Abstract Book

ABSTRACTABSTRACTBOOKBOOKABSTRACTBOOKABSTRACTABSTRACTBOOKBOOKABSTRACTBOOK

st1 Annual Conference of

Association of Pharmaceutical Teachers of IndiaHaryana State Branch

PHARMACEUTICS

S. NO. PAPER

CODE

AUTHOR TITLE

1. PCEU-2 PAARAS GUPTA SOLID DISPERSION FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF GLIMEPIRIDE

2. PCEU-3 IPSHITA MENON PHOSPHOLIPID AND MACROGOL BASED MIXED NANOMICELLES ENHANCE

ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF MELOXICAM

3. PCEU-4 ANKITA KAPOOR HYDROPHOBIC DRUG KETOPROFEN IN TOPICAL EMULGEL

4. PCEU-5 AKSHAY SHAH FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NANOSIZED ETHOSOMES FOR ENHANCED

TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE

5. PCEU-6 MAHMOOD SHAIKH OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL ALGINATE-CHITOSAN

NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING PAYLOAD OF ANTI TUBERCULAR DRUG

CYCLOSERINE

6. PCEU-7 SUSHIL NAGAR MICROBIALLY SYNTHESIZED HIGH-QUALITY NANOSTRUCTURES FOR DRUG

DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A GREEN SYNTHESIS APPROACH

7. PCEU-10 SUSHAMA

TALEGAONKAR

LONG CIRCULATING SURFACE DECORATED LIPOSOMES FOR EFFICIENT

TREATMENT OF MDR CANCER

8. PCEU-11 PRIYANKA VERMA EFFECT OF POLYMERS ON SOLID DISPERSIONS OF ACECLOFENAC

9. PCEU-13 LOKESHSADANA NATURAL POLYMERS BASEDMAGNETIC MICROSPHERES AS A EFFECTIVE TOOL

FOR CHRONIC DISEASE

10. PCEU-14 RAJNI BALA CARBON NANOTUBES AS A DRUG DELIEVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW

11. PCEU-15 BHUPINDER KAUR FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF ORO-DISPERSIBLE PECTIN-HPMCE15LV FILMS

OF PROPANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE

12. PCEU-16 JATINDER KUMAR CHRONOTHERAPEUTIC DRUG DELIVERY OF PECTIN, GUAR GUM AND OKRA GUM

CONTROLLED RELEASE COLON TARGETED DIRECTLY COMPRESSED

PROPRANOLOL HCL MATRIX TABLETS AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION

13. PCEU-17 MANDEEP SINGH FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORO-DISPERSIBLE TABLETS FOR ANTI-

DEPRESSENT DRUG CITALOPRAM HYDROBROMIDE

14. PCEU-18 NARINDER KUMAR FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ONDANSETRON MOUTH DISSOLVING

TABLETS BY USING STARCH CITRATE VS CONVENTIONAL SUPERDISINTEGRANTS

AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION

15. PCEU-19 SANDEEP KAUR A STUDY ON HPMC K4M AND CARBOPOL 940 BASED AMOXICILLIN TRIHYDRATE

FLOATING TABLETS AND IN VITRO EVALUATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF

H.PYLORI INFECTION

16. PCEU-20 TEJPAL SINGH IMPROVEMENT OF DISSOLUTION PROFILES OF WATER INSOLUBLE DRUG

ITRACONAZOLE USING CRYSTALLINE AND AMORPHOUS CARRIER

17. PCEU-21 GARIMA SINGH SOLID SMEDDS AS POTENTIAL CARRIER FOR NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

18. PCEU-22 PRIYA RANI APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY FOR POLYMER GRAFTING

19. PCEU-23 GURPREET KAUR PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING TABLETS OF AN

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG

20. PCEU-24 PRIYANKA YADAV FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE TABLETS USING

COMBINATION OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC POLYMERS

21. PCEU-25 AJAY SAROHA DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF TIMOLOL MALEATE LOADED CHITOSAN

NANOPATICLES FOR OCULAR DELIVERY

22. PCEU-26 ISHA DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS OF

CEFUROXIME AXETIL

23. PCEU-27 MANIK GOEL MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF NANO-PARTICLES AS CARRIERS FOR VARIOUS

THERAPIES

24. PCEU-28 PRITI GIROTRA DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SILYMARIN NANOPARTICLES FOR ENHANCED

HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY

25. PCEU-29 NANCY ACCELERATED STABILITY STUDY OF SHANKHPUSHPI AND BRAHMI SYRUP

26. PCEU-30 RAMIKA HARDATT INVESTIGATIONS ON SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT VIA SOLID DISPERSIONS USING

MODIFIED NOVEL CARRIERS

27. PCEU-31 DIVYA SELF EMULSIFYING SOLUTIONS : IMPROVING BIOAVAILABILITY OF BCS CLASS II

DRUGS

28. PCEU-33 NEHA KHAR PRONIOSOMES:-A PREFERABLE CARRIER FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

29. PCEU-34 RAMI RANI FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES ON AZILSARTAN

30. PCEU-35 VANEETPAL

KHURANA

FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES ON FLUPIRITINE MALEATE

31. PCEU-36 ANKITA

BHARDWAJ

DIFFERENT METHODS OF ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILIZATION AND

BIOAVAILABILITY OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS

32. PCEU-37 NEETA NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CANCER TREATMENT

33. PCEU-39 PRIYA NANOTECHNOLOGY AS A THERAPEUTIC TOOL TOCOMBAT MICROBIAL

RESISTANCE

34. PCEU-40 DAISY ARORA INSULIN LOADED BILOSOMES FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS

35. PCEU-41 BHARAT KHURANA DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AMPHOTERICIN B LOADED

ETHOSOMES FOR THE ENHANCED TREATMENT OF TOPICAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS

36. PCEU-42 GURMEET SINGH DEGRADATION PRODUCT PROFILING OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE USING MSN, LC-

ESI-MS-TOF AND LC-PDA TECHNIQUES

37. PCEU-43 GOURAV NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY TO THE BRAIN

38. PCEU-44 S.K.GUPTA FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ENTERIC COATED MULTIPARTICULATE

SYSTEMS OF ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM

39. PCEU-45 S.K.GUPTA QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF NSAID’S ANTIPLATELET AGENT

IN GASTRORESISTANT FORMULATION

40. PCEU-46 JASMINE NOVEL RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF PARACETAMOL

AND PROMETHAZINE IN SYRUP FORMULATIONS.

41. PCEU-47 KOMAL NANOPARTICLES: NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR CANCER

42. PCEU-48 RAJNI DEVI TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

43. PCEU-49 MOHINI SHARMA NATURAL THERAPY BASED ON NATURAL POLYMERS USED FOR COLONIC

DISEASES

44. PCEU-50 ASHISH SINGLE DEVELOPMENT & CHARACTERIZATION OF LOSARTAN LOADED FLOATING

GASTRORETENTIVE MICROSPHERES

45. PCEU-51 SWATI AGGARWAL AN OVERVIEW ON SELF-ASSEMBLED NANOPARTICULATE CARRIER SYSTEM:

AQUASOMES

46. PCEU-52 DIVYA BHATIA SCREENING OF DIFFERENT GROWTH MEDIUM FOR EXTRACELLULAR BACTERIAL

SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES: NEW METHOD

47. PCEU-53 ANSHUL GARG DENDRIMERS : A PROMISING NANODEVICES FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY

48. PCEU-54 YUGUM TANEJA NIOSOMES: A POTENTIAL VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

49. PCEU-55 SWATI KODAN ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF GREEN SYNTHESIS SILVER NANOPARTICLES

AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS

50. PCEU-56 PARVEEN KUMAR NEW HORIZONS IN THE VISTAS OF MICROEMULSIONS FOR IMPROVED

DRUG DELIVERY

51. PCEU-57 PARIJAT PANDEY NANOPARTICLES-IN-MICROPARTICLES SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW

52. PCEU-59 HIMANSHU ROLE OF TASTE AND TECHNIQUS OF TASTE MASKING OF BITTER DRUG

53. PCEU-60 KOMAL GOSWAMI FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN SUSTAINED RELEASE

TABLET

54. PCEU-61 NEELAM POONIA PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIERS

BASED TOPICAL DELIVERY OF DICLOFENAC

55. PCEU-62 ATUL ATTRI TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

56. PCEU-63 POKALI

SARABAIAH

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR

DOMPERIDONE

57. PCEU-64 PRITI

MEHNDIRATTA

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET OF

AMLODIPINE

58. PCEU-65 RAHUL RATHEE MICROPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

59. PCEU-66 UPMA FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR

FAMOTIDINE

60. PCEU-67 SANDEEP KUMAR TARGETING IMMUNE SYSTEM BY NANOPARTICLES TO COMBAT CANCER

61. PCEU-68 RAJESH KUMAR TRANSFERSOME: A NOVEL TRANSDERMAL CARRIER SYSTEM

62. PCEU-69 JYOTI DAHIYA GASTRIC RETENTION: AN APPROACH TO ORAL CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY

SYSTEM

63. PCEU-70 H. S. CHAWDA GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A POTENTIAL APPROACH FOR

GASTRIC RETENTION

64. PCEU-71 MONA PIPLANI TARGETED PRODRUG STRATEGY FOR OPTIMIZED DRUG DELIVERY

65. PCEU-72 ARCHANA

KAUSHIK

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SILYBUM MARIANUM LOADED

MICROSPONGES

66. PCEU-73 BINKATESH

KUMAR

A REVIEW: FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

67. PCEU-74 SARIT DHIMAN NOVEL TRENDS IN PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY

68. PCEU-76 HIMMAT SINGH FORMULATION & EVALUATION OF NIMESULIDE ENTRAPPED NIOSOMES

69. PCEU-78 VIPUL GOGAR FORMULATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLET USINGHYDROPLILIC

AND HYDROPHOBIC POLYMERS

70. PCEU-79 KIRAN YADAV RECENT ADVANCES AND NOVEL STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF

NANOPARTICLE BASED THERANOSTICS

71. PCEU-80 RAMNARESH COMPARATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY OF KETOPROFEN PREPARED BY SOLID

UNIYAL DISPERSION, BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN COPLEXATION AND SOLID SMEDDS

72. PCEU-81 SANDEEP KUMAR FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED GASTRO

RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS OF SIMVASTATIN

73. PCEU-82 NIKHIL SINGH FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE REALEASE TABLET OF

OLMESARTAN HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE USING WET GRANULATION METHOD

74. PCEU-83 SANJAY KUMAR

PANDEY

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL TABLETS

CONTAINING ANTI MIGRANT AGENT

75. PCEU-84 NARESH KALRA SENSITIVE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE

DETERMINATION OF TAXOL CATEGORY DRUG IN PLASMA.

76. PCEU-85 SHASHIKANT

BHATT

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RESPERIDONE LOADED NANOPARTICLES

77. PCEU-86 UDAY PRAKASH

MISHRA

COMPARATIVE STUDY AS FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VARIOUS TASTE

MASKING COMPLEXES OF ROXITHROMYCIN DISPERSIBLE TABLET

78. PCEU-87 ABHINAV SINGH

RANA

A REVIEW ON INSOLUBLE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY

79. PCEU-88 PRIYA RANI APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY FOR POLYMER GRAFTING

80. PCEU-89 SURENDRA

BHAMBU

SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TECHNOLOGY AND RECENT ADVANCE IN MATRIX

DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

81. PCEU-90 BHASKAR BARSAR CONTROLLED RELEASE ION EXCHANGE RESIN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM AND

RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN ION EXCHANGE RESIN DELIVERY SYSTEM

82. PCEU-91 SHREERAM

BANGARWA

DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIFUNGAL GEL OF

CLOTRIMAZOLE

83. PCEU-92 SOHAN LAL MATRIX TABLETS: AN APPROACH TOWARDS ORAL EXTENDED RELEASE DRUG

DELIVERY

84. PCEU-93 SHUBHANGI

CHAUHAN

MITOCHONDRIA TARGETTED ANTIOXIDANTS

85. PCEU-94 DEEPU PURI SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TECHNOLOGY AND RECENT ADVANCE IN

MATRIX DRUG DELIVERY

SYSTEM

86. PCEU-95 DEEPIKA

AGGARWAL

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER AND GUAR GUM

NANOPARTICLES

87. PCEU-96 SUDHIR KUMAR STUDY OF DISSOLUTION RATE PROFILE OF MODIFIED RELEASE PELLETS

CONTAINING VENLAFAXINE HYDROCHLORIDE

88. PCEU-97 PRIYANKA

KRIPLANI

CHRONOPHARMACEUTICS - A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DRUG DELIVERY

PHARMACOLOGY

S. NO PAPER

CODE

AUTHOR TITLE

1. PCL-1 PAWAN KAUSHIK ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND Α-AMYLASE ACTIVITY OF QUERCITIN

FROM PINUSROXBURGHII

2. PCL-2 RITU MAHAJAN ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS LEAF EXTRACTS OF BLUMEASPECIES

3. PCL-3 MOHIT DRUG-RESISTANT MALARIA IN SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES: A REVIEW OF

EVIDENCE AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF NANOMEDICINE BASED STRATEGIES FOR

PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT

4. PCL-4 ASHOK JANGRA SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE, A HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR, PROTECTS

AGAINST CHRONIC ETHANOL-INDUCED COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION AND

ALTERATION IN HIPPOCAMPAL BNDF EXPRESSION LEVEL

5. PCL-6 ANITA DUA INDIAN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA) REMNANT AFTER OIL EXTRACTION

PROTECT BIOMOLECULES AGAINSTINVITRO OXIDATION

6. PCL-7 KARTIK SHARMA ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF DEGLYCYRRHIZINIZEDLIQUORICE

7. PCL-8 PARUL POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PPAR-ALPHA AGONIST AND CCBS AGAINST 3-

NP INDUCED HD

8. PCL-9 RUPINDER KAUR EFFECT OF GINSENG AGAINST HALOPERIDOL INDUCED OROFACIAL DYSKINESIA

9. PCL-10 UMA JYOTI EFFECT OF DPP-IV INHIBITOR ON EXPERIMENTAL ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION

10. PCL-11 GURMEETKAUR EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE AGAINST EXPERIMENTAL PARKINSON’S DISEASE

11. PCL-12 ARSHVIRKAUR EFFECT OF ETHYL ACETATE STEM BARKFRACTION OF BETULAALNOIDES

AGAINST MPTP- INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN RAT

12. PCL-13 GANESHSINGH

BHAKUNI

HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT HERBAL DRUGS AGAINST HIGH FAT DIET AND

ALCOHOL INDUCE HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS: POSSIBLE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT

13. PCL-14 NAVNEETKAUR ROLE OF HEMEOXYGENASE-1/GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE-3Β PATHWAY IN 3-

NITROPROPIONIC ACID INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS

14. PCL-15 PRIYAJASWAL FRACTIONS OF BUTEAMONOSPERMA LEAF ATTENUATE MPTP-INDUCED

BEHAVIORAL MOTOR DEFICIT AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RATS

15. PCL-16 SWATI DATTA POSSIBLE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED

RECEPTOR (PPAR) - Α AND Γ AGONIST AGAINST A RAT MODEL OF ORAL

DYSKINESIA

16. PCL-17 TAVLEENKAUR ROLE OF FXR/H2S PATHWAY IN DINITRO BENZENE SULFONIC ACID (DNBS) -

INDUCED ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN RATS

17. PCL-18 VANDANA BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR ANALOG AS ANTI-

ARTHRITIC AND ANTI-OSTEOPOROTIC IN CFA INDUCED OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

18. PCL-19 PARAMDEEP SINGH EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTY OF COMBINED THERAPY

OF CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONIST SCOPOLAMINE AND VENLAFAXINE IN RATS.

19. PCL-20 ANKUR GERA REVIVAL OF THALIDOMIDE TRANSFORMS IT INTO A VERSATILE NOVEL

THERAPEUTIC AGENT

20. PCL-21 KAPIL SWATI SLEEPAPNOEA:“LIFE THREATENING BUT LIMITED AWARENESS”

21. PCL-22 DEEPIKADEOPA DIABETIC WOUND CARE AND MANAGEMENT

22. PCL-23 JASMINA AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS AND ALTERNATE THERAPIES

23. PCL-24 SIDDHARTH

SHARMA

SIGMA RECEPTORS- A MILESTONE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROPSYCHIATRIC

DISORDERS

24. PCL-25 SUMIT SACHDEVA ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICALLY USED PLANTS FOR MALARIA TREATMENT IN

NORTHERN INDIA

25. PCL-26 RAHUL GUPTA NUTRACEUTICALS ANTIOXIDANTS EFFECTS ON PESTICIDE TOXICITY STUDIES

26. PCL-27 ANKUR GARG DIETING IN OBESITY: IS IT REALLY EFFECTIVE?

27. PCL-28 AMANDEEP THAKUR CHEMOTHERAPY AND IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR TUBERCULOSIS

28. PCL-29 PRIYA JASWAL PARKINSONISM- A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDER

29. PCL-30 RIYA THAKUR GOUT: A COMMON FORM OF ARTHRITIS

30. PCL-31 SHIV KANT SHARMA HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF MALATHION TREATED INTESTINE IN WISTAR RATS

31. PCL-32 NEERAJ GILHOTRA ELEVATED TUNNEL MAZE : INDIA’S OWN MAZE FOR MEASUREMENT OF ANXIETY

32. PCL-33 SEZAL DIMINISHED ANTI-ANXIETY EFFECT OF DIAZEPAM IN STRESSED MICE UNDER

INFLUENCE OF P38MAPKINASE

33. PCL-34 AJMER SINGH ALDOSE REDUCTASE INHIBITORS FOR MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC

GREWAL COMPLICATIONS

34. PCL-35 BHAWNA VAISH DOTS THERAPY FOR TUBERCULOSIS

35. PCL-36 MINAKSHI GUPTA ADVANCED THERAPIES IN CANCER TREATMENT: AN OVERVIEW

36. PCL-37 SEEMA CHOKAR POSSIBLE UNDERLYING INFLUENCE OF NF-ΚB IN THE DIMINISHED ANTI-ANXIETY

EFFECT OF DIAZEPAM IN STRESSED MICE

37. PCL-38 SANT LAL DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION BY NEUROCHEMICALS OF ANXIETY DISORDERS

38. PCL-39 SANDEEP KAUR DRUG INDUCED HEPATOXICITY

39. PCL-40 OJASHVI SHARMA RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS CAUSE’S AND TREATMENT: REVIEW

40. PCL-41 ABHISHEK DABRA PATHOGENESIS OF PEPTIC ULCER : A REVIEW

41. PCL-42 PRIYANKA PAHWA MEMORY ENHANCING POTENTIAL OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION: PLAUSIBLE

ROLE OF OXIDATIVE BIOMARKERS

42. PCL-43 NEETU STUDIES TO EXPLORE A COMPREHENSIVE POTENTIAL OF AGMATINE FOR THE

TREATMENT EPILEPSY AND ASSOCIATED COMORBIDITIES

43. PCL-44 NAVJOT KAUR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EPILEPTIC BEHAVIOURAL CO-MORBIDITIES IN

PENTYLENETETRAZOLE KINDLED AND KINDLING RESISTANT MICE.

44. PCL-45 VINESH MULTIPLE EXPOSURE TO DICHLORVOS AND MONOCROTOPHOS ON THE

BREATHING PATTERN AND RESPIRATORY VARIABLES IN RATS

45. PCL-46 SATBIR KAUR BOTTLE GOURD IS A NAURAL GUARD

46. PCL-47 KULDEEP VYAS RNA INTERFERENCE AND PERSONALIZED CANCER THERAPY

PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY

S. NO PAPER

CODE

AUTHOR TITLE

1. PCHEM-1 SAMRIDHI SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 3-(4-(2-(ARYL)-4-OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-

3-YL)PHENYL-2-PHENYLQUINAZOLIN-4(3H)-ONES

2. PCHEM-4 RUCHIKA GOYAL DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF CHALCONE-THIAZOLIDINONE HYBRIDS

FOR ANTICANCER ACTIVITY

3. PCHEM-5 SONIA KOHLI CHROMONEDERIVATIVES : AS ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENTS

4. PCHEM-6 NAVIDHA SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NEW SUBSTITUTED 2-(4-(5-

ARYLISOXAZOL-3-YL)PHENOXY)ACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES

5. PCHEM-7 MANISHA BISHNOI SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 2-(CHLOROMETHYL)-4-

PHENYLQUINOLINE-3-CARBOHYDRAZIDE DERIVATIVES

6. PCHEM-8 DEEPIKA PUROHIT 3D QSAR AND DOCKING STUDY OF 2-((PYRIDIN-3-YLOXY) METHYL)PIPERAZINES

AS Α7 NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR MODULATORS FOR THE

TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS

7. PCHEM-9 MUKIL KUMAR SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF N-(2-(ARYL)-4-OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-

3-YL)-2-(NAPTHALEN-2-YLOXY)PROPANAMIDES

8. PCHEM-

10

ANSHU PRABHA

SINGH

SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF SOME 5-(4-((2-SUBSTITUTED-4-OXOQUINAZOLIN-

3(4H)-YL)IMINO)METHYLBENZYLIDENE)-1,3-THIAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONE

DERIVATIVES FOR POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

9. PCHEM-

11

ABHISHEK SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF N-(2-(ARYL)-4-

OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-3-YL)-2-(2-(2-METHYL-5-NITRO-1H-IMIDAZOL-1-

YL)ETHOXY)ACETAMIDE

10. PCHEM-

12

SWARANDEEP

KOHLI

SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALAUTION OF BENZOXAZOLE-

COUMARIN DERIVATIVES AS SAFE ANTI-INLFAMMATORY AGENTS

11. PCHEM-

13

BABITA DEVI HYDROGEN SULFIDE RELEASING HYBRIDS – A NOVEL APPROACH

12. PCHEM-

14

DEEPIKA PALIWAL DESIGN, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND SYNTHESIS OF 2-(2-HYDRAZINYL)THIAZOLE

DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-MALARIAL AGENTS

13. PCHEM-

15

PRADEEP KUMAR HANSCH ANALYSIS OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF

SUBSTITUTED 1-ALKYL/ARYL-3-ETHOXY CARBONYL-5-HYDROXY-2-METHYL

INDOLES

14. PCHEM-

16

DEEPIKA SAINI DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF QUINOLINYL PYRAZOLES AS DUAL INHIBITOR OF

FALCIPAIN-2 & DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE FOR ANTIMALARIAL POTENTIAL

15. PCHEM-

17

AMAN THAKUR THE DISCOVERY OF LESS TOXIC NOVEL DPP-IV INHIBITORS: PHARMACOPHORE

MODELING, VIRTUAL SCREENING, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND IN SILICO ADMET

STUDIES

16. PCHEM-

18

DEEPIKA

CHAUDARY

MOLECULAR MODELING AND ADMET PREDICTION STUDIES OF NOVEL

BUTENOLIDES AS POTENTIAL INHIBITOR OF PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM L-

LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE

17. PCHEM-

19

SANJIV KUMAR SYNTHESIS, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTICANCER EVALUATION OF N-[2-(4-CHLORO-

PHENYL)-4-OXO-4H-QUINAZOLIN-3-YL]-2-{4-[2-(SUBSTITUTED PHENYLAMINO)-

ACETYL]-PIPERAZIN-1-YL}-ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES

18. PCHEM-

20

SAVITRI DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 1-AMINO-1, 8A-

DIHYDROQUINOLINE-2(4AH)-ONE DERIVATIVE

19. PCHEM-

21

MANISHA DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF N-SUBSTITUED-2-(1H-

BENZOTRIAZOL-1-YL) ACETOHYDRAZIDE DERIVATIVES

20. PCHEM-

22

SONAKSHI SETH THIAZOLIDINONES: THE VERSATILE PHARMACOPHORE OF MEDICINAL

SIGNIFICANCE

21. PCHEM-

23

ARCHANA SHARMA SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL IMIDAZOLE CLUBBED TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES

22. PCHEM-

24

RITIKA BHATIA SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF AMINO-BIPHENYL-3-

CARBALDEHYDE DERIVATIVES

23. PCHEM-

25

MANJU RANI QUINOLINE AS ANTIMALARIAL AGENTS: A REVIEW

24. PCHEM-

26

USHA RANI PYRAZOLE AND ITS DERIVATIVES OF ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIAL: A REVIEW

25. PCHEM-

27

VIKAS SHARMA PYRIDOACRIDINES AS NATURAL ANTICANCER LEAD COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW

26. PCHEM-

28

PANKAJ SARASWAT SYNTHESIS AND DISCOVERY OF NOVEL DISPIRO COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITORS OF

ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE.

