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Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 1
Asian Architecture [ARC 60403]
Project 2 Case Study Paper
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in
Spatial Planning and Design to Increase User’s Comfort in S11
House, Petaling Jaya.
NAME: TAN CHIEW NEE
STUDENT ID: 0303531
LECTURER: PN. NORHAYATI RAMLI
SUBMISSION DATE: 28th JUNE 2016
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 2
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal
Mass in Spatial Planning and Design to Increase User’s
Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Table of Contents Page
Abstract ......................................................................................................... 3 - 4
1.0 Introduction ...................................................................................... 4 - 5
2.0 Overview on S11 House .................................................................. 6 - 7
3.0 Types of materials used in S11 House ............................................ 8 - 11
4.0 Spatial planning and design in S11 House ..................................... 12 - 15
5.0 Factors affecting the effective integration of materials in spatial planning and
design ....................................................................................................... 16 - 19
5.1 Insulation
5.2 Context
5.3 Material application method
6.0 Conclusion ..................................................................................... 20 - 23
7.0 References 24 - 25
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 3
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to study on the effectiveness of integrating
materials with different thermal mass into spatial planning and design to increase
user’s comfort level in S11 House (issue). With the rise of contemporary design,
various types of materials have been experimented to complement the architectural
design of spaces while sustaining the natural features of the site and provide a certain
degree of comfort. In this study, thermal mass and effect of materials used in the
building are identified. Besides, spatial planning and design of S11 House is compared
to the spatial layout of traditional Malay house and further analysed. Factors affecting
the effectiveness of the integration to increase users comfort are also
covered(objectives). Interviews have been carried out on the visitors to collect data
regarding the user experiences and comfort level in S11 House. Data analysis on the
material used and its thermal effect have been collected (methodology). Besides, a
case study on the unique arrangement of brickwork of The Termitary House in Da
Nang, Vietnam has been done to support the validity of this effective integration (case
study). The materials used in S11 House consist of both high and low thermal mass.
Performance of high thermal bricks and concrete have been enhanced with the use of
heat reflecting paint and the help of shading devices and glass has been treated to
lower the heat absorbed. A proper cooperation of the right materials with a contextual
responding spatial design would keep the space well function and more adaptive to
the users (findings). The results from it would lead to a drastic improvement of the
overall comfort level and also personal experiences of the users. In the end of this
research, it would provide a better guideline on the selection of materials responding
to the spatial design which adapted the tropical features and further generate a more
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 4
sensitive development of the building design in the country by fully utilising the local
essences (conclusion).
1.0 Introduction
In the past many years, context and local cultural influences had often played an
important in developing the architectural style of a country. People respond and rely
on these factors in order to achieve a better standard of living. As time passes, the
people had definitely outgrew a more representative and sensitive design with the
consideration of various issues including the materials used, their properties and effect
to the experiences in a space, producing a better planning of spaces in a house or
building. This could also be known as an introduction to the contextual architecture
that further extended to the existence of vernacular architectural design. It is very
much affected by the factors like the local climate, cultural and local materials.
One of the greatest example of the vernacular architecture will be the traditional
Malay house which strongly reflect the ideas of contextual by using basic local
materials like timber and bamboo, the architectural design also respond closely to the
tropical climate of hot and humid weather all day long. The evolution of this came from
the plenty experiments from the people in the past, at which they tried to understand
the property of every material they could get and incorporating them into designing
their own house in order to help them in achieving a more comfortable living space.
In Malaysia, the local adapted to this idea and further enhancing the building
design with the same intentions but of different and probably better generation of
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 5
forms and functions for a higher expectation and requirement of comfort lifestyle. The
concept of fully utilizing materials into spatial designing and planning had definitely
help to create a new wave of effective design as it helped to resolve the issues of
energy conservation while enhancing the overall comfort level and also providing a
better living spaces for the users without extensive use of artificial and mechanical
devices. Due to the reasons above, the factors affecting the effectiveness of this
integration would also need to be looked into in order to provide a more convincing
point of views and evidences to allow the idea to be carried on in the future.
This paper will investigate on the effective integration of materials with different
thermal mass in spatial planning and design to increase user’s comfort by
responding to the following research questions:
1. What are the types of materials used in S11 House?
2. What is the spatial planning and design applied in S11 House?
3. What are the factors considered in integrating materials of different thermal
mass to spatial planning and design of S11 House and how if affect the user’s
comfort?
