A Presentation on Indonesia

7/29/2019 A Presentation on Indonesia

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A Presentation on

“Culture and Education System of Indonesia”

Prepared By :-

Bhavneshsingh Bhadauriya En. No. – 117460592022

Jayesh Dabhi En. No. – 117460592086

Lila Nitin En. No. – 117460592025

Dharmendra Triphathi En. No. – 117460592048Akabarali Kadiwala En. No. – 117460592040

Kinchit Rai En. No. – 117460592019

Guided By :-

Rubabfatema Saiyed (Asst. Prof.)Submitted To :-

R. B. Institute of Management Studies



Indonesia The name Indonesia was derived from Latin Indus, meaning "India",

and Greek nesos, meaning "island“

Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago consisting of over thirteen

thousand islands. Around six thousand of the islands are populated.

Present population of Indonesia is 237,641,326 as on May 1, 2010.

The economy is largely based on agriculture, manufacturing and

mining, although growth in these sectors is slowing down.

Other sectors, such as electricity, gas and drinking water, construction,

trade, hotel and restaurant and transport are expected to post an

increasing contribution. Indonesian territory has up to the 12 sea mile limit is estimated at 5.0

million sq km, of which 2.7 million sq km are enclosed marine water

and 0.4 million sq km are open ocean water. The continental cover

water are estimated at 1.5 million sq km and the seashore at 80,791 km.



Indonesia Capital City Jakarta (+7 GMT)

Chief of State President Susilo Bambang YUDHOYONO.

Currency Indonesian Rupiah

Major Languages Bahasa Indonesia, English, Dutch, Javanese,

and other local dialects.

Primary Religions Muslim, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Hindu,

Buddhist.

Main Airports Bali, Denpasar (DPS) (Ngurah Rai), Java,

Jakarta (CGK) (Soekarno-Hatta)

Indonesia Coastline 54,720 km

Population The population of Indonesia was estimatedat 237,641,326 as on May 1, 2010

Famous Tourist Attractions Bali, Ubud, Jakarta, North Sulawesi and

Kalimantan.

Best Time to Visit Between May to September.



Islands in Indonesia

Kalimantan (539,450 sq.km)Sumatra (473,606 sq.km)Papua (421,952 sq.km)Sulawesi (189,035 sq.km)Java including Madura (132,035 sq.km)

Forest in Indonesia

The forest shade reaches heights of 40 to 50 meters, with some treesup to 60 or 70 meters high.

There are more than 1,500 varieties of birds, 500 mammals, 3,000fishes, 10,000 trees in Indonesia.

Wildlife variety such as the Tiger, Tapir, Asian Elephant, Asian Two-horned Rhinoceros, Lesser One-horned Rhinoceros, Otter-Civet andFalse Gharial (Panthera tigris, Tapirus indicus, Elephas maximus,Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, Rhinoceros sondaicus, Cynogale bennettiiand Tomistoma



CULTURE SYSTEM OF INDONESIA

Symbolism

The national motto, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, is an old Javanese

expression usually translated as "unity in diversity" first formulated by

President Sukarno in 1945.

Base on Five Principles:

Belief in one supreme God;

Just and civilized humanitarianism;

Indonesian unity;

Popular independence governed by wise policies arrived at through

consideration and representation; and

Social justice for all Indonesian people. Indonesia was clear from the

beginning as the successor of the Netherlands East Indies. sion usually

translated as "unity in diversity."



National Identity

Ethnic groups

Religion

Group %

Javanese 40.6%,

Sundanese 15%

Madurese 3.3%,Minangkabau 2.7%,

Betawi 2.4%,

Bugis 2.4%,

Banten 2%

Banjar 1.7%

other or unspecified 29.9%

Religion %

Muslim 86.1%,

Protestant 5.7%,

Roman Catholic 3%,

Hindu 1.8%,

Other or unspecified 3.4%



Indonesian Unit

In Indonesia nuclear family of husband, wife, and

children is the most extensive domestic unit.