27. PCHEM-

29

MOHD. ZAHEEN

HASSAN

SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PYRIMIDINE ANALOGUES AS

ANTICONVULSANT AGENTS

28. PCHEM-

30

VEERENDRA SAINI DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NEWER PYRAZOLINE

ANALOGUE

29. PCHEM-

31

KAVITA

CHOUDHARY

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NEWER PYRAZOLE

ANALOGUE

PHARMACOGNOSY

S. NO PAPER

CODE

AUTHOR TITLE

1. PCOG-1 GAURAV GUPTA STUDIES OF ANXIOLYTIC EFFECTS OF AN AYURVEDIC NANOMEDICINE “AKIK

BHASMA

2. PCOG-2 LOVEDEEP KUMAR EFFECT OF SUCCESSIVE LEAF EXTRACTS OF BASELLA ALBA IN GASTRIC ULCER

3. PCOG-3 DHRUV

SABHARWAL

MICROWAVE- ASSISTED EXTRACTION: NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR ISOLATION AND

EXTRACTION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS

4. PCOG-4 JASKARAN SINGH FLORASOLS/PHYTONIC EXTRACTION: AN ADVANCED TECHNIQUE

5. PCOG-5 ANDLEEB KAUR SEPERATION AND QUALITATIVE DETERMINATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM TETLEY

TEA.

6. PCOG-6 SONALI BATRA MAHANIMBIN: ANTIANXIETY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT CONSTITUENT OF MURRAYA

KOENIGII L. LEAVES

7. PCOG-7 JITENDER SINGH COMPARATIVE ANTIANXIETY EVALUATION OF ARGYREIA SPECIOSA LINN.

(ROOTS), CAESALPINIA DIGYNA ROTTLER (ROOTS) AND SPHAERANTHUS INDICUS

LINN. (FLOWERS)

8. PCOG-8 MEENU BHAN IONIC LIQUIDS BASED MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION- THE FUTURE OF

HERBAL EXTRACTION

9. PCOG-9 PREETI BANSAL MEDICINAL POTENTIAL OF THUJA ORIENTALIS (LINN.) FRANCHO

10. PCOG-10 UZMA AZEEM A MEDICINAL MUSHROOM PHELLINUS – AN OVERVIEW

11. PCOG-11 DEEPAK KUMAR MALTOL: THE ANALGESIC CONSTITUENT OF ABIES PINDROW ROYLE

12. PCOG-12 HASANDEEP SINGH PHARMACOGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF

ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS R. BR. LEAVES IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN.

13. PCOG-13 ISHTDEEP KAUR STABILITY STUDIES ON CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACTS

14. PCOG-14 KUSUM LATA FRUIT PEELS AS POTENTIAL ANTICANCER AGENTS

15. PCOG-15 LAVI RAJPUT PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY SCREENING STUDIES OF

ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS OF FICUS RELIGIOSA LINN.

16. PCOG-16 NITTYA K. DOGRA EVALUATION OF ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA L. ROOTS

17. PCOG-17 PRIYANKA MITTAL ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY INVESTIGATIONS ON A. PINDROW ROYLE AERIAL PARTS

18. PCOG-18 RAVINDER KAUR COMPARATIVE ANTI-ANXIETY EVALUATION OF TWO OCIMUM SPECIES

19. PCOG-19 SHIVANI THAKUR BIOACTIVITY DIRECTED ISOLATION OF ANTIANXIETY CONSTITUENT OF PINUS

ROXBURGHII SARG.

20. PCOG-20 HARPREET KAUR EVALUATION OF ANTI-ANXIETY AND ANTI-EPILEPTIC ACTIVITIES OF GREWIA

ASIATICA LEAVES

21. PCOG-21 SHANTI DEVI NATURAL IMMUNE MODULATORS

22. PCOG-22 NITIN VERMA EFFECT OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF ADIANTUM CAPILLUS-VENERIS ON COLD

IMMOBILIZATION STRESS INDUCED LIPID PEROXIDATION IN RATS

23. PCOG-24 DIKSHA SHARMA ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FRUIT PEEL OF

CITRUS LIMETTA VAR.MITHA

24. PCOG-25 AKASH JAIN HYPOLIPIDEMIC, HYPOGLYCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF JASMINUM

GRANDIFLORUM ETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED-

EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES

25. PCOG-26 KUSUM KAUSHIK SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION

26. PCOG-27 MANMOHAN

CHAUHAN

VALUE OF DIGITALIS IN HEART FAILURE

27. PCOG-28 SHIVANI DHIMAN MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION – A NOVEL PROMISING TECHNIQUE FOR

EXTRACTION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

28. PCOG-29 NAVNEET SHARMA A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE DRUG :-PANAX GINSENG

29. PCOG-30 SUPRIYA VERMA INCORPORATING HERBAL MEDICINE INTO CLINICAL PRACTICE

30. PCOG-31 SHALINI KANWAR MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION

31. PCOG-32 SUNIL SAHARAN VOLATILE OILS; A PRESICIOUS GIFT OF NATURE

32. PCOG-33 VANDANA

VALECHA

CRATAEVA NURVALA: A VALUABLE MEDICINAL PLANT

33. PCOG-34 CHETAN SHARMA EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF GLYCYRRHIZA

GLABRA LINN. ROOTS EXTRACTS

34. PCOG-35 KUNWAR ANTIDIABETIC HERBAL FORMULATIONS AVAILABLE IN MARKET

35. PCOG-36 RAJINDER MANN PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE LEAVES

OF CRYPTOLEPIS DUBIA (BURM.F.) M.R. ALMEDIA

36. PCOG-37 PRERNA SARUP CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS: A NOVEL TOOL FOR HERBAL DRUGS ANALYSIS

37. PCOG-38 SHASHIKANT

BHARDWAJ

HERBAL MEDICINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES

38. PCOG-39 DEEPAK

DHANKHAR

HERBAL COSMETICS: AN OVERVIEW

39. PCOG-40 PRAVEEN KUMAR

GOYAL

DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-STRESS MONO HERBAL FORMULATION OF WITHANIA

SOMNIFERA AND EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF EXCIPIENTS ON ITS DISSOLUTION

PROFILE

40. PCOG-41 ROMIKA EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM FRUIT

EXTRACTS AGAINST MICROBES ASSOCIATED WITH FRUIT JUICE

41. PCOG-42 VIKAS KUMAR LEAF-SPOT DISEASE OF TRIANTHEMA PORTULACASTRUM – A NEW RECORD FROM

WORLD

42. PCOG-43 M. KAUR ALTERNARIAMACROSPORA: A POTENTIAL FUNGAL PATHOGEN FOR BIOCONTROLOF

PARTHENIUMWEED

43. PCOG-44 PRIYA YADAV HERBS & DRUG INTERACTION

44. PCOG-45 SUNIL KUMAR APPLICATION OF NOVEL ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION TECHNIQUE FOR

THE HERBS

45. PCOG-46 PRAVEEN KUMAR

GOYAL

DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-STRESS MONO HERBAL FORMULATION OF

WITHANIASOMNIFERA AND EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF EXCIPIENTS ON ITS

DISSOLUTION PROFILE

46. PCOG-47 PUSHPENDER MICROSCOPIC STUDY AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF

CHENOPODIUM ALBUM

47. PCOG-48 SHAKTI GOEL MOUTH ULCER PROTECTION BY JASMINUM GRANDIFLORUM

48. PCOG-49 GEETA DESWAL A REVIEW- TEAK

MISCELLANEOUS

S.NO PAPER

CODE

AUTHOR TITLE

1. MIS-1 MANU ARORA STANDARDIZATION OF MISWAK: AN ORAL HYGIENE TOOL

2. MIS-3 UMANSHU

DHINGRA

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE - A GLOBAL CONCERN. NO ACTION TODAY, NO

CURE TOMORROW

3. MIS-4 MANISHA PARAGLIDING THROUGH SWOT ANALYSIS ON USA'S CURRENT REGULATORY

ENVIRONMENT

4. MIS-5 PANKAJKUMAR AMENDMENTS IN SCHEDULED H DRUGS: CRITICAL ASSESSMENT

5. MIS-7 DIMPLE REGULATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN INDIA

6. MIS-8 PRERNA KAUSHIK INDIA- GRAPPLING WITH CONTROL OF DRUG PRICES

7. MIS-9 KAUSHIK VICHITRA INNOVATIONS FROM NATURE – A NEW COMMENCE

8. MIS-10 AMANDEEP KAUR DOCTOR OF PHARMACY EDUCATION IN INDIA- A CRITICAL STUDY

9. MIS-11 DEEPA BATRA BIOMARKERS: AN EMERGING TOOL IN MEDICAL PRACTICE

10. MIS-12 MONIKA PUNIA QUALITY BY DESIGN

11. MIS-13 MOHIT MADAN EBOLA VIRUS : A DEADLY MENACE

12. MIS-15 GARIMA PARAMOUNT PART OF LIFE: SLEEP

13. MIS-16 KARISHMA PHARMACOVIGILANCE: A WAY FOR BETTER TOMARROW

14. MIS-17 SWEETY HOODA WHAT, WHEN AND HOW OF THE PROMOTION OF RATIONAL USE OF MEDICINE

15. MIS-18 ANJALI GOYAL AVAILABILITY AND RELATIVE PRICE PAID FOR BRANDED MEDICINES FOR

COMMON AILMENTS IN TEN AREAS (100 PHARMACY OUTLETS) OF SONEPAT

DISTRICT

16. MIS-19 VIPIN SAINI DRUG SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN

17. MIS-20 GARIMA KUMARI RISK OF SELF MEDICATION

18. MIS-21 ADITYA DELU PHARMACOGENOMICS- A NEED OF THE HOUR

19. MIS-22 ANJALI ANTIDOTE FOR OPIUM POISONING

20. MIS-23 GAGANPREET

KAUR

“EVOLUTION OF PHARMACY PRACTICE”

21. MIS-24 BHUMIKA GUPTA NOSOCOMIAL DISEASES OR HOSPITAL ACQUIRED DISEASES

22. MIS-25 VANDANA

SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE VARIATION IN BRAIN PHANTOM DUE TO EXPOSURE BY A 3G

MOBILE PHONE

1st Annual conference of APTI Haryana State Branch

August 22, 2014

Indian Scenario of Pharmaceutical education: Challenges and Future perspectives

PHARMACEUCICS

ABSTRACTS


August 22, 2014


PCEU-2

SOLID DISPERSION FAST DISSOLVING TABLETS OF GLIMEPIRIDE

Paaras Gupta, Ankita Kapoor, Raj kumara

School of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and

Technology, Makhnumajra Baddi, Distt. Solan, H.P. -173205, India

E-mail: [email protected]

INTRODUCTION

A drug with poor aqueous solubility exhibit dissolution rate limited absorption, and solid

dispersion technologies are particularly promising for improving the oral absorption and

bioavailability of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II drugs.

METHODOLOGY

Solid dispersions of glimepiride in Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 4000 and 6000 were prepared by

fusion method in ratios of 1: 1,1: 3,1: 5,1: 7. The polymer was melted in china dish. Drug was

added to the molten polymer with continuous stirring. Solid dispersion was cooled in a ice bath,

dried, sieved through 100# and stored in a dessicator. Solid dispersions having ratio 1:5 were

selected for formulation of fast dissolving tablets.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Tablets were directly compressed, found to be elegant, white, odorless and smooth in appearance. The

tablets were 6 mm in diameter and spherical concave with thickness 2.39 ± 0.06 mm to 2.95 ± 0.01 mm,

weight variation in the range 88.25 ± 1.51mg to 95.32 ± 2.48 mg, hardness 2.4 ± 0.26 Kg/cm2 to 2.6 ±

0.32 Kg/cm2,Friability 0.22 ± 0.10 to 0.29 ± 0.01 % less than 1% so tablets passes the friability test,

Wetting time 40.2 ± 1.0 seconds to 50.5 ± 0.1 seconds, Disintegration time 43.9 ± 1.5sec to 50.9 ± 1.5sec

and Drug Content 97.98 2.1 % to 99.23 1.6 %.

CONCLUSION

It is evident that the fast dissolving tablets containing solid dispersions exhibited a faster

dissolution when compared to fast dissolving tablets of pure drug.

PCEU-3

PHOSPHOLIPID AND MACROGOL BASED MIXED NANOMICELLES ENHANCE

ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF MELOXICAM

Dhanila Varkey, Jessy Shaji, Ipshita Menon*

Department of Pharmaceutics, Plot No. 23, Jote Joy Building, Rambhau Salgaonkar Marg, Cuffe

Parade, Colaba, Mumbai-400005

Abstract:

Oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant status are the hallmarks in patients suffering from

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). A novel targeted nanomedicine can augment the therapeutic efficacy of

mailto:[email protected]


August 22, 2014


Meloxicam (MLX), a preferential COX-2 inhibitor with significant suppressive effects on free

radical mediated damage. In view of this, MLX-loaded mixed nanomicelles were fabricated by co-

precipitation reconstitution method using drug, lipid and macrogol-15 hydroxystearate. The

nanomicelles were characterized for particle size distribution and zeta potential using nanoparticle

tracking analysis. The mean particle size and zeta potential was found to be 88 ± 42 nm and -47.4 ±

16.2 mV. Transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies confirmed the

production of nanomicelles. HPLC results demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency over 90%. In

vitro cytotoxicity of MLX in nanomicelles was determined on the RAW 264.7 cell line. The in vitro

antioxidant potential of nanomicelles was evaluated by various antiradical and antioxidant assays

including DPPH free radical scavenging, nitric oxide radical inhibition, lipid peroxidation, hydroxyl

radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. Free radical scavenging activity

of MLX loaded mixed nanomicelles in all assays was higher than the free drug and was found to

increase in a dose-dependent manner. A nanomicelles based delivery system for MLX potentiates its

free radical suppression effects and can further enhance its therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of

RA.

PCEU-4

HYDROPHOBIC DRUG KETOPROFEN IN TOPICAL EMULGEL

Ankita Kapoor, Richa Sharma, Manu Arora, Ramit Kapoor

School of Pharmacy and Emerging Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Sciences and

Technology, Makhnumajra Baddi, Distt. Solan, H.P. -173205, India


BACKGROUND

When gel and emulsion are used in combined form they are referred as emulgel. Emulsion in gel

have emerged as one of the most interesting topical drug delivery system as it have dual release

control system i.e. emulsion and gel

METHODS

The gel bases were prepared by dispersing Carbopol 934 and HPMC K4M in distilled water with

continuous stirring using a mechanical shaker. The pH of formulations was adjusted using

Triethanolamine. The oil phase of emulsion was prepared by dissolving Span 80 in Light Liquid

Paraffin while the aqueous phase was prepared by dissolving Tween 80 in purified water. Methyl

Paraben was dissolved in Propylene Glycol and mixed with aqueous phase. Acetone was mixed

in aqueous phase. Ketoprofen was dissolved in oil phase. Oleic acid was also mixed in oil phase.

Both the oil and aqueous phase were then separately heated to 70-80ºC then the oily phase was

added to aqueous phase with continuous stirring until it get cooled to room temperature.

EVALUATION

It was evaluated physically, pH was determined, viscosity was estimated, spreading coefficient

was determined and extrudability test was performed, drug content and in vitro release studies

were performed. It was compared with the emulgel present in market i.e., Voltaren®.

emulgel of

Diclofenac.

CONCLUSION



August 22, 2014


Ketoprofen belongs to class of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs. This drug when applied

topically used to treat swelling, sprains, backache or arthritis. Oral drug cause gastric irritation or

bleeding so to overcome this Ketoprofen emulgel can be promising formulation.

PCEU-5

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NANOSIZED ETHOSOMES FOR

ENHANCED TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY OF KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE

Akshay Shah*, Sharvari Garude, Jessy Shaji

Department of Pharmaceutics Plot No. 23, Jote Joy Building, Rambhau Salgaonkar Road, Cuffe

Parade, Mumbai 40005. India

Abstract

The aim of this investigation is to develop nanosized ethosomes for improved transdermal

permeation of ketorolac tromethamine. Ethosomes are soft, elastic vesicle composed of

phospholipids and high concentration of ethanol. Ethosomes was prepared by cold method and

was evaluated for various parameters like vesicle size, zeta potential, % drug entrapment, ex-vivo

permeation, in-vivo study. Microscopic examination suggested ethosomes as spherical

unilamellar vesicles with a smooth surface. Optimized ethosomal vesicles were of size

134±60nm with zeta potential of -42.4±12.4mv and drug entrapment was 79.83±3.18%. Ex-vivo

permeation studies across porcine skin resulted in increased flux of 40.38±0.24µg/cm2/hr when

compared with hydroethanolic drug solution (17.33±0.05µg/cm2/hr) and plain drug solution

(15.05±0.84µg/cm2/hr). The enhancement ratio of ethosomes was found to be 2.7 fold higher to

plain drug solution and 2.4 fold higher to hydroethanolic solution. Data obtained from this

experimental work concludes that ethosomal formulation is safe and very efficient as a drug

carrier for accentuated transdermal delivery of ketorolac tromethamine which could serves as a

potential carrier system.

PCEU-6

OPTIMIZATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL ALGINATE-CHITOSAN

NANOPARTICLES CONTAINING PAYLOAD OF ANTI TUBERCULAR DRUG

CYCLOSERINE.

Mahmood Shaikh*, Jessy Shaji

Department of Pharmaceutics, Plot No. 23, Jote Joy Building, Rambhau Salgaonkar Road, Cuffe

Parade, Mumbai 40005, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Management of Tuberculosis is mainly affected by the drug resistance due to the poor patient

compliance, this can be overcome by reduction in the dosing frequency of antitubercular drugs


August 22, 2014


by applying drug delivery technology which has the potential to improve the patient compliance.

Thus, in the present study, Cycloserine loaded Alginate-Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by

a modified ionotropic gelation method and the particle characteristics including morphology and

particle size measurements were performed by Scanning electron microscopy, Transmission

electron microscopy and Particle size analyzer. Polymer interaction and drug incorporation was

confirmed by FTIR and DSC. Drug content, encapsulation efficiency and particle properties such

as size, polydispersity index and zeta potential were also determined. The particle and its release

characteristics can be efficiently optimized using the 23

factorial designs of experiments by

Design Expert V9. Response surface plots were drawn, statistical validity of the polynomials was

established and optimized formulations were selected by feasibility and grid search. The average

particle size ranged between 176 nm to 441 nm respectively. Drug entrapment ranged 97.58% to

99.21% respectively. The in vitro release studies show initial burst release followed by

controlled and uniform release for longer duration. The results suggested that ionotropic

controlled gelation can lead to the preparation of particles with favorable size, high entrapment

efficiency and controlled release characteristics serving as a convenient delivery system for

Cycloserine which has the potential for intermittent therapy of Multi-drug resistant Tuberculosis.

PCEU-7

MICROBIALLY SYNTHESIZED HIGH-QUALITY NANOSTRUCTURES FOR DRUG

DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A GREEN SYNTHESIS APPROACH

Sushil Nagar*, Anita Dua

Department of Biochemistry, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

Email: [email protected]

Abstract Nanotechnology is one of the fast budding sciences over the last recent years. The discipline of

nanotechnology connects life science, physical sciences and chemical science to each other with

the help of engineering. Particulate systems like nanostructures/nanoparticles have been used as

a physical approach to alter and improve the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties

of various types of drug molecules. Nanoparticles can be geared up from a diversity of resources

such as proteins, polysaccharides and synthetic polymers. The selection of matrix materials is

dependent on many factors such as size of nanoparticles required; surface characteristics;

biodegradability and antigenicity of the final product. The production of nanoparticles with

irradiation, photochemical reduction technology or other techniques remains expensive and

involves perilous chemicals. Therefore, there is a growing concern to develop eco-friendly and

sustainable methods for production of nanoparticles. Microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is a

green chemistry and cost-effective approach. Biosynthesis of many metals such as Au, Ag, Se,

Te, Pt, Si etc nanoparticles by microorganisms have been reported. However, despite the stability

and delivery of drugs the nanoparticles are not mono-dispersed and their production is also slow.

Secondly, Inhibition of the production by the generation of free radicals from some metals is also

a critical problem for scientists. Nanoparticles mainly minimize drug degradation time upon

administration; prevent undesirable side effects, also increase drug bioavailability and a fraction



August 22, 2014


of the drug accumulated in the pathological area. Remaining to the rich biodiversity of microbes,

their potential as biological materials for nanoparticles synthesis is yet to be fully explored.

PCEU-10

LONG CIRCULATING SURFACE DECORATED LIPOSOMES FOR EFFICIENT

TREATMENT OF MDR CANCER

Sushama Talegaonkar* and Lalit M. Negi

Dept of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, jamia Hamdard, new Delhi-62, India


Abstract

Imatinib mesylate is a proclaimed tyrosin kinase inhibitor with indication in Chronic

myelogenous leukemia CML and Gastrointestinal stomal tumor GIST. However, due to

significant reporting of P-gp expression in cancer, it can come across set back due to MDR.

Therefore, in present work the liposomal formulation containing imatinib-bile salt conjugate was

developed and investigated for its comparative performance in MDR colon cancer cells.

Furthermore, the liposomes were surface modified with hyaluronic acid for achieving low

hemotoxicity with stealth characteristics. Imatinib mesylate was successfully conjugated with

sodium deoxycholate by charged conjugation and evaluated through FTIR, DSC and PXRD. The

developed conjugate (IM-SD) was encapsulated in liposomes and the conditions were optimized

by Box-Behnken statistical design to achieve a size of 56.56 ± 1.23 nm along with 99.11 ± 0.89

% entrapment efficiency (LIPO). The liposomes were surface modified with hyaluronic acid and

the size was enhanced to 159.14 ± 3.2 nm (HA-LIPO). Flow cytometric studies demonstrated the

enhanced uptake of P-gp substrate rhodamine dye in P-gp positive colo 320 colon cancer cells. In

addition, an enhanced cellular internalization of HA-LIPO in CD-44 positive HT-29 and colo

320 cells indicates the targeting attributes of the hyaluronan coated liposomes. Finally, the

hyaluronan coated liposomes were also found to have low blood interaction, low opsonization

and reduced hematological side effects.

PCEU-11

Effect of Polymers on Solid Dispersions of Aceclofenac

Priyanka Verma

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G. J. University of Sci. & Tech., Hisar-125001, India.

Abstract

Aceclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) having anti-inflammatory and

analgesic properties, and is widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis,

and ankylosing spondylitis. One of the major problems with this drug is its low solubility in



August 22, 2014


biological fluids, which results in poor bioavailability after oral administration. Solid dispersion

is one of the approaches that significantly enhance dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs. The

aim of present study was to enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble drug aceclofenac by

solid dispersion techniques using polyethylene glycols (PEG 8000) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone

(PVP K-30) as carriers in ratios 1:5, 1:10, 1:15. Solid dispersions (a dispersion of one or more

active ingredients in an inert carrier or matrix at solid state) were prepared by physical mixture,

fusion method and solvent evaporation method. The prepared solid dispersions were evaluated

by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction. In vitro

dissolution studies were carried out in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) and analyzed

spectrophotometrically at the λmax of 274 nm.Faster dissolution was exhibited by solid

dispersions containing 1:15 ratio of drug: PEG 8000 by fusion method. The increase in

dissolution rate of the drug could be attributed to increase in wettability, hydrophilic nature of

the carrier and due to reduction in drug crystallinity.The results of solid state characterization

indicated that in solid dispersions the crystalline drug gets converted to its amorphous form.

FTIR study results indicated the absence of interaction between aceclofenac and carriers.In X-

ray powder diffraction less intensity of drugpeaks showed that the drug has acquired the

amorphous characteristics.

PCEU-13

NATURAL POLYMERS BASEDMAGNETIC MICROSPHERES AS A EFFECTIVE

TOOL FOR CHRONIC DISEASE

Lokesh Sadana*, 1

, Neha Khar1, Surender Verma

1

1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract Microspheres are free flowing powders consisting of encapsulated (drugs) spherical particles of

size ideally less than 125p that can be suspended in aqueous vehicle.Magnetic microspheres hold

great promise for reaching the goal of controlled and site specific drug delivery. Magnetic

microspheres are traditional radiation methods which uses highly penetrating radiations thatare

absorbed throughout the body.Various Natural polymers are used like albumin, chitosan, gelatin,

starch, polystarch, agarose etc. Now a days targeted treatment system are used in many chronic

diseases such as cancer, diabetes, nerve damage etc.Chronic Disease is a long

lasting condition that can be controlled but not cured. Therefore, the in-vivotargeting of tumors

with magnetic microspheres is currently realized through the application of external non-uniform

magnetic fields generated by rare-earth permanent magnets or electromagnets. Magnetically

controlled drug targeting is one of the various possible ways of drug targeting.There has been

keen interest in the development of a magnetically target drug delivery system. These drug

delivery systems aims to deliver the drug at a rate directed by the needs of the body during the

period of treatment, and target the activity entity to the site of action. Its use is limited by toxicity

and side effects. The aim of the specific targeting is to enhance the efficiency of drug delivery &



August 22, 2014


at the same time to reduce the toxicity & side effects. This paper gives an overview of the

mechanism, benefits, drawbacks, preparation and applications of magnetic microspheres.

PCEU-14

CARBON NANOTUBES AS A DRUG DELIEVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW

Rajni Bala*, Neha kanojia

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chandigarh - Patiala National Highway, Rajpura –

140401,Patiala, Punjab, India.

