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Abbington v. Schempp
• Schools can’t require Bible reading or reciting the Lord’s Prayer.
Wisconsin v. Yoder
• Amish Parents can’t be required to send their children to school past 8th grade.
Westside Schools v. Mergens
• Religious organizations can meet in public schools in same manner as other student groups
• Court cited the Equal Access Act
Sante Fe ISD v. Doe
• Public school students may not lead prayer at football games
West Virginia v. Barnette
• Patriotism can be achieved without forcing people to violate their religious beliefs
Epperson v. Arkansas
• States can’t ban the teaching of evolution in public schools
Everson v. Bd. Of Education
• States can pay for busing students to parochial schools
Engel v. Vitale
• Prayer in public schools is unconstitutional
Schenk v. U.S.
• Developed the “clear and present danger” test
• Seditious speech- speech advocating the overthrow of the gov’t or resistance to lawful authority
Tom Clancy Clear and Present Danger
Bethel School Dist. V. Fraser
• Schools may punish students for lewd, or indecent speech at school events
NY Times v. U.S.
• Prohibiting the publication of the “Pentagon Papers” would be prior restraint
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier
• School officials can restrict student expression in school newspapers
Miller v. California
• Local communities can set their own obscenity standards
Gitlow v. New York
• Court ruled that free speech is a basic right that states can not deny; incorporated the bill of rights
DeJong v. Oregon
• Assembly for lawful discussion can not be made a crime
Sheppard v. Maxwell• Set ways to limit media coverage of trials
• Sequester-isolate a jury during trial
• Gag order- court order prohibiting publication of trial information
Mapp v. Ohio
• Extended the exclusionary rule to state trials
Miranda v. Arizona
• A person must be clearly informed of their rights before questioning by the police
• The Miranda Act
California v. Acevedo
• Police can search a car without a warrant if there is probable cause
Gideon v. Wainwright
• States must provide the accused an attorney even if they can’t afford one
Escobedo v. Illinois
• A person has the right to an attorney as soon as they become a suspect
New Jersey v. TLO
• School officials do not need a warrant to search a student at school.
Brown v. Bd. Of Education
• Segregated schools are unconstitutional
Black School White School
Plessy v. Ferguson
• States could segregate the races if “separate but equal” facilities were provided.
= Black School
White School
• Prohibited racial discrimination by those who provide goods, services, and facilities to the public
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
Atlanta
Univ. Cal vs. Bakke
• Race is one characteristic that can be considered for college admission; but quota systems are unconstitutional
Roe v. Wade
• The right to privacy encompasses a woman’s right to abortion
Reed v. Reed
• Discrimination on the basis of sex violates the constitution
VS.
Bill of Rights• Be sure to know the 2nd, 4th, 6th, 7th, and
8th Amendments to the Constitution.
• Be able to list the 5 freedoms guaranteed by the 1st Amendment
• List 5 protections from the 5th Amend.
Miscellaneous
• Know the 14th Amendment and it’s importance.
• Name the 4 parts of the Miranda Act
• The name of the first 10 Amendments
• Equal Access Act
Vocabulary
• Exclusionary Rule (Mapp v. Ohio)
• Libel
• Slander
• Shield law
• Double jeopardy
• Eminent domain
• Prior restraint (NY Times v. US)
• Incorporation (Gitlow v. NY)
• Precedent
• Symbolic speech
• Gag order
• Pure speech
• “fighting words”- insults to provoke violence
• Seditious speech
• Human rights
• sequester