An omission is the traditional, pastoral matrilineal

Minangkabau, for whom the domestic unit still

comprises co resident females around a grandmother

with married and unmarried daughters and sons in a

large long-established house.

Husband come only as visitors to their wife's hearth

in the house.

Some societies, such as the Karo of Sumatra, exist inbig houses with multiple hearths and bedchambers

that belong to connected or even distinct nuclear

family units.



• Inheritance Muslim inheritance favors males over females as do the background

of many traditional societies.

Inheritance disputes, related to divorces, might be handled in Muslimbench, civil bench, or customary village ways.

Tradition generally favors males, but actual practice frequently give

females inheritance.

Indonesia is many areas soil is communal assets of a relatives or

local group, while household goods, personal items, or familiar productive tools or individual inheritable assets. Indonesia some

places economic trees, such as rubber, may be myself owned, while

rice soil is communally held.

• Relative Groups

• Indonesia ethnic groups have strong relationship grouping based

upon Patrilineal, matrilineal, or bilateral descent. Such peoples are

primarily in Sumatra, Maluku, Sulawesi, and the Eastern Lesser

Sundas.

• Indonesia is a primal loyalty is relationship.

• Government does not provide social security, joblessness insurance,



Socialization

Guests are served with a slight bow, and elders are passed by juniors with a bow.

Handshakes are suitable between men, but a soft feel.

Confrontation should be met with smiles and quiet manner, and direct eye

contact should be avoided, especially with social superiors.

Indonesians speak of rubber time and can be careful impolite.

In public, opposite genderal characteristics are rarely seen holding hands, while

male or female friends of the same gender do hold hands.

Social servants wear neat uniforms to work, as do schoolchildren and teachers.

Bugis do not admiration persons who smile and remove in the face of challenges,

as the Javanese tend to do; they admiration those who protect their credit even

violently, particularly the honor of their women.

Consequently difference between the Javanese and others over issues of etiquette

and actions is probable. A Javanese wife of a Batak man may not respond gently

to his visiting brother expecting to be served and to have his laundry done

without thanks; a youthful Javanese may smile and greet graciously a young

Bugis young woman, which can draw the ire of her brother or cousin; a Batak

civil servant may clothing down his Javanese subordinate openly.



Religious Beliefs

Spiritual cults are well recognized among the Javanese leaders and middle class,

and members of many ethnic groups still follow traditional belief systems.

In the Indonesia the Javanese are predominantly Muslim, although many areCatholic or Protestant, and many Chinese in Java and somewhere else are

Christian, mainly Protestant.

Islam in Indonesia is of the Sunni variety, with small hierarchical direction. Two

most important Muslim organizations, (1)Nahdatul Ulama (NU) and

(2)Muhammadiyah, equally found in Java, have play an important responsibility

in learning, the follower of freedom effort, and policy after freedom.

Christians have held important civil, military, thinker, and business

positions; Christian minor schools and universities are famous and

have skilled children of the leaders.

In places such as center Kalimantan and Sulawesi, a number of people and group renewed to single of the world religions, but others

required administration thanks for a resourceful fixed religious

conviction during together local and state politicking.

Christians and Muslims follow the chief holidays of their faiths, and in

Makassar; for pattern, the same decorative illumination is left up for celebrating both Idu-l-Fitra and Christmas. Public calendars list



In many spaces, citizens of single religious conviction may recognize the

holidays of a different religion with visits or donations. Churches and

Mosques have the alike facial appearance found in a dissimilar place in

the earth, other than the temples of Bali are extremely unique.

Major Muslim annually ritual are Ramazan (fasting month), Idu-l-Fitra(the end of fasting), and the hajj. Indonesia yearly provides the

maximum amount of pilgrims to Mecca.

Rituals of usual belief system score life cycle dealings or occupy

propitiation for exacting occasions and are lead by shamans, strength

mediums, or appeal masters (male or female).

