EARTHQUAKE SUMMARY MAPU.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIORU.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
A R G E N T I N A
C H I L E
PE
RU
_C
HI
LE
TR
EN
CH
La Rioja
La Serena
San Juan
Mendoza
Valparaiso
Talca
Concepcion
Temuco Neuquen
Coquimbo
A
A'
Santiago
1914
1918
1928
1939
1953
19601962
1971
1975
1977
1906
1922
1943
1960
1960
1985
SanFernando
68°
68°
70°
70°
72°
72°
74°
74°
76°
76°
78°
28°
30°
30°
32°
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34°
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38°
P E R U - CH
I L E TREN
CH
NAZCAPLATE
ALTIPLANOPLATE
SCOTIA SEA PLATE
SOUTHAMERICA
PLATE
AN
DE
S
AN
DE
S
L. Ti t ica c a
Para
na
V a l d i v i a F r a c t u r e Z o n e
U R U G U A Y
P A R A G U A Y
B O L I V I A
ARG E
N TI N
A
CH
IL
E
A r g e n t i n e B a s i n
F a l k l a n d P l a t e a u
Fa lk l a n d Es ca r pm e n t
S o u t h G e o r g i a R i d g e
Nazc
a R i
dge
Ch
i l e R i s e
Pe
r u B
as
i n
Ch
i le
Ba s
i n
S o u t h e a s tP a c i f i c
B a s i n
M o r n i n g t o n( H u m b o l d t )
P l a i n
R o g g e v e e n B a s i n
Y a g h a nB a s i n
A r g e n t i n e R i s e
1922
1960
2001
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90°100°
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M8.8 Maule, Chile, Earthquake of 27 February 2010
0 200 400100Kilometers
La Plata
Arequipa La Paz Goiania
CampoGrande
Asuncion Curitiba
PortoAlegre
Cordoba
RosarioSantiago
Montevideo
BuenosAires
CochabambaSanta Cruzde LaSierra
OruroTacnaSucre
PotosiIquique
Tarija Pedro JuanCaballero
Antofagasta San SalvadorDe JujuySalta
PuertoPresidenteStroessner
FormosaSan MiguelDe Tucuman
Copiapo EncarnacionPosadas
ResistenciaCorrientes FlorianopolisSantiago
Del EsteroCatamarcaLa Rioja
La SerenaRivera
SaltoSan Juan Santa FeParana Paysandu
MendozaValparaiso San Luis
Talca
ConcepcionBahiaBlancaTemuco Neuquen
PuertoMontt
ComodoroRivadavia
PuntaArenas
Coquimbo
50°
50°
60°
60°
70°
70°
80°
80°
90°
20°
20°
30°
30°
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50°
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DATA SOURCESEARTHQUAKES AND SEISMIC HAZARD USGS, National Earthquake Information Center NOAA, National Geophysical Data Center IASPEI, Centennial Catalog (1900 - 1999) and extensions (Engdahl and Villaseñor, 2002) HDF (unpublished earthquake catalog) (Engdahl, 2003) Global Seismic Hazard Assessment ProgramPLATE TECTONICS AND FAULT MODEL PB2002 (Bird, 2003)BASE MAP NIMA and ESRI, Digital Chart of the World USGS, EROS Data Center NOAA GEBCO and GLOBE Elevation Models
0 200 400 600Km
Scale
Prepared in cooperation
with the Global Seismographic
Network
Tectonic Setting
Seismic Hazard
Epicentral Region
This earthquake occurred at the boundary between theNazca and South American tectonic plates. The twoplates are converging at a rate of 80 mm per year. Theearthquake occurred as thrust-faulting on the interfacebetween the two plates, with the Nazca plate movingdown and landward below the South American plate.Coastal Chile has a history of very large earthquakes.Since 1973, there have been 13 events of magnitude 7.0or greater. The February 27 shock originated about 230km north of the source region of the magnitude 9.5earthquake of May, 1960 – the largest instrumentallyrecorded earthquake in the world. This magnitude 9.5earthquake killed 1655 people in southern Chile andunleashed a tsunami that crossed the Pacific, killing 61people in Hawaii, Japan, and the Philippines.
