Aalborg, Denmark, 8-9 October 2012

Teaching standardization to Engineers- CMI experience

Knud Erik Skouby,Professor, CMI/ Aalborg University

skouby@cmi.aau.dk

Joint ITU-GISFI-DS-CTIF Standards Education Workshop

(Aalborg, Denmark, 8-9 October 2012)

Standardisation

Standards are specifications that determine the compatibility of different products

(also minimum quality and reference standards)

Standardisation is the process where standards are agreedWhat/ why do we teach to engineers?

Basics of the ‘Information Society’

The rapid technological change has highlighted the stronglink between technological standards, innovation, market performance and economic welfare

The ability to communicate electronically is the foundationStandards enable the electronic communication

All people will be served with wireless devicesAffordable to purchase and operateCalm computing: technology invisible to usersMachine to machine communications

• Sensors and tags: e.g. in transport and weather systems, infrastructure, to provide ambient intelligence and context sensitivity

All devices are part of the (mobile) internet

WWRF -2020 Vision: 7 trillion wireless devices

serving 7 billion people

5

7 Trillion Devices in a decade

Knowledge from Data – O2O

Tags

Personalized medicine

Smart meters

Objects Sensors

Aalborg, Denmark, 8-9 October 2012 6

Need for standardsTechnology: Interworking/interoperability/overall architecture is a mustSocio-economics:Prevention of Market failures

Information asymmetryExternalitiesDevelopment of ‘Natural’ monopolyIPR: Intellectual Property Right

PatentCopyrightDesign registration

Aalborg, Denmark, 8-9 October 2012 7

Students need to understand the elements – and the relations – in

standardization

InstitutionsDrivers/ barriersProcessesImpact

Aalborg, Denmark, 8-9 October 2012 8

Institutions

Old Regime: ITUNational sovereigntyJoint provisionInteroperability via

negotiated standards

Present regimeHyper fragmented -and

volatile- “standards market”Myriad of agents in the

standardization process (SDOs, forums, companies)

ICT standards specified in “islands”

End to end monolithic standards are “last millenium”

POLICY MARKET

TECHNOLOGY

Drivers/ Barriers in standards

Digitalization

Computerization

Packet based Switching

Mobile

Next Generation Networks (NGN)

Convergence & converged services

Ambient ICT

Techno-economic efficiency

Cost / prices

Tech development

New infrastructures and services

Enabling of changes

Competitive environment

Creation of adequate infrastructures and services

User empowerment

Applications

RegulationServices

Internet Protocol (IP)

Standardization Proces(ses)

Impact: Winner factors – ‘acceptable’? Be first Luck / coincidence Co-operation with complementary producers Might be the best product, but

Lock-in QWERTY as an example Path dependence / hysterisis

Market failure or ?

Impact Paradox?

FreedomCreativityDynamics

StabilityOrder

Routine

„In fact, fast-changing economies have a greater need for standards and norms.”

Evergrowing Spectrum Demand

Work starting to calculate demand in preparation for WRC 2015Not adequate VHF/ UHF bands availablePossible solutions

SharingSatellite occupies 3600 – 4200 MHzLower Broadcasting bandsOr Research new technology techniques

Key success factors

complexity/cost backhaul requirements

business models and usage scenariosspectrum and standardisation

Efficient signallingRealistic deployment scenarios and

performance evaluationSystem architecture aspects and backward

compatibilityCross layer optimisation

Conclusions and Recommendations

Standardization @ universities: an academic discipline

Theory MethodologyData/ factsUnderstand the process

ComplicatedNot ‘in it self’/ by natureIt is multidisciplinary

Research needed

Aalborg, Denmark, 8-9 October 2012 15

”Wireless Mobile Communications from WW1 (Sommes 1918)

The use of pigeonsWas not cancelledFrom the Danish Military Budget until 1995