Abstract

Drug delivery is a field of research and is gaining the attention of pharmaceutical researchers,

medical doctors and industry. A safe and targeted drug delivery could improve the performance

of some drugs already on the market, and will have implications for the development and success

of new therapeutic approach for the delivery of anticancer, peptide and protein drugs and gene

therapy. In the last decade, several drug-delivery technologies have emerged and an interesting

part of this field is the development of nanoscale drug delivery system. Nano particles (NPs)

have been developed as an important approach to deliver conventional drugs, recombinant

proteins, vaccines and more recently, nucleotides. NPs and other colloidal drug-delivery systems

modify the kinetics, body distribution and drug release of associated drug molecule by

improvement of atomic and molecular properties of drug. This review focuses on the potential of

nanotechnology in medicine particularly carbon nanotubes as well as their applications in

therapeutics, diagnostics and imaging and their future prospects.

PCEU-15

FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF ORO-DISPERSIBLE PECTIN-HPMCE15LV

FILMS OF PROPANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE

Bhupinder Kaur , Newton AMJ, Rajesh Kumar, Manoj Kumar Katual

Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Education City, Hoshiarpur,

India (146001).


ABSTRACT

The prime aim of this research work was to develop the oro-dispersible films of Propanolol HCl.

Oro-dispersible films are gaining popularity over other dosage forms in the current market. A

non cardio selective β- adrenergic antagonist Propanolol HCl was used as a model drug. The half

life of Propanolol HCl is 4h and is soluble in water with the bioavailability of 42%. The rationale

behind using Propanolol HCl is that it is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive



August 22, 2014


emergencies where a quick onset of action is inevitable. The formulations were studied for

preformulation characteristics and compatibility study before developing the dosage form. The

drug excipient compatibility studies were carried out by using FTIR and DSC and the results

ruled out any interaction between drug and other excipients. The oro-dispersible films were

prepared by using HPMCE15LV premium grade polymer and HPMC15cps. The HPMCE15LV

is the premium grade polymer which is superior to regular HPMC15cps and possessing excellent

film forming characteristics. Different techniques were carried out the in trials and the solvent

casting methods were used in the development of oro-dispersible units. Since the drug

Propanolol HCl is bitter in taste, the sweeteners and salivary stimulating agent citric acid were

incorporated in the formulation in order to facilitate the film solubility in the oral cavity. The

films were evaluated for the various essential quality control parameters such as tensile strength,

texture analysis, drug content, dissolution and disintegration studies. The films were also

evaluated against the commercially available brands.

PCEU-16

CHRONOTHERAPEUTIC DRUG DELIVERY OF PECTIN, GUAR GUM AND OKRA

GUM CONTROLLED RELEASE COLON TARGETED DIRECTLY COMPRESSED

PROPRANOLOL HCL MATRIX TABLETS AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION

Jatinder Kumar, Newton AMJ, Rajesh Kumar, Manoj Kumar Katual

Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat- Bahra Institute of Pharmacy Education City, Hoshiarpur,

India (146001).

Email: [email protected].

ABSTRACT

The prime aim of this investigation is to develop a delayed release formulation with various

natural polysaccharides such as Pectin, Okra gum and Guar gum. A model drug Propranolol HCl

was used in this formulation to target the drug candidate to the colon. Assessment of colon

targeting and controlled release potential of the developed novel dosage form was the main

concept of this research. The naturally available polysaccharides such as Pectin and Okra gum

were used as prime polymers in this study to compare the superiority of the polymer over each

other.Plenty of research available on conventional Guar gum tablets, was reported for

manufacturing and bioavailability problems in large scale production. To overcome these

drawbacks of Guar gum the study has been designed. The matrix tablets of Propranolol HCl were

prepared by direct compression. The various recommended parameters of the tablets were

evaluated and the results were found to be within the limits. The carbopol 940 was used as an

auxiliary polymer to modify the drug release and compression characteristics of the tablets. The

in vitro release studies were carried out first in 0.1N HCl for 1h and 30 minutes and in pH 6.8

phosphate buffer for 2h and after that pH 7.4 phosphate buffer until the maximum amount of

drug is released. The release kinetics of the formulations were analyzed by various famous

pharmacokinetic models such as First order, Zero Order, Higuchi, Hixon-Crowell and

Korsmeyer-Peppas model and mechanism of drug release was examined and reported.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-17

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORO-DISPERSIBLE TABLETS FOR ANTI-

DEPRESSENT DRUG CITALOPRAM HYDROBROMIDE.

Mandeep Singh*, Newton AMJ, Manoj Kumar Katual ,Rajesh Kumar Sachdeva


India (146001).


ABSTRACT

The aim of present study was “Formulation development and Evaluation of Oral fast dispersible

tablets of Citalopram hydrobromide”. The formulations were studied for pre-formulation and

drug-excipient compatibility study in FTIR before the development of formulation. In the study,

all of the powder blend showed good flow properties. The bulk density, tapped density and the

compressibility index were found within the range which ensured the blend was suitable for

direct compression into tablets. Oro-dispersible tablets of Citalopram were prepared by Direct

Compression method with Mannitol, Micro crystalline cellulose alone and both in combination

as diluents. The super disintegrants such as Sodium starch glycolate and povidone with cross

carmellose were used in formulation. The prepared tablets were subjected to various parameters

like uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, drug content, water absorption ratio, wetting time,

in vitro disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The effect of different super

disintegrants over the drug release profile was investigated. In vitro disintegration time for all

batches i.e. CF-1 to CF-6 showed wide variation in the range between 17.64 to 27 seconds and %

Drug dissolved at 60 seconds (DP60

) for all formulation batches i.e. CF-1 to CF-6 showed wide

variation in the range between 18.10 to 96.45% which was found to be the better results. The

prepared formulations containing super disintegrants sodium starch glycolate was found to be

better and optimized formulation according to rate of dispersion and dissolution profile.

PCEU-18

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORO-DISPERSIBLE TABLETS FOR ANTI-

DEPRESSENT DRUG CITALOPRAM HYDROBROMIDE.

Mandeep Singh*, Newton AMJ, Manoj Kumar Katual ,Rajesh Kumar Sachdeva


India (146001).


ABSTRACT

The aim of present study was “Formulation development and Evaluation of Oral fast dispersible

tablets of Citalopram hydrobromide”. The formulations were studied for pre-formulation and

drug-excipient compatibility study in FTIR before the development of formulation. In the study,




August 22, 2014


all of the powder blend showed good flow properties. The bulk density, tapped density and the

compressibility index were found within the range which ensured the blend was suitable for

direct compression into tablets. Oro-dispersible tablets of Citalopram were prepared by Direct

Compression method with Mannitol, Micro crystalline cellulose alone and both in combination

as diluents. The super disintegrants such as Sodium starch glycolate and povidone with cross

carmellose were used in formulation. The prepared tablets were subjected to various parameters

like uniformity of weight, hardness, friability, drug content, water absorption ratio, wetting time,

in vitro disintegration time and in vitro dissolution studies. The effect of different super

disintegrants over the drug release profile was investigated. In vitro disintegration time for all

batches i.e. CF-1 to CF-6 showed wide variation in the range between 17.64 to 27 seconds and %

Drug dissolved at 60 seconds (DP60

) for all formulation batches i.e. CF-1 to CF-6 showed wide

variation in the range between 18.10 to 96.45% which was found to be the better results. The

prepared formulations containing super disintegrants sodium starch glycolate was found to be

better and optimized formulation according to rate of dispersion and dissolution profile.

PCEU-19

A STUDY ON HPMC K4M AND CARBOPOL 940 BASED AMOXICILLIN

TRIHYDRATE FLOATING TABLETS AND IN VITRO EVALUATION FOR THE

TREATMENT OF H.PYLORI INFECTION.

Sandeep Kaur , Newton AMJ, Manoj Kumar Katual, Rajesh Kumar

Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat – Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Education City, Hoshiarpur,

Punjab, India.146001


Abstract

The prime aim of this research work was to develop a floating drug delivery system of

Amoxicillin trihydrate. The HPMC K4M and Carbopol 940 was used as a prime polymer in

developing a floating dosage form. The HPMC K4M was used as hydrophilic polymer to form a

matrix and control the drug release, whereas Carbopol 940 also influenced the controlled release

profile and offers the swelling property by which it facilitates floating. The main reason for

developing Amoxicillin trihydrate as a floating drug delivery system was to treat H.pylori

infections in the stomach and to provide localised drug concentration. The excipients such as

sodium bicarbonate, citric acid were incorporated in the formulation as a gas forming agent. The

tablets were evaluated for floating profile, drug release profile and swelling property. The other

essential quality control parameters of tablets such as weight variation, friability, drug content

uniformity also evaluated and reported. Previously the preformulation characteristics such as

flow property, packing property and drug excipient compatibility study in FTIR and DSC was

also studied before developing the dosage form. The in vitro studies were performed in 0.1N HCl

for 12 hours. The mechanism of drug release and release kinetics were evaluated by using

suitable pharmacokinetic models such as Zero order, First order and Higuchi kinetics.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-20

IMPROVEMENT OF DISSOLUTION PROFILES OF WATER INSOLUBLE DRUG

ITRACONAZOLE USING CRYSTALLINE AND AMORPHOUS CARRIER

Tejpal Singh , Ashish K Garg, Rajesh Kumar, Newton AMJ, Manoj Kumar Katual

Department of Pharmaceutics, Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy,

Education City, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India (146001).


ABSTRACT

The present study compares the effect of crystalline (Poloxamer-407) and amorphous carrier

(modified Gum Karaya) for improvement of dissolution profile of broad spectrum antifungal

agent Itraconazole (BCS Class II). Using solvent evaporation method, solid dispersion of

Itraconazole was prepared with modified gum karaya, which released up to 86% of drug at the

end of 2 hours but it possess low drug content and low drug yield. Similarly, solid dispersion of

drug was prepared with poloxamer-407 using hot melt method, which released 92% of drug at

the end of 2 hours with good percentage yield and drug content. Poloxamer-407 provided

complete amorphous state and absence of crystalline peaks while modified Gum Karaya showed

small number of crystalline peaks with much reduced intensity shifting towards lower melting

endotherm.

PCEU-21

SOLID SMEDDS AS POTENTIAL CARRIER FOR

NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Garima Singh*, KanavMidha, ManjuNagpal and Sandeep Arora

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh- Patiala National Highway,

Rajpura- 140401, India


Abstract

Recent developments in the area of excipients led to increased interest in development of lipid-

based formulations in last few years. Oral lipid-based formulations are composed of water-

soluble organic solvents (polyethylene glycol 300, propylene glycol ethanol), oily lipid vehicles

(medium chain mono and diglycerides or long-chain triglycerides), non-ionic surfactants and co-

surfactants (Tween 20, Span 80, Cremophore RH 40, Gelucires®

Labrasol® and Labrafils

®). Such

lipid based formulations are defined as isotropic mixtures of natural or synthetic oils, solid or

liquid surfactants or alternatively, one or more hydrophilic solvents and co-solvents/surfactants.

Upon mild agitation followed by dilution in aqueous media, these systems can form fine oil-in-

water (o/w) emulsions or self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS).These systems

present the drug in a solubilised form in GIT, and the small size of the formed droplet provide a

large interfacial surface area for drug absorption. SMEDDS are generally formulated either as

liquids or encapsulated in soft gelatin capsules which have some drawbacks especially in




August 22, 2014


manufacturing process (high production cost), incompatibility with the shells (brittleness or

softness of shell), limited dosage preparation and storage temperature. Thus liquid SMEDDS are

converted into solid SMEDDS by various techniques such as high pressure homogenization,

supercritical fluid based technology, melt extrusion, melt granulation, spray drying, spray

cooling and adsorption using solid carriers. The most viable technique used in lab scale is

adsorption using solid carriers. Various solid carriers have been successfully used for the

development of solid SMEDDS are Neusilin®, Fujicalin

®, Aerosil

®200, Aerosil

®300, Sylsia,

Dextran, Maltodextran, Microcrystalline cellulose and Coffee husk. This review article gives an

insight about the ongoing research using these carriers; including a comparative evaluation of

these carriers for successful development into solid dosage forms.

PCEU-22

APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY FOR POLYMER GRAFTING

Priya Rani *, Inderbir Singh and Sandeep Arora

Department of Pharmaceutics, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura-

140401, Patiala, Punjab

E mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The use of microwave irradiation has become a common heat source in organic chemistry. The

microwave irradiation is also increasingly studied for polymerization reactions. Microwave

technique offer a number of advantages like rapid reactions, high purity of products, less side-

products, improved yields, simplified and improved synthetic procedure, wider usable range of

temperature, higher energy efficiency, sophisticated measurement and safety technology,

modular systems enable changing from mg to kg scale. However certain disadvantages like heat

force control is difficult, water evaporation and closed container is dangerous because it could be

burst, are also associated with this technique. The present review discusses the technique and

principle involved in microwave assisted technique for grafting of the polymers. Various

pharmaceutical applications like release retardant, tablet superdisintegrant, flocculant,

mucoadhesion of the microwave assisted grafted polymers have been discussed. Microwave

assisted extraction of various compounds from materials of natural origin is also gaining

importance among researchers. In conclusion, microwave assisted grafting of polymers for

specific application is a useful technique modifying important pharmaceutical properties of the

polymers.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-23

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING TABLETS OF AN

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUG

Gurpreet Kaur, Sonia Dhiman, Priyanka Yadav, Nischay Singla

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India

Abstract

The present study was carried out with an objective of preparation and in vitro evaluation of

floating tablets of atenolol using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, beeswax and

sodium bicarbonate in combination. The floating matrix tablets of atenolol were prepared by

melt granulation method. Beeswax was used as hydrophobic meltable material. Atenolol is an

antihypertensive drug with an oral bioavailability of only 50% because of its poor absorption

from lower gastrointestinal tract. The floating tablets of atenolol were prepared to increase the

gastric retention, to extend the drug release, and to improve the bioavailability of the drug. The

drug- polymer interaction was studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier

transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR). The formulations were evaluated for physical

parameters like thickness, hardness, friability, uniformity of weight, drug content, buoyancy time

and in vitro drug release. The formulations were optimized on the basis of buoyancy time and in

vitro drug release. The present study shows that polymers like HPMC, ethyl cellulose and

beeswax in combination with sodium bicarbonate as a gas generating agent can be used to

develop sustained release floating tablets of atenolol. And also the combination of hydrophobic

and hydrophilic polymer minimized the burst release of drug from the tablet and achieved a drug

release by zero-order kinetics, which is practically difficult with only hydrophilic polymer.

PCEU-24

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE TABLETS USING

COMBINATION OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC POLYMERS

Priyanka Yadav, Sonia Dhiman, Gurpreet Kaur, Lakshya Jain

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India

Abstract

The present study was undertaken with an aim to formulate, develop and evaluate gastroretentive

floating tablets of a Calcium channel blocker, Nefidipine which release the drug in a sustained

manner over a period of 18 h. Combination of hydrophobic retardant namely ethyl cellulose and

a hydrophilic polymer hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) K15M were used in different

combinations as per different ratios for the preparation of tablets. The tablets were evaluated for

tablet thickness, hardness, weight variation, friability, floating lag time and in vitro drug release.

The in vitro release study of the tablets was performed in 0.1 N HCl as a dissolution media.

Formulation F6 with hydrophilic polymer (HPMC K15M) and hydrophobic retardant (ethyl

cellulose) in the ratio 1:3 was considered as an optimized formulation. The optimized


August 22, 2014


formulation showed satisfactory sustained drug release and remained buoyant on the surface of

the medium for more than 18 h. It can be concluded that floating drug delivery system of

Nefidipine can be successfully formulated as an approach to increase gastric residence time and

thereby improving its bioavailability.

PCEU-25

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF TIMOLOL MALEATE LOADED

CHITOSAN NANOPATICLES FOR OCULAR DELIVERY

Ajay Saroha, Deepak Kaushik*

*Department of pharmaceutical sciences M.D.University Rohtak-124001

e-mail- [email protected]

Abstract

Timolol Maleate-loaded Chitosan(CS) nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation method.

Experimental variables such as molecular weight of CS and the amount of crosslinking agent

(Sodium tripolyphosphate) were varied to study their effect on drug entrapment efficiency,

particle size and release rate of nanoparticles by using Box-Behnken design. Chemical stability

of timolol maleate (TM) and crosslinking of CS were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared

spectroscopy. Differential Scanning Calorimetry studies were performed on drug-loaded

nanoparticles to investigate crystalline nature of drug after entrapment. Result indicated

amorphous dispersion of drug in the polymer matrix. Scanning Electron Microscopy revealed

regularly shaped particles and mean particle size of nanoparticles was found to be 190 to 1500

nm. In-vitro release studies were performed in phosphate buffer saline of pH 7.4. A slow release

of TM up to 7 h was observed.

PCEU-26

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS OF

CEFUROXIME AXETIL

Isha*, Deepak Kaushik

*Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D. University, Rohtak.

ABSTRACT

Effervescent Floating Tablets containing Cefuroxime Axetil (CA) as model drug and HPMC

K4M as hydrophilic polymer were prepared by direct compression technique. A Box-Behnken

statistical design with 3 factors, 3 levels, and 17 runs is selected for the optimization study.

Concentration of HPMC K4M, Sodium bicarbonate and talc were varied to study their effect on

percentage cumulative drug release. To study analytical profile of Cefuroxime axetil , FTIR and

DSC studies were carried out. In vitro dissolution studies were performed in 0.1N HCl and

release of CA upto 8h was observed. For evaluation of floating behavior of tablets, in vitro


August 22, 2014


buoyancy studies were carried out. Floating tablets from each batch show floating time for more

than 12 h. All formulations showed acceptable specifications for weight variation, thickness,

hardness and friability. By fitting the data into zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsemeyer-

Peppa‟s model, it concludes that the release followed Higuchi model.

PCEU-27

DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS OF

CEFUROXIME AXETIL

Isha*, Deepak Kaushik

*Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D. University, Rohtak.

ABSTRACT

Effervescent Floating Tablets containing Cefuroxime Axetil (CA) as model drug and HPMC

K4M as hydrophilic polymer were prepared by direct compression technique. A Box-Behnken

statistical design with 3 factors, 3 levels, and 17 runs is selected for the optimization study.

Concentration of HPMC K4M, Sodium bicarbonate and talc were varied to study their effect on

percentage cumulative drug release. To study analytical profile of Cefuroxime axetil , FTIR and

DSC studies were carried out. In vitro dissolution studies were performed in 0.1N HCl and

release of CA upto 8h was observed. For evaluation of floating behavior of tablets, in vitro

buoyancy studies were carried out. Floating tablets from each batch show floating time for more

than 12 h. All formulations showed acceptable specifications for weight variation, thickness,

hardness and friability. By fitting the data into zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsemeyer-

Peppa‟s model, it concludes that the release followed Higuchi model.

PCEU-28

DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF SILYMARIN NANOPARTICLES FOR

ENHANCED HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY

Priti Girotra*, Swati Gupta, Shailendra Kumar Singh

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G. J. University of Sci. & Tech., Hisar-125001, India.

email: [email protected]

Abstract

Silymarin, a flavonoid obtained from the seeds of Silybum marianum L. (family Asteraceae),

possess good hepatoprotective activity. The present investigation was aimed at formulation

optimization of polymeric nanoparticles using chitosan, for enhancing the hepatoprotective

activity of silymarin through passive targeted delivery, thereby enhancing its therapeutic

potential. The chitosan nanoparticles containing silymarin were prepared by ionic gelation

technique, followed by optimization using central composite design in order to minimize the



August 22, 2014


particle size and maximize the drug entrapment efficiency. The optimized formulation was

characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency, in-vitro dissolution studies and was also

subjected to in vivo study on Swiss Albino mice using CCL4 induced hepatotoxicity as an

experimental model. In vitro dissolution studies demonstrated sustained, zero order drug release

from optimized formulation. In vivo studies on Swiss Albino mice using CCL4 induced

hepatotoxicity model, suggested that the therapeutic efficacy of silymarin loaded nanoparticles

was greatly amplified. Thus, the nanoparticles of silymarin were successful in enhancing its

passive liver targeting for improved hepatoprotection.

PCEU-29

ACCELERATED STABILITY STUDY OF SHANKHPUSHPI AND BRAHMI SYRUP

Nancy* and Gulshan Bansal*

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University,

Patiala - 147002, India

Abstract

Due to complex chemical nature of herbal products, the process of establishment of quality and

safety of the product throughout its entire storage duration is a tedious job. Various guidelines on

establishing safety and efficacy of herbal products through stability studies have been laid down

by the agencies like World Health Organization (WHO), European Medicines Agency (EMEA)

and International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). However, minimal efforts have been

done to establish their stability profile. CNS active herbal medicinal products form a significant

portion of global herbal market. These are consumed by population of all age groups

indiscriminately without any prescription. Many such products manufactured by various drug

houses are available in the market. Hence, the present study is designed to conduct the stability

testing of commercially available herbal formulations used for CNS disorders under the

guidelines specified by WHO. An accelerated stability study is carried out on two commercially

available formulations of Shankhpusphi and Brahmi in our laboratory as per WHO guidelines. The

protocol involves investigation of physicochemical stability of the selected formulations. Stability

samples were analysed quantitatively using validated HPLC taking commercially available marker

compounds including scopoletin and asiatic acid. Wide variation in content of both the markers for each

batch of the formulation revealed wide batch to batch variation in marker content on exposure to the

accelerated stability study. Further studies are in progress to establish appropriate storage conditions and

shelf life of the product.


August 22, 2014


PCEU-30

INVESTIGATIONS ON SOLUBILITY ENHANCEMENT VIA SOLID DISPERSIONS

USING MODIFIED NOVEL CARRIERS

Ramika Hardatt*, Kanav Midha, Manju Nagpal, Sandeep Arora

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University,

Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura -140401


Abstract:

The rapid advancements intechnology led to the use of modified or novel excipients in novel

dosage forms to accomplishspecific functions (modulate the drug release, stability andimproved

bioavailability, enhancement of patient acceptability). New and improved excipients continue to

be developed to meet the needs of advanced drugdelivery system.Improvement in solubility of

most of new chemical entities (NCE‟s) is one of major research area where solid dispersion

technique proved to be widely accepted. Solid dispersions are the group of solid products

consisting of different components, a hydrophilic matrix and a hydrophobic drug. Both novel

synthetic and modified natural polymers are being exploited for improvement of solubility. The

natural polymers are preferred now days for pharmaceutical applications as they are

economical,readily available, low cost, non-toxic and capable of chemical modifications. Though

natural gums are being used for sustaining the drug release due to high viscosity; the potential of

modified gums (guar gum, gum karaya, locust bean gum etc.) has also been suitably reported for

poorly soluble drugs(atorvastatin, glimepiride, Licnofelacetc). Moreover, the utility of skimmed

milk powder has been evidenced for solubility enhancement via formulating the solid dispersions

(atorvastatin, valsartan).Soluplus (copolymer of polyvinylcaprolactum-polyvinylAcetate-

polyethyleneglycol) is also being used as a synthetic carrier for solubility enhancement of

Valsartan.Current review highlights latest research on solubility enhancement of various drugs

using modified forms of gums and other carriers by solid dispersion technique.

PCEU-31

SELF EMULSIFYING SOLUTIONS: IMPROVING BIOAVAILABILITY OF BCS

CLASS II DRUGS

Divya & Deepak Kaushik

Department Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University,

Rohtak-124001 Haryana (INDIA)

ABSTRACT

Oral route is the easiest and most convenient route for drug administration.The major problem in

oral drug formulations is low and erratic bioavailability, which mainly results from poor aqueous

solubility.Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems(SEDDS) are mainly used in improving the oral



August 22, 2014


bioavailability of poorly water soluble and lipophilic drugs. SEDDSs belongs to lipid

formulations, and size range is from 100nm (SEDDs) to less than 50nm (SMEDDs) and contains

a isotropic mixtures of oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants, which are emulsified in aqueous

media under conditions of gentle stirring. The principal characteristic of these systems is their

ability to form fine oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions or micro-emulsions upon mild agitation

following dilution by an aqueous phase. For lipophilic drugs, which have dissolution rate-limited

absorption.SEDDS may be a promising strategy to improve the rate and extent of oral

absorption,digestive motility that would be encountered in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract.The

theory behind dissolution rate improvement by means of SEDDS is the spontaneous

development of the emulsion in the gastrointestinal tract with mild agitation provided by gastric

mobility, which presents the drug in solubilized form, and the small size of the formed droplet

provides a large interfacial surface area for drug absorption. Due to its small globule size, the

micro/nanoemulsifed drug can easily be absorbed through lymphatic pathways, thereby

bypassing the hepatic first-pass effect.

