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ARS
A REPORT ON
ACTION RESEARCH SEGMENT2015-2016
Study Conducted By Action Aid
SUBMITTED BY- PANCHALI (15201014)
SHEKHAR(15201023)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to the Secretary of Bithari Disha and GBS ,both the NGO's of two different district, Bithari Disha of North24 Pragnas and GBS of Coachbehar.
We are deeply appreciated for the numerous guidance made by the secretary for helping us to complete this project work.
We wise to express our sincere gratitude and thanks to Mr Dilip Pal and MR Attur Saleem for providing us homely atmosphere and encouragement in completing this project .
We are also grateful for the kind co-operation provided to us by the faculties.
Last but not the least we express our thanks to all of the villagers for co-operating in completion of our project.
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ORGANISATION WORK
BITHARI DISHA (SWARUPNAGAR)
Works for the Water and sanitation problems of the village.
Works for Arsenic free village.
GITALDAHA BIKASH SAMITY (COACHBEHAR)
We are thinking of such a society where there will be law, peace, love, respect and gratitude.
There shall be no racial discrimination, religious differences, Rights Violation , Gender wise Discrimination.
People shall be Food security, proper livelihood option, work employment for everyone and their knowledge shall be the power of the society .
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY refers to the process used to collect information and data for the purpose of making
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decisions .The methodology includes interviews, surveys, research techniques.
The process we used to collect data to study the livelihood of the people in the village was Quantitative and Qualitative Methodology and PRA tools.
The methodology includes Group discussions, Interviews, Household surveys
Quantitative study helps us to collect data on the basis of surveys, interviews .
Quantitative study help us to know about the source of income, expenditure, health, sanitation, and education of the villagers.
The qualitative study also helps us to know about how much people are dependent on resources.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
The sampling technique we used was purposive sampling because we have collected data on the basis of our target group was SC and different
kinds of activities which SC are involved in.Various activities in which SC are involved in for income are - cultivation, agrilabour , non- agri labour, petty business, milk production, livestock rearing.
SAMPLE SIZE
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We surveyed 60 Household in which 58 family were SC, 1 General family, 1 OBC family
SC HH OBC HH GEN HH58 1 1
Participatory Planning
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Participatory Planning is a part of social learning process that can enhance the prospects for successful implementation provide opportunity for reflection and create a mutuality of respect between different stakeholders in planning area.
Main Tools Used In PRA
Social Mapping Resource Mapping Activity Clock Vulnerability Analysis Transcend Walk
Relevance of PRA in planning Responding to the needs of communities and target group More emphasis on flexibility to adapt to time frame of community End product mainly used by community
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FINDINGS
POPULATION FINDINGS
MALE FEMALE TOTAL534 433 976
SURVEY FINDINGS
SC OBC GEN TOTAL58 01 01 60
INCOME FINDINGS
CULTIVATION AGRI LABOUR
NON AGRI LABOUR
PETTY BUSINESS
LIVESTOCK REARING
16 7 24 2 1Caste does not play any role in occupation as the village is SC dominated.
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RELATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT CASTES IN SOCIO ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES
SC AGRI LABOUR
SC NON AGRI LABOUR
GEN AGRI LABOUR
OBC AGRI LABOUR
34 24 1 1
12. SANITATION FINDINGS
SC OPEN DEFICATION
SC COMMUNITY LATRINE
SC INDEPENDENT LATRINE
GEN INDEPENDENT LATRINE
OBC INDEPENDENT LATRINE
20 36 2 1 1
WATER SOURCE FINDINGS
SOURCE NUMBERSRIVER 1PONDS 12HANDPUMP 7
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GOVERNMENT SCHEME FINDINGS
In the village the 2 govt scheme is functional , NGNB(NIJO GRIHO NIJO BHUMI) in which 0.5 decimal of land for agriculture is provided to BPL families. MGNREGS(MAHATMA GANDHI NATIONAL RURAL EMPLOYEMENT GUARATEE ACT) provide 100 days jobs to BPL families but an average of 14 days work is being provided to the BPL families in this village.SPENDING PATTERN
Natural Resources Findings
RIVERS PONDS UNUSED PONDS
01 12 03
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Only 31 HH use river water and rest of them use Pond and hand pump water . To use river they have to submit their I- Card as it lies on the border road due to which most of the people don't use it.Villagers don't use ponds for any income generating purpose.
CREDIT SOURCES
SHG BANK MONEY LENDER
RELATIVES
17 4 2 1
Physical InfrastructureTotal no of household in the village is 64 and we surveyed 60 HH in which there was 2 Primary school,1 High School,1 Temple.ELECTRICITYAll the surveyed HH have their own electricity access to their houseCommunity Centre- No community centre in the village.
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Roles Of Gram Sabha: Gram Sabha provides an opportunity for the
person registered as voters in the village to directly participate on decision making process.
participation of village education Committees , Mother Committees ,Water Users Associations and other Committees in Gram Sabha leads to integrated development of village.
Health Centre- The closest Health centre in the village
was in Basirhat which is 10 km away from the village but there was 3 private Pharmacy in the village market.
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VILLAGE STAY AND ITS CHALLENGES
STATE- WESTBENGAL
DISTRICT- NORTH24 PRAGNAS
BLOCK- KAIJURI
VILLAGE- GABADDA
LANDMARK- KALI MANDIR
We stayed in Gabarda village from 21st September- 14th October. There was various challenges faced by us in the village -
Language Problem Political issue - As in the village we were doing survey , the
representative of the local governing body has act as a barrier for us in the project.
