A SIRVICI PU8LICATION OF LOCKHEED-GEORGIA COMPANY, A ... · bp enerjet 51 brayco 899 brayco 899d...

A SIRVICI PU8LICATION OF LOCKHEED-GEORGIA COMPANY, A DIVISION OF LOCKHEED CORPORATION

A SERVICE PUBLICATION OFLOCKHEED-GEORGIA COMPANYA DIVISION OFLOCKHEED CORPORATION

EditorCharles 1. Gale

Associate EditorsDaniel E. JolleyJames A. LoftinSteve Palmer

Art Direction & ProductionAnne G. Anderson

Vol. 9, No. 2, April-he 1982CONTENTS2 Focal Point

B. B. Coker, ManagerStandards Engineering Dept.

3 Lubricants for Hercules AircraftA helpful list of lubricantsand distributors.

11 Hydraulic Fluid TransferAn update on hydraulic fluidtransfer between systems.

1 0 StarTipStarter Oil Leak Detection

Cover: A C-130H of the Belgian Air Force overthe north Georgia countryside.

Belgium’s first C-130H was delivered nearly adecade ago. Twelve of these multi-purpose air-lifters are now in the nations’s inventory. Theyreplaced a fleet of 40 C-l 19s.

Published by Lockheed-Georgia Company, a Division of

Lockheed Corporation. Information contained in thisissue is considered by Lockheed-Georgia Company to beaccurate and authoritative; it should not be assumed, how-ever, that this material has received approval from anygovernmental agency or military service unless it isspecifically noted. This publication is for planning andinformation purposes only, and it is not to be construedas authority for making changes on aircraft or equipment,or as superseding any established operational or main-

tenance procedures or policies. The following marks areregistered and owned by Lockheed Corporation:

(+ ““Hercules, “and “JetStar. ”Written permission must be obtained from Lockheed-Georgia Company before republishing any material in thisperiodical. Address all communications to Editor, ServiceNews, Department 64.22. Zone 278, Lockheed-GeorgiaCompany, Marietta, Georgia. 30063. Copyright 1982Lockheed Corporation.

ENGINEERING STANDARDS:A KEY TO QUALITY

High-technology products such as aircraftrequire special care during both manufactureand operation. Materials, processes, mainte-nance procedures, and many individual partsare standardized, and these standards arecarefully described and maintained currentin bulletins, specifications, handbooks, andmanuals. It is important that the data inthese documents be understood and adheredto in order to realize the optimum perfor-mance from the airplane. B. B. COKER

The maintenance of controlled engineering standards is fundamentally a form of contin-uous quality control. One of the ways in which controlled standards operate to protectthe value that is built into every Hercules aircraft is reflected in the list of lubricantsfeatured in this issue. The list includes the names, specifications, and manufacturers’designations of many approved lubricants, together with updated information giving thenames and addresses of major suppliers. Each of these products has been manufactured toan exacting specification. When properly used, each can help ensure that vital parts ofyour Hercules aircraft operate efficiently and deliver the maximum possible service life.

Implicit in the idea of a controlled standard is a controlled application. An item whichis covered by engineering standards must be used exactly as intended if the purpose of theoverall concept is to be fulfilled. It is important to remember that quick-reference aidslike this list of lubricants cannot provide full information and are not intended to be usedalone. That is where the authorized manuals come in. Be sure to consult the authorizedmaintenance manuals to determine which of these products are approved for the aircraftoperated by your organization.

There are many other examples of the use of controlled standards in the manufacture andmaintenance of a modern airplane. They are applied to fasteners, electrical connectors,wire and cable, tubing, sealants, fluids, structural repair - the list is almost endless. Thestaff of the Standards Engineering Department here at Lockheed-Georgia Companystands ready to help our customers with any questions they may have concerning stan-dard parts or procedures. We hope you will not hesitate to contact us throughthe Customer Service organization whenever we can be of assistance.

Sincerely, ,

B. B. CokerManagerStandards Engineering Department

There is nothing quite so helpful as having good dataat your fingertips when you need it. We hope that thematerial in this article will fall into that category.

The following is a list of some of the many lubricantsthat are used in conjunction with Hercules aircraft.Included are the names, specifications, and manu-facturers’ designations for the lubricants, togetherwith updated information giving the names andaddresses of a number of important suppliers. If youfind that you have just about exhausted your stock ofa certain lubricant, a check of this list before you ordercould help ensure that you will get a new supply in theshortest possible time.

Please note that the fact that a particular lubricantappears on our list does not necessarily mean that it isapproved for use on all Hercules airplanes. Consultthe authorized maintenance manuals to determinewhich of these substances are approved for the aircraftoperated by your organization.

The reader should also be aware that in cases where aseries of lubricants with the same basic designation isgiven in the list (for example, the PQ Turbine Lubri-cant series, the Royce 899 series), the distributor maybe able to furnish only the most recent formulation ofthe product.

Lockheed SERVICE NEWS V9N2 3

Note: Not all the lubricants listed are suitable for all Hercules aircraft. Consult your authorized technical manuals.