PCEU-33

PRONIOSOMES:-A PREFERABLE CARRIER FOR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Neha khar*, Lokesh Sadana, Surender Verma

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Kurukshetra University,Kurukshetra

E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract

Design and development of novel drug delivery system has two prerequisites. First, it should

deliver the drug in accordance with a pre-determined rate and secondly it should release

therapeutically effective amount of drug at the site of action. So, presently some recent studies

have been evaluated that proniosomal system can be used and thus received a great attention in

drug delivery application as well as in pharmaceutical research. In order to minimise the

problems associated noisome physical stability such as aggregation, fusion and leaking; a dry

product preparations can be prepared known as proniosomes. Proniosomes are dry formulations

using suitable carrier coated with non ionic surfactant and can be converted into niosomes

immediately before use by the hydration of non ionic surfactant. Anti-inflammatory action of

certain drugs such as ketorolac via proniosomes gel formulation show better solubility than

conventional niosomes. Niosomes prepared from proniosomes are used in the treatment of

leishmaniasis, and in oncology etc. Recent research has lead to the use of in vitro tests to waive

additional in vivo bioequivalence studies for some pharmaceutical products (i.e., biowaiver).

Efforts are being made to extend biowaivers to certain Class II and III products, which would

represent more than 50% of all drugs coming to the market . Proniosomes are better route for

novel drug delivery system as compared to conventional means.The vesicular proniosomal

powder encapsulating doxycycline hydrochloride (DH) and metronidazole (MT) combination

therapy was developed using different types of spans, cholesterol (CH) and maltodex . The

results obtained indicate that differences in drug dissolution observed in vitro were not reflected


August 22, 2014


in vivo. Such data support that BCS Class III drugs are eligible biowaiver candidates, even if a

very rapid dissolution criterion is not fulfilled.

PCEU-34

FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES ON AZILSARTAN

Rami Rani,* Dhiraj Kaushik and Gulshan Bansal

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala –

147002, India.

Abstract Forced degradation study of an angiotensin receptor blocker azilsartan was carried out

under hydrolytic (acid, alkali and water), oxidative (H2O2), dry heat and photolytic

conditions. An isocratic HPLC method was developed and optimized for the separation

of all degradation products formed under varied stress conditions. The drug showed

degradation in acid, base and water hydrolysis and also underwent photo-degradation in

acid, alkali and water medium. In total six degradation products (I-IV) were formed. Out

of the six degradation products detected in LC-UV chromatogram, five (II-VI) were

detected in LC-MS chromatogram. The major degradation products were characterized

on the basis of their mass fragmentation pattern through LC-MS-TOF and MSn studies.

These were characterized as 2-ethoxy-3H-benzoimidazole-4-carboxylic acid (Product II),

2-hydroxy-3-[2‟-(5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-4-ylmethyl]-3H-benzoimidazole-4-

carboxylic acid (ProductIII),3-[2‟-(1H-diazirin-3-yl)-biphenyl]-4-ylmethyl]-2-ethoxy-

3Hbenzoimidazole-4-carboxylic acid (Product IV), 3-[4‟-(2-ethoxy-benzoimidazol-1-

ylmethyl)-biphenyl-2-yl]-4H-[1,2,4]oxadiazol-5-one (Product V) and 2-ethoxy-3-(5-oxa-

6-aza-dibenzo[a,c]cyclohepten-3-ylmethyl)-3H-benzoimidazole-4-carboxylic acid

(Product VI). Based on the stability of most stable carbocation and literature review, the

most probable degradation mechanism was proposed.

PCEU-35

FORCED DEGRADATION STUDIES ON FLUPIRITINE MALEATE

Vaneetpal Khurana,* Jasmeen Kaur and Gulshan Bansal*

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala

147002, India

Abstract

Forced degradation study of flupiritine maleate was carried out under the conditions of

hydrolysis (acid, alkali and water), oxidation (H2O2), dry heat and photolysis. An

isocratic HPLC method was developed and optimized for the separation of all


August 22, 2014


degradation products formed in different stress conditions. In total ten degradation

products (I-X) were formed. The drug showed degradation in acid, base and water

hydrolysis and also in photo-degradation in acid, alkali and water medium. The major

degradation products were characterized based on their mass fragmentation pattern

through LC-MS-TOF and MSn studies. However, only six products were ionized in LC-

MS chromatogram. Out of the six products, three (VI, VII and X) were characterized as

3-[2-amino-3-(3-amino-6-fluoro-1,2-dihydroisoquinolin-4-yl)-5-hydroxypent-2-

enoylcarbamoyl] acrylic acid, 5-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-5-(6-hydroxy-5-

methoxycarbonylamino-pyridin-2-ylamino)-4-oxo-pent-2-enoic acid and N-(4-

fluorobenzyl)-3-isocyanato-pyridine-2,6-diamine, respectively and the most probable

degradation mechanism was proposed.

PCEU-36

DIFFERENT METHODS OF ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILIZATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY

OF POORLY SOLUBLE DRUGS

Ankita Bhardwaj and Arun Nanda

Department of p‟ceutical sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak


ABSTRACT

Solubility, the phenomenon of dissolution of solute in solvent to give a homogenous system, is

one of the important parameters to achieve desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation

for desired pharmacological response. Low aqueous solubility is the major problem encountered

with formulation development of new chemical entities as well as for the generic development.

The insufficient dissolution rate of the drug is the limiting factor in the oral bioavailability of

poorly water soluble compounds. This review discusses BCS classification, carriers for solubility

enhancement and different techniques for solubility enhancement. Various techniques are used

for the enhancement of the solubility of poorly soluble drugs which include micronization,

nanonization, sonocrystallization, supercritical fluid method, spray freezing into liquid and

lyophilization, evaporative precipitation into aqueous solution, use of surfactant, use of co-

solvent, hydrotropy method, use of salt forms, solvent deposition, solubilizing agents,

modification of the crystal habit, co-crystallisation, complexation and drug dispersion in carriers.

Selection of solubility improving method depends on drug property, site of absorption, and

required dosage form characteristics. With the advent of combinatorial chemistry and a high

throughput screening, it has now become possible to improve the aqueous solubility of a number

of otherwise poorly water soluble compounds. This research work aims to describe the

techniques of solubilization for the attainment of effective absorption with improved

bioavailability.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-37

NANOTECHNOLOGY FOR CANCER TREATMENT

Neeta* & Harish Dureja

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, Haryana, India

Emai: [email protected]

Abstract

Recent developments in nanotechnology have provided researchers with new tools for cancer

treatment. Frequent challenges encountered by cancer therapies include nonspecific systemic

distribution of antitumor agents, inadequate drug concentrations reaching the tumor, and the

limited ability to monitor therapeutic responses. Cancer nanotherapeutics are rapidly progressing

and are being implemented to solve several limitations of conventional drug delivery systems

such as nonspecific biodistribution and targeting, lack of water solubility, poor oral

bioavailability, and low therapeutic indices. They are able to carry loaded active drugs to cancer

cells by selectively using the unique pathophysiology of tumors, such as their enhanced

permeability and retention effect and the tumor microenvironment. In this review, attempt has

been made to highlight the use of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for cancer treatment.

PCEU-39

NANOTECHNOLOGY AS A THERAPEUTIC TOOL TO

COMBAT MICROBIAL RESISTANCE

Priya* & Dr. Harish Dureja

Department Of P‟ceutical Sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University,Rohtak

*Email :- [email protected]

Abstract

“Nano-” denotes nanometer (10–9

meter). An emerging integrative approach to treating infectious

diseases is using nanoparticle (NP) forms of traditional and alternative medicines. Following

types of nanoparticles are available like: Nitric oxide-releasing nanoparticles (NO NPs),

chitosan-containing nanoparticles (chitosan NPs), and metal-containing nanoparticles all use

multiple mechanisms simultaneously to combat microbes, thereby making development of

resistance to these nanoparticles unlikely. Nanoparticles can overcome existing drug resistance

mechanisms, including decreased uptake and increased efflux of drug from the microbial cell,

biofilm formation, and intracellular bacteria.Nanocrystalline silver coating effective against

methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA), vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE),

antibiotic-resistant strains Pseudomonas and fungi. Used as an antimicrobial wound dressings in

first and second degree burns. Combining antibiotics with nanoparticles also restores their ability

to destroy bacteria that have acquired resistance to them. Likewise, combining nanoparticles with

antimicrobial peptides and essential oils generates genuine synergy against bacterial resistance.




August 22, 2014


PCEU-40

INSULIN LOADED BILOSOMES FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS

Daisy Arora*, Anu Devi, Bharat Khurana

Doon Valley Institute of Phamacy and Medicine, Karnal (Haryana)

E-Mail: [email protected]

Abstract:

Diabetes is a challenging problem for public health worldwide which can be managed and

controlled through proper medication. Insulin is a protein hormone which promotes the efficient

storage and utilization of the fuel molecules by controlling the transport of metabolites and ions

across the cell membrane. Due to the many drawbacks of the subcutaneous route for

administration of insulin, alternative modes of administering insulin continue to attract

considerable research interest. Oral route is more beneficial than parenteral route because it

improves the patient compliance and reduces infusion related side effects. Various delivery

systems are in study for oral delivery of insulin. For example “Bilosomes” which are lipid-based

vesicle system that consist of non-ionic amphiphiles forming a closed bilayer structure and

incorporating bile salts. Bile salts have been shown to stabilize the membrane against the

detrimental effects of bile acids in gastrointestinal tract. In the present work insulin loaded

Bilosomes were developed and characterized for selective and preferential localization of insulin

via oral route for the treatment of diabetes. The formulation was characterized for their shape and

surface morphology which found to be optimum for oral use. Insulin released from the bilosomes

was characterized by slow release of 28.72% for 4 hrs and followed by controlled release. The

developed delivery systems and their oral mode of delivery overcome the disadvantages of the

classic parenteral delivery. The present investigation is seminal however; elaborative studies and

clinical trials are warranted to assess real potential of the developed carrier systems.

PCEU-41

DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AMPHOTERICIN B LOADED

ETHOSOMES FOR THE ENHANCED TREATMENT OF TOPICAL FUNGAL

INFECTIONS

Bharat Khurana*, Asha Rani, Daisy Arora

Doon Valley Institute of Phamacy and Medicine, Karnal (Haryana)

E-Mail: [email protected]

Abstract:

Fungal skin infections are caused by dermatophytes-types of fungi that cause skin, nail and hair

infections. Fungi are ubiquitous organisms that are capable of colonizing almost any

environment, including all human beings. Infection may be superficial, deep or opportunistic.

Topical administration of antifungal drug remains to be the most efficient and cost effective

strategy. In the present study Amphotericin B loaded ethosomes were developed. Amphotericin




August 22, 2014


B was used because it is broad spectrum antifungal and also effective against all common

dermatophytes viz. epidermophyton, microsporum, trichophyton. Topical preparations are used

for the localized effects at the site of their application by virtue of drug penetration into the

underlying layers of skin or mucous membranes. Conventional formulation of antifungal drug

Amphotericin B i.e. Fungizone cream are being used for treatment of skin infections but these

formulation resulted in severe blistering, itching, redness, peeling, dryness, or irritation of the

skin and also failed to achieve mycological eradication. While novel delivery system i.e.

ethosomes enhanced the penetration of bioactive moiety into the skin, localizes the drug at the

site of action.

PCEU-42

DEGRADATION PRODUCT PROFILING OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE USING

MSN, LC-ESI-MS-TOF AND LC-PDA TECHNIQUES

Gurmeet Singh, Balraj Saini, Gulshan Bansal

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research,

Punjabi University, Patiala – 147002, INDIA

Abstract

The present study reports the degradation behavior of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) under the

conditions of hydrolysis (acid, alkali and water), oxidation (30% H2O2), dry heat and photolysis

(UV-VIS light) in accordance with the ICH guidelines. HCQ and all six degradation products

formed under alkaline photolytic conditions were optimally resolved on an XTerra® RP18

column with mobile phase composed of methanol, acetonitrile and ammonium formate buffer

(20mM, pH 4.5) in an isocratic mode. The drug was stable in all other forced condition. The

products were characterized through +ESI-MSn and LC-ESI-MS-TOF and LC-PDA data of the

drug as well as degradation products. The products I-IV were characterized as N-oxide HCQ,

dechlorinated HCQ, N-desethylated HCQ and N-dealkylated HCQ. The product I and VI were not

characterized due to limited data. This library of HCQ degradation products provides a foundation

for further product development and stability monitoring.

PCEU-43

NANOPARTICLES FOR DRUG DELIVERY TO THE BRAIN

Gourav*, Rakesh pahwa

Institute of pharmaceutical sciences KUK-136009


Abatract

There is extensive research currently being done in the field of nanoparticle drug delivery systm

for brain. One popular diseases being studied in neuroscience today is Alzheimer‟s disease. A



August 22, 2014


few Alzheimer „s drugs that have been studied in particular are rivastigmine ,tacrine, piperine

and circumin.PBCA and PLGA nanoparticles were used as delivery system for these drugs. This

possibly suggest that nanoparticles could provide a promising solution to how these drugs could

cross the BBB. One factor though that still must be considered and accounted for is nanoparticle

accumulation in the body.with long term and frequent injections that are often required to treat

chronic diseases such as Alzheimer‟s disease, with the aid of nanoparticle delivery system

certain drugs now cross BBB and exhibit lower toxicity and decrease adverse effects throughout

the body.

PCEU-44

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ENTERIC COATED

MULTIPARTICULATE SYSTEMS OF ESOMEPRAZOLE MAGNESIUM

S.K.Gupta*1 and I.J.Singhvi

2

1Vidyasthali Inst. of Tech. Science and Management, Jaipur (Raj.)

2Pacific College of Pharmacy, Udaipur (Raj.)


Abstract:

Esomeprazole Magnesium was used as a model drug in the present investigation. It is a

benzoimidazole derivative belonging to a group of proton pump inhibitors. It inhibits gastric acid

secretion at the final step of the acid secretary pathway and thus reduces basal and stimulated

gastric acid secretion irrespective of stimulus. Premature drug release from enteric coated dosage

forms in the stomach potentially results in the degradation of the drug or may cause irritation of

the gastric mucosa. This can be reduced with coated pellets because of a more rapid transit time

compared to enteric coated tablets. The Objective of present work is to develop, formulate and

evaluate the deleyed release pellets of Esomeprazole Magnesium by using different coating

processes for the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastro esophageal reflux

disease (GORD/GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The Delayed release Pellets was

formulated using Esomeprazole Magnesium & MCC in 30:70 ratios. Microcrystalline cellulose

(Avicel) pH101, Kollicoat Protect and Eudragit L30D55 were taken as the formulation variables

for optimizing to keep round shape of pellets and percentage release of drug. The pellets were

evaluated for Physical characterization, Assay, Sizing, Aspect ratio, density, SEM, In-vitro drug

release. Thus, we can conclude that delayed release multi unit particulate system of

Esomeprazole Magnesium by pelletization techniques will serve as a promising approach for the

delivery of the drugs.

PCEU-45

QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF NSAID’S ANTIPLATELET

AGENT IN GASTRORESISTANT FORMULATION



August 22, 2014


S.K.Gupta*1 and I.J.Singhvi

2

1Vidyasthali Inst. of Tech. Science and Management, Jaipur (Raj.)

2Pacific College of Pharmacy, Udaipur (Raj.)


Abstract: The tablet dosage form accounts for approximately 70% of all dosage forms on the market. A

polymer coating is often applied to make the tablet smoother and easier to swallow, to control

the release rate of the active ingredient, to make it more resistant to the environment (extending

its shelf life) or to enhance the tablet's appearance. The main aim of this work is to formulate a

delayed release stable enteric coated tablet of Aspirin to prevent the clot formation in the blood

and used in the disease like Heart attack, Atherosclerosis and increase the stability of tablet by

formulating various batches. Under Preformulation study the organoleptic properties were

complied with British pharmacopoeia (BP) specification. Identification of aspirin carried out by

Infra Red (IR) spectral analysis. Drug excipients compatibility study performed at 40oC /75%

RH of 15 days. Micro crystalline cellulose, Pregelatinized starch and Sodium lauryl sulphate

were used to prepare a blend for direct compression method. To protect the drug form

degradation in acidic environment, final tablet formulation F6 coated with pH dependant

solubility polymer Insta Moist Shield White (IC-G-M-10007). Drug content was found to be

between 90 % to 110 % and it was within the limits. Finally it is concluded that, Aspirin Enteric

Coated 75 mg tablets were prepared by direct compression techniques, showed promising results

when compared with marketed drug.

PCEU-46

NOVEL RP-HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF

PARACETAMOL AND PROMETHAZINE IN SYRUP FORMULATIONS.

Akash Jain1, Jasmine

1*, Vipin Saini

1

M. M. College of Pharmacy, M.M.University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana-133207, India

e-mail: [email protected]

ABSTRACT: Background: Paracetamol with Promethazine HCl is one of the most popular over the counter

drug which is used as antipyretic and antiemetic. A novel, simple, precise, less time consuming,

economical and accurate reverse phase HPLC method has been proposed for their simultaneous

estimation in which chromatographic separation was achieved on Kromasil C18 column with

mobile phase consisting mixture of Water: Methanol: Acetic acid (79:20:1 v/v) at flow rate of 1

mL/min and detector wavelength 249 nm.

Results: Retention time was found to be 3.564 and 5.620 minutes for Paracetamol and

Promethazine respectively and linearity was found to be in concentration range of 10-50 μg/ml

for both drugs. Tailing factor is within the range (< 1) and number of theoretical plates is more

than 2500. The proposed method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision




August 22, 2014


according to ICH guidelines. % RSD was found to be less than 2 indicating the method to be

precise and accurate.

Conclusion: The results indicate that the proposed method can be used for the routine analysis

of Paracetamol and Promethazine in combined dosage form without interference of the

excipients present in formulation.

PCEU-47

NANOPARTICLES: NOVEL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR CANCER

Komal*, Rakesh Pahwa

Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra

E- Mail: [email protected]

Abstract

A nanoparticle is a small object that behaves as a whole unit in terms of its transport properties.

Nanoparticles size ranges from 100 and 2500 nanometer. Technological advantages of

nanoparticles are targeting drugs to specific sites in the body, reduced toxicity, and enhanced

uptake of antitumour agents. Compared to direct drug delivery through a carrier can increase the

efficacy of a drug, but decrease the side effects and tumor specific targeting. The small colloidal

carriers like biodegradable and drug substances can be incorporated normally by a process of

surface adsorption. These biocompatible nanoparticles, with an enlarged surface area volume

ratio can overcome cellular and non cellular based mechanisms of resistance and increase the

selectivity of drug towards cancer cells, while reducing their toxicity towards normal tissues. The

polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles have been studied in recent years as a possible means of

targeting drugs to specific sites in the body, with particular emphasis to cancer chemotherapy.

Some anticancer drugs those are either entrapped or adsorbed onto polyalkylcyanoacrylate

nanoparticles. Other biodegradable polymers like polyvinylpyrrolidine are also investigated for

drug delivery in cancer therapy. These include dexamethasone in poly(lacitde-co-glycolide)

nanoparticles and taxol in polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanoparticles.

PCEU-48

TRANSDERMAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Rajni Devi*, Mr. Tarun Kumar Sharma, Priya Sharma

LR College of Pharmacy, Solan. Email:[email protected]

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery system defined as the administration of therapeutic drugs through the

skin. Transdermal delivery not only provides controlled, constant administration of the drug, but

also allows continuous input of drugs with short biological half lives, and eliminates pulsed entry




August 22, 2014


into systemic circulation, which often causes undesirable side effects. The common ingredients

which are used for transdermal drug delivery are as drug, liners, adhesive, permeation enhancers

and backing layer. There are different types of transdermal patches which are generally used in

transdermal drug delivery such as single layer drug in adhesive, multilayer drug in adhesive,

vapour patch, reservoir system, matrix system, microreservoir system. Transdermal drug delivery

provides a means to sustain drug release as well as reduce the intensity of action and thus reduce

the side effects associated with its oral therapy. The drug delivery is designed to support the

passage of drug substances from the surface of skin, through its various layers and into the

systemic circulation. Taking into account the advantages of transdermal drug delivery system, it

can be considered a perfect alternative for drugs whose enteral and parenteral dosage forms

having drawbacks in performances and also in patient compliance. Many drugs with a

hydrophilic structure permeate the skin too slowly to be of therapeutic benefit. Drugs with a

lipophillic character, however, are better suited for transdermal delivery.

PCEU-49

NATURAL THERAPY BASED ON NATURAL POLYMERS USED FOR COLONIC

DISEASES

Mohini Sharma*, Surender Verma

Email id: [email protected]

Abstract

Colonic drug delivery has gained increased importance for the delivery of the drugs for the

treatment of local diseases associated with the colon. To achieve successful colonic delivery,

colon targeting is of prime importance. Various natural therapies are available for the treatment

of colonic diseases like ulcerative colitis, IBS, colon cancer, diverticulitis, etc based on natural

polymers such as guar gum, pectin, dextran, chitosan, inulin, amylose, etc. Natural polymers are

used as excipients in formulation of various dosage forms and are obtained from various sources.

Interest in these biodegradable polymers is increasing day by day because these are safe, non-

toxic, and economic and are chemically compatible with the other excipients in the formulation.

Non- starch, linear polysaccharides remain intact in the physiological environment of the

stomach and the small intestine, but are degraded by the bacterial inhabitants of human colon

which make them potentially successful in targeted delivery systems to the colon. Certain single

herbs used in the treatment of colonic diseases are Aloe Vera, Curcuma longa, Curcuma

xanthorrhiza, Cynara scolymus, Slippery elm, Tormentil extracts, Bromelain, Psyllium, etc.

There are certain preparations such as Boswellia serrata nanoparticles, curcumin microspheres

available in the market to treat colon cancer. Various approaches that can be exploited to target

the release of drug to colon include prodrug formation, coating with ph sensitive polymers and

biodegradable polymers, embedding in biodegradable matrices, hydrogel, time release systems,

osmotic and bioadhesive systems. However, recently continues efforts have been taken on

designing colon-specific delivery systems with improved site specificity and versatile drug

release kinetics.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-50

Development & Characterization of Losartan loaded Floating Gastroretentive

Microspheres

Ashish single1, S. K. Singh

2, D. N. Mishra

2

1JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa-125055 (Haryana)

2Deptt. of Pharmaceutics, G.J.U.S. & T., Hisar-125001(Haryana)

E-mail ID- [email protected]

Abstract The objective of present research work was to formulate and evaluate in-vitro performances of

floating gastroretentive microspheres of Losartan for potential use of treating hypertension by

blocking Angiotensin receptors. Losartan floating microspheres containing Eudragit RS 100 &

RL 100 polymer were prepared by solvent evaporation technique with different concentration of

these polymers. The formulation factors like: drug: polymer ratio, concentration of emulsifier,

aqueous: oil phase ratio, viscosity of aqueous phase, stirring speed and stirring time on particle

size, drug encapsulation, process yield and drug release behaviour were studied. Microspheres

were found spherical, free flowing, high percentage drug entrapment efficiency and floating

property. Particle size was determined by optical micrometer and average particle size was found

in the range of 80-120 micrometer for all batches. The optimized batch exhibited a high drug

entrapment efficiency of 65 %, high percentage yield i.e. 85 % and high floating duration of 11

hrs. The drug was also showing sustained drug release pattern for more than 24 hours. The

release profiles of all Microspheres formulations best fitted into Higuchi model which described

drug release from homogeneous & granular matrix system. In conclusion, the results of the

present investigation showed that floating microsphere can be promising delivery system for

improvement of bioavailability of low bioavailable drug like Losartan which have narrow

absorption window in upper part of GIT.

PCEU-51

AN OVERVIEW ON SELF-ASSEMBLED NANOPARTICULATE

CARRIER SYSTEM: AQUASOMES

Swati Aggarwal*

1, Deepa Batra

1, Kunwar Singh

1, Vaibhav Gupta

1

1Doon Valley Institute of Pharmacy & Medicine, Karnal, Haryana

ABSTRACT

In the past few years many approaches were tried for the improvement of the drug delivery.

Nanoparticulate carrier system contributes one of the self assembling approaches for the delivery

of pharmaceutical agents. Aquasomes are one of the most recently developed nanoparticulate

carrier system for the delivery of bioactive molecules like peptide, protein, hormones, antigens

and genes to specific sites. Instead of being simple nanoparticles these are three layered self



August 22, 2014


assembled structures, comprised of a solid phase nanocrystalline core coated with oligomeric

film to which biochemically active molecules are adsorbed with or without modification. They

contain nanocrystalline calcium phosphate or ceramic diamond covered by a glassy

polyhydroxyl oligomeric film. Three types of core materials are mainly used for producing

aquasomes: tin oxide, nanocrystalline carbon ceramics (diamonds) and brushite (calcium

phosphate dihydrate). Aquasomes are spherical (5-925nm) particles and are called as “bodies of

water". Their water like properties protects and preserves fragile biological molecules. Properties

like protection and preservation of fragile biological molecules, conformational integrity, and

surface exposure made it as a successful carrier system for bioactive molecules like peptide,

protein, hormones, antigens and genes to specific sites. Enzyme activity and sensitivity towards

molecular conformation made aquasome as a novel carrier for enzymes like DNA and pigment/

dyes. This report reviews the principles of self assembly, the challenges of maintaining both the

conformational integrity and biochemical activity of immobilized surface pairs, and the

convergence of these principles into a single functional composition.

