A glance on journey of wireless mobile communication technology in
recent era.
Sudhir Soman. Assistant Professor, Dept. of computer science,
Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Mukundnagar, Gultekdi, Pune 37.
Abstract:
Wireless mobile communication has progressed very
fast in recent years. Latest wireless technology has a
very high bandwidth with very low consumption of
power. This latest technology is available in very low
rates as well. This paper mostly focuses on various
changes happened in wireless mobile communication
in terms of technology, hardware, bandwidth and
price.
Keywords: Wireless, mobile, communication, 1G,
2G, 3G, 4G, Bandwidth.
Introduction:
In recent years wireless mobile communication has
progressing its technical enhancements very fast. The
journey of mobile communication has started from
1G means first generation of wireless analog
communication which was introduced in 1980with
frequency of 150 MHz and up.[10] In 1991[11], 2G i.e.
second generation wireless mobile communication
was introduced in the market. In second generation
calling and text messaging technology was available.
It was offering maximum speed of 50 Kbit/s. [11]
The technological progress of wireless mobile
communication continued and third generation
technology was introduced in 1998[12].In this third
generation video calling facility was introduced.
Various mobile phone applications started coming in
the internet market i.e. online market. The third
generation technology became very popular among
the users. It was offering a least speed of 0.2 Mbit/s.
[12] Various online shopping, online banking
applications started in this era. After the introduction
of fourth generation technology mobile
communication has taken a very big leap. Due to
availability of very high bandwidth i.e. up to 1
Gbit/s[13] , online business practices have taken a
tremendous growth. Shopping, banking, streaming of
movies, streaming of small advertisements to web
series became very easy and popular. Portable wifi
facility at homes and offices has given easy access to
internet. Users now have cheaper option of internet
based entertainment which is better than television.
No. Generation Capability Technology
Used
1 1G Only Voice
signals
Analog Signal
2 2G Voice and
data signals
GPRS, EDGE
3 3G
Voice, data
and video
signals
UMTS,
HSPA,
HSPA+,
HSDPA,
HSUPA, DC-
HSPA+
4 4G
Enhanced
3G
technology
LTE
FDD-LTE
TDD-LTE [14]
Literature review:
In the article of ‘Mobile computing with wireless
LAN and its modes Ad hoc network with
challenges’, the authors summarize mobile
computing with wireless LAN and its modes. They
talk about mobile cloud computing which is a
combination of both cloud computing and mobile
networks to bring benefits for mobile users,
networkers as well as cloud computing providers.
They talk about Ad hoc networks too. [1]
In the paper of ‘Wireless communication and mobile
computing’, authors say that future networks may
adapt a multitier RF/Optical architecture comprising,
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 7, 2019 (Special Issue) © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com
Page 1 of 3
macro cells, microcells, different types of licensed
small cells, optical auto cells, OWC networks and
optical wireless communication networks. [2]
In the article ‘Advanced Wireless Communications
and Mobile Computing Technologies for the
Internet of Things’, authors talk about advanced
wireless communications and mobile computing
technologies for the internet of things. They talk
about high throughput anti-collision protocol to
decrease the energy consumption in a passive RFID
system. [3]
In the paper ‘Mobile Computing – An Introduction
with Issues in Mobile Security’, authors talk about
security aspect of mobile computing. Authors talk
about the issues within the security like
confidentiality, integrity, availability, legitimacy and
accountability which needs to be individually taken
care off. [4]
In the paper ‘A Study on Wireless Communication
Networks Based on Different Generations’, author
discuss about different generations of wireless
technology. Authors have observed the gradual
change in wireless communication technology which
are based on different generations. From first
generation to fifth generation. First generation of
wireless communication refers to cell phones in
1980.Second generation technology phones
introduced in late 1980’s.The technology was based
on digital transmissions. It introduced data services
for mobile, starting with text messages. In third
generation, digital mobile multimedia communication
with voice, videos, and graphics, audio and other
information was started. Fourth generation
technology was introduced after 2012, which
supports interactive multimedia voice, streaming
audio, video internet and other services. Its frequency
is 2-8 GHz and bandwidth is 5-20 MHz supporting
20Mbps or more data rate.5G will provide better
speed and coverage than 4G.It increases network
expandability of up to 1000 connections. [5]
In the paper ‘Design and implementation of a
security processor for satellite communication
systems’, authors conclude that satellite
communication security is dependent on
cryptography. A scheme that must remain
unbreakable for major amount of time. Since in a
satellite patching and long lifecycle updation and is
not an easy process. [6]
In the paper ‘A novel approach for authentication
technique in mobile communications’, authors
discuss about high speed data communication. This is
established by packet switching process through
P.S.D.N. servers. In the circuit switching technique
authentication is mutual where in MSC or MS or
network authenticate each other. They have presented
some new approaches which can be effectively used
as an authentication tool in 3G mobile
communication technology. [7]
In the article ‘Review paper on development of
mobile wireless technologies (1G to 5G)’, the authors
discuss about the fast growing mobile networks and
their speed in last four decades. Network speed had
grown fast from generations to generations i.e. from
1G to 4G. The authors focus on the development of
mobile wireless communication network from 1G to
5G and how they differ from each other and the
advantages and disadvantages they posses. [8]
In the paper ‘Current and future trends in wireless
mobile communication systems’, authors talk about
latest and coming trends in the areas of mobile
communication with different applications. Authors
state that the wireless mobile communication started
around 1970 and it is continuously upgraded up to
5G. Fifth generation wireless mobile communication
technology requires a very high bandwidth, which is
never experienced previously. [9]
Conclusion:
The wireless mobile communication has progressed
from first generation 1G to fourth generation 4G in
terms of availability of bandwidth, convenience and
low cost. The market is waiting for implementation
of fifth generation technology 5G.The users are
waiting for this high bandwidth network with very
low latency time.
References:
[1] Pallavi D. Dudhe, Prof. P. L. Ramteke, Mobile
Computing with Wireless LAN and its Modes
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Page 2 of 3
Ad hoc Network with Challenges, International
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[10] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1G, 12th March
2019. 5.22 P.M.
[11] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2G,12th March
2019. 5.24 P.M
[12] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3G, 12th March
2019. 5.26 P.M
[13] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4G, 12th March
2019 7.52 P.M.
[14] https://www.google.com/search?q=generations +
of+mobile+technologies&safe=active&tbm=isch&so
urce=iu&ictx=1&fir=gRIDXGWDbTKL_M%253A
%252Caj1MyoA_32R4rM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4
_-kQHHldiH8ypt_UA_tRDcDAag6vEnw&sa =
X&ved=2ahUKEwiw1Y6b5_zgAhUQcCsKHQmmB
ZgQ9QEwAHoECAYQBg#imgrc=cp-A5v-
5CBIE0M:&vet=1 12th March 2019 8.09 P.M.
International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 14, Number 7, 2019 (Special Issue) © Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com
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