Death and the spirit world

It is widely made-up that the quiet may power the existing in a variety

of conduct, and funerals provide to ensure the good channel of the

strength to the afterworld, although cemetery are still considered

potentially risky dwellings for ghosts.

Funerals, similar to marriages, call for a rallying of people, neighbors,

and associates, and surrounded by many ethnic groups social status

may be expressed through the wealth or simplicity of funerals. In

clan-based societies, funerals are occasions for the exchange of gifts

between wife-giving and wife-taking groups.



Secular Celebrations

The most important national festival is Independence Day 17 August,

which is obvious by parades and displays in Jakarta and regional and

district capitals.

Youth are often well-known. Kartini Day, 21 April, honors Indonesia's

first female emancipationist; schools and women's organizations grasp

activities that day.

New Year's is famous 1 January when businesses close and local fairs

with firework are held in some places.

Western-style dances are held in hotels in cities.

Previously it was celebrated only in homes, though businesses did

close and for two days the activity of Jakarta traffic was stilled.

Local celebrations recognize beginning of cities, historical events and

personages, or heroes , while others mark special events, such as bullracing on Madura and palace processions in Yogyakarta or Surakarta.

On Bali a lunar calendar New Year's Day is celebrated with fasting,

prayer, quiet, and inactivity.

All people must remain indoors and without lights on so that

hazardous spirits will think Bali is empty and will leave.



The Arts and Humanities

Preservation of art and craft people and objects, such as house structural design,

batik and tie-dye weaving, wood carving, silver and gold working, statuary, puppets,

and basketry, are under threat from the global arts and crafts market, local demands

for cash, and altering resident values.

Indonesia's literary inheritance includes centuries-old palm, bamboo, and other fiber

manuscripts from numerous literate peoples, such as the Malay, Javanese, Balinese,

Buginese, Rejang, and Batak.

The 14th century Nagarakrtagama is a long poem approving King Hayam Wuruk and

describing the life and social constitution of his kingdom, Majapahit

The most well-known is Pramoedya Ananta Toer, a supporter of independence

who had also been locked up by the Dutch from 1947 to 1949.He collected

books as stories told to fellow prisoners in separate on the island of Buru from

1965 to 1979.

Four of his novels, the Buru Quartet, published between 1980 and 1988 in

Indonesian, are rich documentaries of life in turn-of-the-century colonial Java.

They were disqualified in Indonesia during the New Order. Pram received a

PEN Freedom-to-Write Award in 1988 and a Magsaysay Award in 1995.



Graphic Arts

Wood carving is more general. May be the most common carving is in the urban

furniture.

statues of people, deities, and animals, many of which are daintily creative, sometired.

Traditional hand-puppet or animal carvings of the mountain Batak of Sumatra or

the upriver Dayak of Kalimantan are now mostly for tourists, though they once

showed rich creativity.

Among present-day urban artists, painting on canvas or making batik is muchmore common than making figure.

Indonesian textiles are becoming more widely known overseas. Batik is the

Javanese word for "dot" or "stipple"; ikat, a Malay-Indonesian word for "to tie," is

a kind of cloth that is tie-dyed before weaving.

Batik cloth varies very much in creativity, clarification, excellence, and cost.Formal occasions need that Javanese, Sundanese and Balinese women wear

whole cloths wrapped richly to form a go round.

Men at the present time do so only at their marriage. Long-sleeved batik shirts

are now established official social wear for men of all ethnic backgrounds,

though official wear for men also includes civil service uniforms, shirts andties, or Western suits.



Performance Arts

Performance arts are different and consist of: Javanese and Balinese gong-chime

orchestras and shadow plays, Sundanese bamboo orchestras , Muslim orchestral

music at family proceedings or Muslim holiday happiness, trance dances fromeast Java, the spectacular barong dance or the chimpanzee dances for tourists on

Bali, Batak puppet dances, horse puppet dances of south Sumatra, Rotinese

singers with lontar leaf mandolins, and the dances for formal procedure and life-

cycle proceedings performed by Indonesia's many outer island ethnic groups.

