UNIT 3: The Cell Biology IDAYSHEET 32: Cellular Organelles

Name: _______________________________ Date: __________________

Bellringer/ Catalyst: Today in class we will be talking about the different parts found inside different types of cells. Answer the questions below to brainstorm for our discussion.

1. What are some features all plants have in common?

2. What are some features all animals have in common?

3. What are some features plants and animals have in common?

4. What are some features all living things (plants, animals, bacteria, etc.) have in common?

5. Some cells are more like a mansion, while other cells are more like a one-room shack. What are some advantages to having lots of rooms in a house? What could be some advantages of having everything in one room?

Advantages: Advantages:

Activity 1: The Cell Organelles Reading and Graphic OrganizerPurpose: To find out about the function of each of the cell organellesTask: As you read, complete the graphic organizer on the opposite. Outcome: Identify the cell organelles and their functions

The Cell OrganellesCells are the basic unit of life. We rely on our cells to metabolize food, reproduce, pass on genes, and maintain homeostasis. All cells have organelles (smaller parts) inside that help them carry out these complex tasks.

All Cells Share a Basic StructureThere are two main types of cells: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. All cells share a basic structure: they are all surrounded by a plasma membrane. The plasma membrane controls what enters and exits the cell. Inside the membrane is the cytoplasm – the fluid filling of the cell. All cells have ribosomes – tiny, circular structures that synthesize (make) proteins. Lastly, all cells have DNA.

The Nucleus In prokaryotes (bacteria), the DNA is loose in the middle of the cell. But all eukaryotic cells (plants, animals, protists, and fungi) have a nucleus in the middle of the cell. The nucleus is an organelle that contains the organisms DNA. Because the DNA has the genetic instructions that control all the cell’s activities, the nucleus is often called “the brain of the cell.”

Chloroplasts and MitochondriaThe chloroplast and mitochondria are organelles that help the cell get energy. Chloroplasts are only found in plant cells. Chloroplasts have a special chemical inside them – chloroplyll – that makes them green and allows them to make food using energy from sunlight. Mitochondria are found in all eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria convert food into energy for the cell.

The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Body, Vacuoles, and LysosomesIn order for molecules to move around the eukaryotic cell, they travel through the endoplasmic reticulum(ER). The rough endoplasmic reticulum has lots of ribosomes attached to it, so a lot of proteins are made in and travel through the rough ER. The smooth ER is not covered with ribosomes. This is where a lot of lipids are made.

The Golgi Body packages molecules for transport (movement) outside the eukaryotic cell. Once it has been packaged at the Golgi Body, a molecule can leave the cell through the cell membrane.

When the eukaryotic cell needs to store stuff, like water or food, it uses vacuoles. In plant cells, there is usually one big vacuole. In animal cells, there are usually lots of smaller vacuoles. Sometimes these storage organelles also help move stuff around the cell and are called vesicles.

The lysosomes help the cell breakdown waste, like old molecules and cell parts. Only animal cells have lysosomes.

The Cell Wall Both prokaryotes and plant cells have a cell wall outside of their plasma membrane. The cell wall gives the cell extra support and protection, and helps the cell maintain its shape.

Cell Organelles Graphic OrganizerCell Organelle Structure Function Prokaryotes? Plants? Animals?

Plasma / Cell Membrane

Controls what enters and exits the cell

Cytoplasm

Ribosome

Nucleus

Chloroplast

Mitochondrion

EndoplasmicReticulum

(ER)

Golgi Body/ Apparatus

Vacuole

Lysosome

Cell Wall

Activity 2: Cell Labeling and ColoringDirections: Use the word banks, your graphic organizer and pages ___________ in your textbook to label the following cell diagrams. When you finish, color the cell organelles and create a key!

