A seminar on Geostationary SatelliteA seminar on Geostationary Satellite

presented bypresented by Arani Ali KhanArani Ali Khan ECE:6ECE:6thth sem; Batch:X; sem; Batch:X; Roll:1018Roll:1018

WHAT IS GEOSTATIONARY WHAT IS GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE ?SATELLITE ?

Geostationary satellites are positioned at an exact height Geostationary satellites are positioned at an exact height above the earth (about 36000 Km). At this height they above the earth (about 36000 Km). At this height they rotate around the earth at the same speed as the earth rotate around the earth at the same speed as the earth rotates around its axis, so in effect remaining stationary rotates around its axis, so in effect remaining stationary above a point on the earth (normally directly overhead the above a point on the earth (normally directly overhead the equator). equator).

As they remain stationary they are ideal for use as As they remain stationary they are ideal for use as communications satellites and also for remote imaging as communications satellites and also for remote imaging as they can repeatedly scan the same points on the earth they can repeatedly scan the same points on the earth beneath them. beneath them.

Polar Orbiting satellites by comparison have a much lower Polar Orbiting satellites by comparison have a much lower orbit, moving around the earth fairly rapidly, and scanning orbit, moving around the earth fairly rapidly, and scanning different areas of the earth at relatively infrequent periodsdifferent areas of the earth at relatively infrequent periods

Motion of Geostationary Motion of Geostationary SatelliteSatellite around EARTH around EARTH

Focusing of a particular Focusing of a particular position on earthposition on earth

Derivation of radius of orbitDerivation of radius of orbit

Communication satellite in a Communication satellite in a stationary orbitstationary orbit

Receiver which point to a Receiver which point to a geostationary satellite geostationary satellite

A stationary satellite and A stationary satellite and orbitorbit

Position of receivers at Position of receivers at different location of earthdifferent location of earth

Problem of Geostationary Problem of Geostationary SatelliteSatellite

Sun outages affect a geostationary Sun outages affect a geostationary satellitesatellite

Geostationary satellites are fantastic Geostationary satellites are fantastic means of communication except for means of communication except for one little problem called SUN one little problem called SUN OUTAGES. These sun outages OUTAGES. These sun outages happen during March and September happen during March and September when the sun passes the equator. when the sun passes the equator.

How Sunoutages happen?How Sunoutages happen?

SUN OUTAGESUN OUTAGE During the spring and fall equinoxes, the During the spring and fall equinoxes, the

sun also passes close to this plane. As sun also passes close to this plane. As seen from the ground, the sun seems to seen from the ground, the sun seems to pass behind the satellites once per day. pass behind the satellites once per day. During the time when both the satellite During the time when both the satellite and the sun are in the ground station's and the sun are in the ground station's field of view, the RF noise energy from the field of view, the RF noise energy from the sun can overpower the signal from the sun can overpower the signal from the satellite. It is this loss or degradation of satellite. It is this loss or degradation of communications traffic from the satellite communications traffic from the satellite that is referred to as sun fade, sun transit that is referred to as sun fade, sun transit or sun outageor sun outage

Diagram of SUN OUTAGEDiagram of SUN OUTAGE

Some pictures of earth from Some pictures of earth from geostationary satellitegeostationary satellite