MANUFACTURER’SITEM SPECIFICATION

1. Aircraft & Instrument MIL-G-23827 1.Grease 2.

3.4.5.6.

DESIGNATION DISTRIBUTORSADDRESS

CODE *

7.

Shell Oil Co.Burmah-Castrol Inc.Texaco Inc.Mobil Oil Corp.Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.Southwest Grease &Oil Co. Inc.Amoco Oil Co.

6114704 35862

4

2. Aircraft Turbine EngineLubricating Oil

8.

MIL-L-7808 1.

2.

AEROSHELL GREASE 7CASTROLEASE AlLOW TEMP GREASE EPMOBILGREASE 27ROYCO 27ASOUTHWEST GREASENO. 16215SUPERMIL GREASENO. A 728325114 EP GREASE Exxon Co. U.S.A.

Shell International PetroleumCo. Ltd.BP Oil Corp.

3 0

5 9

11

3.4.

Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12California Texas Oil Corp. 16

5.6.7.

Stauffer Chemical Co. 6 4Exxon Co. U.S.A. 3 0Exxon Co. U.S.A. 3 0

8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.

15.16.

MIL-L-23699 1.

2.

AEROSHELL TURBINEOIL 308BP AERO TURBINEOIL 40BRAYCO 880 JCALTEX CODE #2217SAT0 35E-6825ESSO TURBO OIL 2389EXXON TURBOOIL 2389PQ TURBINE OIL 8365PO TURBINE OIL 8366RM-201ARM-248AROYCO 808HROYCO808HSSINCLAIR TURBO SOIL 1048 IMPROVEDTEXACO SAT0 35TURBO OIL 2391

American Oil & Supply Co. 3American Oil & Supply Co. 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58BP Oil Corp. 11

Texaco Inc.Exxon Co. U.S.A.

AEROSHELL TURBINEOIL 500AEROSHELL TURBINEOIL 500AEROSHELL TURBINEOIL 500AEROSHELL TURBINEOIL 515AMOCO JET IIAVREX S TURBO 260AVREXSTURBO 265BP ENERJET 51BRAYCO 899BRAYCO 899DBRAYCO 899EBRAYCO 899FBRAYCO 8990BRAYCO 899HBRAYCO 8 9 9 MBRAYCO 899sCALTEX RPM JETENGINE OIL 5CASTROL 205CASTROL 5000CHEVRON JET ENGINEOIL 5CHEVRON JET ENGINEOIL 5EMGARD SYNTHESIZEDTURBINE LUBRICANT(2952)ESSO TURBO OIL 2380EXXON TURBO OIL2380

Shell International PetroleumCo. Ltd.Shell of Canada Ltd.

693 0

59

60

3. Shell Oil Co. 61

4. Shell Oil Co. 61

5.6.7.8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.

Amoco Oil Co. 4Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3BP Oil Corp. 11Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12California Texas Oil Corp. 16

18.19.20.

Burmah-Castrol Inc.Burmah-Castrol Corp.Chevron International OilCo. Inc.Standard Oil Co.of CaliforniaEmery Industries Inc.

141517

21.

22.

63

28

232 4

Exxon Co. U.S.A. 3 0Exxon Co. U.S.A. 3 0

*Address Code: See the List of Distributors and Address

4 Lockheed SERVICE NEWS V9N2

MANUFACTURER’SITEM SPECIFICATION DESIGNATION

ADDRESSCODE DISTRIBUTORS

2. Aircraft Turbine Engine MIL-L-23699 25. HATCOL 3211Lubricating Oil - contd. 26. HATCOL 3611

27. METREX TURBO OIL-128. METREX TURBO OIL-229. METREX TURBO OIL-330. METREX TURBO OIL-431. MOBIL JET

OIL II32. PQ TURBINE

LUBRICANT 388933. PQ TURBINE








LUBRICANT 959841 PQ TURBINE

LUBRICANT C-378842. RM-139A43. RM-147A44. RM-246A45. RM-247A46. RM-249A47. ROYCO 899 (C-915)48. ROYCO 899B (O-759-3)49. ROYCO 899C (D-758)50. ROYCO 899HC51. ROYCO 899P-152. ROYCO 899P-253. ROYCO 899P-354. ROYCO 899P-4 .55. SINCLAIR TURBO S

OIL56. STAUFFER JET II

(CASTROL 205)57. STAUFFER STL58. STAUFFER 692459. STO-570060. STO-653061. STO-2191962. STO-21919A63. 2395 TURBO OIL

3. Anti-Seize Compound MIL-L-25681 1. BRAYCO 8682. CP-633. MOLYKOTE 50/504. ROYCO 81 MS

4. Corrosion Preventive MIL-C-16173 1. BRAYCOTE 153ECompound Grade 3 2. FERROCOTE 364-BL

3. FERROCOTE 367-BL4. NO-RUST 285. NOX-RUST 208

Hatco Chemical Corp. 37Hatco Chemical Corp. 37Hexagon Enterprises Inc. 38Hexagon Enterprises Inc. 38Hexagon Enterprises Inc. 3 8Hexagon Enterprises Inc. 38Mobil Sales & Supply Corp. 4 4

American Oil & Supply Co. 3





American Oil & Suppy Co. 3





Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Mobil Oil Corp. 4 3Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 5 8Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 5 8Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 68Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Atlantic Richfield Co. 10

Stauffer Chemical Co. 65

Stauffer Chemical Co.Stauffer Chemical Co.PVO International Inc.PVO International Inc.PVO International Inc.PVO International Inc.Exxon Co. U.S.A.