Modern theater, dance, and music are most active in Jakarta and Yogyakarta, but

less normal elsewhere. Jakarta's Taman Ismail Marzuki, a national center for the

arts, has four theaters, a dance studio, an exhibition hall, small studios, and

residences for administrators.

Indonesia is the Javanese and Balinese shadow Puppet Theater based on the

Ramayana epic, with its shining puppeteers who may manipulate over a hundred

puppets in throughout the night oral performances accompanied by a gamelangroup.



EDUCATION SYSTEM OF INDONESIA

Education in Indonesia is under the duty of the Ministry of Education and

Culture and the Ministry of Religious Affairs.

In that there is 90.4% literacy level in Indonesia, in that male education

literacy level 94% and female literacy level 86.8% of total population as per

2010 census.

In Indonesia age 15 and over can read and write so it increases literacy level

of Indonesia.

Literacy

Definition : Age 15 and over can read and write

Total population : 90.4%

Male : 94%

Female : 86.8% Education expenditures : 2.8% of GDP



Top University in Indonesia

Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB)

University of Indonesia (UI)

Gadjah Mada University (UGM)

Gunadarma University (UG)

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI)

Diponegoro University (Undip)

Universitas Sebelas Maret (UNS)

Institute of Technology Sepuluh Nopember (ITS)

Universitas Airlangga (Unair) Bogor Agricultural University (IPB)



School grades

Level/Grade Typical age

Preschool

Pre-school playgroup 3-4

Kindergarten 4-6

Primary School

1st Grade 6 – 7

2nd Grade 7 – 8

3rd Grade 8 – 9

4th Grade 9 – 10

5th Grade 10 – 11

6th Grade 11 – 12



Middle School 7th grade 12-13 8th Grade 13-14 9th Grade 14-15

High School 10th Grade 15 –16 11th Grade

16

–

17

12th Grade 17 –18 Post-secondary education

Tertiary education (College or

University)

Ages vary (usually four years,

referred to as Freshman,

Sophomore, Junior and

Senior years) Graduate education

Adult education



School hours

Schools are also open six days a week in Indonesia from Monday to Saturday.

As well as their usual study, children can choose to join extra activities after

school hours. Children can learn traditional dances, join gamelan orchestras or spend time

playing their favorite sports.

Subjects

All students learn Bahasa Indonesia which is the official language of Indonesia.

In regional areas, students may also study the local language and in high school

students learn English, which is the official foreign language.

As well as languages, most students study maths, science,

geography, history, arts and crafts. Some schools offer sports like

soccer and volleyball but these tend to be larger private schools that

can afford playing fields.

All children in Indonesia are also required to study Pancasila, the five

guiding principles of the Indonesian government.



Types of Education

The system consists of seven types of education, they are:

(1) General education prioritizes expansion of general knowledge and

improvement of skills for the student. Specialization is also needed in the lastgrade;

(2) occupational/technical education prepares students in mastering a number

of definite occupational/technical skills needed for employment;

(3) Special education provides important skills and abilities for students with

substantial and/or mental disabilities;

(4) Service-related education aims at increasing abilities required for a

government official or a candidate to apply a certain task;

(5) Religious education prepares students to play a role which demand the

mastery of specific information about religion and related subject;

(6) Academic-oriented education focuses primarily on improving the mastery

of science; and

(7) Professional education prepares students primarily on mastering

specialized or job-related knowledge and skills.



Comparison between India and Indonesia

Comparison on the basis of culture system of India and Indonesia

Indian national motto is “Vasudev Kutumbakam” it means “all world is

one family” but in Indonesia national motto, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, is an

old Javanese expression usually translated as "unity in diversity.“

Indian peoples believe in Dharma, Customs, Beliefs, traditions,

languages, arts, values,. While in Indonesian people follow manycultural practices and being influenced by Hinduism Buddhism,

Confucianism, and Christianity.

