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What Do You Think The Bear Is Doing?A Look at Explicit Print Reference Techniques : Developing Emergent Literacy Skills Preschoolers
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Table of ContentsSlide 1 – A Link to a Study on Explicit Print Reference
Slide 2 – Table of Contents
Slide 3 – Definition of Print Reference and Link
Slide 4 – Verbal and Nonverbal Cues
Slide 5 - Video on Print Awareness
Slide 6 – The Speech Pathologists Role and Link
Slide 7 - Classroom Strategies and Link
Slide 8 - The Read Aloud Experience and Link
Slide 9 - Video on Strategies for Reading Aloud
Slide 10 – Print Referencing and Special Needs and A Link
Slide 11 - Dialogic Reading Strategies and Links
Slide 12- Video Dialogic Reading (Dr. Whitehurst), Links to Parent Involvement Reading Interactions
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What is Print Referencing?
Print referencing refers to an adult’s use of nonverbal and verbal cues to direct a child’s attention to the forms, features, and functions of written language. These cues are embedded into the shared storybook reading interactions of adults (parents, clinicians, or teachers) and young children
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Verbal and Nonverbal CuesCues Example
Nonverbal References
Pointing to print Adult points to narrative print or print embedded in illustrations.
Tracking print Adult tracks the print whilereading the narrative text.
Verbal referencesQuestions about print Do you know this letter? What do you
think this says?Comments about print That’s an A. This says “Get
out!”Requests about print Show me where the O is. Help me
read these words.
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Print Awareness
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Speech Language Pathologist’s Role•Collaboration with classroom teachers and in-
classroom intervention provide an ideal context for working with language impaired children as well as providing support for children at-risk for later language and literacy difficulties.
•These practices are in line with ASHA’s position statement ―The Roles and Responsibilities of the SLP in Regards to Reading and Writing in Children and Adolescents‖ (ASHA, 2001).
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Classroom Strategies
Storybook Center
Activities
Center Based
Activities
Writing Related Activities
Click on the Links!
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The Read Aloud Experience•Page order: We read this page first, and then we read the next one. . .
•Point out the title of the book: This is the title of the book. It tells us. . .
•Point out text direction--top to bottom, left to right: We begin reading this word, and then we move. . .
•Talk about the author/ illustrator: The author wrote the book. .
•Discuss the names and concepts of letters: I see the same letter in two words/ Can you find a letter 'M' or 'T'?
•Concepts of word: Let's count the words on this page. . .
•Short/ Long words: Which word is longer/ shorter. . .
•Read captions/ subtitles: The caption here tells us about the photo. . .
•Point out words in illustrations: Here it says 'mail' on the mailbox. . .
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Strategies for Reading Aloud to Young Children
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Print Referencing and Special Needs•Materials should be simple– Few words on a page– Pictures to explain the words
• Materials should match the interests of your audience– Maybe take a survey to find out if children have special interests
• Materials should match the attention span of your audience– Start with 3-5 minutes, then build up as children are able
Know the warning signs of flagging attention!
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Dialogic Reading Strategies 1. Show the book and ask children what they think the
story will be about. 2. Point out key words or ideas to help get the children
ready for the story. 3. Read the book from beginning to end just as the
author wrote it, and use as much expression and gesture as you can.
4. The next time you read the book, and each time after that, let the children tell more and more of the story. Notice new words, interesting ideas and silly actions and talk about them.
5. If the book is available in two or more languages, read them at separate times of the day or over a two-day period. It is just as helpful for the Spanish-speaking children to hear English stories as it is for English-speaking children to hear stories in other languages.
6. Print out this form[PDF, 25KB]. If you fill it in and tape it to the back of the book, you will have a great new literacy source ready for you or anyone else who reads this book to your children!
Form Two Link
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Involving Parents
Family Book Night