6 66 6555555553 0

Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12E/M Lubricants Inc. 27Dow Corning Corp. 22Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58

Bray Oil Co. Inc.Quaker Chemical Corp.Quaker Chemical Corp.Steven IndustriesNox-Rust Division,Daubert Chemical Co.Oakite Products Inc.

125656674 6

4 86. OAKITE SPECIALPROTECTIVE OIL Q

7. OMEGA 512-5 Omega Chemical Co. Inc. 51

Lockheed SERVICE NEWS VgN2


4.

ITEM SPECIFICATION DESIGNATION DISTRIBUTORS

Corrosion Preventive MIL-C-16173Compound - contd. Grade 3

Fluorocarbon Lubricant MIL-L-60326 1. MS-l 22

General Purpose Grease(Wide Temperature Range)

General Purpose LubricatingOil (Low Temperature)

MIL-C-16173Grade 4

MIL-G-8 1322

MIL-L-7870

8. Hydraulic Fluid /Petroleum MIL-H-5606Base)

MANUFACTURER’S

8.9.

10.11.12.13.14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.

IO.11.12.13.

14.

15.

2.

3.

1.2.

3.4.

1.2.3.4.

5.6.7.

8.

9.10.

11. 1692 LOW TEMP OIL

1 AEROSHELL FLUID 41

2.3.4.

PETROTECT 3P3AROYCO 153RRUST-FOIL 16 l-3STEELGARD MS-1 2ST 1894VALVOLINE TECTYL894VEEDOL ANORUSTOL270VISCONORUST NO.1603WESTERN OMEGA512-5894-BC

BRAYCOTE 194BRAYCOTE 194ECOSMOLINE 1112NO-RUST X-l 0NOX-RUST X-l 10

PETROTECT AMBERPOLY OLEUM 5000P4AROYCO 194RRUST-BAN 397RUST-FOIL 16 1-4ST 1846VALVOLINE TECTYL848VEEDOL ANORUSTOL275846.BC

MS-143

TIOLON A20

AEROSHELL GREASE 22AEROSHELL GREASE2 2 cMOBILGREASE 28ROYCO NO. 22C

BRAYCO 363COSMOLUBRIC NO. 263GULFLITE OIL 6NOX-RUST 529

OCTOIL 70PETROTECT 7870A“PQ” RUST PREVENT-IVE NO. 107ROYCO 363

TURBONYCOIL 160WINSOR LUBE L-101 8

BRAYCO 756CBRAYCO756DBRAYCO 756E

ADDRESSCODE *

Penreco 52Steven Industries 6 7Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 58Franklin Oil Corp. (Ohio) 31Herry Miller Corp. 3 6Steven Industries 6 7Ashland Petroleum Co. 9

Deutsche Veedol GmbH 21

Viscosity Oil Co. 72

Omega Chemical Co. Inc. 51

Bulk Chemicals DistributorsInc.

13

Bray Oil Co. Inc.Bray Oil Co. Inc.E. F. Houghton & Co.Steven IndustriesNox-Rust Division,Daubert Chemical Co.PenrecoPoly Oleum Corp.Steven IndustriesRoyal Lubricants Co. Inc.Esso A.G.Franklin Oil Corp. (Ohio)Steven IndustriesAshland Petroleum Co.

12122 5674 6

525 467582 93167

9

Deutsche Veedol GmbH 21

Bulk Chemicals DistributorsInc.

13

Miller-Stephenson ChemicalCo. Inc.Miller-Stephenson ChemicalCo. Inc.Tiodize Co. Inc.

4 2

4 2

Shell Oil Co.Shell InternationalPetroleum Co. Ltd.Mobil Oil Corp.Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.

Bray Oil Co. Inc.E. F. Houghton & Co.Gulf Oil Corp.Nox-Rust Div is ionDaubert Chemical Co.Octagon Process Inc.PenrecoAmerican Oil & Supply Co.

71

6159

4 358

122 43 34 6

4 952

3

Shell International PetroleumCo. Ltd.NYC0 S.A.Anderson Oil & ChemicalCo. Inc.Texaco Inc.

Shell International PetroleumCo. Ltd.Bray Oil Co. Inc.Bray Oil Co. Inc.Bray Oil Co. Inc.

5 9

4 75

7 0

5 9

121212

Lockheed SERVICE NEWS V9N2

8.

9.

ITEM

Hydraulic Fluid (PetroleumBase) - contd.

Hydraulic Fluid (PetroleumBase - for Preservation &Testing)

10. Hydraulic Fluid (SyntheticHydrocarbon Base - FireResistant)

2345878.9.

