Abhi Ppt on Recorders

8/11/2019 Abhi Ppt on Recorders

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Recorders

Prepared by -:SANJAY VERMA

RAJESH KUMAR

ABHISHEK KUMAR MISHRA

UNDER GUIDANCE OF

Mr. RAM MURAT SINGH


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Recorders

Definitation -: It gives graphicalrecord of history of measurements ofsome physical events.


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Necessity of Recorders

To have a permanent record forinvestigation.

Recorder record electrical and non-electrical quantities as a function oftime.

Electrical quantities such as voltage,

current can be recorded directly

Non-electrical quantities recordedindirectly using transducers.


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Classification of Recorders

Recorders

Analog Recorders It is used whenwhole system is analog type.

Digital Recorders It is used whensystem has a digital output


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Analog Recorder

Graphic Recorder :It display & store apen and ink record of the history of somephysical event.

Oscillographic Recorder (UV Recorder)-:This recorder uses UV light as a source &paper sensitive to UV light is used forrecording

Magnetic Tape Recorder :In thiselectrical input signal is stored in magneticmemory & this signal can be reproducedwhenever desired


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Graphic Recorder

Strip Chart Recorder -:It recordsone or more variable with respect totime. It is an X-t recorder.

X-Y Recorder -:It records one ormore dependent variable with respectto an independent variable


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Strip Chart Recorder

Galvanometer Type Recorder -:Itoperate on galvanometer deflectionprinciple.

Null Type Recorder -: It operateson comparison principle.


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Null Type Recorder

Potentiometric Type Recorder

Bridge Recorder

LVDT Recorder


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Types of Recorder(according to Points)

Single Point Recorder -:It recordonly one measured variable, it drawsingle continuous curve.

Multipoint Recorder -:It recordmore than one variable upto six

variable. It has maximum four pens,it has maximum 24 inputs, it hasmax. 6 colors


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X-Y Recorder(Plotter)

Definition X-Y recorder is an inst.Which gives a graphic record ofrelationship b/w two variables


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First Method First variable control theposition of the roll(paper)in Y-directionwhile second variable control the position

of the recording pen(stylus) in X-direction

Second Method First variable movesthe stylus in X-direction while another

variable moves stylus in Y-direction atright to X-direction, here paper remainstationary

Method of operation of XY-Plotter


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X-Y Recorder


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X-Y Recorder Features

It have sensitivity of 10v/mm

Slewing speed of 1.5m/sec.

Frequency response about 6Hz forboth axis

Chart size is 250*180mm

Accuracy is about 0.3%


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Applications

Plotting the curves of vaccum tube,zener diode, rectifiers etc

Speed torque curves of motors

Resistance vs temp graph

Mechanical measurements

Regulation curves of power supply


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XY recorder


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XY recorder


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Galvanometer type


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Magnetic Recorders

ByMr. Rajesh Kumar Goyal


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Magnetic Recorder

A magnetic Recorder is used torecord data from electrical to

magnetic form and retrieved orreproduced the same data inelectrical form again and again


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Magnetic Recorders


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Type of magnetic Recorders

There are two types of magneticrecorders

Magnetic tape recorders Magnetic disk recorders


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Features

It have a wide frequency range fromDC to several MHz

It have wide magnitude upto 50 db It have low distortion

It stores electrical i/p signals inmagnetic form

It reproduce signal from magneticform to electrical signal


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Features cntd.

Magnetic tape/disk can be used to erase olddata and reused to record new set of data

It permits multi channel recording

Data may be recorded as fast as speed of(1.5 to 3.05 m/sec)

Data can be retrieved as low as speed of(4.76 to 2.38 cm/sec)

Both analog as well as digital signals can berecord.


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Basic Components of magneticTape/disk Recorder

Recording Head-

The construction ofmagnetic head is similar to

that of a transformerhaving a toroidal core witha coil. A fine air gap oflength 5-15 micro meter is

shunted by passing amagnetic tape/disk


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Component cntd.

Magnetic Tape/disk

Magnetic tape/disk is composed of a

coating of fine magnetic iron oxideparticles (Fe2O3)on a plasticribbon/disk. A typical tape is 12.7mm wide and 25.micro meter thick.

The magnetic particles conform tomagnetic pattern induced in themand retain it.


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Component cntd.

Reproducing Head-

The reproducing head detects the

magnetic pattern stored on thetape/disk and converts it back tooriginal electrical signal. Thereproducing head is similar in

appearance to that of a recordinghead.


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Component cntd.