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 6
2.0 Overview on S11 House
S11 House, a significant green building in Malaysia located at the older suburban
area in Petaling Jaya, owned and designed by the architect Dr. Tan Loke Mun. The
concept of this building came from the idea of having a large canopy on the outside
as envelope to the interior spaces while providing a different perspective and
experiences from the inside. Most of the original components and features from the
site itself were remained and regenerated into a whole new form. The vegetation on
site was sustained and made use to act as shading device to the house. Besides,
materials from the demolishment were also reused in the later construction of S11
House. The local architectural essences of this building was brought out and enhanced
with the generous use of the local materials like bricks and hard wood but in a
completely new and much more interesting way and arrangement. The spatial
planning and design had also adapted the traditional way of spaces arrangement
according to the specifications found in a local Malay house which strongly relevant to
the importance and hierarchy of spaces.
Unlike the usual direct application of material in designing and constructing a
space, S11 House has definitely stand out with its interesting new interpretation of the
ordinary materials into a traditional vernacular spatial design. The well proportion and
balance of the integration of materials by considering their properties come along well
with the traditional adaptation of the contextual climatic building design. All these
embellishment had brought S11 House in winning the Tropical Building Category of
the Asean Energy Awards in 2013 besides being the first building in Malaysia to be
rated as Green Building Index (GBI) Platinum (Inhabitat, 2013).
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 7
Figure 1 Exterior view of S11 House (H.Lin Ho, 2013)
Figure 1.1 Aerial view on the S11 House in context with its surrounding
(S11 House, 2015)
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 8
3.0 Types of Materials Used in S11 House
The very first component we are looking into in this case study paper would be
the most fundamental factor that affect the effectiveness of this integration which are
the types of materials used. Properties of materials vary from many ways and thermal
mass is how the materials react to heat absorption which is relevant to controlling the
heat gained into a building that actually affect the user’s comfort in the building.
Materials are also the basic components in the construction of a building, they will
definitely affect the performance and usage of a space.
The materials used in S11 House are more on the local materials which can be
easily gotten. They are the most basic materials that can be found in a building but
with a proper planning and spatial design, their performance could be much improved.
Next, the types of materials used are listed and categorized based on their thermal
mass. Thermal mass is known as the capacity of heat absorbed in a material, usually
a much higher heat is needed in order to increase the temperature of high thermal
mass materials like concrete and bricks, it would affect the time spend for a material
to be heated up or cooled down. A well planned and proper application of these
materials could have done a great work in providing cooling and reducing heat in a
space (Chris Reardon, 2013).
TYPES OF
MATERIALS USED
AERATED CONCRETE BLOCKS
OLD CLAY BRICKS
LOW – E LAMINATED GLASS
CHENGAL HARDWOOD
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 9
Figure 2 Diagram above shows the comparison
between heavy weight (bricks) and light weight
material (timber and aerated concrete blocks)
reacting to the heat transferred (Buildforliving, 2016).
Figure 3 Diagram shows the comparative results of
internal temperature with the application of material
of high and low thermal mass (Green Solar, 2016)
Dense and heavy weight Thin and light weight
High capacity of heat store Low capacity of heat store
Absorb and release heat slowly Absorb and release heat quickly
Need to be insulated Better performance if insulated
The resulted effect from the application of both materials in the building is to maintain
the indoor temperature within the interior spaces. Both materials could perform
effectively based on their physical properties if they are well designed and cooperated.
Old clay bricks Aerated concrete blocks
Glass Timber decking
HIGH THERMAL MASS LOW THERMAL MASS
HIGH THERMAL MASS LOW THERMAL MASS
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 10
Figure 4 The floor plan above shows the location of the
materials used integration with the spatial planning and
design.
In S11 House, the architect had cooperated the materials with both high and
low thermal mass into the exterior and also interior spaces by considering the location
and side surroundings of a particular space. Due to the hot and humid climate of
Malaysia, most of the high thermal mass materials like the traditional heavy weight
concrete are replaced with light weight aerated concrete blocks and they are used as
external façade or as building envelope (S11 House, 2015). More importantly, these
materials are either insulated or being shaded by natural vegetation or by the building
canopy. And these thermal materials react to the climate by resisting big amount of
heat gained into the building during the daytime, it prevent the building from being
overheated. Old clay bricks are also arranged in a manner which differed from the
original way of doing it to help in coping with the weather change in the country. High
thermal mass material like glass is avoided to be used on the sun glazing façade, they
are mainly on the north and south sides of the building without being exposed directly.