11. Instrument Lubricating Oil MIL-L-6085 1.(Low Volatility) 2.

3.

MIL-H-6083

MIL-H-83282

13. PED 3565

14. PETROFLUID 460615. PETROFLUID 460716. PQ 288317. 289018. ROYCO 756C19. ROYCO 756D20. STAUFFER AERO

HYDROIL 50021. TL 587422. 25606

1.2.3.4.5.6.7.

1.

AVREX 904BRAYCO783CBRAYCO 783EHYSPIN PPETROTECT 4066CROYCO 783CUNIVIS PJ-42

AEROSHELL FLUID 31

BRAYCO MICRONIC 882HANOVER R-2HF-832HYDRAUNYCOIL FH2PETROFLUID 822PQ 3883ROYCO 782TS-741

4.5.

ANDEROL L-40 1 -DBRAYCO 885COSMOLUBRIC NO.270-AKC-85AL-245X

6

12. Lubricating Oil (Preservative) VV-L-800

7.8.9.

1.2.3.4.5.

6.7.

8.

“PQ” RUST PREVEN-TIVE NO. 160PRODUCT 80UNIVIS P-l 2VISCONORUST 1615

AERO LUBE “A”ALOX 2199ABRAYCO 300CLARCO WDLCLING SURFACEG-l 9722COSMOLINE 1116DRYDENE PRESERVA-TIVE OIL #1206FORMULA GPLO

9. HC-433


MANUFACTURER’SSPECIFICATION DESIGNATION

MIL-H-5606 5. BRAYCO 756F6. BRAYCO 75787. BRAYCO MICRONIC

756ES8. CASTROL HYSPIN A9. CHEVRON AVIATION

HYDRAULIC FLUID DIO. DS-43711. MOBIL AERO HFD12. PED 3337

DISTRIBUTORSADDRESS

CODE *

Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12Bray Oil Co. Inc. 12

Burmah-Castrol Inc. 14Chevron U.S.A. Inc. 18

Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.Mobil Oil Corp.Standard Oil Co.of CaliforniaStandard Oil Co.of CaliforniaPenrecoPenrecoAmerican Oil & Supply Co.American Oil & Supply Co.Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.Stauffer Chemical Co.

584 363

63

5252

33

585865

Texaco Inc.MZF Associates

Mobil Oil Corp.Bray Oil Co. Inc.Bray Oil Co. Inc.Burmah-Castro1 Inc.PenrecoRoyal Lubricants Co. Inc.Exxon Co. U.S.A.

Shell InternationalPetroleumCo. Ltd.Bray Oil Co. Inc.Hanover Processing Co.Hanover Processing Co.NYC0 S.A.PenrecoAmerican Oil & Supply Co.Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.Gulf Oil Chemicals Co.

704 5

4 312121452583 0

59

Tenneco ChemicalsBray Oil Co. Inc.E. F. Houghton & Co.

1235354 752

35832

6 8122 4

Tenneco ChemicalsAnderson Oil & ChemicalCo. Inc.American Oil & Supply Co.

685

3

Octagon Process Inc.Exxon Co. U.S.A.Viscosity Oil Co.

Aerosol Systems Inc.Alox Corp.Bray Oil Co. Inc.Clarkson Laboratories Inc.Cling Surface Co.

4 93 072

12

I 2I 92 0

E. F. Houghton & Co.Dryden Oil Co. Inc.

John Swift ChemicalCo. Inc.Hanover ChemicalIndustries Inc.

2 423

39

3 4


12.

13 .

14 .

15.

16.

17.

18,

ITEM SPECIFICATION

Lubricating Oil (Preservative) VV-L-800

- contd.

Molybdenum DisulfideGrease (Low & HighTemperatures)

Molybdenum DisulfidePowder

Penetrating Oil

Petrolatum (Anti-SeizeThread Compound1

Silicone Lubricant (Spray)

Solid Film Lubricant (AirCured - CorrosionInhibiting)

MIL-G-21164

MIL-M-7866

VV-P-216

MIL-T-83483

NSN 9150-00-823.7 8 6 0

MIL-L-46 147

MANUFACTURER’SDESIGNATION DISTRIBUTORS

10. NOX-RUST 518

11.12 .13 .14 .15.

OCTOIL 90PETROTECT 800PETROTECT 4072CPHOSPHOTEX 4981PQ RUST PREVENTIVENO. 172ROYCO 308ARUST FOIL #2675TECTYL 893TECTYL 900WITHROGARD RP97WITHROGARD 761ZURNKOTE 008900 - BC

Nox-Rust Division,Daubert Chemical Co.octagon Process Inc.PenrecoPenrecoMacDermid Inc.American Oil & Supply Co.

16.17.18.19.20 .21 .22 .23 .

1.23,

Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.Franklin Oil Corp. (Ohio)Ashland Oil Inc.Ashland Oil Inc.Arthur C. Withrow Co.Arthur C. Withrow Co.0. F. Zurn Co.Malter International Corp.