PCEU-52

SCREENING OF DIFFERENT GROWTH MEDIUM FOR EXTRACELLULAR

BACTERIAL SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES: NEW METHOD

Divya Bhatia and Deepak Kumar Malik

Department of Biotechnology Engineering,UIET, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-

136119,Haryana, India, Email id: [email protected]

Abstract

In the recent past, paramount importance is given to research in the field of nanotechnology

owing to its applications in various fields. Nanoparticles have been known to be used for

numerous physical, biological and pharmaceutical applications. The synthesis of silver

nanoparticles (AgNPs) has received considerable attention with their potential applications in

various life sciences related applications. Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) have extensive

applications in civil, therapeutic and industrial areas as catalyst, cryogenic superconductor,

biosensor, microelectronic and bacteriostatic materials. Currently, there is a growing need to

develop environmentally benevolent nanoparticle synthesis processes that do not use toxic

chemicals in the synthesis protocol. Among the various known synthesis methods, biosynthesis

of silver nanoparticles is preferred as it is environmentally safe, low cost and less toxic.In the

present study, we have demonstrated the extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by

bacterial strains isolated from a soil sample collected from the metal contaminated site in India.

Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was observed with in only few minutes under bright

conditions. Nanoparticles formation was not observed under dark conditions even after 4 days.

Some other studies have reported the extracellular biosynthesis of AgNPs by using nutrient broth

medium, but formation of AgNPs was observed even when only the nutrient broth was added to

silver nitrate solution. In the present study, BSM was used as a culture medium and synthesis of

silver nanoparticles was not observed when only BSM was added to silver nitrate solution. So,

this is the first study that reports the real biosynthesis of AgNPs. The nanoparticles of silver were



August 22, 2014


characterized based on UV-Visible spectroscopy. The silver nanoparticles exhibited maximum

absorbance at 420 nm in UV–Visible spectroscopy. Further characterization of AgNPs will be

done using TEM, SEM and XRD. .

PCEU-53

DENDRIMERS: PROMISING NANODEVICES FOR TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY

Anshul Garg*1

and Rakesh Pahwa1


*E-mail:- [email protected]

Abstract

Dendrimers are a family of nanosized, three-dimensional polymers characterized by unique tree-

like branching architecture and compact spherical geometry in solution. Attractive features such

as narrow polydispersity index, excellent control over molecular structure, availability of

multiple functional groups at the periphery and cavities in the interior distinguish them amongst

the polymers. The biological fate of dendrimer mediated drugs can be significantly altered based

on their intrinsic physicochemical properties including the hydrophilicity of the unit molecules,

particle size, surface charge and modification. This approach certainly promises a reliable, safe,

selective and precise method of targeted drug delivery. These are being adopted as tool for

targeted drug delivery in many avenues including drug delivery, immunology and the

development of vaccines, antimicrobials and antivirals. Hence, the present endeavour focuses on

various fundamental of dendrimers and their utilization as drug delivery in the treatment of

various disorders.

Keywords:-Dendrimers, Drug Delivery, Nano Carriers

PCEU-54

NIOSOMES: A POTENTIAL VESICULAR DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Yugam Taneja*1

and Rakesh Pahwa1


*E-mail:[email protected]

ABSTRACT

Niosomes are non-ionic surfactant vesicles obtained on hydration of synthetic nonionic

surfactants with or without incorporation of cholesterol or their lipids. These are vesicular drug

delivery systems that can be utilized as carriers of both amphiphilic and lipophilic drugs. They

are biodegradable, biocompatible nonimmunogenic and exhibit flexibility in their structural

characterization. Niosomes are preferred over liposomes because the former exhibit high

chemical stability and economy. Niosomes have been widely evaluated for controlled release and


August 22, 2014


targeted delivery for the treatment of cancer, viral infections and other microbial diseases.

Niosomes can prolong the circulation of the entrapped drug in body. Encapsulation of drug in

vesicular system can be predicted to prolong the existence of drug in the systemic circulation and

enhance penetration into target tissue, perhaps reduce toxicity if selective uptake can be

achieved. Niosomes also serve as better aid in diagnostic imaging and vaccine adjuvant.The

present endeavour focuses on the advantages, disadvantages, preparation methods, factors

affecting, characterization aspects, in-vitro methods, drug release kinetics and applications of

niosomes.

Keywords: Niosomes, Pharmaceutical applications, Methods, Characterization aspects

PCEU-55

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF GREEN SYNTHESIS SILVER NANOPARTICLES

AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS

Swati Kodan and Deepak Kumar Malik

Department of Biotechnology Engineering,UIET, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-

136119,Haryana, India, Email id: [email protected]

Abstract

Synthesis of nanoparticles has been the subject of a lot of studies due to its commercial demands

and wide applicability in various areas. Nanotechnology is an emerging field, nanoparticles is

helpful in investigation and regulation at cell level interaction between synthetic and biological

materials. In many areas of human science these materials are superior and indispensable due to

its unique size dependent.The chemical and physical methods of silver nanoparticles synthesis

were being followed over the decades, but they are found to be expensive and the use of various

toxic chemicals for their synthesis makes the biological synthesis more preferred option. The

easy availability, nontoxic nature and quicker synthesis make plant extracts ideal choice for

nanosilver synthesis. The bacterial, fungal, plant extract sources can be used for nanosilver

synthesis. The plants (Lawsonia inermis stem, Andrographis paniculata leaf, Ocimum

tenuiflorum root, Piper longum stem) play an important role in the reduction and stabilization of

silver. The green synthesized AgNPs showed antibacterial activity on both bacteria and fungus

i.e. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis,

Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The use of silver nanoparticles in drug delivery

systems might be the future thrust in the field of medicine.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-56

NEW HORIZONS IN THE VISTAS OF MICROEMULSIONS FOR IMPROVED DRUG

DELIVERY

Parveen Kumar*1

andRakesh Pahwa1

1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KurukshetraUniversity, Kurukshetra


ABSTRACT

Micro-emulsions are excellent candidate as a potential drug delivery system because of their

improved drug solubilization,longshelf life, ease of preparation and administration. Association

of drugs with carriers is normally non-covalent basedon collective strength of weak binding

forces. They are clear, stable, isotropic mixtures of oil, water and surfactant in combination with

a co-surfactant.Micro-emulsions are readily distinguished from normal emulsions by their

transparency, low viscosityand more fundamentally their thermodynamic stability.These systems

are currently ofinterest to the scientific community worldwide because of their considerable

potential to actas drug delivery vehicles by incorporating a wide range of drug molecules. There

are pharmaceutically acceptable dosage form with clearunderstanding of the micro-emulsion

structure, phase behavior, factors leading toits thermodynamic stability, factors influencing drug

release, the potential uses andlimitations of the micro-emulsion system.

Key-words: Micro-emulsions, Surfactants, Co-surfactants, Thermodynamic stability

PCEU-57

NANOPARTICLES-IN-MICROPARTICLES SYSTEMS: An Overview

Parijat Pandey and Harish Dureja

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001

[email protected]

Abstract: Nanoparticles-in-Microparticles System (NiMS) can be defined as a novel drug delivery system

that combines particles of nano- and micro- ranges for drug and gene delivery in specific regions

of the body. The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to a nanoparticles matrix.

These NiMS can be further useful for the development of new drug-loaded ODTs. The major

goals in designing NiMS as delivery system are to control particles size, surface properties and

release of pharmacologically active agents in order to achieve the site-specific action of the drug

at the therapeutically optimal rate and dose regimen. There are various methods used for

preparation of NiMS such as ionic gelation, emulsion cross-linked method, coacervation/

precipitation, nanoprecipitation, spray-drying, emulsion-droplet coalescence, salting-out method,

sieving method, emulsification diffusion method. The aim of the present study is to highlight the

applications of NiMS in pharmaceutical drug delivery.


August 22, 2014


PCEU-59

RELEVANCE OF VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF TASTE MASKING FOR BITTER

DRUGS

Himanshu*1, Abhinav Singh Rana and Rakesh Pahwa

1


*E-mail:- [email protected]

Abstract Acceptability of any drug dosage form generally depends over its taste i.e. mouth sensation.

Drug molecule interacts with taste receptor on the tongue to provide bitter, sweet or other taste

sensation, when they dissolve in saliva. This sensation of taste is the result of signal transduction

from the receptor organs for taste commonly known as taste buds. Taste is one of the most

important aspects of formulation development of oral liquids, disintegrating tablets, chewing

tablets or mouth dissolving tablets in terms of patient compliance. Now, these days most of the

potent drugs that may be cardiac, analgesics, anti-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, antibacterial,

anticoagulant, antiepileptic, diuretics, anti-thyroids, histamine receptor antagonists, oral

vaccines, nutritional agents etc. are bitter in taste. Therefore, it becomes necessary to develop

such dosage form that must be acceptable in taste of patient especially in case of paediatrics and

geriatrics patients as taste masking of bitterness becomes essential. To overcome problem of

bitterness, many techniques have been developed worldwide. These techniques are not only

masking the bitter taste of drug but also enhance the bioavailability and performance of drug

dosage form. It includes adding sugar, use of lipoproteins, numbing of taste buds, granulation,

coating drugs, solid dispersions, viscosity modifier, microencapsulation, multiple emulsion and

salt formation, inclusion and molecular complexes and ion exchange resins which have been

explored by the scientific community to mask the unpleasant taste of the bitter drugs.

Keywords: Mouth sensation, Disintegrating tablets, Microencapsulation, Taste masking

PCEU-60

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LEVOFLOXACIN SUSTAINED RELEASE

TABLET

Komal Goswami*, Vaneeta Chaudhary, Gaurav Khurana, Priti Mehndiratta, Jyoti Dahiya,

Minakshi Gupta,

Shri Baba Mast Nath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Asthal Bohar.

Abstract

Suitable analytical method based on UV-Visible spectrophotometer was developed for

levofloxacin. Wavelength of 290nm in 0.1N HCl and pH 6.8 buffer was identified. Levofloxacin

sustained release tablets were prepared by using ethyl cellulose, HPMC and HPC as excipients

by wet granulation method. The manufacturing process was standardised and found to be

reproducible. The prepared formulation may reduce the dosing intervals, side effects and



August 22, 2014


increase the efficacy of drug for treating bacterial infections. Evaluation parameters showed

satisfactory results. Formulation containing HPMC showed better release and finalised. It was

found to exhibit satisfactory physico-chemical characteristics and followed zero order kinetics.

Accelerated stability studies for three months showed that tablets were stable. The sustained

release tablets of levofloxacin were developed successfully.

PCEU-61

Preparation and characterization of nanostructured lipid carriers based topical delivery of

diclofenac

Neelam Poonia, Anil Kumar, Deepti Pandita, Viney Lather

JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa-125055, Haryana, India


Abstract

Diclofenac, an NSAID, has been recommended orally for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

and osteoarthritis. It also has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activity. The oral

administration of diclofenac causes gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding in chronic use.

Transdermal delivery of diclofenac may avoid these side effects, may help in the better patient

compliance and bypasses first pass metabolism. However, several problems have been reported

with the conventional topical preparations e.g. low uptake due to the barrier function of stratum

corneum. Therefore, an improved diclofenac formulation is desirable which gives high degree of

permeation. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have gained more attention for minimizing the

side effects and enhance dermal penetration. In the present research work, Diclofenac sodium

loaded NLCs were prepared by modified solvent injection method for enhancing the dermal

penetration and minimizing side effects associated with its oral delivery. Various variables were

optimized i.e liquid lipid content, amount of surfactant, time of stirring, homogenization speed

and drug content. Diclofenac sodium loaded NLCs having mean particle size of 88.2±1.6 nm

with lower PDI value 0.189±0.043 and high zeta potential value (-28.18±2.10) were obtained.

Also, DSC analysis confirmed that diclofenac sodium was successfully encapsulated and present

in amorphous state in NLCs. Ex vivo permeation study of Diclofenac sodium loaded NLCs gel

showed biphasic drug release pattern with initial burst release followed by sustained release. The

NLCs subjected to stability studies at 25±2°C/60±5 RH and 4±2°C for 45 days were found to be

stable. Overall it can be concluded that the developed NLCs have enormous potential for topical

delivery of bioactives.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-62

TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Atul Attri*1

, Priti Mehndiratta1, Upma

1, Jyoti Dahiya

1, Komal Goswami

1, Minakshi Gupta

1

1Shri Baba Mast Nath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Asthal Bohar.

Abstract

Targeted drug delivery is a method of delivering medication to a patient in a manner that

increases the concentration of the medication in some parts of the body relative to others.

Targeted delivery of drugs, as the name suggests, is to assist the drug molecule to reach

preferably to the desired site. The inherent advantage of this technique has been the reduction in

dose & side effect of the drug. There are different types of drug delivery vehicles, such as

polymeric micelles, liposomes, lipoprotein-based drug carriers, nano-particle drug carriers,

dendrimers, etc. The advantages to the targeted release system is the reduction in the frequency

of the dosages taken by the patient, having a more uniform effect of the drug and reduced

fluctuation in circulating drug levels. The system is based on a method that delivers a certain

amount of a therapeutic agent for a prolonged period of time to a targeted diseased area within

the body. This helps maintain the required plasma and tissue drug levels in the body, thereby

preventing any damage to the healthy tissue via the drug. The most important application of

targeted drug delivery is to treat cancerous tumors. Future of targeted drug delivery is promising

and going to set the new trend in pharmaceutical world.

PCEU-63

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY

SYSTEM FOR DOMPERIDONE

Pokali Sarabaiah*1, Upma

1, Komal Goswami

1, Rakesh Kumar Marwaha

2, Minakshi Gupta

1


2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak

ABSTRACT

Floating drug delivery system for domperidone was prepared to improve the bioavailability of

the drug, reduce the dosing frequency of drug and to increase the residence time in the stomach.

Floating tablets of Domperidone were prepared by employing HPMC polymers, ethyl cellulose

as a hydrophobic floating enhancer, Sodium bicarbonate as a gas-generating agent in

formulations by wet granulation method. The prepared tablets were characterized for physical

properties like bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr‟s index, Hausner´s ratio. All

the blends showed satisfactory properties with formulation F5 showing the best results for all

these parameters. Tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, thickness, hardness,

percentage (%) friability and in vitro \release studies. The formulation F5 containing HPMC:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_delivery

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancerous_tumor


August 22, 2014


ethyl cellulose ratio (1:2) has been found to be the best formulation on the basis of above

evaluation parameters.

PCEU-64

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE RELEASE TABLET OF

AMLODIPINE

Priti Mehndiratta

*1, Sunil Chawla

1, Upma


2, Minakshi Gupta

1



Abstract

An immediate release dosage form has emerged as an alternative oral dosage form because it

disintegrate rapidly after oral administration with enhanced rate of dissolution. In this study

immediate release tablets of Amlodipine were formulated by direct compression method. Nine

formutions S1-S3, C1-C3, P1-P3 of immediate release oral tablets were prepared by using

different disintegrants ( sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone) to get

desired release profile. Various evaluation parameters like weight variation, hardness, friability,

thickness, disintegration test and in-vitro drug release studies were performed. The optimized

formulation P3 showed satisfactory hardness (3.40 Kg/cm2), friability (0.60), weight (200.77

mg), disintegration time (58 sec.) and stability. The comparison of all the batches prepared by

different concentration of different superdisntegrants showed that batch P3 (1.5 % crospovidone)

is the best batch among all the batches due to maximum drug release (98.83 %).

PCEU-65

MICROPARTICULATE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Rahul Rathee

*1, Priti Mehndiratta

1, Upma

1, Gaurav Khurana

1, Komal Goswami

1, Jyoti Dahiya

1


Abstract

Particulate drug delivery systems have become important in experimental pharmaceutics and

clinical medicine. Carrier technology offers an intelligent approach for drug delivery by coupling

the drug to a carrier particle cuch as microsphere, nanoparticles etc. which modulate the release

and absorption characteristics of the drug. Microparticles constitute an important part of this

particulate drug delivery system by virtue of their small size and efficient carrier characteristics.

Microparticles are proving to be a boon in overcoming the difficulties associated with traditional

method of administration. They have been used in vivo to protect the drug entity in the systemic

circulation, restrict access of the drug to the chosen sites and to deliver the drug at a controlled

and sustained rate to the site of action. Various polymers have been used in the formulation of


August 22, 2014


microparticles for drug delivery research to increase therapeutic benefit, while minimizing side

effects. Microparticles were initially developed as a carrier for vaccines and anti-cancer drugs.

Microparticles have been proven to be useful in this manner for the delivery of various active

pharmaceutical ingredients.

PCEU-66

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

FOR FAMOTIDINE

Upma*1

, Sombir Singh1, Priti Mehndiratta


2, Minakshi Marwaha

1



Abstract

Floating drug delivery system of Famotidine was developed for local action in stomach, to

prolong gastric residence time and increase drug bioavailability. The floating tablets of

Famotidine were prepared by direct compression technique using polymers such as

hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K-30). Sodium

bicarbonate was used as a gas releasing agent. The effect of various concentration of HPMC

K4M and sodium bicarbonate was studied. The formulations were optimized on the basis of

floating lag time, swelling behaviour and in-vitro drug release. The floating lag time ranged from

30 to 130 sec and swelling index value ranged from 97.71 % to 98.40 % for all the five

formulations prepared. The cumulative drug release ranged from 72.40 % to 82.40 % for all the

batches according to HPMC K4M used in the formula. The mechanism of famotidine release

from the floating tablets of F4 containing HPMC K4M (15%) and sodium bicarbonate (10%)

followed Korsemeyer peppas model with highest r2 value of 0.997. Thus F4 batch was

considered as the optimized batch from all the five batches prepared. The results also showed

that there is increase in swelling with increase in polymer concentration.

PCEU-67

TARGETING IMMUNE SYSTEM BY NANOPARTICLES TO COMBAT CANCER

Sandeep Kumar*, Viney Lather, Deepti Pandita



Abstract

Immune system safeguards the host from malignancies and able to mount responses against

tumors. The cancer immunotherapy approaches are more effective and better tolerated than more

conventional treatments. Efforts to harness the immune system and to restore immune

surveillance for cancer treatment are not novel, but progress has been slow for decades.



August 22, 2014


However, recent encouraging clinical success of several anticancer immunotherapies as well as

synergistic effects of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, may herald a new era for anticancer

immunotherapy. The triumph concept of therapeutic cancer vaccines utilize the activation of the

immune system against tumor cells without collateral damage and has revolutionized the cancer

therapy, but the major hurdle for their clinical use is the unspecific delivery to the multiple sites.

Advances in protein engineering and materials science have facilitated the novel nanoscale

targeting approaches that could provide new insights to cancer immunotherapy. The efficiency of

a vaccine mainly depends on the efficient targeting of the innate immune system. Engineered

nanoparticles have shown great promise in vaccine delivery mainly due to the prolonged as well

as targeted delivery of tumor-associated antigens and immunomodulatory substances. A large

number of promising nano-sized tools have provided a boost to the field. We discuss recent

advances in the study and use of selectively immune system targeted nanoparticles in cancer

therapy.

PCEU-68

TRANSFERSOME: A NOVEL TRANSDERMAL CARRIER SYSTEM

Rajesh Kumar*, Viney Lather, Deepti Pandita



Abstract

Transfersome egresses as a challenging carrier for drug delivery via transdermal route. It is

readily prepared by dissolving the lipid and surfactant in the minimum amount of acceptable

solvent and the least amount of aqueous phase. Transfersomes consist of both hydrophobic and

hydrophilic moieties, which can facilitate entrapment of wide range of therapeutics having

diverse solubility profile. The high deformability of transfersomes enhances penetration of intact

vesicles through narrow constriction. Various factors such as cost, penetration, stability etc.

make the carrier more efficient than liposomes in drug delivery. The carrier could be highly

valuable in the delivery of drugs through ophthalmic, topical, parental routes etc. Moreover

peripheral drug targeting as well as transdermal immunization can also be possible using this

system. Extensive research has been to be made on this novel drug delivery system to explore its

potential in the delivery of low as well as high molecular weight drugs e.g. corticosteroids,

anaesthetic agents, hormones, insulin, anticancer agents etc. Thus, this novel carrier has a great

potential to overcome several problems faced by the conventional techniques.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-69

GASTRIC RETENTION: AN APPROACH TO ORAL CONTROLLED DRUG

DELIVERY SYSTEM

Jyoti Dahiya*, Upma, Priti Mehndiratta, Komal Goswami, Minakshi Gupta

Shri Baba Mast Nath Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Asthal Bohar

Abstract

The purpose to study this approach is to develop a long -term oral controlled-release dosage form

which has been difficult mainly because of the transit of the dosage form through the

gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Gastroretentive dosage forms have many advantages and enhance the

bioavailability of drug that are characterized by a narrow absorption window. Various scientific

and technological advancements have been made in the research and development of rate-

controlled oral drug delivery systems, such as short gastric residence time (GRT) and

unpredictable gastric emptying time (GET). Several approaches have been used these days to

enhance gastric residence time. Most common of these approaches are floating drug delivery

system, high-density system, mucoadhesive system, magnetic system and swellable systems.

PCEU-70

GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A POTENTIAL APPROACH FOR

GASTRIC RETENTION

H. S. Chawda1, Y. S. Tanwar

2, S. Pathak

1 , Deepika Deopa

1 & Garima

1. Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan.

2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Bhupal Nobles‟ College of Pharmacy, Udaipur Rajasthan.


Abstract:

Oral drug delivery system is the preferred route of administration of drugs because of low cost of

therapy, ease of administration and high levels of patient compliance. But the issue of poor

bioavailability of orally administered drugs is still a challenging one, though extensive

advancements in drug discovery process are made. Drugs with narrow absorption window in the

gastrointestinal tract have poor absorption. Gastric emptying of dosage forms is an extremely

variable process and ability to prolong and control the emptying time is a valuable asset for

dosage forms, which reside in the stomach for a longer period of time than conventional dosage

forms. Therefore, gastroretentive drug delivery systems (GRDDS) have been developed, which

prolong the gastric emptying time. Several techniques such as floating drug delivery system, low

density systems, raft systems, mucoadhesive systems, high density systems, superporous

hydrogels and magnetic systems, have been employed. These forms are expected to remain

buoyant on gastric content without affecting intrinsic rate of emptying. This results in prolonged

gastric retention time of floating forms which improve bioavailability of drug and also improve



August 22, 2014


clinical situations. Prolonged gastric retention not only improves the bioavailability and reduces

drug waste but also improves solubility for drugs that are less soluble in a high pH environment.

It has applications also for local drug delivery to the stomach and proximal small intestines.

Gastro retention helps to provide better availability of new products with new therapeutic

possibilities and substantial benefits for patients. Hence it can be concluded that GRDDS

promises to be a potential approach for gastric retention.

Key words: Bioavailability, Gastric Emptying, Gastro Retentive Drug Delivery Systems.

PCEU-71

TARGETED PRODRUG STRATEGY FOR OPTIMIZED DRUG DELIVERY

*Mona Piplani and Prabodh Chander Sharma

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119

Abstract

Prodrugs, the bioreversible derivatives of drug molecules, are designed to maximize the amount

of active pharmaceutical agent that reaches its site of action, through manipulation of its

physicochemical, biopharmaceutical or pharmacokinetic parameters. Conventional prodrug

design often represents a nonspecific chemical approach to masquerade detrimental drug

properties such as limited bioavailability, lack of site specificity, and chemical instability. On the

other hand, targeted prodrug design represents an innovative approach for directed and

competent drug delivery. Prodrugs can be designed to target specific enzymes or carriers by

considering enzyme-substrate specificity or carrier-substrate specificity in order to prevail over

various undesirable drug properties. This type of "targeted-prodrug" design requires considerable

knowledge of particular enzymes or carrier systems, including their molecular and functional

characteristics. Recently, advances in gene cloning and controlled gene expression techniques in

mammalian cells have allowed the elucidation of the molecular nature of enzymes and carrier

proteins and make possible more rational design of "targeted-prodrugs." 5-(Aziridine-1-yl)-2,4-

nitrobenzamide (CB 1954) for DT diaphorase enzyme, peptidyl-p-phenylenediamine-mustard for

plasmin enzyme, 5-fluorocytosine for cytosine deaminase enzyme and amygdalin for glucosidase

enzyme, etc. are few examples of enzyme targeted prodrugs. The targeted prodrug approach,

which can be pooled with gene delivery and controlled expression of enzymes and carrier

proteins, will optimistically be a promising strategy for precise as well as efficient drug delivery

and consequently would be supportive for treatment of various diseases.


August 22, 2014


PCEU-72

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SILYBUM MARIANUM LOADED

MICROSPONGES

Archana Kaushik⃰, Sanju Nanda, Anju Dhiman

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MDU (ROHTAK)


Abstract

Aim: In the present research study, microsponges of S.marianum extract have been prepared and

evaluated.

