Presented by…1. Anys Luthfia Ulfa (110533430651)2. Imilda Rima Kurniawati (110533430646)3. Silvia Wahyuningrum (110533430653)

Engineering Design has been described as an ever more multidisciplinary and highly collaborative exercise, during which substantial levels of resources and information are shared within a highly contextualised environment.

Engineering Design as “fundamentally a socio-technical activity” where communication is an intrinsic part (Törlind and Larsson)

Engineering Design Communication (EDC) is defined as the communication between engineers that pertain to the product and its development.

Tenopir and King’s review of communication patterns shows there is a consensus that engineers spend a significant proportion of time conversing with one another.

The relative level of EDC has also been shown to be indicative of progress being made and successful Product Development.

This is further supported by the engineering management

literature showing that companies see communication as a critical success factor and that it has been shown to affect productivity and lead-time

The Ineffectiveness of the Current Communication Channelsto support distributed EDC through lack of capturing the engineering context.

The Restrictions on Expression within Communication Channels and particularly enabling engineers to collaborate in a more natural way.

The Social and Organisational Barriers, which include ensuring there is awareness of the communication to enable the right knowledgeable engineers to contribute and ensure the right dimensions are captured alongside the communication to enable easy search and retrieval.

necessary to generate the requirements for such a system and to consider how it should be implemented within the context of current technology.

takes a bottom-up approach to developing the requirements by eliciting and synthesising them from the substantial literature concerning EDC.

looks at the suitability of Social Media to support EDC. Then, continues by detailing its main contribution: A theoretical Social Media framework, which instantiates these requirements. It then concludes by discussing the potential implications of the approach for supporting EDC.

1.The Product Artefact Network –Where the review looks at the relationships between Engineering Design Communication and the artefacts within the Product Artefact Network.

2.The Engineers’ Network –Where the review looks at the relationships between Engineering Design Communication and the engineers involved in the development of the product.

3. Its Purpose and Evolution –Where the review looks at why a communication episode arises and how it evolves over time.

4. The Engineering Context –Where the review looks at how Engineering Design Communications align themselves to the Engineering context within Product Development.

5. From herein, Engineering Design Communication (EDC) is to be referred to as communication.

1. Purpose of communicationWasiak et al. , Maiden and Bright , Aurisicchio et al. and Gopsill et al. suggest that communications almost always have one main purpose.

2. Types of response

This is a matrix of which types of response can be associated with each purpose of communication

3. Closing a communication and re-useFor the purpose of supporting communication through both use and re-use, it is self-evident that there is a need to determine the result of a communication. Therefore, this paper proposes the following conclusion types for the purposes of communications

Table 6 highlights potential reasoning for commenting on a past communication.

Hicks et al. and Grebici et al. both highlight that the capture of contextual information is critical to enabling use andre-use of information within engineering.

Wasiak et al. and Sonnenwald mention three common dimensions that align the communication to either the Company, Product, Product Lifecycle, or a combination thereof.

Ahmed and Wallace show that the inclusion of more dimensions enables novice engineers to search and retrieve information more easily.

Wang et al. shows that additional contextual dimensions reduces the uncertainty and ‘fuzziness’ of the communication, as the alignment to the Engineering Design environment has been explicitlymade.

The requirements to support Engineering Design Communication

1. Suitability of Social Media to support EDC2. The requirements for the effective application of

Social Media to support Engineering Design Communication

Social Media tools generally employ user and collaborative tagging functionality to increase the level of context surrounding an information object or communication within the system in addition to storing core meta-data such as author, date of creation and location due to their actor-centric nature

For example, the popular FaceBook uses tags within photographs to identify people and link the photograph to that user.

1. Create2. Respond3. Conclude4. Hindsight5. Awarenes

The engineers creating the communication object are requiredto upload one high-quality image of the artefact pertaining to the communication alongside their statement, which is to be captured hrough a character limited free-form input

Engineers contributing to the communication object are required to make their statement through a character limited textual input alongside the need for them to tag the statement with the response type determined by themselves from the EDC classification matrix

The originating engineer(s) concluding the communication are required to define the type of conclusion that has been reached and make their concluding statement through a character limited free form textual input

There should be the option for the engineer(s) to capture a final artefact, again, through a high-quality image and to link it to the ‘real-world’ artefact where possible

The Hindsight stage of the SM communication process to support EDC handles the direct re-use of the communication objectsthat are now stored within the tool

Engineers are able to search and retrieve past communication objects and they are able to refer back to past communication objects and highlight how they have been re-used

Awareness features should be present throughout the whole SM communication process

Engineers should be able to refer communication objects to other engineers.

This allows the tool to take advantage of the engineers social knowledge to ensure the communication objects are made visible to the right engineers