AB0401 CO2 Australia

Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint

Seminar 4 Group 5Chew Chin LynnHuang QinyueLoh Wei ShanBevan NgOng Yi Zhen

1

• Scope 1: Emissions from using company owned assets

• Scope 2: Purchased heat and electricity

• Scope 3: Results of company's activities

2

Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint

Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint

3

SCOPE SOURCE ACTIVITY DATA(KG/KM/LITRES)

TOTAL EMISSIONS (activity data* CO2/unit)

SCOPE 1 Campus buses (Intra Campus)

25,000 persons3km per week per person

0.3kg CO2 per person per km25,000 * 52 * 3 * 0.3 = 1,170,000

Campus madeelectricity

- -

SCOPE 2 Purchased Heat 113778000 kBtu 0.9888314 kg CO2 per kBtu * 113778000 = 112,507,259

Purchase Electricity

170667000 kBtu 0.9888314 kg CO2 per kBtu * 170667000 = 168,760,888

Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint

4

SCOPE SOURCE ACTIVITY DATA(KG/KM/LITRES)

TOTAL EMISSIONS (activity data* CO2/unit)

SCOPE 3 StudentsCommuting

33,200 persons80km per week per person

0.3kg CO2 per person per km33,200 * 52 * 80 * 0.3 = 41,433,600

Staff Commuting

6,612 persons80km per week per person

0.3kg CO2 per person per km6,612 * 52 * 80 * 0.3 = 8,251,776

Paper Usage 40,000 persons1kg per year per person

9kg CO2 per kg40,000 * 9 = 360,000

Offset fromGreenery (Trees)

On-campusGreenery

5,000 trees 22kg per tree per year5,000 * 22 = 110,000

Calculating NTU’s Carbon Footprint

5

SCOPE SOURCE ACTIVITY DATA(KG/KM/LITRES)

TOTAL EMISSIONS (activity data* CO2/unit)

NTU Total - -

Per Student

- 33,200 persons

Per Employee

- 6,612 persons

STAKEHOLDERS’ ANALYSIS

6

STAKEHOLDERS INTERESTS

NTU • Maintain a good reputation• “Creating excellent facilities, green university environment,

conducive for life long learning, creativity and entrepreneurship” (Mission of Office of Development & Facilities Management)

Government • A working model of neutral carbon emissions for possible implementation to other places

Students • Good education provided by professors• A good and conducive environment to study in

Employees • Good pay • A conducive workplace

Research Partners of NTU • Develop green technologies to build a name for themselves• Profits

Environmentalists/ NGOs • A more environmentally sustainable society

Alternatives

1. Transforming a significant proportion of our course delivery from classroom to an online format (i.e. more e-Learning)

2. Buying an equivalent amount of carbon offset credits from CO2 Limited Group

3. Other viable alternatives leading to a carbon-neutral future

7

Alternative #1Increased Proportion of Online

Learning in Coursework

Advantages:• Reduced carbon footprint by:

– Reducing utilities consumption– Reducing the need for students to commute to school– Reducing the need for transport within campus– Reducing the need for printing of notes and purchasing of

textbooks (which can possibly be in electronic form)

• Overall increased cost effectiveness• More interesting approach as compared to having old

school large-scale lectures for the entire cohort• Students will be able to understand lecture content

better as they can view recorded lectures at their own pace

8

Alternative #1Increased Proportion of Online

Learning in Coursework

Disadvantages:

• Large changes to the curriculum which may result in dissatisfaction of stakeholders such as staff and students

9

Impact on StakeholdersStudents of NTU

• Increased convenience• Decreased commuting

costs• Less condusive

environment for some students as due to less face-to-face interaction

Staff of NTU

• Necessary to adapt to a more technology intensive working environment

GovernmentNon Government Organizations

Partners of NTU

• Increased profits by providing more expertise with regards to an online learning platform

10

Nanyang Technological University

• Cost savings in terms of decreased campus transport provided, and lower utility expenditure

• Better reputation

Alternative #2Buying an equivalent amount of carbon offset credits from CO2 Limited Group

