ASeminar presentation

On PAPER BATTERY

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CONTENT:

• Battery• Paper battery• Properties• Construction• Working• Advantage • Applications• Future scope

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BATTERY• Battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy

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PAPER BATTERY:

• A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper.

• Cellulose is a complex organic substance found in paper and pulp

.• A carbon nanotube is a tube shaped material, made of

carbon having a diameter measuring on the nanometer scale. These are stronger than steel and more conducting than the best semiconductors.

Paper battery = Paper (Cellulose) + Carbon Nanotubes

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PROPERTIES:

• Easily reusable and recyclable.• Very light and very flexible• Output Voltage: 1.5-2.5 V (For a postage stamp sized paper.• Thickness: typically about 0.5-0.7mm• Temperature operating range: -75°C to +150°C.• Very good electrical conductivity • Carbon nanotubes are better than Silicon.• Nominal capacity: 2.5 to 5 mAh/cm2• No over-heating in case of battery abuse or damage

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Construction:• paper batteries are integrated

into production and assembly processes of thin electronic devices.

• The paper is infused with aligned carbon nanotubes, which gives the device its black color.

• The tiny carbon filaments or nanotubes substitute for the electrodes used in a conventional battery.

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• It uses an ionic liquid solution as an electrolyte. Blood, urine and sweat may also used as electrolyte. They use the cellulose or paper as a separator

• The electrodes and the electrolyte are then combined to form the Nano composite paper battery material

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Working:The nanotubes acting as electrodes allow the storage devices to conduct electricity. Electricity is the flow of electric power or electrons.

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Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between electrolyte and carbon nanotubes. Electrons are collected on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a connected wire to the positive terminal. Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction between electrolyte and metal in the traditional battery. Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the chemical reaction to continue.

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Advantage:

• Prime advantage is that it is cheap, thin, and flexible.• Bio degradable and nontoxic• Biocompatible• Reusable and recyclable• Durable.• Rechargeable: It can be recharged upto 300 times using

almost all electrolytes, including bio-salts such as sweat, urine and blood.

• No leakage and overheating• Easily moldable into desired shapes and sizes.• They can be recharged in about 30 seconds.

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Applications:

• Medical Sciences:

• Electronics: wireless communication devices like speakers mouse, keyboard, bluetooth headsets.ect

• Automobiles and Aircrafts• In hybrid car batteries• In long air flights reducing refueling• For light weight guided missiles

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Future Scope:

• If battery technology had developed at the same rate, a heavy duty car battery would be the size of a penny.

• For energy storage in medically implanted devices (for example, a pacemaker, insulin pump or the implantable radio chip).

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REFERENCE:

• "Beyond Batteries: Storing Power in a Sheet of Paper". RPI. August 13, 2007. Retrieved 2008-01-15.

• http://www.pnas.org/content/104/34/13574.full

• http://batteryuniversity.com/partone-8.htm

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