Figure 4.1 Aerated
concrete blocks are used
at the main east and
west facing façade and
to improve its
performance the external
concrete façades are
coated with heat
reflecting paint.
Figure 4.2 Old clay bricks as the feature wall at the
outdoor space arranged with hollow spaces in
between each brick to encourage more ventilation.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 11
Figure 5 The floor plan above shows the location of the
materials used integration with the spatial planning and
design (Archdaily, 2013)
Besides, the low thermal materials are even more widely used in the interior
spaces. Timber is one of the main component used in S11 House, in hot and humid
climatic place like Malaysia, light-weight materials with low thermal mass would
actually help with its fast release of heat as it also respond instantly to cooling breezes.
It plays a big role in keeping the interior spaces cooled during the daytime. Timber
flooring can be seen applied in the public spaces like the decking and the family room.
Figure 5.2 Lightweight timber decking in
family room at first floor. It fast release of
heat property provide a cooling space for
people to gather around.
Figure 5.1 High thermal mass material like glass is
treated and laminated, low-E glass is been used
here to resist the heat transfer into the building. The
glass openings are mainly on the north south
façade without direct glaze of sunlight.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 12
4.0 Spatial Planning and Design in S11 House
The spatial planning of S11 House has adapted the vernacular architecture
feature which it shows a strong resemblance to the spaces hierarchy in traditional
Malay house following the importance and functions of space. The space planning is
arranged accordingly to a hierarchy at which public spaces are located closer to the
outdoor garden and porch area, while the semi-public spaces are centered, private
spaces like the kitchen and bedroom are far at the back or side of the building. There
is a clear division of spaces with the intention of not having the private spaces
disturbed, and public space as a communication bridge within the user and the
family. There is also an extended deck at first floor known as the verandah that
function as social gathering area of the users with visitors.
All these adaptation and features are found similar to the space planning in a
Malay house as it’s always preferred to have a verandah that’s more known as “anjung”
for the family to gather around while enjoying the nature surrounding.
Figure 6 The floor plan above shows the spatial
planning and arrangement accordingly to the
hierarchy from public-semi public-private.
Figure 6.1 The figure above shows the basic
planning of space in the traditional Malay housing
as similar to S11 House (Shirley, 2012)
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 13
Next would be the spatial design identified in S11 House, some of the features
are similar to the traditional housing design like the body level large openings, opened
plan layout of the interior and interior spaces that stay connected to the exterior space
physically. Features like the double volume ceiling, raw finishes of materials are more
on being responsive to the modern architectural design which have also enhance the
sensual quality of spaces. They are well integrated with the choice of material made.
The intelligence of using different materials in rooms of different functions. For
example, the common area used mainly timber as it’s has a warmer tone and give a
natural touch and harmless feeling to the space. It’s an area where everyone gathers,
the light weight hard wood respond to temperate change pretty quickly too and with
this it keeps the users remain comfortable while being in that space. Semi-public
dining hall are made up from raw concrete and marble, they give a sense of serenity
and peace to the users. Private spaces like the bedroom has a cleaner finishes and
elegant look, they are spaces for the users to spend longer time in as the material
selection is extra important in order to provide a comfortable space for the users.
This method used can also be considered as a wayfinding hue, providing better
guidance and route to the users within the building by creating an intangible circulation
without overdoing it but showing the indication of each spaces.
Figure 7 The diagram above shows the illustration of body level large openings
that is found in a traditional Malay house.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 14
Figure 8 Large windows
openings can be found in the
reading area in S11 House.
Figure 8.1 The double volume
ceiling can be seen in the family
room which enhance the vision
quality of the space.
Figure 8.2 A balance between the raw
and clean finishes of the materials
applied, provoking the sensuality of
the users.
Figure 6.1 The figure above shows the basic planning of
space in the traditional Malay housing as similar to S11
House (Shirley, 2012) (Archdaily, 2013)
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 15
Figure 8.3 Wooden decking family hall can be
seen extended to the exterior to create a
continuity of spaces within.
(Archdaily, 2013)
Figure 8.4 Raw finishes of material incorporating
with the opened plan layout to enhance the
neutrality of the space.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 16
5.0 Factors Affecting the Integration of Materials into Spatial
Planning and Design
The effectiveness of integrating materials into spatial planning and design to
increase users comfort is very much influenced by these external factors. These
factors serve the purpose of upbringing the initial condition to a higher and better level
and with the help of these, the application of this integration will be more significant
and works more affectively to improve the user’s experience and comfort level.