AEROSHELL GREASE 17CASTROLEASE MSA (C)EVERLUBE 211 -GMOLY GREASEROYCO 64C

BRAYCO 866ELECTRO-MOLYGRADE 2MOLYKOTE ZROYCO 66MS

LIQUID WRENCH

MOLY-PETROLATUM

Shall Oil Co.Burmah-Castrol Inc.E/M Lubricants Inc.

4 .

1.2.

3 .4 .

1.

1.

1.

1.2.

Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 5 8

Bray Oil Co. Inc. 1 2Elactrofilm Inc. 2 6

Dow Corning Corp. 2 2Royal Lubricants Co. Inc. 5 8

Radiator Specialty Co. 5 7

Armite Laboratories 6

SLYDE

LUBRI-BOND 220MOLYKOTE 3402BONDED LUBRICANT

Address Address Address

Coda Code Code

1 Aerosol Systems Inc.9150 Valley View Rd.Macedonia, OH 44056

7 Arthur C. Withrow Co.55 1 1 District Blvd.Los Angeles, CA 90040

13

2 Alox Corp.P.O. Box 517Niagara Falls, NY 14302

8 Ashland Oil Inc.1409 Winchester Ave.Ashland, KY 41101

14

3 American Oil & Supply CO.238 Wilson Ave.Newark, NJ 07105

Ashland Petroleum Co.Div. of Ashland Oil Inc.P.O. Box 391Ashland, KY 41101

15

4 Amoco Oil Co.200 E. Randolph Dr.Chicago, IL 60601

Atlantic Richfield Co.875 N. Michigan Ave.Chicago, IL 6061 1

5 Anderson Oil & Chemical Co. IncP.O. Box 111Portland, CT 06480

BP Oil Corp.Midland Bldg.Cleveland, OH 44115

16

6 Armite Laboratories1845 Randolph St.Los Angeles, CA 90001

9

1 0

11

12 Bray Oil Co. Inc. 17 Chevron International Oil Co. Inc.1925 N. Marianna Ave. 555 Market St.Los Angeles, CA 90032 San Francisco, CA 94105

DISTRIBUTORS and ADDRESSES

Bulk Chemicals Distributors

I n c

Electrofilm Inc.Dow Corning Corp.

ADDRESSCODE *

4 6

4 95 25 24 0

3

5 831

8877

5 04 1

611 42 7

1 3

2 62 2

Bulk Chemicals Distributors Inc.Div. of Malter International Corp.80 First St.Gretna, LA 70053

Burmah-Castrol Inc.Continental Plaza401 Hackensack Ave.Hackensack. NJ 07601

Burmah-Castrol Corp.Burmah HousePipers WaySwindonWilts SN3 1REEngland

California Texas Oil Corp.380 Madison Ave.New York, NY 10017



AddressCode

1 8

1 9

2 0

21

2 2

2 3

2 4

2 5

2 6

2 7

2 8

2 9

3 0

31

3 2

Chevron U.S.A. Inc.575 Market St.San Francisco, CA 94105

Clarkson Laboratories Inc.1450 Ferry Ave.Camden, NJ 08104

Cling Surface Co.1048 Niagara St.Buffalo, NY 14213

Deutsche Veedol GmbHHauptabteilung GrossverbraucherEsplanade 392000 Hamburg 36West Germany

Dow Corning Corp.P.O. Box 1767Midland, MI 48640

Dryden Oil Co. Inc.Braddish Ave. & W.M.R.R.Baltimore, MD 2 1216

E.F. Houghton & Co.303 W. Lehigh Ave.Philadelphia, PA 19133

E.F. Houghton & Co.Madison & Van Buren Aves.Valley Forge, PA 19482

Electrofilm Inc.Lubricants Div.P. 0. Box 39307 116 Laurel Canyon Blvd.North Hollywood. CA 916C5

