by wealthy Roman families.
• Latifundia
In the Punic Wars, Rome gained control of lands around
the Mediterranean Sea by defeating …
• The Carthaginians
How did the senate change during the Roman empire as compared to the republic?
• It held much less power than under the republic
Who was the great Carthaginian general who
nearly defeated the Romans in the Second Punic War?
• Hannibal
Julius Caesar’s enemies assassinated him because …
• They feared he planned to make himself king of Rome
Roman emperor Augustus ordered a census of the
Roman empire …
• So there would be records of all who should be taxed
Under pressure from attacks, the first land surrendered by
the Roman empire was in
• Britain