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A PV, Diesel, ESS hybrid Case Study: The DeGrussa Solar Project B. Kiremire Pr.Eng, Msc.Eng, MBA
A PV, Diesel, ESS hybrid Case Study: The DeGrussa Solar Project
B. Kiremire Pr.Eng, Msc.Eng, MBA
juwi Case Study: DeGrussa Solar Project
Agenda
1. juwi Background
2. Project Background
3. Project Benefits
4. Project Operation
5. What Next?
3
juwi Background
4,300 MW of installed capacity globally
$10 billion investment volume
Wind Energy
2,000 MW
100 wind parks (900 turbines)
Solar Energy
2,300 MWp
~1,500 PV Installations
Company
>20 years experience in renewables
1,000 employees worldwide
juwi Locations
Project Development and Offices Worldwide
Mike Martin
Regional Director
AMERICAS
Americas: USA
APAC:Australia, India,
Japan, Malaysia,
Singapore, Philippines,
Thailand, Indonesia,
Vietnam
EMEA: Greece, Italy, South Africa, Spain,
Turkey, United Arab Emirates
Waldpolenz in Germany (53 MW)
Rajasthan, India (51 MW)
Pavant in USA (150 MW)
Solar Energy – Selected References
OUR PASSION
Prieska in South Africa (86 MW)
Flatwater in Nebraska, USA / 60 MW (40 turbines)
Guanacaste in Costa Rica / 49.5 MW (55 turbines)
Kirchberg in Germany / 52.9 MW (23 turbines)
Wind Energy – Selected References
OUR PASSION
Oberkochen in Germany / 9.6 MW (4 turbines)
Agenda
1. juwi Background
2. Project Background
3. Project Benefits
4. Project Operation
5. What Next?
8
DeGrussa Solar Project
Project Background
The DeGrussa mine
Propelled Sandfire from a junior exploration company to a mid-tier mining company in 3 years
2009 discovery of potential
2012 completion of construction and commissioning
Potential:
478,000 tonnes of contained copper
625,000 ounces of contained gold
Expected mine life up to 2021
Revenues in excess of AU$ 2 billion since commencement of operations in 2012
Project Background
Stakeholders
Offtaker – The Sandfire DeGrussa Copper mine
Project Developer: juwi
Project EPC, O&M: juwi
IPP PV & Storage: NEOEN
Civil & Electrical Contractor: OTOC
IPP Diesel Plant: KPS
Funding:
ARENA
CEFC
NEOEN
Project Background
Diesel
Gensets: 5x 1MW + 7x 2MW
Solar PV
Panels: 34,080x 310W
Inverters: 10 x 1MW
Area: 20 hectares
Battery
Inverters: 2x 2MW (3MW peak)
Battery: 2 x 0.9MWh (1.8MW / 3.6MW Peak)
Type: Lithium Ion
Project Operation
Monitoring and Control
Distributed controllers @ Inverters and KPS Power Station
Functionalities include spinning reserve control, solar smoothing (ramp rate control), frequency control, reactive power control and priority dispatch of solar PV energy
Remote monitoring and control
SCADA system developed by juwi
Diesel power station provides dynamic spinning to cover solar PV output
Agenda
1. juwi Background
2. Project Background
3. Project Benefits
4. Project Operation
5. What Next?
14
Project Benefits
Benefits:
Diesel savings: 5mil liters p.a.
Cost savings:
Hedge against volatility:
− Diesel price
− Transport
− Exchange rate
− Current & future CO2 costs
Project Benefits
Benefits:
Diesel savings: 5mil liters p.a.
Cost savings:
Hedge against volatility:
− Diesel price
− Transport
− Exchange rate
− Current & future CO2 costs
Project Benefits
Benefits:
Diesel savings: 5mil liters p.a.
Cost savings:
Hedge against volatility:
− Diesel price
− Transport
− Exchange rate
− Current & future CO2 costs
Project Benefits
Benefits:
Diesel savings: 5mil liters p.a.