Prokaryotic (Bacterial) CellWORD BANK: DNA Plasma Membrane Cell Wall

Ribosomes Cytoplasm

Eukaryotic Animal CellWORD BANK: Plasma Membrane Nucleus Mitochondrion

Lysosome Cytoplasm Rough ER

Smooth ER Ribosomes Golgi Body

Eukaryotic Plant CellWORD BANK: Plasma Membrane Nucleus Mitochondrion

Chloroplast Cytoplasm Rough ER Cell Wall

Smooth ER Vacuole Ribosomes Golgi Body

Activity 3: Concept MappingDirections: Ask your teacher for a set of organelle picture. Cut out and paste all the organelles into the correct box on the concept map below. Ask your teacher to check your work before gluing it down!

ALL CELLS

ONLY PROKARYOTES ONLY EUKARYOTES

ONLY PLANTS ONLY ANIMALS

ORGANELLE CUT-OUTS

Chloroplast

Mitochondria ER Golgi BodyLysosome

Cell Wall

Cell WallVacuole Large, Central Vacuole

Activity 4: Practice QuizDirections: Use your graphic organizer, diagrams, and concept map to answer the questions

1. A student is looking at a cell through a microscope and trying to decide whether the cell is a prokaryote or a eukaryote. What are some structures that would be present in a eukaryote, but not a prokaryote? _________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

2. A student is looking at a cell through a microscope and trying to decide whether a cell is from an animal or a plant. What are some structures that would be absent in an animal cell, but present in a plant cell?_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

3. A student is looking at a cell in a microscope and is able to observe the following structures: a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. What type of cell is it?A. It could be any type of cellB. It is definitely a prokaryoteC. It is definitely a eukaryote

4. A student is looking at a cell in a microscope and is able to observe the following structures: a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and a nucleus. What type of cell is it?A. It could be any type of cellB. It is definitely a prokaryoteC. It is definitely a eukaryote

5. A student is looking at a cell in a microscope and is able to observe the following structures: a cell wall, a large central vacuole, and a nucleus. What type of cell is it?A. It is definitely a prokaryoteB. It is definitely a plant cellC. It is definitely an animal cell

6. A student is looking at a cell in a microscope and is able to observe the following structures: a cell a cell membrane, ribosomes, and a region of free-floating DNA. What type of cell is it?A. It is definitely a prokaryoteB. It is definitely a plant cellC. It is definitely an animal cell

7. A student is looking at a cell in a microscope and is able to observe the following structures: a cell membrane, ribosomes, a nucleus, a Gogli apparatus, and an rough ER. What type of cell is it?A. It is definitely a prokaryoteB. It is definitely a eukaryote, but it could be a plant or an animal cellC. It is definitely an animal cellD. It is definitely a plant cell

HW 32: The Cell Organelles Biology I

Name __________________________ Date_______________________Directions: Place the cell parts listed below into the correct spot on Venn Diagram 1 and Venn Diagram 2 (you will need to write each word a total of two times)

Nucleus Plasma Membrane Golgi Body Ribosomes Vacuole

Mitochondria Chloroplasts Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Cell Wall

Lysosome Cytoplasm DNA

Venn Diagram 1

Prokaryotic Cell Both Eukaryotic Cell

Venn Diagram 2

Plant Cell Both Animal Cell

--CONTINUED ON BACK--

Directions: Use the table to answer the questions that follow!

CELL NUCLEUS CELL WALL

CELL MEMBRANE

CELL SHAPE

CELL SIZE

Cell A No Yes Yes Round Very Small

Cell B Yes Yes Yes Squarish Bigger

Cell C Yes No Yes Round Bigger

1. Which cell(s) is/are eukaryotic?______________________________________________

2. Which cell(s) is/are probably an animal cell(s)?__________________________________

3. Which cell(s) is/are probably a plant cell(s)?____________________________________

4. Which cell(s) is/are prokaryotic?_____________________________________________

5. In cell B, where would the genetic information be stored?_________________________

6. Which cell(s) would most likely contain chloroplast(s)?____________________________