5.1 Insulation
The main materials used in S11 House are mostly insulated and treated with heat
reflecting paint. In S11 House, the concrete blocks used are firstly insulated and then
coated with reflecting painting to lower down the heat absorbed. Both the east and
west facing façade are also painted with heat reflecting material.
Figure 9 The diagram above shows the results
of air temperature depending on the type of
material and also insulation done to it.
(Southwoodforest, 2010)
Figure 9.1 The picture above shows the external
wall of S11 House coated with camouflage motif
that act as heat reflecting coating.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 17
5.2 Context (Surrounding)
Due to extensive use of curtain walls and glasses as building openings, natural
shading device is relatively important. Low – E treated laminated glass has been used
at different corners of the house and the similarity is the location and connection to
the external spaces. These curtain walls are usually surrounded by plenty of greens
and vegetation to act as a shading region for the interior spaces. Besides that, the
large canopy roof also helped to keep the spaces well covered and protected. All
these would prevent the direct penetration of sunlight into the interior of the building
that would later led to the rise of internal temperature. Instead, it has improved the
user’s experiences by having the view of the exterior without being directly exposed.
Figure 10 The diagram shows the
performance of different type of
materials in relevant to the transmission
of UV ray and heat (Reefcentral, 2010)
The glasses used in S11 House is
9.38mm thick laminated low-e glass with
a 90% openable area that allows natural
ventilation.
Figure 10.1 The picture taken at one
of the corner in S11 House which
shows the large glasses openings in
the house shaded and surrounded by
the existing natural greens at the site
(Archdaily, 2013).
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 18
5.3 Material application method
The method of applying materials in designing a space also enhance the overall
performance of it. One of the specialty about it in S11 House is the arrangement used
in laying the bricks work. The bricks are arranged in a manner with hollow spaces in
between one another, these hollow spaces act as vent and openings for ventilation. It
allows the breeze to pass through every corner in the building. Besides functioning as
a ventilation dent, the bricks wall is integrated into the spatial design where it enriched
the users experiences through the light fenestration through these holes, it could
trigger the vision and sensory of the users while also increasing the comfort level by
increasing the poetic quality of the space. The breeze through the tiny holes keeps the
building well ventilated and keep the room temperature in controlled.
Figure 11 The bricks wall in S11 House is
designed in a specific manner to improve the
performance on encourage wind flow into the
building to provide comfort to the users.
(Archdaily, 2013)
Figure 11.1 This photo shows the case
study example in Vietnam which has
also applied a similar way of bricks
arrangement and construction.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 19
Based on the case study on the Termitary House in Vietnam, the building is seemed
to be applying the similar way of bricks arrangement as S11 House. And the reasons
and intention behind this idea was to allow the cold breeze to go through every
single corners of the house as Vietnam is known to have a similar climate to
Malaysia which is hot and humid. Ventilation plays a big role in maintaining the
comfort level of the users in the house as it helps to control the humidity level and
also bringing fresh air into the space. Moreover, the play of lights through these tiny
hollow spaces has successfully brought out the poetic senses of the rooms where
the users got to enjoy different views during daytime and also night time.
Figure 12 The photos above shows the variation of light and shadow to the interior spaces
through the hollow space in between the brickwork. It doesn’t only act as ventilation vent
but also a feature walls that make the interior spaces more lively and interesting. (Vietnam
Green Building Data Base, 2015)
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 20
6.0 Conclusion
In conclusion, the overall user’s comfort could actually be increased and
improved to a better stage upon achieving all these mentioned.
Reduction in heat gained
This is done by the proper selection of materials in conjunction with the building
spatial planning and design. The main east and west facing façade which concrete
and bricks were in used to serve the purpose of resisting heat gained into the
building, instead of the traditional way of application light weight aerated concrete
blocks are used and bricks wall are also arranged in special manner to lower the
absorption of heat into the building (Green Solar, 2010). And to enhance the
results, they are all well insulated and shaded by the large canopy roof and the
surrounded by the vegetation on site. Large openings are designed on the north
and south façade instead.
Figure 13 The picture shows part of the spaces covered by the large
canopy roof and surrounded by the greenery on site. (Inhabitat, 2015)
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 21
Figure 14 Diagram above shows the wind flow direction
across the building through the large openings at the
center of S11 House. (Archdaily, 2013)
Figure 14.1 The picture above taken at the living room that
shows the low-E glass openings on the south-east facade
and opened plan layout in S11 House that encourage wind
flow across it.