E/M Lubricants Inc.P.O. Box 2200West Lafayette, IN 47906

Emery Industries Inc.1300 Carew TowerCincinnati, OH 45202

Esso A.G.Kapstadtring 22000 Hamburg 60West Germany

Exxon Co. U.S.A.P.O. Box 2180Houston. TX 77001

Franklin Oil Corp. [Ohio)40 S. Park St.Bedford. OH 44146

Gulf Oil Chemicals Co.P.O. Box 3766Houston, TX 77001

Code

3 3

3 4

3 5

3 6

3 7

3 8

3 9

4 0

41

4 2

4 3

4 4

4 5

4 6

4 7

Gulf Oil Corp.Gulf Bldg.Pittsburgh, PA 15219

Hanover Chemical Industries Inc.Little Rd.P.O. Box 147East Hanover, NJ 07936

Hanover Processing Corp.P.O. Box 302East Hanover, NJ 07936

Harry Miller Corp.4th & Bristol Sts.Philadelphia, PA 19 140

Hatco Chemical Corp.King George Post Rd.Fords, NJ 08863

Hexagon Enterprises Inc.36 Midvale Rd.Mountain Lakes, NJ 07046

John Swift Chemical Co. Inc.P.O. Box 307Albany TurnpikeCanton, CT 06019

MacDermid Inc.1221 Farrow St.Ferndale. Ml 48220

Malter International Corp.P. 0. Box 6099New Orleans. LA 70174

Miller-Stephenson Chemical Co. IncGeorge Washington Hwy.Danbury, CT 06810

Mobil Oil Corp.150 E. 42nd St.New York, NY 100 17

Mobil Sales & Supply Corp.150 E. 42nd St.New York, NY 10017

MZF Associates11200 Homedale St.Los Angeles, CA 90049

Nox-Rust DivisionDaubert Chemical Co.4700 S. Central Ave.Chicago, IL 60638

NYC0 S.A.66 Avenue des Champs-Elysees51 Rue de Ponthieu75008 ParisFrance

AddressCode

4 8

4 9

5 0

51

5 2

5 3

5 4

5 5

5 6

5 7

5 8

5 9

6 0

61

6 2

Oakite Products Inc.50 Valley Rd.Berkeley Heights, NJ 07922

octagon Process Inc.596 River Rd.Edgewater, NJ 07020

O.F. Zurn Co.2736 N. Broad St.Philadelphia, PA 19132

Omega Chemical Co. Inc.6935 W. 62nd St.Chicago, IL 60638

PenrecoP.O. Box 671Butler, PA 16001

PenrecoKarns City, PA 1604 1

Poly Oleum Corp.13531 Greenfield Rd.Detroit, Ml 48227

PVO International Inc.Chemical Specialties Div.Customer Service ParkP.O. Box 2167Morristown, NJ 07960

Quaker Chemical Corp.Elm & Lime Sts.Conshohocken, PA 19428

Radiator Specialty Co.1400 W. Independence Blvd.Charlotte, NC 28208

Royal Lubricants Co. Inc.River Rd.

East Hanover, NJ 07936

Shell International Petroleum Co. Ltd.Shell CentreLondon SE1 7NAEngland

Shell of Canada Ltd.Aviation SalesP.O. Box 400, Term. “A”Toronto M5W 1 ElOntarioCanada

Shell Oil Co.One Shell PlazaP.O. Box 2463Houston. TX 77001

Southwest Grease & Oil Co. Inc.P.O. Box 19741400 S. HarrisonOlathe. KS 66061



AddressCode

6 3 Standard Oil Co. of California225 Bush St.San Francisco, CA 94104

6 4 Stauffer Chemical Co.Specialty Chemical Div.Nyala Farm Rd.Westport. CT 06880

6 5 Stauffer Chemical Co.380 Madison Ave.New York, NY 10017

6 6 Stauffer Chemical Co.299 Park Ave.New York, NY 10171

Address Address

Code Code

6 7 Steven IndustriesP.O. Box 839 Avenue CBayonne, NJ 07002

71

6 8 Tenneco ChemicalsTurner PlaceP.O. Box 2Piscataway, NJ 08854

7 2

6 9 Texaco Inc.135 E. 42nd St.New York, NY 10017

7 0 Texaco Inc.Petroleum Products DeptP. 0. Box 52332Houston, TX 77052

Tiodize Co. Inc.15701 Industry LaneHuntington Beach, CA 92649

Viscosity Oil Co.3202 S. Western Ave.Chicago, IL 60608

StarTipSTARTER OIL LEAK DETECTION

Some engine starters used on Hercules aircraft,such as the AiResearch model ATSl OO-422, con-tain an internal supply of lubricating oil. If a minoroil leak is discovered in the vicinity of a startermounting pad when starters of this type are beingused, it may be difficult to determine whether theoil is leaking from inside the reduction gearbox orfrom the starter unit.

There is a simple procedure that can help pinpointthe source of the leak in such cases, and it isapproved for use with AiResearch starters. Thebasic idea is to put a little dye in the starter oil andthen check to see if the dyed oil shows up where itis not supposed to be. The details have been kindlyprovided to us by the Garrett Corporation.

Here is how to proceed: Obtain a small quantity ofAutomate Blue #8 dye (available from Morton-Norwich Products, Inc., Morton Chemical Division,2 North Riverside Plaza, Chicago, IL 60606). Thisdye may be added directly to the oil in the starterthat is suspected of leaking. Use one drop for 425cc’s of starter lubricant, which is the normalcapacity of many starters in this series. The subse-quent appearance of dyed oil indicates a starterleak. Used in the concentration described,Automate Blue #8 will impart a medium green colorto the oil.

If the starter turns out to be sound, there is no needto remove the dyed oil until there is some otherreason for changing it. Note, however, that whilemost oil-soluble dyes can be removed from steelsurfaces with standard engine cleaners andsolvents, any anodized aluminum that they come incontact with may be permanently stained.


by John Walters, Staff Engineer

Hercules aircraft operators occasionally encountersituations in which hydraulic fluid is found to betransferring from the auxiliary to the utilityhydraulic system or vice versa. When the cause isnot immediately obvious - and often it is not - alengthy and often frustrating troubleshootingeffort is sometimes undertaken in which first oneand then another component falls under suspi-cion, but no definite evidence of a malfunction isdiscovered.