Cost savings:
Hedge against volatility:
− Diesel price
− Transport
− Exchange rate
− Current & future CO2 costs
Agenda
1. juwi Background
2. Project Background
3. Project Benefits
4. Project Operation
5. What Next?
19
Project Operation
High irradiance day
Project Operation
Step load
Project Operation
Low irradiance day
Why Hybrid Energy
Renewable energy is cost competitive
LCOE < USD 0.06
Tariffs 51% of the countries in SSA have tariffs > USD 0.19
Renewable energy is non-dispatchable
Hybrid energy
Is dispatchable
Hybrid energy allows the cost reduction and sustainability of renewable energy, with the stability, reliability and availability of conventional generation
As the cost of energy storage declines, the options, and potential gains increase
Why Hybrid Energy
Key benefits
Energy savings
Provides a hedge against exchange rate and diesel price volatility
Increases the ability to forecast energy costs
They allow for differed investment in transmission and distribution
Challenges
The bankability of the PPA
Life of mine and the possibility of having a stranded asset
How Hybrid Energy
Low penetration systems
Instantaneous Power ≤ 15 %
Energy savings ≤ 5%
Simple to integrate
No hybrid controller required
Low fuel / cost savings
High LCOE heavily weighted towards diesel
Gensets / grid is the main source of energy
How Hybrid Energy
Medium penetration systems
Instantaneous Power ≤ 60 %
Energy savings ≤ 20%
Advanced integration required
Hybrid controller required
Systems are possible with or without storage
Medium fuel / energy savings
Lower LCOE less weighted towards diesel
Gensets / grid remain the dominant energy source
How Hybrid Energy
High penetration systems
Instantaneous Power ≥ 60 %
Energy savings ≥ 20% to 100%
Very advanced integration
High-end hybrid controller
Energy storage required
Maximum fuel savings
Diesel genset off-mode operation possible
Gensets / grid required as a secondary source of energy
How Hybrid Energy:
Energy Storage Trends (IRENA cost development of different technologies:
How Hybrid Energy:
Energy Storage Trends (IRENA Technology improvements and cost reductions ):
Lithium-Ion batteries (NMC/LMO)
How Hybrid Energy:
Energy Storage Trends (IRENA Technology improvements and cost reductions ):
Lithium-Ion batteries (LFP)
How Hybrid Energy:
Energy Storage Trends (IRENA Technology improvements and cost reductions ):
Redox-Flow batteries (Vanadium)
How Hybrid Energy:
Energy Storage Trends (IRENA Technology improvements and cost reductions ):
Redox-Flow batteries (ZnBr)
How Hybrid Energy:
Scenarios: High penetration systems
Scenario 1:
Gen: 7 x 2,250 (15.75MW)
Solar PV – 15MW
Storage: 11 MW; 89MWh
RE fraction: 45.8%
COE: USD 0.22
Load Requirements:
Average kWh/d: 181,000
Average kW: 7,541
Peak kW: 14,100
Load Factor: 0.53
Day-to-day variability: 5%
Time step variability: 10%
Scenario 2:
Gen: 7 x 2,250 (15.75MW)
Solar PV – 40MW
Storage: 8 MW; 64MWh
RE fraction: 64.3%
COE: USD 0.21
Scenario 3:
Gen: 7 x 2,250 (15.75MW)
Solar PV – 40MW
Storage: 17 MW; 138MWh
RE fraction: 82.9%
COE: USD 0.19
How Hybrid Energy:
Scenario 1:
How Hybrid Energy:
Scenario 2:
How Hybrid Energy:
Scenario 3:
How Hybrid Energy:
Scenario 3 – Poor irradiation days:
Sandfire Testimonial
Thank You.
Bunty Kiremire Pr.Eng
juwi Renewable Energies
24th Floor Metropolitan Centre
7 Walter Sisulu Avenue
Cape Town
South Africa
Tel. +27 21 831 6142
Fax. +27 21 831 6199
www.juwi.co.za
