A wee bit more of Chapter 10
Sorry…
Impact of French Revolution (1790s)• SIGNIFICANCE: Single most important
issue separating Fed & Rep• Many Americans saw French Revolution
as 2nd chapter of American Revolution• France & its “Reign of Terror”• When fighting spread to the Caribbean in
the French West Indies, the US had to pick a side
• Washington: technically US still obligated to help out under Franco-American Alliance; declared U.S. as NEUTRAL b/c of weak military
So long…farewell…
• Washington served 2 terms as POTUS• Farewell Address:
Warned against evils of political parties Warned against permanent foreign
alliances Isolationism dominant US foreign policy
John Adams as 2nd POTUS
• Adams defeated Jefferson TJ was VP!
• Post-French Rev. Americans realigned itself with GB (Jay’s Treaty) Trouble with France plagued Adams
• XYZ Affair (1797) Adams sent delegation to Paris to ease
tension with France US delegates met by 3 French agents who
tried to con the Americans into talking to French minister Talleyrand
Negotiations broke down War hysteria swept the US
Alien & Sedition Acts
• Purpose: Federalists passed a series of oppressive laws to reduce power of Jeffersonians & silence anti-war opposition
• Alien Act Raised residence requirements for US
citizenship from 5 yrs to 14 yrs• Sedition Act
Anyone who impeded the policies of gov or falsely criticized its officials (i.e., POTUS) would be liable to a heavy fine & imprisonment
The Triumphs & Travails of the Jeffersonian
RepublicChapter 11
Revolution of 1800
• Jefferson became President• Peaceful transfer of power• First party overturn in the history of the
country
Inaugural Speech Quotes:• “We are Republicans, we are all
Federalists”• “Honest friendship with all nations,
entangling alliances with none.”
Jefferson as President• Jefferson ironically kept most of
Hamilton’s fiscal policies (BUS, tariff, funding of debt)
• Focused on healing rift b/t both parties• Naturalization Law: 5 year req. for
citizenship• Repeal Hamilton’s excise taxes• Reduced nat’l debt by cutting gov
spending• Reduced standing army to build navy• 12th Amendment—electors had to specify
their vote: one for pres & one for VP
John Marshall & the Supreme Court
• Judiciary Act of 1801 Fed. Created 16 new
judge positions Adams signed last
minute judges into office
• John Marshall Appointed CJ under
Adams Most influential CJ in US
History Maintained Federalists
principles in rulings