Fortunately, there are more straightforwardapproaches that will usually yield satisfactoryexplanations for most instances of hydraulic fluidtransfer. The results from investigations of anumber of reported cases of hydraulic fluid trans-fer have made it possible to identify the most com-mon causes of this condition with a good degree ofprecision. Quite often, no special maintenanceaction is required to correct the condition, andminor changes in operational practices are all thatis necessary to prevent recurrence.

Two of the more important ways in which hydrau-lic fluid transfer can occur have been addressed inprevious issues of Service News. The article“Hercules Hydraulic System Interconnect ValvePositioning Procedure,” which appeared inVolume 2, Number 4 (October - December 1975),emphasizes the importance of using the correctprocedures when positioning the ground testcheckout valve. Failure to completely deplete thepressure in the normal and emergency brake accu-mulators before repositioning the ground testcheckout valve remains a common cause ofhydraulic fluid transfer between systems. Leakingaccumulator piston seals can do it too, and theeffects of this problem are discussed in Volume 3,Number 3 (July - September 1976).

Several other ways in which hydraulic fluid cantransfer from one system to another have come tolight more recently. All have to do with opera-tional practices rather than component failure,and any of them can produce the kind of intermit-tent yet persistent fluid transfer that seems spe-cially designed to put the maintenance specialist’s


skills and patience to the test. With the help of theaccompanying illustrations, let us see how these situa-tions can arise.

Repositioning the Brake Select Switch with BrakesApplied

Hydraulic fluid is sometimes inadvertently transferredfrom one system to the other when the brake system isswitched from the normal to the emergency modewhile the brakes are applied.

Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic of a Herculesaircraft brake system with the brake select switch inthe NORMAL posit ion, the brake pedals notdepressed, and the parking brake off.

Note in Figure 1 that with normal brakes selected, theemergency brake selector valve is energized to a posi-tion which prevents auxiliary pump output fromreaching the brakes even if the brake pedals aredepressed. With normal brakes selected, the normalbrake selector valve is deenergized to the positionshown, which allows utility system pressure from theengine-driven pumps to reach the brakes as soon as thebrake pedals are depressed.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Figure 4.

12

In Figure 2, the brake pedals have been depressed,which repositions both the normal and emergencybrake metering valves as shown. Since the normalbrake selector valve is positioned to allowpressurized fluid from the engine-driven pumps toreach the normal side of the brake metering valve,pressure is supplied to the brakes through thebrake shuttle valve. Note that auxiliary systempump pressure cannot reach the shuttle valve eventhough the emergency side of the brake meteringvalve has also been repositioned.

If, however, the brake select switch is placed toEMERGENCY with the brake pedals st i l ldepressed, as shown in Figure 3, pressure nowreaches the shuttle valve from the auxiliary pumpbecause the brake selector valves have been reposi-tioned. When the brake pedals are released, thebrake metering valves return to the position shownin Figure 4. The utility system fluid that was in thebrake has now passed to the auxiliary system,overfilling the reservoir.

The operation just described will result in thetransfer of approximately 16 cubic inches of fluidfrom the utility to the auxiliary system. This willappear as an approximately one-half inch changein fluid level at the utility and auxiliary systemreservoir sight gages. The transfer of fluid can alsoproceed from the auxiliary to the utility system byreversing the sequence of events.

Leaving Parking Brakes Applied with ElectricalPower Removed

Another way in which fluid transfer can occur isrelated to the parking brakes and removal of elec-trical power from the airplane. The sequence ofevents which causes the problem is as follows: theparking brakes are applied with the brake selectswitch in EMERGENCY and then electrical poweris removed from the aircraft. This can cause afluid transfer from the auxiliary system to theutility system. Figures 5 through 9 will illustratethe condition.

In Figure 5, the brake select switch has been placedto EMERGENCY, which deenergizes the emer-gency brake selector valve and energizes the nor-mal brake selector valve to the positions shown.With the auxiliary pump on, hydraulic pressure isnow available at the emergency brake meteringvalve for brake application. Note that both thenormal and emergency brake accumulators arepressurized.

In Figure 6, the brake pedals have been depressedand the parking brake set. Depressing the pedals


has repositioned the metering valves and allowedauxiliary system pressure to reach the brakesthrough the shuttle valve.

In Figure 7, electrical power has been removedfrom the airplane, causing the normal brake selec-tor valve to deenergize to the position shown.With power off the airplane, neither the auxiliarypump nor the utility system engine-driven pumpsare operating. Therefore, the parking brakes arebeing held on by the auxiliary hydraulic systemfluid pressurized by the emergency brake accumu-lator. Note that the normal brake accumulatoralso supplies pressurized fluid to the shuttle valve,but since the pressures supplied by both accumula-tors are equal, the shuttle valve does not shift.

The fluid transfer comes about because both thenormal and emergency brake systems containvalves which are allowed to leak at some specifiedrate. The pressure in both accumulators willtherefore gradually deplete over a period of time.Assuming that both the normal and emergencysystems leak at approximately the same rate, thepressure in the emergency brake accumulator willusually be expended before the pressure in the nor-mal brake accumulator because of the largercapacity of the normal brake accumulator. At thestart of leakdown, the normal brake accumulatorhas a capacity of 50 cubic inches of fluid, while theemergency brake accumulator has only 34 cubicinches.