Materials & Method

The sample of S.marianum seeds and eudragit RS100 were obtained as a gift from Himalaya

Drug Company, Saharanpur and Pharma Polymers (Degussa), respectively. All other polymers

and chemicals used in formulation and evaluation were obtained from Loba chemie and were of

analytical grade. Microsponges of S.marianum extract were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent

diffusion method using ethyl cellulose and eudragit RS 100 as polymers. The external phase

comprised of PVA and Distilled Water, and internal phase comprised of S.marianum extract,

solvent, polymers. The internal phase containing S.marianum extract and eudragit polymer, ethyl

cellulose was added drop wise to the external phase with stirring at about 1500 rpm. After 10

hours of stirring, microsponges were formed which were collected on a filter paper, washed with

water and dried overnight at room temperature. The microsponges were collected, passed

through sieve followed by particle size analysis and study of flow properties.

Result: Microsponges of S.marianum extract were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion

method. The method seems to be promising for the preparation of S.marianum extract

microsponges. Flow properties of pure drug and formulation were also good.

Conclusion:

Quasi –emulsion solvent diffusion seems to be a promising method for the preparation of

S.marianum extract microsponges as it is a rapid, easy, reproducible method and has an

advantage of avoiding solvent toxicity.

PCEU-73

A REVIEW: FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Binkatesh Kumar*, Meenali Mishra and Dr. Ritu Gilhotra

GyanVihar School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur

Abstract

The Purpose of this paper is focus on principle mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric

retention. In recent Years, scientific and technological advancement have been made in research

and development of oral drug delivery system. Oral drug delivery system is complicated by

limited gastric residence time and unpredictable gastric emptying time. To overcome these

limitations, various approaches have been proposed to increased gastric residence of drug



August 22, 2014


delivery systems, in upper part of the gastrointestinal tract includes floating drug delivery system

(FDDS), swelling or expanding systems, mucoadhesive systems, magnetic systems, modified-

shape systems, high density system and other gastric emptying devices. Floating drug delivery

system have been most commonly used to overcome these limitations and prolong gastric

retention for more than 12 hours. It enhances bioavailability, reduces drug waste, enhance

solubility of drug that less soluble in high PH environment. Floating drug delivery systems have

a bulk density less than gastric fluid and so remain buoyant in the stomach for a prolonged

period of time, releasing the drug slowly at the desired rate from the system. Dosage form

available as gastric floating system includes tablets, capsules, granules and microspheres.

Key Words: Prolong gastric residence time, buoyant system, Oral drug delivery system,

PCEU-74

NOVEL TRENDS IN PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY

Sarit Dhiman*1

, Rakesh Pahwa1


* E-mail:[email protected]

Abstract

Pulsatile drug delivery systems have attracted attention of large number of investigators globally

because of their multiple benefits over conventional dosage forms. Pulsatile drug delivery

systems are basically time controlled drug delivery systems that deliver the drug at specific time

as per the pathophysiological need of the disease resulting in improved patient compliance and

therapeutic efficacy. A pulsatile drug release where the drug is released rapidly after a well

defined lag-time could be advantageous for many drugs and therapies. These systems are design

according to the circadian rhythm of the body. Diseases where in these systems are promising

include asthma, peptic ulcer, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis etc. These systems can be

classified into time controlled systems wherein the drug release is controlled primarily by the

delivery system; stimuli induced pulsatile drug delivery system in which release is controlled by

the stimuli such as pH or enzymes present in the intestinal tract or enzymes present in the drug

delivery system and externally regulated systems where release is programmed by external

stimuli such as magnetism, ultrasound, electrical effect and irradiation. In conclusion, pulsatile

drug delivery system holds good promises of benefits to the patients suffering from various

chronic diseases.


August 22, 2014


PCEU-76

FORMULATION & EVALUATION OF NIMESULIDE ENTRAPPED NIOSOMES

Himmat Singh*, Ritu M Gilhotra, Meenali Mishra & Binketsh

Gyan Vihar School Of Pharmacy,

Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302017


Abstract

The delivery of drugs by “vesicular drug delivery system” such as niosomes or non-ionic

surfactants vesicles provides several important advantages over conventional drug therapy.

Niosomes are microscopic lamellar structures formed on the admixture of a non-ionic surfactant,

cholesterol and phosphate with subsequent hydration in aqueous media.

The aim of the study was to design suitable niosome-encapsulated drug delivery for anti-

inflammatory drugs like nimesulide and evaluate the vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency, in

vitro release and physical stability of the system. Non-ionic surfactants used were span 20, 40, 60

and cholesterol was used in different molar ratios. The niosomes prepared by lipid film hydration

method were multilamellar vesicles (MLVS) and niosomes prepared by ether injection technique

were unilamellar vesicles (ULVS) or oligolamellar vesicles. The higher entrapment efficiency

was observed with MLVS prepared from span 60 and cholesterol in an 80:70 molar ratio. The

invitro diffusion study suggests that higher entrapment efficiency was related with slow release

comparatively. The release pattern shown by these formulations were zero order & higuchi

diffusion controlled mechanism. The physical stability study show that niosomal preparation

stored at refrigerated temperature for 60 days show maximum drug retained for all the

formulation compare to room temperature and elevated temperature conditions. Finding of all

this investigation conclusively demonstrate prolongation of drug release at a constant and

controlled rate after niosomal encapsulation of nimesulide.

KEYWORDS: Niosome, Cholesterol, Nimesulide, Span.

PCEU-78

FORMULATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLET

USINGHYDROPLILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC POLYMERS

Vipul Gogar*, Piyush Khandelwal, Himmat Singh, Ritu M Gilhotra

[Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur (Raj.) 302017]

ABSTRACT

The aim of present study was designed to develop novel sustained-release (SR) matrix tablet

formulation of naproxen a non- steroidal anti inflammatory drug. The release of naproxen from

sustained release tablets based on hydrophilic matrices of hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose

(HPMC). Hydroxy ethyl cellulose (HEC), sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (Sod. CMC) and



August 22, 2014


hydrophobic matrix polymer cetostearyl alcohol for controlled release. The fatty alcohol and

cellulose derivatives were used in the ratio of 3:1 along with usual tablets additives like lactose

& talc. The compressed matrix tablets were evaluated for various parameters like hardness,

friability, weight variation, drug content uniformity which shows the drug content was uniform

in all the formulation of the tablet prepared. IR studies indicate that the drug is compatible with

the polymers and stabilities study also performed was no appreciable difference was observed.

The in-vitro release of drug showed that tablet of HEC and Sod. CMC containing tablet (90.85

%) at the end of 8 th

hour and was found to release the drug by anomalous (non- fickian)

transport.

KEYWORDS: hydrophilic & hydrophobic matrix tablets, sustained release, naproxen,

formulation.

PCEU-79

RECENT ADVANCES AND NOVEL STRATEGIES IN DEVELOPMENT OF

NANOPARTICLE BASED THERANOSTICS

Kiran Yadav*, Dr. Sunil Kumar Yadav

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana

Abstract

When we say Theranostics, it applies to Therapeutics and Diagnostics. In recent years,

nanotechnology has been increasingly applied to the area of both therapeutics as well as

diagnostics. Nanoparticulate technology is of particular use in developing a new generation of

more effective theranostics capable of overcoming the many biological, biophysical, and

biomedical barriers that the body stages against a standard intervention. Major advances in the

use of carrier vehicles delivering pharmacologic agents, enzymes and diagnostics to sites of

disease have occurred over the past 10 years. However, despite these potential advances, only a

relatively small number of nanoparticle-based medicines have been approved for clinical use,

with numerous challenges and hurdles at different stages of development. The complexity of

nanoparticles as multi-component three dimensional constructs requires careful design and

engineering and reproducible scale-up and manufacturing process to achieve a consistent product

with the intended physicochemical characteristics, biological behaviors, and pharmacological

profiles. Overall, nanomedicines may present additional development and regulatory

considerations compared with conventional medicines, and while there is generally a lack of

regulatory standards in the examination of nanoparticle-based medicines as a unique category of

therapeutic and diagnostic agents. This work summarizes challenges likely to be encountered

during the development and approval of nanoparticle-based theranostics.


August 22, 2014


PCEU-80

COMPARATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY STUDY OF KETOPROFEN PREPARED BY

SOLID DISPERSION, BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN COPLEXATION AND SOLID

SMEDDS

Ramnaresh Uniyal, Dr.Richa Puri Ohri

Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy, Kala-amb

Abstract

Improving rate of dissolution and thus achieving effective plasma drug concentrationpossibly by

single dose administration. Thus providing a more effective control on pain associated with The

present study focuses on enhancement of dissolution of Ketoprofen (BCS II drug) and hence

bioavailability of the same by formulating Beta-cyclodextrin complex, solid dispersion and solid

SMEDDS for oral drug delivery.The ability of β-cyclodextrin complex, solid dispersion and

solid SMEDDS to improve oral delivery of several therapeutic agents has been established by

various in vitro and/or in vivo methodologies. Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of compounds

consists of glucose monomers arranged in a donut shape ring. They are non-reducing, crystalline

cyclicoligosaccharides which proximate a truncated core generating a hydrophilic outer surface

and a lipophillic interior cavity that offers interaction withappropriately sized molecules to result

in the formation of inclusion complex.CDs help in improving the aqueous solubility of many

poorly soluble drugs, enhances the dissolution thus helps in enhancing bioavailability of drugs.

Moreover Cyclodextrin complexes improve the chemical, physical and thermal stability of drugs

(Aliet al.,2012 and Szejtliet al., 1988). Solid dispersion technology is the science ofdispersing

one or more active ingredients in aninert matrix in the solid stage in order to achieveincreased

dissolution rate, sustained release ofdrugs, altered solid state properties and enhancedrelease of

drugs from different dosage forms and improved solubility and stability. Solid dispersion is

generallyprepared with drug which is having poor aqueous solubility and hydrophilic carrier.

In solid dispersion particle size of drug is reduced or a crystalline pure drug is converted into

amorphous form andhence the solubility of drug is increased. Self Micro-emulsifying Drug

Delivery System (SMEDDS) is a novelapproach to improve water solubility and ultimate

bioavailability of drugs.Self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system is isotropic(one phase

system) mixture of oil or modified oils andsurfactants and co-surfactants, which form the fine oil

in-water micro emulsion when introduced into aqueousphase under condition of gentle agitation .


August 22, 2014


PCEU-81

FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ORALLY ADMINISTERED

GASTRO RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS OF SIMVASTATIN

Sandeep Kumar*, Peeyush Kaushik


Abstract

Gastro retentive effervescent floating tablet of simvastatin were formulated using different

grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M).In vitro

release, floating lag time and duration of floating of the fabricated tablets were investigated.

Gastro retentive effervescent floating tablets containing 20 mg of simvastatin were developed

using HPMC K4M, HPMC K15M, and HPMC K100M with different drug to polymer ratio,

mixture of 10% sodium bicarbonate, 2.5% citric acid anhydrous as gas generating agents,

dicalcium phosphate and lactose as fillers. Citric acid was also used as an antioxidant. Tablets

were prepared by direct compression method. The formulation was optimized to get 85 % drug

release at the end of 12 hrs and to get optimum floating lag time and buoyancy. The resulting

formulations produced robust tablets with optimum hardness, consistent uniformity in weight

and low friability. The formulation with HPMC K4M in the drug –polymer ratio of 1:3 showed

85.830% drug release at the end of 12hours, maintained integrity of tablets and also has optimum

floating lag time. Tablets of all the batches floated for more than 12hrs.

The results of dissolution studies indicated that the formulation F2 (HPMC K4M 1:3 ratio) is the

most successful of the study. A decrease in release rate of the drug was observed on increasing

polymer ratio and also by increasing viscosity grades of the polymer (HPMC). The optimized

formula F2 was fitted to various kinetic models and the result showed that F2 batch followed

Zero order kinetics. The mechanism of drug release from F2 batch was anamolous non-fickian

diffusion pattern.

PCEU-82

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE REALEASE TABLET OF

OLMESARTAN HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE USING WET GRANULATION

METHOD

Nikhil Singh, Dr.Richa Puri Ohri

Abstract

The most popular solid dosage form are being tablets and capsules; one important drawback for

patients that sometime it is not disintegrates rapidly. Immediate release tablets offers less

disintegration time so rapid dissolution and great bioavailability. Olmesartan blocks;

vasoconstrictor effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to

the AT1 receptor in vascular smooth muscle(VSM). Therefore; independent of the pathways


August 22, 2014


for the angiotensin II synthesis. AT2 receptor; is found also in many tissues; but this receptor is

not known to be associated with cardiovascular homeostasis; Olmesartan more than the 12,500-

fold greater affinity for the AT1 receptor than for the AT2 receptor;

Blockade of the renin-angiotensin; system with ACE inhibitors; which inhibit the biosynthes is

of angiotensin II from angiotensin I; is a MOA of many drugs used to treatment of

hypertension; ACE inhibitors also inhibit the degradation of bradykinin; it also react catalyzed

by ACE. Becoz olmesartan medoxomil does not inhibit ACE (kininase II), it has not affected

the response to bradykinin. Blockade of the angiotensin II receptor inhibits the negative

regulatory feedback of angiotensin II on renin secretion; but the resulting improving plasma

renin activity and circulating angiotensin II levels do not overcome the effect of olmesartan on

blood pressure. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic. Thiazides affect the renal tubular

mechanisms of electrolyte reabsorption, directly increasing excretion of sodium and chloride in

approximately equivalent amounts. Indirectly, the diuretic action of hydrochlorothiazide

reduces plasma volume, with consequent increases in plasma renin activity, increases in

aldosterone secretion, increases in urinary potassium loss, and decreases in serum

potassium.The renin-aldosterone link is mediated by angiotensin II, so co administration of an

angiotensin II receptor antagonist tends to reverse the potassium loss associated with these

diuretics. The mechanism of the antihypertensive effect of thiazides is not fully understood

without combine study of Olmesartan HCTZ. Immediate release tablets of Olmesartan

Hydrochlorthiazide was prepared using superdisintegrat like croscarmellose sodium.Prepared

tablets were subjected to different evaluation parameters such as hardness,friability,weight

variation,disintegration and dissolution studies and results are acceptable.

PCEU-83

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL TABLETS

CONTAINING ANTI MIGRANT AGENT

Sanjay Kumar Pandey*, Dr. Richa Puri Ohri

Himalyan Institute of Pharmacy, Kala-amb

Abstract

The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters such as compatibility studies, drug

content, weight variation, hardness, thickness, friability, and swelling studies, microenvironment

pH, in vitro drug release studies, in vitro mucoadhesion strength and release rate kinetics. Further

the analysis of release mechanism was carried out by fitting the drug release data to various

kinetic equations like, zero order, first order, Krosmeyer-Peppas, Higuchi (matrix) and Hixson

Crowell equations and from the values so obtained, the best fit model was arrived at. The results

obtained from FT-IR revealed that there was no chemical interaction between the drug and the

polymer used. The prepared tablets had good mucoadhesiveness. The release pattern of the

formulation was observed to be non-fickian and released drug by combination of both diffusion

and chain relaxation. Stability studies of the selected formulation was carried out to determine

the effect of formulation additives on the stability of the drug and also to determine the physical

stability of the formulation. The stability studies were carried out at 25 ºC/60%RH, 30 °C/65%


August 22, 2014


RH and 40 °C/75% RH for 90 days. There was no significant change in the physical property

and drug content during the study period. From the above the results formulation F2 was found

to be best formulation for the muccoadhesive buccal delivery of Sumatriptan Succinate that

complied with all the parameters. However, in - vivo experiments need to be carried out to know

the absorption pattern and bioavailability of drug from the muccoadhesive buccal tablets and

thus enabling us to establish in vitro - in vivo correlation.

PCEU-84

SENSITIVE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR

THE DETERMINATION OF TAXOL CATEGORY DRUG IN PLASMA.

Naresh Kalra*, Suresh Choudhary, Dr. G. Jeyabalan

Department of Pharmaceutics, Alwar Pharmacy College, Alwar. Department of Pharmaceutical

Sciences.

ABSTRACT:

The present study describes the rapid, sensitive, simple and cost-effective analytical method for

the estimation of docetaxel from rat serum. The estimation was carried out on a Lichrosphere

Lichrocart C18 column (250mm, 4mm, 5mm) using a mobile phase a mixture of Triple distilied

water and acetonitrile (50:50 v/v). The eluent was monitored on 227nm. The results have been

validated statistically and recovery studies confirmed the accuracy of proposed method. Method

was validated as per ICH guidelines.

PCEU-85

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF RESPERIDONE LOADED

NANOPARTICLES

Shashikant Bhatt, Dr. Richa Puri Ohri


Abstract

The objective of this study was to prepare Risperidone-loaded nanoparticles for controlled

delivery through the intravenous (i.v.) route to reduce the frequency of administration, dose and

adverse effects during the short-term management of manifestation of psychotic disorders.

Risperidone nanoparticles were prepared by Nan precipitation method and characterized for drug

content, particle size and size distribution, zeta potential, and in vitro drug-release study. In this

method, the polymer is dissolved in water-miscible solvent (acetone). Then, solution is poured

under mechanical stirring into a non solvent (usually water containing a surfactant), which leads

to precipitation of nanospheres. Reserpidone (RSP), 3-[2-[4-(6-"uoro-1,2-benzisoxazol-3-yl)-1-

piperidinyl[ethyl]-6,7,8,9-tetra-hydro-2methyl4Hpyrido[1,2a]pyrimidin-4-one, A typical


August 22, 2014


antipsychotic agent, has been approved for the treatment of psychotic disorders due to its lower

Extra-Pyramidal Side effects (EPS) compared with the conventional antipsychotics. A low-dose

RSP therapy is required to control the psychotic symptoms and long-term treatment is needed to

treat schizophrenia. All formulations were further checked for evaluation parameters. Particle

size of all formulations was found in the range of 373 to 746 nm. Zeta potential for all

formulated nanoparticles was in the range -1.70 to -29.4 which indicates they are moderately

stable. The maximum percentage yield was found to be 88.98 % for the formulation F5. The

maximum drug content was found to be 69.45 for the formulation F5 the nanoparticles exhibited

an increase in drug content with an increase in the polymer ratio, upto particular concentration

1:5. The drug entrapment efficiencies was found to be in the range of 26.43 to 65.56%.

Comparison of drug content for the formulation F1 to F7 is done. The maximum entrapment

efficiency was found to be 65.56 % for the formulation F5. The cumulative percentage release

after 12 h was found to be 28.01 to 76.68. From results it was observed that as we increase

polymer concentration, drug release from the nanoparticles decreases. So we have optimized

maximum concentration of polymer and drug in case of formulation F4 and F5 50% of the drug

get released in 12 hours. The results showed that the in vitro specifications of nanoparticles of

Risperidone are suitable for administration.

PCEU-86

COMPARATIVE STUDY AS FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VARIOUS

TASTE MASKING COMPLEXES OF ROXITHROMYCIN DISPERSIBLE TABLET

Uday Prakash Mishra, Dr. Richa Puri Ohri


Abstract

In the present work, Comparative study of complexation a bitter taste of Roxithromycin was

masked by complexation technique and bitterless complexes formulated into dispersible tablet.

weak cation exchange resins (INDION 214, AMBERLITE IRP64), β-Cyclodextrin, and

Carbopol 934P were used in formulation of complexes with the drug. Complexation technique

was chosen for taste masking because it is simple and economic. Studies were proceeded

gradually to prepare bitter less complexes of drug and to develop dispersible tablets using the

complex with best taste masking and drug loading. Evaluation of physical properties showed that

all complexes possess good packing ability and flow properties. Dissolution study of complexes

showed that the drug was bio available from all the complexes but Drug-AMBERLITE IRP64

complex showed better release than rest of two complexes. More than 80 % of drug was released

within 30 minutes from this complex. Comparing % drug loading, physical properties and in-

vitro drug release amongst the complexes Drug-AMBERLITE IRP64 complex was selected for

formulation as this complex showed higher loading, good flow and packing ability and better

release. Also, formulated tablets were compared with marketed tablets with respect to

appearance, hardness, uniformity of weight, content uniformity and taste. The results showed

that formulated tablets completely masked the bitter taste of drug whereas marketed tablets failed

to mask the bitter taste of drug completely. Stability studies at temperature 40C for 1 month on


August 22, 2014


batch tablets confirmed that the formulated tablets possess good stability, as there was no

significant effect on physical properties, drug content and release profile of tablets. In

conclusion, results obtained in this work show that drug-resin complexes and drug-carbopol

complexes effectively masked bitter taste of Roxithromycin. formulated dispersible tablets

showed comparable release profile with that of the marketed dispersible tablets and having the

additional advantage of complete taste masking. Thus, complexation of Roxithromycin with

AMBERLITE IRP64 increases acceptability and palatability of formulated dispersible tablets.

PCEU-87

A REVIEW ON INSOLUBLE DRUG DELIVERY TECHNOLOGY

Abhinav Singh Rana

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra

[email protected]

Abstract

Insoluble Drug Delivery technology,which has been sucessfully,addressed the problem of water-

insoluble drug delivery.Water insoluble drug pose intricate problems in their formulation and

delivery.Poorly watersoluble drugs traditionally have been formulated for oral administration

through their micronization.Micronization increases their in-vivo dissolution rates by reducing

particle size and increasing surface area with a concomitant gain in bioavailability.New

approaches in formulating poorly soluble drugs such as the use of surface stabilized nano or

microparticles,inclusion in polymer or lipophilic matrices such as nanospheres,hydrophobic

carriers systems,self dispersable systems and molecular complexation with agents suitable for

lipophilic drugs,have demonstrated significant

improvments.Hydrophobic carrier system or self-dispersable system can be employed only for

those drugs that are significantly soluble in carrier.Similarly,a matrix-inclusion system can be

employed if the extent of drugs loading and the drug release profile within the gastrointestinal

tract are accceptable.Insoluble drug delivery technology formulations have displayed high drug

payload,low amount of free drug in the continuous phase,almost all of the drug present in the

particulate phase,no chemical change in the drug caused by the formulation process,absence of

drugs- vehicle interaction ,narrow particle size distribution with well-defined particle phase

morphology,a variety of suspensions and solid dosage form,excellent bioavailability when

raquired,and long formulations shelf-lives.



August 22, 2014


PCEU-88

APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY FOR POLYMER GRAFTING

Priya Rani *, Inderbir Singh and Sandeep Arora

Department of Pharmaceutics, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura-

140401, Patiala, Punjab

E mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The use of microwave irradiation has become a common heat source in organic chemistry. The

microwave irradiation is also increasingly studied for polymerization reactions. Microwave

technique offer a number of advantages like rapid reactions, high purity of products, less side-

products, improved yields, simplified and improved synthetic procedure, wider usable range of

temperature, higher energy efficiency, sophisticated measurement and safety technology,

modular systems enable changing from mg to kg scale. However certain disadvantages like heat

force control is difficult, water evaporation and closed container is dangerous because it could be

burst, are also associated with this technique. The present review discusses the technique and

principle involved in microwave assisted technique for grafting of the polymers. Various

pharmaceutical applications like release retardant, tablet superdisintegrant, flocculant,

mucoadhesion of the microwave assisted grafted polymers have been discussed. Microwave

assisted extraction of various compounds from materials of natural origin is also gaining

importance among researchers. In conclusion, microwave assisted grafting of polymers for

specific application is a useful technique modifying important pharmaceutical properties of the

polymers.

PCEU-89

SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TECHNOLOGY AND RECENT ADVANCE IN

MATRIX DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Surendra Bhambu*, Dr. Shiv Kumar Garg

Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Ambabari, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

E.Mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The oral route is the most popular route used for administration of drugs, which is due in part to

the ease of administration and to the fact that gastrointestinal physiology offers more flexibility

in dosage form design than most other routes. Sustained release, sustained action, prolonged

action and extended action are the terms used to identify drug delivery system that are designed

to achieve a prolog therapeutic effect by continuously releasing medication over an extended

period of time after administration of a single dose. sustained release (matrix) drug delivery over

conventional dosage forms like improved patient compliance due to less frequent drug



August 22, 2014


administration, reduction of fluctuation in steady-state drug levels, maximum utilization of the

drug, increased safety margin of potent drug, reduction in healthcare costs through improved

therapy and shorter treatment period. The basic goal of sustained release is provide promising

way to decrease the side effect of drug by preventing the fluctuation of the therapeutic

concentration of the drug in the body and increase patient compliance by reducing frequency of

dose.

Keywords:- Extended release, Sustained-release, Matrix tablet.

PCEU-90

CONTROLLED RELEASE ION EXCHANGE RESIN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

AND RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN ION EXCHANGE RESIN DELIVERY SYSTEM

Bhaskar Barsar*, Dr. Shiv Kumar Garg

Maharishi Arvind College Of Pharmacy, Ambabari, Jaipur,Rajasthan, INDIA

E-Mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

The oral route is the most popular route used for administration of drug Controlled drug delivery

systems aim to maintain plasma concentration of drugs within the therapeutic window for a

longer period of time, thereby to ensure sustained therapeutic action and for that reason an

increasing interest in their development exist. Ion exchange resins are cross-linked water

insoluble polymer-carrying, ionizable functional groups. IER have received considerable

attention from pharmaceutical scientists because of their versatile properties as drug delivery

vehicles. Research over the last few years has revealed that IER are equally suitable for drug

delivery technologies, including controlled release, transdermal, nasal, topical and taste masking.