Music is a integral part of india’s culture, Natyasastra, In samved

different type of music mention, while as in Indonesia it is a home of

music, the traditional music of central and east Java and Bali is thegamelan.

There are different dance pattern in india as per different religions and

areas, and same in Indonesia their dance pattern change as per religions

and areas.



. India and Indonesia both nation’s have culture nuclear family of husband, wife,

and children is the most extensive domestic unit. Inadia and Indonesia domestic

unit has as common among remote peoples as among urbanites, and is also

different to the attendance or nonexistence of clan in a society. In Indonesia whether serving tea to guests, while india is concern with tea or

coffee and sweet water or cold drink to the guests, only the right hand is used to

give or receive, following people. In Indonesia Guests are served with a slight

bow, and elders are passed by juniors with a bow while in India same system

followed by people but the most work done by the women of house.

In Indonesia handshakes are suitable between men, but a soft feel, in India is

touch the foot of elders and say “Namastey” and handshakes with same age

people and meet with soft feel.

In Indian people is wearing clothes as per there beliefs and there cultural manner

people are more focuses on there religion beliefs lik people of shikh religion

wear Punjabi suit, Hindu wear there beliefs and Muslims are wear pathani suits.

While in Indonesia Batik cloth varies very much in creativity, clarification,

excellence, and cost. Formal occasions need that Javanese, Sundanese and

Balinese women wear whole cloths wrapped richly to form a go round. Men at

the present time do so only at their marriage

ompar son uca on sys em o



ompar son uca on sys em oIndia and Indonesia

Average years of schooling of adults in Indonesia is 5 and india is 5.1 is the years of

formal schooling received.

Duration of compulsory education is the number of years that child must legally be

enrolled in school in India is 8 years and Indonesia is 9 years.

Duration of Primary Education is the 6 years in India and 6 years in Indonesia in

primary education.

Duration of Secondary Education is the 5 years in India and 6 Years in Indonesia in

general secondary education.

Government Education Expenditure (% of GDP, 2000-2002) in India is 4.1% and

Indonesia is 1.2%.

Public Education Expenditure as a 12.7% in India and 9% in Indonesia of overall

government expenditure.

Girls enrolment share, primary level is the number of girls enrolled in primaryschool, expressed as a 43.6% in India and 48.6% in Indonesia of the total number of

pupils in primary school.

Girls enrolment share, secondary level is the number of girls enrolled in primary

school, expressed as a

39.6% in India and 48.8% in Indonesia of the total number of pupils in secondaryschool.



1051 hours in India and 1064 hours in Indonesia of instruction per year for 9 year for 9 year

old in public educational institutions. Data 2000.

77.883% of India and 76.916% of Indonesia score based upon test results of the Geography

challenge, an online geography quize game.

1176 Hours in India and 1323 hours in Indonesia of instruction per year for 14 year olds inpublic educational institutions. Data for 2000.

40.5% in India and 11.6% in Indonesia literacy rates by Sex, Aged 15+

39% of girls in India and 8% of girls in Indonesia is out of school from primary school.

Public expenditure per student, primary level is the total reported current spending by the

government on primary education, divided by the total number of pupils in primaryeducation, expressed as a 7.2% of per capita GDP in India and 3.2% of per capita GDP in

Indonesia.

40.2% in India and 20.13% in Indonesia to Primary school pupil-teacher ratio is the number

of pupils enrolled in primary school divided by the number of primary school teachers

(regardless of their teaching assignment).

Average 42 Weeks in India and 44 weeks in Indonesia per year by teaching primary level

teachers. Data for 2000.

Gross enrolment ratio, tertiary level is the sum of all tertiary level students enrolled at the

start of the school year, expressed as a 10.5% in India and 14.6% in Indonesia of the mid-

year population in the 5 year age group after the official secondary school leaving age.

Women to men parity index, as 68% of literacy rates in India and 94% of literacy rates in-



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