Approximately 870 km to the north of the February 27earthquake is the source region of the magnitude 8.5earthquake of November, 1922. This great quakesignificantly impacted central Chile, killing severalhundred people and causing severe property damage.The 1922 quake generated a 9-meter local tsunami thatinundated the Chile coast near the town of Coquimbo;the tsunami also crossed the Pacific, washing awayboats in Hilo harbor, Hawaii. The magnitude 8.8earthquake of February 27, 2010 ruptured the portion ofthe South American subduction zone separating thesetwo massive historical earthquakes.A large vigorous aftershock sequence can be expectedfrom this earthquake.
EXPLANATIONGreat Rupture
YearArea
Mag ≥ 7.00 - 69 km70 - 299300 - 600
Plate BoundariesSubductionTransformDivergentOthersActive Volcanoes
RELATIVE PLATE MOTIONSIn the region of this earthquake,earthquakes define the boundarybetween the South American andNazca Plates, which are convergingat about 80 mm/yr. 0 500 1,000
KmScale
REFERENCESBird, P., 2003, An updated digital model of plate boundaries: Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., v. 4, no. 3, pp. 1027- 80.Engdahl, E.R. and Villaseñor, A., 2002, Global Seismicity: 1900 - 1999, chap. 41 of Lee, W.H.K., and others,eds., International Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part A: New York, N.Y., Elsevier Academeic Press, 932 p.Engdahl, E.R., Van der Hilst, R.D., and Buland, R.P., 1998, Global teleseismic earthquake relocation with improved trav- el times and procedures for depth determination: Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., v. 88, p. 722-743.
1:4,000,000Scale
Significant Earthquakes Mag >= 7.5
Year Mon Day Time Lat Long Dep Mag1906 08 17 0040 -33.000 -72.000 0 8.21914 01 30 0336 -35.000 -73.000 0 7.51928 12 01 0406 -35.086 -71.683 35 7.71939 01 25 0332 -36.200 -72.200 0 7.71943 04 06 1607 -30.750 -72.000 0 8.21953 05 06 1716 -37.254 -72.920 68.4 7.51960 05 21 1002 -37.872 -73.243 35 8.21960 05 22 1856 -38.147 -72.984 35 7.91960 05 22 1911 -38.235 -73.047 35 9.51962 02 14 0636 -38.091 -73.050 32.9 7.51971 07 09 0303 -32.558 -71.085 59 7.81975 05 10 1427 -38.215 -72.999 28 7.71977 11 23 0926 -31.083 -67.778 18.3 7.51985 03 03 2247 -33.132 -71.708 40 8.0
EPICENTRAL REGION
1:20,000,000
1:20,000,000
EPICENTRALREGION
Depth ProfileA A'
Depth
(km)
Distance (km)
Note on earthquakes: From 1900 - 1963, earthquakesshown are from Centennial Catalog, magnitudesgreater than 5.5. From 1964 - 2002, earthquakes arefrom HDF catalog, magnitudes greater than 4.5.From 2003 to present, earthquakes are from NEIC,magnitudes greater than 4.5.
A'
Offshore Maule, Chile 27 February 2010 6:34:14 UTC 35.846° S., 72.719° W.Depth 35 kmMw = 8.8 (USGS)200 miles southwest of Santiago, Chile, Intensity VIII-IX felt throughout the region. Tsunami with wave height up to 2.5 mobserved at Valpairaiso. Over 1000 people killed.
EXPLANATIONMain Shock
Aftershocks (42 hours)Earthquakes 1900 - 2009
M 4.00 - 5.99M 6.00 - 6.99M 7.00 - 7.99M >= 8.00
Earthquake Depth0 - 6970 - 299300 - 700
Great RuptureYearArea
Active Volcanoes
DISCLAIMERBase map data, such as place names and politicalboundaries, are the best available but may not becurrent or may contain inaccuracies and thereforeshould not be regarded as having official significance.Map prepared by U.S. Geological SurveyNational Earthquake Information Center1 March 2010Map not approved for release by Director USGS
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TECTONIC SUMMARY
Peak GroundAcceleration m/sec**2
.2
.4
.81.62.43.24.04.89.8
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0 0