The use of IER has occupied an important place in the development of controlled- or sustained-

release systems because of their better drug-retaining properties and prevention of dose dumping.

Synthetic ion exchange resins have been used in pharmacy and medicine for taste masking or

controlled release of drug. Drug resin complexation converts drug to amorphous form leading to

improved drug dissolution. Several studies have reported the use of IER for drug delivery at the

desired site of action. Sulfonated and carboxylic resins with a polystyrene backbone are most

widely used in clinical medicine.

Key words – Ion exchange resins, taste masking, resin drug complex, controlled release.




August 22, 2014


PCEU-91

DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ANTIFUNGAL GEL OF

CLOTRIMAZOLE

Shreeram Bangarwa

Maharishi Arvind college of Pharmacy, Ambabari, jaipur

Abstract:

Fungal infection of skin is now-a-days one of the common dermatological problem. The

physicians have a wide choice for treatment from solid dosage to semisolid dosage form and to

liquid dosage formulation. Among the topical formulation clear transparent gels have widely

accepted in both cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Clotrimazole can be formulated by cold

mechanical method by using Mucilage, Sodium alginate(natural polymer), Hydroxy propyl

methyl cellulose, Hydroxy propyl cellulose (Synthic polymer gelling agent), Dimethyl Sulfoxide

(Permeation enhancer), Triethanolamine (neutraling agent), Methyl or Water methanol

mixture(Solvent) etc.

PCEU-92

MATRIX TABLETS: AN APPROACH TOWARDS ORAL EXTENDED RELEASE

DRUG DELIVERY

Sohan Lal*, Dr. Shiv Kr.Garg, Ajay Pareek

Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Amba bari, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India


Abstract

If one were to imagine the ideal drug delivery system, two prerequisites would be required.

First, it would be a single dose for the duration of treatment, whether it is for days or weeks,

as with infection, or for the lifetime of the patient, as in hypertension or diabetes. Second, it

should deliver the active entity directly to the site of action, thereby minimizing or

eliminating side effects. This may necessitate delivery to specific receptors or to

localization to cells or to specific areas of the body.

In the past decade great interest got generated on replacing conventional administration

of drugs by delivery systems which would release effective quantities from a protected

supply at a controlled rate over a long period of time. Ideally a drug to provide desired

therapeutic action should arrive rapidly at the site of action (receptor) in optimum

concentration, remain there for desired time, spare other sites and get removed from the site.

One of the interesting results of pharmaceutical research is the fact that absorption rate of a

drug can be decreased by reducing its rate of release from the dosage form. The products so

formulated are designated as sustained action, sustained release, delayed action, prolonged

action, depot, repository, retarded release and timed release medication.


August 22, 2014


Oral ingestion has been the most convenient and commonly employed route of drug delivery.

Indeed, for sustained-release systems, the oral route of administration has by far received the

most attention with respect to research on physiological and drug constraints as well as

design and testing of products. This is because there is more flexibility in dosage form

design for the oral route than there is for the parenteral route

Keywords: Extended release, Therapeutic concentration, Patient convenience and compliance.

Controlled release; Hydrophilic matrix; hydrophobic matrix; Matrix tablets;

PCEU-93

MITOCHONDRIA TARGETTED ANTIOXIDANTS

Shubhangi Chauhan*, Kuldeep Vyas, Dinesh Kumawat



Abstract

Mitochondria are central to oxidative phosphorylation and much of metabolism, and are also

involved in many aspects of cell death. Consequently, mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to a

wide range of human pathologies. In many of these, excessive oxidative damage is a major factor

because the mitochondrial respiratory chain is a significant source of the damaging reactive

oxygen species superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. However, despite the clinical importance of

mitochondrial oxidative damage, antioxidants have been of limited therapeutic success. This may

be because the antioxidants are not selectively taken up by mitochondria, but instead are

dispersed throughout the body. To address this unmet need, a series of mitochondria-targeted

antioxidants have been developed over the past few years that are selectively concentrated within

mitochondria in vivo. The accumulation of an antioxidant at the site where it is needed most has

been shown to improve the outcome in a large number of animal models of diseases that involve

mitochondrial oxidative damage. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have also been developed

as pharmaceuticals and have been shown to be safe and effective in human clinical trial phase II

studies. Therefore the mitochondria-targeted antioxidants are a new class of pharmaceuticals that

can be used in a wide range of human pathologies for which current therapies are of limited

efficacy.

PCEU-94

SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TECHNOLOGY AND RECENT ADVANCE IN

MATRIX DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

Deepu Puri*, Dr. Shiv Kr.Garg, Ajay Pareek

Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Amba bari, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA




August 22, 2014


Abstract

Of all drug delivery systems, oral drug delivery remains the most preferred option for

administration for various drugs. Through this route tablet, capsule, suspensions, solutions,

syrups are administered. As very few drugs are coming out of research and development and

already existing drugs are suffering the problem of resistance due to their irrational use. Hence,

change in the operation is a suitable and optimized way to make the some drug more effective by

slight alteration in the drug delivery. Wide variety of polymers is available for retarding the

release rate of drug hence sustains the action of drug. Sustained Release is also providing

promising way to decrease the side effect of drug by preventing the fluctuation of the therapeutic

concentration of the drug in the body. Oral sustained release (SR) or controlled release(CR)

products provide an advantage over conventional dosage forms by optimizing bio pharmaceutics,

pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs in such a way that it reduces dosing

frequency to an extent that once daily dose is sufficient for therapeutic management through

uniform plasma concentration providing maximum utility of drug with reduction in local and

systemic side effects and cure or control condition in shortest possible time by smallest quantity

of drug to assure greater patient compliance. This review describes the various types of sustained

release or controlled release dosage forms, along with these factors influencing the design and

performance of sustained/controlled release products are also discussed.

Keywords: Absorption window, Controlled release, Half-life, Sustained release

PCEU-95

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER AND GUAR GUM

NANOPARTICLES

Deepika Aggarwal*, Swati Malik

Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy,Kala-amb

Abstract

Nanoparticles are drug carriers for targeted delivery, with a size range about 10 and 1000 nm

which are made of non-biodegradable and biodegradable polymers. They diffuse in the body

very well but can be recognized by the human body as foreigner intruders, so easily opsonized

and removed from the blood circulation. Nanoparticulate delivery systems have some advantages

including to control drug release profiles, prolonging the presence of drugs in blood circulation,

and to target drugs to a specific site. Depending upon the method of preparation, nanoparticles,

nanospheres or nanocapsules can be obtained. Nanocapsules are systems in which the drug is

confined to a cavity surrounded by a unique polymer membrane, while nanospheres are matrix

systems in which the drug is physically and uniformly dispersed. Silver nanoparticles have

distinctive physico-chemical properties, including a high electrical and thermal conductivity,

surface-enhanced Raman scattering, chemical stability, catalytic activity and non linear optical

behavior. Silver nanoparticles also exhibit broad spectrum bactericidal and fungicidal activity.

Scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) were used to study the biocidal

action of this nanoscale material. The silver nanoparticles have been demonstrated as an effective


August 22, 2014


biocide against broad-spectrum bacteria including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive

bacteria, in which there are many highly pathogenic bacterial strains. Silver nanoparticles using

guar gum as native gum which can be used as powerful disinfectant for control and prevention of

microbial infections. Guar gum is natural and biodegradable polymer, which is non-toxic vehicle

as well as stabilize the nanoparticles and thus these silver- based nanocomposites will be

environmentally.

PCEU-96

STUDY OF DISSOLUTION RATE PROFILE OF MODIFIED RELEASE PELLETS

CONTAINING VENLAFAXINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Sudhir Kumar*, Dr. Richa Puri Ohri


Abstract

In past decade great interest got generated on replacing conventional administration of drugs by

delivery system which would release effective quantities form a protected supply at a controlled

rate over a long period of time. Immediate release dosage form results repaid rise in plasma

concentration within a short period after administration. Subsequently due to metabolism and

elimination the plasma drug concentration falls below the therapeutic level.

Dissolution is defined as the process by which solid substance enters solvent to yield a solution.

Simply, dissolution is a mass transfer from a solid surface to liquid phase. It clearly stated that

dissolution is dynamic property. Dissolution testing has almost had a century of development. It

expanded over years beyond the ordinary tablets and capsules, first to Extended-release and

delayed–release (enteric-coated) articles, then to transdermals, multivitamin and minerals

products, and to class monographs for non-prescription drug combinations. It was in the year

1897 that Noyes and Whitney published a paper on “Rate of solution of solid substance in their

own solution” which gives the first known reference dissolution testing.

PCEU-97

CHRONOPHARMACEUTICS - A NOVEL APPROACH FOR DRUG DELIVERY

Priyanka Kriplani

Department of pharmaceutical sciences, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy

E-mail- [email protected]

Abstract

All functions in human body are highly organized in time as biological rhythms of diverse periods, both

in health and in disease. This represents a challenge for those involved in the development of drug-

delivery systems to make possible the treatment of illness according to these physiological biological



August 22, 2014


rhythms as a means of improving therapeutic outcomes. Chronopharmaceutics is an emerging discipline

combining the traditional goal of pharmaceutics (sciences of drug delivery systems) with recent

knowledge in different disciplines derived from advances in chronobiology. Basically, the advances in

chronobiology and related disciplines have led to a plethora of data demonstrating the extent of generality

and precision of biological rhythms that may be used intelligently for the development of novel drug

delivery systems, as well as drugs, to optimize their efficacy and safety. However, pharmaceutical

companies are experiencing obstacles in discovering new medications that represent significant advances

in the treatment of disease.


August 22, 2014


PHARMACOLOGY

ABSTRACTS


August 22, 2014


PCL-1

ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND Α-AMYLASE ACTIVITY OF QUERCITIN

FROM PINUS ROXBURGHII

Dhirender Kaushik, Pawan Kaushik*, Gulshan Singh1, Sukhbir Lal Khokra, A.C Rana,

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136119. 1Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136119.

Abstract

Pinus roxburghii Sarg. is a traditional herb used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus

ethnopharmacology in India and Africa. In this study, we investigated the antidiabetic activity

using α-amylase inhibitory assay on extracts and isolated compound from the bark of Pinus

roxburghii Sarg. The isolated compound demonstrated the α-amylase inhibitory from Pinus

roxburghii Sarg. bark. This is reported, from this plant, for the first time. The ethanol extract, n-

butanol fraction and the isolated compound exhibited significant enzyme inhibitory activity

against α -amylase. Our study revealed, for the first time, the isolation and α -amylase inhibitory

activity of quercetin from Pinus roxburghii Sarg. bark (PRB).

PCL-2

ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS LEAF EXTRACTS OF BLUMEA SPECIES

Amanjot Kaur and Ritu Mahajan*

Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra (Haryana)

*Correspondence: [email protected]

Abstract

A need is always felt in the pharma sector to search for new antimicrobial compounds due to

increased cases of development of resistance by microorganisms to the currently used antibiotics.

Scientific evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of widely distributed plants against various

types of microbes still remains an area of intensive investigation. The antimicrobial potential of

various extracts of Leaves of Blumea plant was evaluated against bacterial and fungal species.

For assaying antimicrobial activity, the agar well diffusion method of Perez et al. and Rojas et al.

was used with minor modifications. Ampicillin was used as positive control. Similarly, a

negative control was also tested using the different solvents. The test was carried out in

triplicates. The plates were incubated at 32.5 ± 2.50C for 24 – 48 hrs. The antimicrobial activity

in terms of percentage relative inhibition zone diameter was measured. The MIC value was

determined with various extracts by agar well diffusion technique using serial dilutions. The least

concentration of each extract showing a clear zone of inhibition was taken as the MIC. Results of

our studies indicate the fair antimicrobial potential of Blumea against Bacillus subtilis,

Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Candida albicans. Percentage of Relative



August 22, 2014


Inhibition Zone Diameter for Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens,

Candida albicans were 50,75,50 and 50 % respectively with MIC value of 5mg/ml.

PCL-3

DRUG-RESISTANT MALARIA IN SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES: A REVIEW OF

EVIDENCE AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF NANOMEDICINE BASED STRATEGIES

FOR PROPHYLAXIS AND TREATMENT

Mohit*, Bindu garg, Arvind sharma, Sandeep arora

University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway (NH-64) Punjab 140401, India,

Email [email protected]

Abstract

International experts raised the alarm over the spread of drug-resistant malaria in several

Southeast Asian countries, saying it endangers major global gains in fighting the mosquito-borne

disease that kills more than 600,000 people each year. The availability of therapies using the

drug artemisinin has helped cut global malaria deaths by a quarter in the past decade. But over

the same period, resistance to the drug emerged on Thailand‟s borders with Myanmar and

Cambodia and has spread tremendously. It has been detected in southern Vietnam and probably

exists in southern Laos. . Once it reaches a higher level of resistance where the drugs don‟t work,

we are technically stuffed, Scientists have been working for decades to develop a malaria

vaccine, but none is yet available. To counteract this trend, research has been done in

nanotechnology and nanomedicine, for the development of new biocompatible systems capable

of incorporating drugs, lowering the resistance progress, contributing for diagnosis, control and

treatment of malaria by target delivery. In this review, we discussed the main problems

associated with the spread of malaria and the most recent developments in nanomedicine for

anti-malarial drug delivery.

PCL-4

SODIUM PHENYLBUTYRATE, A HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR,

PROTECTS AGAINST CHRONIC ETHANOL-INDUCED COGNITIVE

DYSFUNCTION AND ALTERATION IN HIPPOCAMPAL BNDF EXPRESSION

LEVEL

Ashok Jangra1, Satendra Singh Gurjar

2, Chandra Shekhar Sriram

1, Md. Iftikar Hussain

3, Probodh

Borah3, Mangala Lahkar

1, 4

1 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education

and Research, Guwahati, Assam-781032 2Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research,

Guwahati, Assam-781032 3

State Biotech Hub, College of Veterinary Science, Assam-781022


August 22, 2014


4 Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam-781032

Abstract

Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of alcoholism, malnutrition,

chronic pancreatitis, alcoholic liver disease and cancer. Chronic alcohol abuse is well known to

cause neurodegeneration in both human and rodent brains, leading to severe cognitive

impairment.Histone deacetylation is an epigenetic mechanism which leads totranscriptional

repression of various genes. Our studyattempted todemonstrate that histone deacetylation plays a

crucial role in ethanol-induced cognitive impairment and changes in hippocampal BDNF

level.Ethanol was made continuously available in 0.2% saccharin for 8 weeks to male Sprague

Dawley rats. The histone deacetylase inhibitor, sodium phenylbutyrate was given

intraperitoneally at 40 mg/kg for last 14 days of the study. Cognitive impairment induced by

chronic alcoholism was assessed by Morris water maze test on 56th

day.Animals were sacrificed

on the same day by decapitation, and hippocampus was isolated quickly from the brain for

estimation of BDNF protein and BDNF mRNA level. BDNF gene expression level in

hippocampus was measured by Quantitative Real-time PCR. It was observed that chronic

alcoholism resulted in significant cognitive impairment assessed by Morris water maze test.

Furthermore, BDNF protein as well as its mRNA level in hippocampus was found to be reduced

by chronic alcoholism. It was found that histone deacetylase inhibition by Sodium

phenylbutyrate (40 mg/kg) significantly improved the cognitive functionand up-regulate

thehippocampal BDNF level as compared to alcoholic group. Theresults emphasize the

beneficial effect of targeting histone deacetylase by sodium phenylbutyrate against chronic

alcoholism-induced cognitive impairment.

PCL-6

INDIAN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA) REMNANT AFTER OIL EXTRACTION

PROTECT BIOMOLECULES AGAINST INVITRO OXIDATION

Anita Dua1*, Gaurav Garg

2, Ritu Mahajan

3

1Biochemistry Department, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

2Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana

3Department of Biotechnology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra


Abstract

Indian mustard seeds were defatted by distillation with hexane and the residue extracted with

methanol was analyzed for potential antioxidants; ascorbate, riboflavin and polyphenols. Gallic

acid (129.796µg), caffeic acid (753.455µg), quercetin (478.352µg) and kaempferol (48.060

µg)/g dry seeds were identified by HPLC analysis of the extract. DPPH free radical scavenging

activity and protection of lipids, proteins and DNA against metal induced oxidation was

examined. Defatted mustard seed residue had excellent free radical scavenging activity and

protects biomolecules with IC50 value 2.0- 2.25 mg dry seed weight. Significant content of

polyphenols in methanol extract of defatted mustard seeds including gallic acid, caffeic acid,


August 22, 2014


quercetin and kaempferol accounts for high antioxidant activity. We are the first to report the

detailed analysis of antioxidant composition and protection of biomolecules against oxidative

damage by methanol extract of mustard seed remnant after oil extraction.

PCL-7

ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY OF DEGLYCYRRHIZINIZED LIQUORICE

Kartik Sharma*, Vibhu Kumar, Kanav Midha, Vandana Saini and Anju Goyal

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura


Abstract

Many attempts have been made to improve the treatment of gastriculcers for the previous years.

In the past years evidence has accumulatedthat liquorice and related compounds accelerate

therate of healing of gastric ulcers.Liquorice is a plant of ancient origin that occurs as roots and

stolons of Glycyrrhiza glabra belonging to family Leguminosae. Liquorice extract and its

principal component, glycyrrhizin has been used in food and herbal, traditional medicines for

thousands of years. It is also called as sweet root as it contains a compound that is about 50 times

sweeter than sugar.. Liquorice is sometimes suggested for cough, asthma, and other breathing

problems while the topical preparations are used for eczema and other skin problems. On

removing glycyrrhizin from liquorice, deglycyrrhizined liquorice is obtained. Deglycyrrhizinated

liquorice, (DGL) is a herbal supplement that is used in the treatment

of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Biochemical studies indicate that glycyrrhizinate inhibits 11β-

hydrox ysteroid dehydrogenase, the enzyme responsible for inactivating cortisol. As a result, the

continuous, high level exposure to glycyrrhizin compounds can produce hypermineralocorticoid-

like effects in both animals and humans.

PCL-8

POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PPAR-ALPHA AGONIST AND CCBS

AGAINST 3-NP INDUCED HD

Parul*1, Prabhsharan Kaur

1, Puneet Kumar

2, Vijender Kumar

1, Arun Kaura

1,

Sandeep Kumar Goyal1

1University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Baba Farid University of Health

Sciences, Faridkot- 151 203 2ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga

Abstract:

The present study has been designed to investigate the the protective effect of PPAR-alpha

agonist and CCBs against 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington's disease-like symptoms in

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbal_supplement

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastric_ulcer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duodenal

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptic_ulcer


August 22, 2014


rats. The present experimental protocol design includes systemic 3-nitropropionic acid (10 mg/kg

i.p) treatment for 14 days. PPAR-alpha agonist and CCBs were given orally, once a day, 1 h

before 3-nitropropionic acid treatment for 14 days. Body weight and behavioral parameters

(locomotor and rotarod activity) were assessed on 1st, 5th, 10th and 15th day post-3-

nitropropionic acid administration. Malondialdehyde, nitrite concentration, superoxide dismutase

and catalase levels were measured on the 15th day in the striatum. Systemic 3-nitropropionic

acid treatment significantly reduced body weight, locomotor activity and oxidative defense. The

mitochondrial enzyme activities were also significantly impaired in the examined brain regions

in 3-nitropropionic acid-treated animals. PPAR-alpha agonist and CCBs treatments significantly

attenuated the impairment in behavioral and biochemical parameters as compared to the 3-

nitropropionic acid-treated group. The results of the present study suggest that the combination

of PPAR-alpha agonist and CCBs produced a synergistic protective effect against 3-NP-induced

behavioral and biochemical alterations in rats.

PCL-9

EFFECT OF GINSENG AGAINST HALOPERIDOL INDUCED OROFACIAL

DYSKINESIA

Rupinder Kaur*1, Narmeen Kaur

1, Puneet Kumar

2, Vijender Kumar

1, Arun Kaura

1,

Sandeep Kumar Goyal1


Sciences, Faridkot- 151 203 2ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga

Abstract: Chronic treatment with neuroleptic agents produce the development of abnormal orofacial

movements called vacuous chewing movements (VCMs) in rats. Vacuous chewing movements

in rodents are widely accepted as one of the animal models of tardive dyskinesia. Oxidative

stress & lipid peroxidation products are implicated in the pathophysiology of many neurological

disorders including tardive dyskinesia. In the present study chronic haloperidol for 21 days

treatment induced vacuous chewing movements and tongue protrusions in rats. Administration of

ginseng, dose dependently reduced haloperidol-induced vacuous chewing movements and tongue

protrusions. Biochemical analysis revealed that chronic haloperidol treatment induces lipid

peroxidation and decreases the glutathione (GSH) levels in the forebrains of rats. The antioxidant

defense enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were also decreased due to chronic

haloperidol treatment. Administration of ginseng significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation and

restored the decreased glutathione levels in these rats. Further, ginseng also reversed the

haloperidol-induced decrease in forebrain SOD and catalase levels in rats. The major findings of

the present study suggested that oxidative stress plays a significant role in neuroleptic-induced

orofacial dyskinesia and ginseng administration reverses these behavioral and biochemical

changes. So, the study suggests that ginseng may be a useful drug in neuroleptic-induced

orofacial dyskinesia.


August 22, 2014


PCL-10

EFFECT OF DPP-IV INHIBITOR ON EXPERIMENTAL ENDOTHELIAL

DYSFUNCTION

Uma Jyoti*, Samridhi Sharma, Sunil Kumar Kansal, Vijender Kumar, Arun Kaura,

Sandeep Kumar Goyal

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research,Baba Farid University of Health

Sciences, Faridkot- 151 203

Abstract: Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) is defined as imbalance between vasoconstriction and

vasodilatory substances, thrombosis and thrombolysis, growth promotion and growth regulation.

The present study has been designed to investigate the effect of linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase

IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor in sodium arsenite-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) in

rats. The rats were administered sodium arsenite (1.5 mg/kg/day, i.p., 2 weeks) to induce VED.

The development of VED was assessed by employing isolated aortic ring preparation and

estimating serum nitrite/nitrate concentration. Further, the integrity of the aortic endothelium was

assessed histologically using haematoxylin-eosin staining. Moreover, the oxidative stress was

assessed by estimating serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. The administration of

sodium arsenite produced VED by impairing acetylcholine-induced endothelium dependent

relaxations, diminishing the integrity of vascular endothelium and decreasing the serum

nitrite/nitrate concentration. In addition, sodium arsenite was noted to produce oxidative stress as

it increased serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Treatment with linagliptin

significantly prevented sodium arsenite-induced VED by enhancing acetylcholine-induced

endothelium dependent relaxation, improving the integrity of vascular endothelium, increasing

the nitrite/nitrate concentration and decreasing the oxidative stress. However, the vascular

protective effect of linagliptin was markedly abolished by co-administration of nitric oxide

synthase inhibitor, N-Omega-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) (25 mg/kg/day, i.p.).

Thus, it may be concluded that linagliptin reduces oxidative stress, activates eNOS and enhances

the generation of nitric oxide to prevent sodium arsenite-induced VED in rats.

PCL-11

EFFECT OF PROGESTERONE AGAINST EXPERIMENTAL PARKINSON’S

DISEASE

Gurmeet Kaur*1, Rajesh Kumar

1, Puneet Kumar

2, Rahul Deshmukh

2, Vijender Kumar

1, Arun

Kaura1, Sandeep Kumar Goyal

1


Sciences, Faridkot- 151 203 2ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga.


August 22, 2014


Abstract:

The present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the progesterone

against rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative

disorder, for which no effective treatment approaches are available. Rotenone, a potent specific

inhibitor of mitochondrial complex-1, appears to produce the behavioral features of Parkinson's

disease in rats by inducing oxidative stress and thereby neurotoxicity. Rats were treated with

rotenone 1.5 mg/kg (s.c.) for 4 weeks. Behavioural assessment was done using open field test,

narrow-beam walk and rotarod apparatus. Biochemical estimations of LPO, catalase, SOD,

Nitrite, reduced glutathione and total protein content was done for evaluation of PD. Both

behavioural and biochemical estimations confirmed the establishment of PD symptoms. Data

showed impaired motor function, significant increase in catalepsy, decrease in locomotor activity

and decrease in muscle activity. Lipid peroxidation was found to increase significantly in

rotenone treated animals when compared with co-treatment of progesterone. Co-treatment with

progesterone significantly attenuated the extent of motor dysfunction. Thus, the present study

suggests that progesterone co-treatment attenuates rotenone induced motor dysfunction by its

antioxidant action.

