“A splendid, little war”-Secretary of State John Hay

Rebellion broke out in Cuba in 1895 seeking independence from Spain. (imperialism) Jose Marti-Hero of the Cuban independence movement. Traveled to the U.S. to gather money, arms, and troops. In 1895 he led his people in a huge revolt against Spanish

occupation. Some Cuban people were being held in concentration camps and

being treated very poorly. United States became concerned about Cuba’s people and we got

concern (here starts the world’s policeman theory)

Yellow journalism (exaggerated writing) whipped the American public into a hostile frenzy. Hearst Pulitzer

The battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana harbor in 1898 killing 260 American sailors.

Most believed at the time that Spain blew up the Maine.

U.S. declared war on Spain. Congress declared Cuba

independent.

Manila (Philippines) Commodore George

Dewey launches a surprise attack—Destroys the whole Spanish fleet in a few hours.

Thousands of miles away…first military action starts here

U.S. troops and Pilipino rebels capture the city of Manila.

Havana Harbor (Cuba) U.S. Navy destroyed

Spanish fleet in Cuba. Teddy Roosevelt’s “Rough

Riders” won the battle of San Juan Hill.

Emilio Aguinaldo-Filipino rebel. Fought with the U.S. to defeat the Spanish. Then, fought against the U.S. for a

independent Philippines. Commodore Dewey- U.S. naval leader

in the Philippines. Defeated the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay

and was an instant hero.

5,462 Americans died (379 in battle) Most killed by malaria, typhoid, dysentery, or yellow fever Wool uniforms and diseased, rotten, or poisoned

rations. War ended less than 4 months after it

started: U.S. annexed Puerto Rico and Guam (also, was a

“protectorate” of Cuba and occupied the Philippines)

Cuba was given independence w/ Platt Amendment

Now, what should we do with the Philippines?Anti-Imperialists in the U.S.-~America’s rule of the Philippians went against the democratic principles on which the U.S. was founded.

--Mark Twain, Andrew CarnegieImperialists- ~Philippines would provide the U.S. with another naval base in the Pacific and a large market for American goods. This would help the “uncivilized people of the word.”

Now, what did happen with the Philippines? The U.S. learned that controlling the new

empire (the Philippines) was more difficult than expected.

They were now fighting Emilio Aguinaldo’s rebel troops for independence.

Finally, the U.S. decided to prepare the Philippines for self-rule.

In 1946, the Philippines gained its independence from the U.S.

1895 -Jose Marti returns to Cuba to lead a revolt January, 1898-McKinley sends the Maine to Cuba February 15th, 1898-The Maine blows up in

Havana Harbor April 25th, 1898-Congress declared war on Spain May 1st, 1898-Dewey launched a surprise attack

on the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay July 1st, 1898-Rough Riders defeat the Spanish in

the Battle of San Juan Hill July 3rd, 1898- Spanish Fleet is destroyed in

Santiago Harbor, Cuba August 12th, 1898- Spanish signed an armistice,

or peace agreement with U.S.---Treaty of Paris