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Electrical Network:Electrical Network:Selectivity and Protection PlanSelectivity and Protection Plan

José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCONTS–EL GroupTS–EL Group 22 January 200722 January 2007

IntroductionIntroduction SelectivitySelectivity CERN HV electricalCERN HV electrical 2929thth July 2006 July 2006 Selectivity at CERNSelectivity at CERN Project PlanningProject Planning

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

SummarySummary

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

IntroductionIntroduction

SwitchgearSwitchgear

ProtectedProtectedareaarea

Protective Protective relayrelay

MeasurementMeasurement

OrderOrder

SensorSensor

SourceSource

Protection systemProtection system in the electrical in the electrical networknetwork

Switchgear: in charge of clearing faults Sensors: providing measurements to detect faults Protective relays: processing measurements and

ordering to clear faults

Why protection system is neededWhy protection system is needed Personnel safety against electrical hazards Avoid equipment stress: thermal, electrical and

mechanical damages Assure network stability Clear electrical faults and maintain service

continuity

Features of protection systemFeatures of protection system Fast Reliable Selective

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

IntroductionIntroduction

DefinitionDefinition Discrimination between protection systems,

isolating a faulty area of the electrical network as quickly as possible and leaving all the fault-free areas energized

How to doHow to do Time based discrimination Current based discrimination Logic discrimination Directional protection discrimination Differential protection discrimination Combined

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

SelectivitySelectivity

ParametersParameters The complexity and size of the electrical network Network architecture Existing sources and their response in the event of a fault Operating time of each protection system Backup time Compromise continuity of service vs. degree of protection

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

SelectivitySelectivity

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

Selectivity: examplesSelectivity: examples

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Radial Radial distributiondistribution Loop distribution (ex.: Loop distribution (ex.:

SPS)SPS)

ComplexityComplexity Voltage levels: 400kV, 130kV, 66kV, 20kV, 18kV and

3,3kV 94 HV substations: 38 LHC, 26 SPS and 30 Meyrin 4 sources: EDF (400kV & 20kV), EOS and Diesel

Generators 3 different interconnected networks by site:

o LHC: Machine, General Services and Safety (Assured)o SPS: Pulsed, Stable and Safety (Assured)o Meyrin: Pulsed, General Services and Safety (Assured)

Sites interconnected by 18kV links Power flow direction depending on the configuration About 1,000 protective relays and switchgears Compensators and harmonic filters Diversity of loads: pumps, converters, dipoles,

transformers, compressors Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

CERN HV Electrical NetworkCERN HV Electrical Network

Protection systemProtection system Switchgears from all ages : specific clearing time

for each generation Different technologies in protective relays

40% digital, 40% electronics and 20% electromechanical

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

CERN HV Electrical NetworkCERN HV Electrical Network

1 ph. fault detected in neutral reactance 3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

2929thth July 2006 (I) July 2006 (I)EDF- 400 kV

EOS - 130 kV

ME10 – 18kV

ME9 – 18kV

SEM12 – 18kV

BE9 – 18kV

SEH9 – 66kV

EHD27

201

412

200

901 900

701

209

800

114

311 104 204 210 304

EHD21

801

LHC LOOP

ASS HALL

N.A. LOOP

SPS LOOP

....

MEYRIN SITE

EHT7/E966/18 kV70 MVA

EHT102/1E66/18kV70MVA

T5400/66 kV110 MVA

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EHT612/1E130/18 kV

60 MVA

Earthing transformer !

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11stst fault events fault events

Protections trip 66kV and 130kV sources

EDF- 400 kV

EOS - 130 kV

ME10 – 18kV

ME9 – 18kV

SEM12 – 18kV

BE9 – 18kV

SEH9 – 66kV

EHD27

201

412

200

901 900

701

209

800

114

311 104 204 210 304

EHD21

801

LHC LOOP

ASS HALL

N.A. LOOP

SPS LOOP

....

MEYRIN SITE

EHT7/E966/18 kV70 MVA

EHT102/1E66/18kV70MVA

T5400/66 kV110 MVA

802

EHT612/1E130/18 kV

60 MVA

Earthing transformer

3 ph. detected by all prot. but blocked

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

2929thth July 2006 (II) July 2006 (II)

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22ndnd fault after “autotransfer system” fault after “autotransfer system”

Protection trips at 66kV source

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Power cutsPower cuts LHC General Services SPS Stable loop North Area Stable loop Meyrin site: West Area and PS, ISOLDE and

Administrative loops

After analyse of the eventAfter analyse of the event Difficult selectivity between 66kV and 18kV

levels Backup time not adapted for this scenario If selectivity, power cut reduced to the Meyrin

site and lower reestablishment timePrepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

2929thth July 2006: consequences July 2006: consequences

EDF- 400 kV

EOS - 130 kV

ME10 – 18kV

ME9 – 18kV

SEM12 – 18kV

BE9 – 18kV

SEH9 – 66kV

EHD27

201

412

200

901 900

701

209

800

114

311 104 204 210 304

EHD21

801

LHC LOOP

ASS HALL

N.A. LOOP

SPS LOOP

....

MEYRIN SITE

EHT7/E966/18 kV70 MVA

EHT102/1E66/18kV70MVA

T5400/66 kV110 MVA

802

EHT612/1E130/18 kV

60 MVA

Earthing transformer

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

2929thth July 2006: selective July 2006: selective

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Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

Selectivity at CERNSelectivity at CERN Implemented selectivityImplemented selectivity

400kV backup agreed with EDF LHC General Services and Machine SPS pulsed and stable loops PS, ISOLDE and Administrative loops

Non-selective areas Non-selective areas (tripping 66 kV)(tripping 66 kV) Autotransfert system (BE9, SEM12 and ME9 substations) West Area North Area LHC-1 and LHC-5 (in project)

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

Planning (I)Planning (I)

Activities in progressActivities in progress Catalogue of protective relays: 60% completed Short circuit calculations: under approval

Selectivity Phase 1 (April 2007)Selectivity Phase 1 (April 2007) Selectivity study for the non-selective areas Data base for all protective relays installed Provisional solution for the non-selective areas

Prepared by José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCON ATC/ABOC DaysATC/ABOC Days 22 January 2007

Planning (II)Planning (II)

Selectivity Phase 2 (January 2008)Selectivity Phase 2 (January 2008) Definitive solution for non-selective areas Complete selectivity map for main substations

and configurations Implementation Commissioning

Selectivity Phase 3 (in the course of Selectivity Phase 3 (in the course of 2008)2008)

Selectivity map for the whole CERN HV network Transient simulations for main substations (BE,

BE9, ME10, ME9, SEM12)

ABOC/ATC daysABOC/ATC days

Electrical Network:Electrical Network:Selectivity and Protection PlanSelectivity and Protection Plan

José Carlos GASCONJosé Carlos GASCONTS–EL GroupTS–EL Group 22 January 200722 January 2007

Questions?Questions?