ABC Book

AAbolitionism- the movement to end slavery.

Anti-Federalist- Support the ratification of the Constitution.

BBrown, John- Militant Abolonist who led raid at Harper’s Ferry.

Bleeding Kansas- Conflict between proslavery and anti-slavery people in Kansas from 1854-1859.

CCalhoun, John C.- Vice president of U.S; created a doctrine of nullification which said that a state could decide if a law was Constitutional.

Confederation- Untied in a league, alliance or Conspiracy

DDortheia Dix- Reformer who fought to improve the care of the mentally ill.

Dawes Act- Indian policy that broke up reservations into individual land plots.

EEli Whitney- Invented the cotton gin and interchangeable parts.

Establishing Colonies- Religious and Political Freedom.

FFederalist- Support the ratification of the constitution.

Federalism- Power of the government.

GGadsden Purchase- Land purchased from Mexico In used to complete the transcontinental railroad.

Gibbous v. Odgen- Said that federal government had the power to regulate trade between states.

H

Hutchinson, Anne- Banished form Massachusetts colony; one of the founders of Rhode Island.

Homestead Act- Law that a person could Claim 160 acres of land in the western territory.

IIndividual Rights- the first 10 amendments of the constitution protect individual rights against the power of the government

Industrialization- An economy that begins to be based on factories rather than farming.

JJohn Peter Zenger- Journalist; his trail helped establish idea of freedom of the press.

John Deere- Inventor of the steel plow.

KKansas Nebraska act- All were examples of the government compromises that actually spread slavery Further in the country.

King George III- King of England during the American Revolution.

LLimited Government- placed strict limits on government to protect the people.

Lincoln, Abraham- President of the United States during the Civil War.

MMorril Act- land grant that established agricultural universities.

Mercantilism- Economic system in which England controlled trade of the colonies.

NNorthwest Ordinance- established government for the Northwest Territory and described how a territory becomes a state.

Nullification Compromise- Henry Clays compromise to end the nullification crisis when the tariff would be lowered over a 10 year period.

OOrdinance- a law or regulation.

Override- to overturn or defeat, as a bill proposed in congress.

PPopular Sovereignty- Means the government was created by the people in order to govern themselves.

Public Education- Between 1830-1850 many northern states opened free public schools.

QQuakers- Anti-Slavery movement of women rights and individuals.

Quincy Adams, John- 6th President member of congress & Favored strong Nationalism against states rights and opposed the pro slavery messages of John C. Calhoun.

RRalph Waldo Emerson- Writer and poet; popularized the idea of transcendentalism.

Reconstruction- The reorganization and rebuilding of the former confederate states after the Civil War.

SSuffrage- the right to Vote.

Secession- to withdraw formally from an alliance federalization or association as from a political union a religious organization etc.

TTranscendentalism- a philosophy emphasizing the spiritual importance in life over the material importance.

Transcontinial Railroad- Railroad line that linked the well developed railway network of the east coast with rapidly growing California.

UUrbanization- Social process where cities grow and societies become more urban.

Unalienable Rights- Rights that cannot or should not be taken away by a government because they are given by God.

VVirtue- the Quality of doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong.

Virginia Plan- the Virginia Plan each state would have a different number of representatives based on state population .

WWilliam Blackstone- Gave the 1st university lectures on English Common Law.

Wentworth Chesswell- Educated African American patriot made the same midnight ride as Paul Revere were warning that the British were coming.

XXyz Affair

YYorktown- Last major Battle of the war.

Yankee- Union Soldier.

ZZenger, John Peter- Journalist; his trail helped establish idea of freedom of the press.