Advantages:• Can be implemented immediately to reduce the

carbon footprint without significant changes in the operations of NTU

• Assigns a cost in monetary terms to personal emissions (increases ease of developing future projects to reduce carbon footprint)

Disadvantages:• Unlikely to reduce overall green house gas

emissions sufficiently in the long run• Does not encourage NTU to truly reduce its

carbon footprint by implementing more environmentally sustainable measures (involves only purchasing a certificate)

11

Impact on Stakeholders

12

Students & Staff of NTU

• Not subjected to any changes as the operations of NTU will not differ from present

Government

• Reduced carbon footprint of Singapore

• Promote environmentally sustainable practices

Non Government Organizations

• Reduced carbon footprint of Singapore

• Increased emphasis on environmental conservation

Partners of NTU

• CO2 Australia can increase the awareness of carbon credit in Singapore

Nanyang Technological University

• Increased costs in terms of carbon credits purchased

• Better reputation due to emphasis on environmental sustainability

Other Viable Alternatives

1. Installation of Solar Panels in NTU

2. Partnerships with recycling companies/other research institutions

3. Hydrogen cell campus buses

4. Pre-set and fixed the air-conditioning to 24-25°C, without allowing it to be changed.

13

Other Alternatives #1Installation of Solar Panels in NTU

Advantages:• Renewable/ infinite source of energy• Pollution-free

Disadvantages:• Costly to implement• Requires a large area to capture the

sun’s energy effectively might not be efficient until further improvements in solar energy is discovered.

14

Impact on Stakeholders

Students & Staff of NTU

• Not much impact

Government/ NGOs

• Reduce carbon footprint.• Promote use of clean

energy in Singapore

Partners of NTU

• Increased awareness and interest in the benefits of solar panels

15

Nanyang Technological University

• Increase short term cost• Reduces future cost in

terms of electricity savings• Better reputation for more

emphasis on environmental sustainability

Other Alternatives #2Partnerships with recycling companies/other

research institutions Advantages:• Increase awareness of 3Rs.• Develop more green technologies that can replace

existing environmentally unfriendly technologies

Disadvantages:• Time required to develop a successful green

technology• Time required for people to change their mindset

and accept new technology/habits of exercising the 3R

16

Impact on StakeholdersStudents & Staff of NTU

• Must adopt new practices to reduce, reuse and recycle

• Must adapt to new technology if brought into NTU

Government/ NGOs

• Reduce carbon footprint.• Promote the importance of

reducing, reusing and recycling in Singapore

Partners of NTU

• Increased profits by working with NTU to implement feasible 3R measures

• May reach out to other universities through NTU

17

Nanyang Technological University

• Increased costs due to new partnerships with external companies to implement measures

• Better reputation for more emphasis on environmental sustainability

Other Alternative #3Hydrogen cell campus buses

Advantages:

• ZERO carbon emissions

Disadvantages:

• Initial cost to revamp the current campus buses will be costly

18

Impact on StakeholdersStudents & Staff of NTU

• Not subjected to significant changes

Government/ NGOs

• Reduce carbon footprint• Opportunity to promote

cleaner transport in Singapore

Partners of NTU

• Increased awareness hydrogen cell buses

19

Nanyang Technological University

• Increase costs as hydrogen cell buses are more expensive

• Potential savings due to reduced fuel consumption

• Better reputation for kick starting the use of greener transport within campus

Executive SummaryIn view of the above 3 alternatives, Conducting E-Learning, Buying Carbon Offset Credits, and other alternatives which would help us work towards our long-term carbon-neutral target, we should consider conducting more E-learning lessons.

This is because the greatest source of carbon emissions which we have computed is the Purchased Electricity( carbon emissions of 168,760,888). Hence, with more For E-Learning lessons conducted, NTU would be able to lower its carbon emissions greatly through the reduced usage of lecture rooms and air-conditioned tutorial rooms.

In the long run, NTU also can consider the other proposed alternatives including the use of cleaner energy, partnerships with other companies as well as the use of hydrogen cell buses to reduce carbon emissions.

20