Lack of infrastructure Most of the people are daily wage labours so they are
available only in the morning and evening which created barrier for us.
As people have a perception that we are govt officials so they don't disclose most of the problems as they think that if we disclose it then they won't get benefits provided by the govt schemes which was a big challenging task for us.
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We stayed in village Dhumerkheta (COACHBEHAR) from 5th November- 13th November. There were various challenges faced by us-
Lack of Transportation facilities which consumed more time in travelling to the village and lead to less work done on the project.
As we had an interaction mostly with Pramila Bahini leaders and mostly they were not available in the village as they usually goes for the various surveys and other official work in the BDO office which was little challenging task for us.
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NSS
OBJECTIVES OF NSS
To understand the community in which they work Understand themselves in relation to their community Identify the needs and problems of the community and
involve them in problem solving Develop among themselves a sense of social and civic
responsibility
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Utilise their knowledge in findings solutions to individual and community problems
Develop competence required for group living and sharing of responsibilities
Gains skill in mobilising community participationAcquire leadership qualities and democratic attitudesDevelop capacity to meet emergencies and natural disasters.Practice national integration and social harmony.
ACTIVITIESHAND WASH campaign in primary school.Awareness Programme about the Hand Wash in the
school.Making children aware about the importance of hand
wash to improve the living condition of the family.
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COMMUNITY MOBALIZATION
A community mobilization approach is valuable because it fulfils people's rights to participate and to determine their own future.
It enables groups to create local solutions to local problems. The local solutions will be more sustainable than external solutions that do not fit with the local situations, culture and practices.
When communities define the problem, set common goals and work together on their own programs, to achieve the
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goals , the communities change in the ways they last after the project ends.
Goals:
Increase community ,individual and group capacity to identify and satisfy needs
Increase community level decision making Increase community ownership of programsBring additional resource to the communityBuild on social networks to spread
support ,commitment and changes in social norms and behaviours.
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MICRO LEVEL PLANNINGAs we have visited Gabadda near Kaijuri, there were some issues or problems which draw our attention which the villagers face regularly day by day. With the help of people we graded problems according to their situations faced.
Sectors Situations problems Grades
Labour Skill Villagers having labour but number of skilled labours are less
Migration A
Health No health Centre in the village
Travel long distance
B
Agriculture Village mainly grow rice and mustard
Less Income C
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GRADING ACCORDING TO SOLUTION
Sectors Solutions Grades
Labour skill Educate the skilled labour so that they can generate income by making
awareness program for them and aware them about various schemes
A
Health Make health centre in the village so that the expenditure for them
decreases as it costs them higher
B
Agriculture Make Kitchen Garden so that they increase their income with the help
of NGO’s which will be cost productive.
C
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Women's Participation In Family Decision making-
There is no role of women in family decision making as all decision are taken up by Male members of the family. Village society is Male Dominating society.
VILLAGE ECONOMY
BAMBOO AGRICULTRAL WORK
9 60There are 09 HH which do only bamboo work and 60 HH do both bamboo work and agricultural work. The main economic activities performed in the village is agricultural work.
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VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS:LESS
VULNERABLEVULNERABLE MOST
VULNERABLEProductive land Small piece of land Landless
No loan Small amount of Loan
Trapped by Money lenders
More Assets Presence of Assets Absence of AssetsFree from Disease Less disease affected Disease Affected
More number of Accounts
Bank Accounts No Bank Account
Job Migrants Daily Wage Workers
Earning more than Rs 120000
Earnings Between Rs 60000-120000
Earning less than Rs 60000
More Educated Educated UneducatedNo of HH- 10 No of HH-16 No of HH-34
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Recomendations:
ACTIVITY CLOCK
MALE AND FEMALE DURING CULTIVATION PERIOD
MALE FEMALEWAKE UP-6 AM WAKE UP &
FRESH UP- 4AM-6 AM
FRESH UP &BF- 7AM- 9AM
HOUSEHOLD WORK- 6AM-12PM
FIELD WORK - FIELD WORK -KSRM
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9AM- 5PM 12PM-4PMLEISURE- 5PM - 8 PM
HOUSEHOLD WORK- 4PM-6PM
DINNER - 8PM- 9PM
LEISURE TIME-6PM-8PM
SLEEP- 9.30 PM DINNER -8PM-10PM
SLEEP-10.30 PMMALE AND FEMALE DURING CULTIVATION&
BAMBOO WORK
MALE FEMALEWAKEUP& FRESHUP
- 5 AM-6AMWAKE UP-5 AM
BREAK FAST-7AM HOUSEHOLD WORK-5AM-8AM
FIELD &BAMBOO WORK-7AM- 5 PM
WORKING HOUR 8AM-4PM
FREE TIME- 5PM-6PM HOUSEHOLD WORK-KSRM
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4PM-6PMWORKING HOUR-
6PM-8PMLEISURE- 6PM-8PM
DINNER-8PM-9PM DINNER-8PM-9PM
SLEEP-9.30PM SLEEP 9.30PM
SOACIAL MAPPING
Total number of house hold in the village are 164 Surveyed for 60 house holds.
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According to the survey SCs=58 General=1 OBC=1
RESOURCE MAP
Hand pump in the village used for drinking and cooking
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People in the village generally use cow dung cakes for cooking fuel.
Less area for cultivation because of the highly flood affected area.
According to our observation people having enough space in front of their house for kitchen garden but they don’t.
According to our survey people have the capacity to build toilets but they don’t
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