Tape/disk Transport Mechanism-

This mechanism moves the tape along the recordingor the reproducing heads at a constant speed. The

tape mechanism must be capable of handling thetape/disk during various modes of operation withoutstraining, distorting or wearing the tape. Thisrequires that the mechanism must use arrangementsto guide the tape/disk to magnetic heads with great

precision, maintaining proper tension and obtainsufficient tape/disk to magnetic head contact.Arrangement for fast winding and reversing are alsoprovided.


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Tape transport mechanism


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Component cntd.

Signal Conditioning Devices-

These devices consist of amplifiers andfilters required for modifying thesignal to a format that can berecorded on a tape/disk, reproduceddata from the tape/disk


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Working of magnetic recorders

When Magnetic Tape/disk is passed through a recordinghead, A recording current in the coil causes a flux of thesame shape to bridge air gap and hence to pass throughmagnetic tape/disk, there by magnetizing the iron oxide

particles as the pass the gap. The state of magnetizationof the oxide as it leaves the air gap is retained, thus theactual recording takes place at the trailing edge of thegap.

The same tape/disk when passed through a reproduce or

playback head produce variations in reluctance of thewinding there by inducing a voltage in the windingdependent upon the direction of magnetization and itsmagnitude on the magnetic tape/disk.


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Methods of recording

Direct recording

Frequency modulated recording (FMRecording)

Pulse duration modulation (PDM)Recording)


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Direct recording

It is simplest method of recording,usually required one tape/disk track

for each channel. The signal to berecorded is amplified and mixed with ahigh frequency bias and fed directly tothe recording head as a varying

electric current.


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Frequency modulatedrecording (FM Recording)

Frequency modulation (FM) as thename implies uses the variation offrequency of carrier signal to carry

the desired information instead ofvarying amplitude


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Pulse duration modulation(PDM) Recording)

Pulse duration modulation method ofrecording is allow simultaneousrecording of large no. of slowlychanging signals by using time divisionmultiplexing (TDM)


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Applications

In Instrumentation systems

In Banking sector

In Music Industries etc.


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Ultraviolet Recorder

By-:Abhishek Kumar Mishra


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Ultraviolet Recorders are basicallyelectromechanical oscillographicrecorder

This is a modified version of Duddelsmultichannel oscillographs


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This recorder consist of no. of galvanometer(moving coil) elements mounted in a singlemagnet block which reduce the size and cost

In place of white light UV light is used as asource

A paper sensitive to UV light is used forproducing a trace for recording

The UV light is projected on paper with thehelp of mirror attached to the moving coil


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Applications

Used for signal dc & ac signal havingfundamental frequency upto 400 to500 Hz

Recording of high frequency i/p ispossible if recorder with high paperspeed of about 10 m/sec are available

It is widely used as recorder forresearch and industry


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It records one or more variable withrespect to time.

It is an X variable with respect to timerecorder


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It consist of a long role of graphpaper moving vertically

The speed selector of paper drivingsystem is available with 1 to 100mm/sec select manually

Stylus for marking is moving on

graph paper, horizontally proportionalto quantity being recorded


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Components of Strip ChartRecorder

Paper Drive System

Marking Mechanism

(a) Marking with ink filled stylus(b) Marking with heated stylus

Tracing Mechanism

(a)Curvilinear System(b)Rectilinear System


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Drawback of Strip ChartRecorder

Ink related problem in stylus i.e.viscosity, discontinuity, spotting

Appearance of graph is depend onpaper quality

It unable to provide relationship b/wtwo variables


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Strip chart type


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Digital Data Logger

Strip chart recorder is replaced by digitaldatalogger

It is an electronic device that records data

over time with a built in instrument orsensor or via external instruments andsensors

They generally are small, battery powered,portable, and equipped with amicroprocessor, internal memory for datastorage, and sensors


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Digital Data Logger


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Digital Data Logger


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Significance

data loggers interface with a personalcomputer and utilize software toactivate the data logger and view and

analyze the collected data

One of the primary benefits of usingdata loggers is the ability to

automatically collect data on a 24-hour basis


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Significance

Upon activation, data loggers aretypically deployed and leftunattended to measure and record

information for the duration of themonitoring period


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Application

It is used as a data acquisitionsystem

a comprehensive, accurate picture ofthe environmental conditions beingmonitored, such as air temperatureand relative humidity

Used in ISRO, DRDO for dataprocessing application


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Applications

Unattended weather station recording

Unattended soil moisture levelrecording.

Unattended gas pressure recording.

Road traffic counting.

Tank level monitoring.

Water level monitoring forgroundwater studies.


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References

www.google.com

www.wikiepedia.com

Electrical & Electronics Measurement& Instrumentation By A.K.Sawhney

Measurement Systems, Applications &Design By E.O.Doeblin
http://www.google.com/http://www.wikiepedia.com/http://www.wikiepedia.com/http://www.google.com/


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Date post:	02-Jun-2018
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