In Figure 8, the emergency brake accumulator hasexpended all its fluid and pressure throughleakage, while the normal brake accumulator hasnot because of its greater volume. Since the nor-mal brake accumulator still has fluid underpressure, it causes the shuttle valve to shift. Nowthe parking brakes are being held on by thepressure from the normal brake accumulator.

As soon as the normal brake accumulator fluidand pressure is depleted, as shown in Figure 9, thebrake puck springs return the brakes to the relaxedposition, which allows the fluid originally in theauxiliary system to pass to the utility system.Transfer has occurred.

Pumping the Brake Pedals with Electrical PowerRemoved

Finally, fluid transfer between the auxiliary andutility systems sometimes is the product of actionby the flight crew and subsequent action by main-tenance personnel. The flight crew normallyreleases the brakes when the wheels are chocked atthe end of a mission. Figure 1 (page 11) represents


Figure 5.

Figure 6.

Figure 7.

13

Figure 8.

Figure 9.

Figure 10.

14

the configuration of the brake hydraulic systemsafter the wheels are chocked with electrical powerstill on, i.e. brakes released, brake select switch inNORMAL, normal and emergency brake accumu-lators pressurized, and selector and meteringvalves in the position shown. Before leaving theairplane, the flight crew shuts off electrical power,which deenergizes the emergency brake selectorvalve (Figure 10). Notice that with electrical powerremoved from the airplane, both the brake selec-tor valves are deenergized to the position whichallows the accumulators to pressurize the linesdown to the brake metering valves.

The events which can lead to fluid transfer occurafter the brake system has been placed in this con-figuration and the maintenance crew comes to theairplane. If a maintenance action requires that thebrake pedals be pumped in order to bleed downboth the normal and emergency brake accumula-tors (to reposition the ground test checkout valve,for example), and electrical power has not beenrestored to the airplane, fluid transfer is likely tooccur. This can be visualized by looking at Figure11, which shows the configuration of the brakehydraulic system when the brake pedals aredepressed with power removed from the airplane.

Notice that both accumulators are still charged(they will, of course, bleed down over an extendedperiod of time). Also notice that there is a straightpath from both accumulators to the brake shuttlevalve when the brake pedals are depressed. Initial-ly, the shuttle valve will be as it was when theflight crew left the airplane. As the brake pedalsare depressed to bleed down the accumulators, theshuttle valve will move to allow the hydraulicsystem with the higher pressure to apply thebrakes. The action of applying the brakes causesthe pressure in the higher-pressure system todecrease. A point will finally be reached where thepressure in that system decreases enough SO thatthe alternative system becomes the higher-pressuresystem and shifts the shuttle valve. If the shuttlevalve happens to shift when the brakes are ap-plied, fluid from one system will be transferred tothe other.

As an example, let us assume that the configura-tion of the brake hydraulic system is as shown inFigure 11. Let us also assume that the pressure inboth accumulators is equivalent. As soon as thebrake pedals are depressed, the brakes are appliedby pressurized fluid from the normal brake accu-mulator. This decreases the pressure in the utilityhydraulic system, which makes the auxiliary hy-draulic system the higher-pressure system. If the


shuttle valve shifts while the brake pedals are stilldepressed (Figure 12), the fluid from the utilitysystem will be passed to the auxiliary system assoon as the brake pedals are released (Figure 13).This transfer of fluid could conceivably go on un-til both accumulators are flat. It is not possible topredict which hydraulic system is supplyingpressurized fluid to apply the brakes at any par-ticular point in time, or to which system the fluidis going to be passed; but some net transfer willprobably occur.

The following tips are offered as an aid to main-tenance specialists and flight crews to preventfluid transfer between systems:

Maintenance personnel should always be sure thatthe auxiliary and utility hydraulic systems are flat(zero pressure on all gages except accumulator aircharge) prior to shifting the ground test checkoutvalve handle.

Flight crews and maintenance personnel shouldensure that the brakes are off prior to switchingfrom normal to emergency brakes, or vice versa.

Because of the allowable leakage rates of the nor-mal and emergency brake system components,flight crews and maintenance personnel shouldnot leave the parking brakes applied for an ex-tended period of time with electrical power off.This should not be a problem, however, since thestandard handbook procedures state to chock thewheels and release the parking brake when an air-plane is to remain parked for any length of time.

Flight crews and maintenance personnel shouldnot pump the brakes to depressurize the normaland emergency brake accumulators unless elec-trical power is on the aircraft. With power on theairplane, only one accumulator at a time can bebled down, which precludes the possibility of fluidtransfer.

If these tips are followed, many troublesome fluidtransfer problems will be eliminated along withthe troubleshooting headaches that accompanythem.


Figure II.

Figure 12.

Figure 13.

People. Progress. The Hercules aircraft is there.

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