Encouraged ventilation
This is proven by the planning and spaces arrangement in S11 House at which the
middle of the building is exposed to large openings, curtain glass walls on the north
and south façade that allow wind fenestration across the building envelope when
opened. Moreover, this part of the building covers the common area like the living
room and gathering spaces. It has provided a ventilated space that allows the
family or guest of the owner to gather around. Besides that, the bricks walls at the
exterior verandah are designed and arranged in a unique way with hollow spaces
in between to allow more wind flow through these holes and increase the quality of
space in no time.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 22
Provided privacy
The unique yet functional spatial design of the bricks arrangement as the external
walls at the outdoor or the verandah provide a semi-opened space for the users. The
spaces are not completely covered, the hollow spaces in between allow the users to
enjoy the nature surroundings around the building yet at the same time provide them
with a sense of privacy through the semi-enclosed space.
Improved poetic quality of space
The delicate details thought by the architect in designing each and every single spaces
in the building creates a whole new level interpretation of the ordinary materials. It
doesn’t only enhance the building performance physically by providing a comfortable
and pleasing space to live it, it has also enriched the users experiences in the sense
of its poetic quality created with the well play of material texture and contrast in giving
in different thoughts and feeling to the users in the space.
Figure 15 The gap in between each brickwork allows the users to view in and
out from the building without being too exposed to the outdoor besides
encouraging natural ventilation (Archdaily, 2013)
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 23
At the end of this research, it has been proven that quality of a space respond closely
to the applications of materials and also spatial design and planning, With the right
selection of material and spatial design that adapt to the context and local climatic
issues, comfort level at a space can be easily achieved without extensive use of other
subsidiary supporting materials and the issues like hot climate and lack of choices of
materials would also be resolved. This would definitely help to improve the future
development of quality sustainable contextual building design in the country that allow
everyone to have a comfortable living spaces.
Figure 16 The play of materials thermal property, texture and tone integrating to the spatial design has
created a variety of experiences within S11 House, providing a comfortable and lively living spaces to
the users in it (Archdaily, 2013).
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 24
6.0 References
ArchiCentre, S. (2016). S11 House by ArchiCentre. Mainfact.biz. Retrieved 21 May
2016, from http://mainfact.biz/2016/02/29/s11-house-by-archicentre/
This website talked about the materials used in S11 House and the way it
helped to maintain the least usage of energy with the design innovations.
Good design key for tropical buildings. (2011). Eco-Business. Retrieved 21 May
2016, from http://www.eco-business.com/news/good-design-key-for-tropical-
buildings/
This website included an interview done with the architect of S11 House, Dr.
Tan Loke Mun where he talked about his ideas of developing more green
building in the country and the method and theory used behind this.
S11. (2016). International. Retrieved 21 May 2016, from
http://wp.architecture.com.au/international/archicentre-sdn-bhd-
s11/2013199840_7_archicentre_s11_linho/
This website talked about the specific paint and materials applied, and also
their properties and how it would affect the interior temperature of the
building.
S11 House - Malaysia’s first GBI Platinum (CVA) rated house. (2016).
S11house.com. Retrieved 28 June 2016, from
http://www.s11house.com/#introduction
This website introduced about the concept and ideas that drove the
construction of S11 House, the green design features used and also the
improvisation of old materials.
Effective Integration of Materials with Different Thermal Mass in Spatial Planning and Design
to Increase User’s Comfort in S11 House, Petaling Jaya.
Tan Chiew Nee 0303531 | ARC 2213/2234 Asian Architecture 25
Lim, J. (1981). A comparison of the traditional Malay house and the modern housing-
estate house. Tokyo: United Nations University.
This book gave a clearer view on the traditional Malay house, comparing it to
the modern housing now to give a better understanding on the adaptation of
contextual architecture features to the new modern building.
Hoang, V. (2015). Interesting brickwork of the Termitary House - E4G.org. E4G.org.
Retrieved 28 June 2016, from http://en.e4g.org/interesting-brickwork-termitary-
house/
This was the case study carried out on the brickwork arrangement that is
found similar to the one in S11 House, it acted as a reference in relevant to the
user’s experiences and comfort level in that space.
Weston, R. (2003). Materials, form and architecture. London: Laurence King.
This book introduced and illustrated the use of different materials in
contemporary design considering the quality and properties of a material by
addressing the issues critically through historical, cultural and technical
aspects.