PCL-12

EFFECT OF ETHYL ACETATE STEM BARKFRACTION OF BETULAALNOIDES AGAINST

MPTP- INDUCED EXPERIMENTAL PARKINSON'S DISEASE IN RATS

ArshvirKaur*, Vishavdeep Sharma, Rahul DeshmukhDepartment of Pharmacology, I.S.F

College of Pharmacy, Ferozepur Road, GhalKalan, Moga 142001, Punjab, India,

[email protected]

Abstract:

Parkinson disease (PD) is a hypokinetic movement disorder characterized by degeneration

ofdopaminergic neurons in nigral region of the brain. Impairment in striatal cyclic nucleotide

signalinghas been reported to occur in experimental as well as human PD. Various

Phosphodiesterase (PDE's)inhibitor have been reported to enhance striatal cyclic nucleotide level

& restore motor functions inexperimental PD. Recently, ethanolic extract of stem bark of Betula

alnoides has been reported toinhibit PDE's with IC50 of 3.79μg/ml. In the present study we have

investigated the effect of stem barkethyl acetate fraction of B. alnoides (EASBA) against 1-

methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced behavioral motor deficit &

biochemical alterations in rats. MPTP was repeatedly administered intranigrally (bilaterally) at

an interval of three days (day 0, 4 and 8) to produce stablemotor deficit. Animals were treated

with EASBA at different doses (30 and 60 mg/kg p.o.) from day 1-15. Motor deficit in MPTP

treated rats was assessed by set of behavioral parameters narrow beamwalk, foot slip counts, grip

strength, rota rod & open field tests in rats. Biochemical stress of oxidative(MDA, Nitrite &

GSH) and inflammatory (TNF-α & IL-β) mediators in striatal brain tissue were assessedby

measuring the levels in striatal brain homogenate. Chronic administration of EASBA

significantlyand dose dependently improved motor behavior, attenuated oxidative-inflammatory


August 22, 2014


stress in MPTPtreated rats. Results from current study have supported neuroprotective effect as

outcome of PDEinhibition by EASBA in MPTP assaulted rats.

PCL-13

HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT HERBAL DRUGS AGAINST HIGH FAT DIET

AND ALCOHOL INDUCE HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS: POSSIBLE SYNERGISTIC

EFFECT

Ganesh Singh Bhakuni*, Onkar Bedi,Vinod Gauttam,Krishna Reddy V. Bijjem,Puneet Kumar

Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India

[email protected]

Abstract:

There are various liver disorders including both non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disorder

which might be due to changing diet styles, leading to apoptosis, necrosis, ischemia and oxidative

stress.The present study was designed to elucidate the hepatoprotective potential of three herbs and

their possible HO-1 modulation against HFD and alcohol induced hepatotoxicity. The

hepatoprotective activity of Phyllanthusniruri (PN), Andrographispaniculata (AP) and Piper longum

(PL) of different combinations was evaluated both in-vivo and in-vitro against40% Alcohol

2ml/100g with HFD and ethanol (100mM) in Wistarrats and HepG-2 cell lines respectively. The

extracts combinations were first studied in invitro on HepG-2 and then studied on rats. The different

combinations of three extracts were evaluated against liver toxicity induce by 40% Alcohol

2ml/100g with HFD in Wistar rats (21 days). Oxidative stress parameters, liver enzymes, Lipid

profile and histopathological and mechanistic study were assessed in liver homogenate. The body

weight and urine analysis was done on 7th

, 14th

, 21st day. The treatment with different combinations

of herbs (AP: PN: PL, 166:166:166 mg/kg, 200:200:100mg/kg,

300:100:100mg/kg,100:300:100mg/kg) proved to be hepatoprotective further combination of equal

parts of all herbs ratio showed significant effect as compared to other ratios. There was significant

reduction in LPO, nitrite, increase in antioxidant level and significantly improved in both lipid

profile and liver enzymes level. The mechanism of hepatoprotective effect of three herbal is

proposed to be by normalize ROSs and stimulating HO-1 level. The conclusion of the present study

suggests that a HO-1 and antioxidant is the mechanism involved in the protective effect of best

reported herbal combination (AP: PN: PL, 1:1:1,166:166:166 mg/kg) against HFD and alcohol

induce hepatotoxicity.


August 22, 2014


PCL-14

ROLE OF HEMEOXYGENASE-1/GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE-3Β PATHWAY

IN 3-NITROPROPIONIC ACID INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY IN RATS

NavneetKaur*, Aamir Khan, Krishna Reddy V. Bijjem, Atish Prakash, Puneet Kumar

Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Ferozepur Road, GhalKalan, Moga-

142001, Punjab, India


Abstract:

HD is a neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by degenerative process with behavioral and

cognitive deficits. Recently GSK-3β and HO-1 are implicated in the pathophysiology of

neurodegeneration. The present study was designed to explore the possible interaction between HO-

1 and GSK-3β pathway in 3-NP induced neurotoxicity in rats. Systemic administration of 3-NP (10

mg/kg, i.p) treatment for 14 days. Hemin (10 and 30 mg/kg, i.p,) and Lithium (25 and 50mg/kg i.p,)

treatment was given once a day, 1 hour before 3-NP treatment for 14 days. Tin (IV) protoporphyrin

(SnPP), HO-1 inhibitor was also administered with both hemin and lithium chloride. Behavioral

parameters were assessed on 1st, 5

th, 10

th and 15

th day post-3-NP administration. Oxidative stress and

endogenous antioxidant enzymes, proinflammatory [TNF-α, IL-1β], HO-1 and GSK-3β activity

were measured in the striatum. 3-NP treatment produced significant behavioral abnormalities and

increase in oxidative stress in striatal brain. Administration of hemin (10 and 30 mg/kg, i.p), Lithium

(50mg/kg i.p,) prevent the alteration in body weight, motor impairments, oxido-nitrsoative stress,

and cellular markers. Further, combination of hemin (10mg/kg) and lithium chloride (25mg/kg) were

showed synergistic effect as compared to their effect alone on 3-NP treated rats. Pretreatment of Tin

(IV) protoporphyrin(40 µM/kg) reversed the beneficial effect of lithium chloride and hemin. The

outcomes of the present study suggest that HO-1 and GSK-3β enzyme are involved in the

pathophysiology of HD. The various modulators of both the enzymes like hemin and LiCl might be

adjuvants or addition or prophylactic therapy for HD patients.

PCL-15

FRACTIONS OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LEAF ATTENUATE MPTP-INDUCED

BEHAVIORAL MOTOR DEFICIT AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RATS

PriyaJaswal*, PriyankaChhabra, Rahul Deshmukh

Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Ferozepur Road, GhalKalan, Moga

142001, Punjab, India

Email : [email protected]

Abstract:

Extracts of Butea monosperma has been reported to possess neuroprotective as well as

phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitory activity. In the present study, we have investigated PDE

inhibitory activity of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate fraction of leaves of Butea monosperma


August 22, 2014


and their neuroprotective potential against MPTP induced experimental Parkinson‟s disease in

rats. The MPTP was infused bilaterally (100mg/µl) into substantia nigra pars compacta and the

test compound PEBM/EABMor L-DOPA was administered from1stday following MPTP

infusion up to 15th

dayand the same treatment was done in standard treatment group of L-DOPA

(10mg/kg i.p). Behavior motor deficits in rats were evaluated by open field test, rota rod, grip

strength and narrow beam walk tests. Biochemically, markers of oxidative-nitrosative stress were

evaluated in striatal brain homogenate. Both fractions (PEBM/EABM) produced significant

cAMP/cGMP specific PDE inhibitory activity in in-vitro assay. MPTP infusioned rats showed

significant deterioration in behavior motor functions and increase in striatal oxidative stress in

rats. However, the fractions (PEBM/EABM) of Butea monosperma significantly and dose

dependently attenuated MPTP- induced behavior motor deficits and oxidative stress and results

were comparable to that of L-DOPA. The observed beneficial effects of PEBM/EABM may be

due to their antioxidant potential and may be due to their ability to inhibit cAMP/cGMP specific

PD.

PCL-16

POSSIBLE BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED

RECEPTOR (PPAR) - Α AND Γ AGONIST AGAINST A RAT MODEL OF ORAL

DYSKINESIA

Swati Datta* , Sania Grover, Puneet Kumar, Vir Vikram, R.D. Budhiraja

Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab, India

Email- [email protected]

Abstract:

Tardive dyskinesia is a type of hyperkinetic movement disorder which consists of abnormal

involuntary movements, characterized by orofacial movements. Previous studies suggest that

oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation play important role in the pathogenesis of TD. Recently,

PPAR-α and PPAR-ϒ have been reported as neuroprotective agent in various animal models.

The present study investigated the neuroprotective effect of PPAR-ϒ agonist, pioglitazone (20

and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) and PPAR-α agonist, fenofibrate (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) in an animal

model of oral dyskinesia. Oral dyskinesia was induced by chronic administration of haloperidol

(1 mg/kg i.p.) for 21 days. Chronic administration of haloperidol significantly increased vacuous

chewing movements, tongue protrusions, facial jerking, sniffing and grooming in rats which was

dose-dependently inhibited by pioglitazone and fenofibrate. Further, it also decreased %

retention of memory in elevated plus maze test on day 22. Chronic administration of haloperidol

induced oxidative damage and neuroinflammation (TNF-α and IL-1β) in brain regions. The

fenofibrate and pioglitazone were able to reverse the behavioral and biochemical changes

induced by haloperidol. Further the study proposed the antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects

of both PPAR agonists in this model. We concluded that administration of pioglitazone and

fenofibrate individually or in combination along with antipsychotic in the treatment of

schizophrenia, prevent or delay the symptoms of oral dyskinesia.


August 22, 2014


PCL-17

ROLE OF FXR/H2S PATHWAY IN DINITRO BENZENE SULFONIC ACID (DNBS) -

INDUCED ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN RATS

TavleenKaur*, NidhiGoyal, Krishna Reddy V. Bijjem, Puneet Kumar,

Department of Pharmacology, I.S.F College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab,India,

Email:[email protected]

Abstract:

UC is a chronic inflammatory condition in which the inflammatory response and morphologic

changes remain confined to the colon. There is a need to explore the new targets for UC such as

Farnesoid X receptor and hydrogen sulfide pathway. Wistar rats of either sex (200-250 gm) were

used. DNBS (25 mg/rat) was dissolved in 50% ethanol (total volume 0.8 ml) and given by rectal

route into the colon to induced symptoms of UC. CDCA (10 and 20 mg/kg) and NaHS (10 and

30 µmol/kg) and a inhibitor of CSE enzyme i.e PAG (10mg/kg) treatment given along with

DNBS. The disease activity index was assessed by daily change in body weight and rectal bleed

score and change in length of colon. Oxidative stress markers (reduced glutathione, MDA,

nitrite, and catalase and myeloperoxidase enzyme activity), SGOT and SGPT levels in blood

serum, and cardiac haemodynamic were performed on last day. The administration of DNBS

intra-rectally in rats produced significant loss of body weight and bloody diarrhoea with

significant increase in oxidative stress markers in the colon. CDCA (10 and 20 mg/kg) and NaHS

(10 and 30 µmol/kg) significantly attenuated DNBS-induced UC in rats. The combination of

CDCA (10 mg/kg) and NaHS (10 µmol/kg) showed synergystic effect whereas; DL-propargyl

glycine reversed the protective effect of CDCA. CDCA and NaHS showed beneficial effects

dose-dependently against DNBS-induced UC in rats. The observed beneficial effects following

CDCA may be due its action through activation of CSE enzyme which leads H2S generation.

PCL-18

BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR ANALOG AS

ANTI-ARTHRITIC AND ANTI-OSTEOPOROTIC IN CFA INDUCED

OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

Vandana*,Shilpi Sachdeva, Krishna Reddy V. Bijjem, Puneet Kumar

Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Punjab,India,


Abstract:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoporosisare chronic diseases characterized by fibroblastic

proliferation, infiltration of the synovial lining by inflammatory cells and increase bone

resorption respectively.Sphingosine -1-phosphate (S1P) receptor analoghas unique pathogenic

mechanistic role which can be beneficial to reduce the side effects and improve the efficiency for

the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis are


August 22, 2014


induced by ovariectomy and single injection of CFA in rats. On 16th

, 23rd

, 30th

, 37th

day after

ovariectomymechanical allodynia, thermal hyperalgesia, paw volume, joint stiffness and

mobility were observed. On 37th

day animal sacrificed for rheumatoid factor, calcium and

phosphate and haemoglobin count in serum were determined. Ovariectomy and CFA

significantly induced symptoms of osteoporosis and RA in rats like joint stiffness, decrease in

mobility, paw oedema, mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Increase in rheumatoid

factor and decline of hemoglobin, calcium and phosphate count was also observed after

sacrificing the animals. FTY720 (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg), methotrexate (0.3 mg/kg) and diclofenac(5

mg/kg) attenuated all the behavioural and haematological parameters alone and/or combination

as well as alone. In the present set of experiments FTY720 has shown significant anti-arthritic

and anti-osteoporotic effect in rats. Further, when FTY720 low dose was combined with standard

drugs like methotrexate and diclofenac showed the synergistic effect.

PCL-19

EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTY OF COMBINED

THERAPY OF CHOLINERGIC ANTAGONIST SCOPOLAMINE AND VENLAFAXINE

IN RATS.

Paramdeep Singh*, Raghav Gupta

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway,

Rajpura– 140401, Patiala, Punjab, India.

E. Mail: [email protected]

Abstract:

The present study has been designed to investigate the effect of combined therapy of cholinergic

muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine and venlafaxine using carrageenan induced

inflammation model in rats. Our experimental protocol consisted of administration of 0.1 mL of

2% w/v carrageenan in normal saline for inducing inflammation in rat paw. Ibuprofen (30

mg/kg) used as standard was given orally 30 minutes prior injecting carrageenan. Treatment

consisted of venlafaxine per se (20 mg/kg, p.o.) and scopolamine (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) in

combination with venlafaxine. Inflammation of the paw was measured using plethysmometer

after 2 and 24 hrs of injecting carrageenan into the paw. Combined treatment was found to

decrease the paw volume compared to ibuprofen and venlafaxine per se. This decrease in

inflammation was significant (p<0.05) compared to vehicle control in rats. The present study

suggested that combined therapy of scopolamine and venlafaxine, may serve as a viable future

pharmacological target to tackle the problem of inflammation. More research on this topic is

needed to pinpoint the type of receptors involved in showing ameliorative action on

inflammation.


August 22, 2014


PCL-20

REVIVAL OF THALIDOMIDE TRANSFORMS IT INTO A VERSATILE NOVEL

THERAPEUTIC AGENT

Ankur Gera1*

,Chander Mohan2 and Sandeep Arora

1

1Chitkara University , Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Rajpura, Patiala-140401, Punjab, India.

2Rayat-Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Hoshairpur, Punjab, India.


Abstract

Thalidomide was withdrawn from the market in 1961, because of its teratogenic effects. Insights

gained from the development of thalidomide has helped to pave the way for the development of

other novel therapeutic agents. Structural and functional modifications led to promising new

analogues that modulate the immune system in various ways, so the immunomodulatory effects

can be used for the treatment of various inflammatory, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases. In

clinical studies, the IMiDs appear to have reduced sedative and neurotoxicity effects, which are

often associated with long-term thalidomide dosing. The future of this class of compounds is in

the more-potent IMID®s, particularly lenalidomide, where the significantly increased

immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic potency and apparent lack of some, or a decreased

amount of, thalidomide‟s dose-limiting side effects have made them potentially important

therapeutics in cancer and inflammatory diseases. This arena can be explored to get safer and

selective drugs.

PCL-21

SLEEP APNOEA: “LIFE THREATENING BUT LIMITED AWARENESS”

Kapil S*, Singhal R, Arora S

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University

Abstract:

Sleep Apnoea (Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Central Sleep Apnoea) is sleep disordered

breathing caused due to obstruction in airway at night. This leads to serious drop in blood

oxygen level thus causing cardiovascular disorders and nocturnal death. The objective of this

work is to spread awareness about this disease as many people fail to recognize the symptoms

and are unaware of the fact that they are suffering from this disorder. If one encounters loud

snoring followed by gasping, consult a sleep specialist immediately. OSA suffering person will

also suffer with sleepiness during day, lack of concentration, mood swings, depression, less

learning ability, weak memory. Motor sleepiness might also occur! Diagnosis includes physical

examination by checking presence of extra tissue in throat. PSG (Polysomnography) records

blood oxygen level, brain activity, heart activity like BP, heart rate, etc during sleep at night for

each second. Treatment includes CPAP (Continous Positive Airway Pressure), VPAP (Variable

Positive Airway Pressure), APAP(Auto Adjusting Airway Pressure) machinesand surgery in


August 22, 2014


some cases. There is no medicinal therapy for OSA. Since OSAis life threatening disorder,

require very expensive therapy, and have limited awareness among people as well as physicians.

Thus, research in this field should be encouraged so that people can take precautions in their

daily life and mortality rate will also be reduced.

PCL-22

DIABETIC WOUND CARE AND MANAGEMENT

Vipul gogar, Minali Mishra, Piyush Khandelwal, Deepika Deopa*

Suresh Gyan Vihar School of Pharmacy Jaipur Rajasthan

Abstract:

Diabetes is an increasingly common problem and often results in severe morbidity and economic

burden. Foot infection is a common problem in diabetic patients. Hyperglycemic condition

impairs wound healing in diabetic foot ulcers which is the leading cause of wound amputation.

The abnormality in local blood flow, apoptosis, regeneration and defense mechanism contribute

to lack of healing. A series of mechanism are involved in wound healing. The pathophysiological

changes were studied in case of normal and diabetic wounds. Herein we delineate several

approaches that are under standard care practices and technological breakthroughs in the field of

diabetic wound care.

PCL-23

AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS AND ALTERNATE THERAPIES

Rakesh K Sindhu, Sandeep Arora and Jasmina Kapur*

1Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Pataiala, Punjab - 140401

Abstract:

Autoimmune disorders occur when the body's immune system turns against the body itself,

attacking as if it were a foreign pathogen. They comprise more than 50 distinct diseases and

syndromes, and affect about 5% of the population in Europe and North America, with two thirds

of the patients being female.

Autoimmune disorders include rheumatoid arthritis, multiple

sclerosis, juvenile diabetes, cardiomyopathy, antiphospholipid syndrome, Guillain-Barré

syndrome, Crohn's disease, Graves' disease, Sjogren's syndrome, alopecia, myasthenia gravis,

lupus erythematosus, and psoriasis. Arthritis alone is estimated to cause a $65 billion disease

burden , so autoimmune disorders as a group are among the most expensive diseases faced by

society today. As a result, they are the subject of significant research in both academic and

industrial laboratories. The treatment of autoimmune diseases is the prescription of the western

medicines which are strongest medication available that kills the immune system without

investigating the causes of its malfunction. Not surprisingly, the effectiveness of such a primitive

approach is usually minimal and maximum side effects. So, alternate therapies play important


August 22, 2014


role in the successful treatment of autoimmune disorders. This includes, the fight against stress,

toxicosis and microbes, vitamins, minerals, hormones, individualized diet and enzymes etc.

PCL-24

SIGMA RECEPTORS- A MILESTONE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROPSYCHIATRIC

DISORDERS

Siddharth Sharma*and Ritchu Babbar

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura (PB.)

Email: - [email protected]

Abstract

Sigma receptors, initially proposed to be of subtype of opioid receptors are now confirmed to be non-

opioid receptors that bind diverse classes of psychotropic drugs. Sigma receptors have been classified into

two subtypes namely sigma 1 and sigma 2. Ligands, which bind to sigma receptors, exert their action

through activation of multiple neurotransmitter system. The sigma 1 receptor, one of two sigma receptor

subtypes is a chaperone protein at the endoplasmic reticulum that modulates calcium signaling through

the IP3 receptor.Sigma 1 receptor is predominantly expressed in deeper lamina of the cortex,

hypothalamus, olfactory bulbs and purkinje cells of the brain. Sigma receptors play an important role in

various neuropsychiatric illness like- depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, substance use

disorders, somatic pain, and dementia..A variety of specific physiological functions have been attributed

to the sigma 1 receptor. Chief among these are modulation of Ca2+

release and inhibition of voltage gated

K+ channels. Activation of sigma 2 receptors has also been hypothesized to show anti cancer activity

though its apoptotic activity. Activation of sigma 1 and sigma 2 receptors can cause strong antidepressant

and anxiolytic actions. Many psychoactive drugs have shown affinity towards sigma receptors including

various anti depressant and anxiolytic drugs

(fluvoxamine,opipramol,sertraline,citalopram),antipsychotics(haloperidol),anticonvulsants(lamotrigine,ph

enytoin) and psychostimulants (amphetamine, methylphenidate).

PCL-25

ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICALLY USED PLANTS FOR MALARIA TREATMENT IN

NORTHERN INDIA

Sumit Sachdeva*, Shiv Kant Sharma, Dhirender Kaushik



Abstract

Malaria, the killer disease, caused by single-celled protozoan parasites called Plasmodium and

transmitted to man through the Anopheles mosquito. Malaria continues to cause morbidity and

mortality on a large scale especially in the tropics, and is endemic in some 102 countries, with

more than half of the world population at risk with fatality rates being extremely high among

young children below 5 years of age. The World Health Organization estimates that there are


August 22, 2014


between 300 and 500 million new cases of malaria worldwide, every year, mostly in Africa,

Asia, South Pacific Islands and South America, which causes at least 1 million deaths annually.

Spread of multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium and the adverse side effects of the existing

anti-malarial drugs have necessitated the search for novel, well-tolerated and more efficient anti-

malarial drugs that kill either the vector or the parasite. Since plants are considered valuable

resources for obtaining the lead for the development of new anti-malarials. As a matter of fact,

quinine and artemisinin, the two most effective anti-malarials against drug-resistant P.

falciparum, were originally derived from the plants. 80% of people in developing countries rely

on traditional medicines. In India alone, about 2,500 species of plants belonging to 1,000 genera

presenting 250 families are used in traditional medicine. Present study explores the major plants

used ethno-pharmacologically for the treatment of malaria.

PCL-26

NUTRACEUTICALS ANTIOXIDANTS EFFECTS ON PESTICIDE TOXICITY

STUDIES

Dhirender Kaushik, Rahul Gupta*, Ajay Aggarwal, A.C Rana,

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra – 136119, Haryana.


Abstract

Pesticides are chemical substances that are used to kill, repel, or control the growth of natural

organisms. Pesticides occupy a unique position among the many hazardous chemicals that men

and animals encounter daily. In the present study „Malathion‟ is one of the most widely used

organophosphate pesticide for agriculture and community health programs for controlling pest

was taken to study its toxic effects on different organs of male wistar rats. In this study, we

investigated to evaluate different parameter such as physical parameter, weight parameter, blood

parameter, sperm count method and In-vitro method and histopathology of different organs. Two

different fruits were taken for the evaluating the antioxidant studies such as Punica granatum

and Citrus limonjuice. Thirty six rats were used in this study and classifiedinto 6 groups(6

animals per group). One dose was selected for the study, 400 mg/kg (1/3.8th

of LD50). Standard

dose of 200 mg/kg of Ellagic acid and 100 mg/kg Vitamin C was taken to study the ameliorative

effect of Punica garantum andCitrus limonjuice on Malathion generated toxicity in different

organs, blood and sperm. Some of variations observed in different organs concluded that

malathion significantly affected the organs like liver, kidney, brain, testis and antioxidants

ameliorated the toxicity produced by the pesticide significantly.


August 22, 2014


PCL-27

DIETING IN OBESITY: IS IT REALLY EFFECTIVE?

Ankur Garg*, Dhirender Kaushik, Manjusha Chaudhary, A. C. Rana

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

E- mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may

have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy. People are considered obese

when their body mass index (BMI) exceeds 30 kg/ m2. Obesity increase the likelihood of various

diseases, particularly heart diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain cancer and

osteoarthritis. Dieting and exercising are the main treatments for obesity. However, anti-obesity

drugs may be taken to reduce appetite or decrease fat absorption. But the most popular means of

all used widely is dieting. The FAD diets and very low calorie are most popular among social

media nowadays. But research shows that dieting when entertained irrationally generates various

negative physical and psychological behavioral patterns like binge eating, preoccupations with

food and hunger, depressed mood, irritability, decrease social ability and apathy. Moreover,

various pathological consequences are hair loss, fatigue, constipation, nausea, diarrhea and

increased risk of gallstones.

PCL-28

CHEMOTHERAPY AND IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR TUBERCULOSIS

Amandeep Thakur*, Priya Sharma

LR Institute of pharmacy, Solan

Email:- [email protected]

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is a mycobacterium infection which occurs due to Mycobacterium

tuberculosis. It is the major infectious diseases with a mortality rate of nearly two million mostly

in developing countries every year. This increases occurrence of resistance of Mycobacterium

tuberculosis strains to the most effective antibiotics which serves as a major factor contributing

to the current TB epidemic. This situation has lead to a rise in the need of the development of

chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy is unique two phase therapy which consist of

first line and second line drugs. The drugs like Isoniazid, Ethumbutol etc. (First line ) and

ofloxacin, kanaycin etc.(Second line) are commonly used. These drugs used more effective and

easily available. The first line drugs are more effective than the second line drugs. Combination

drug therapy is desirable as a single drug is ineffective in the cases of MDR-TB. The commonly

known treatment of TB is DOTS. The immunotherapy show good result in MDR-TB. The use of

immunotherapy with Interlukin-2, Interferon and Interlukin-7 as an adjacent to drug treatment

may improve success rate of MDR- TB shortens the treatment time for drug sensitive TB and


August 22, 2014


improves the immunity by enhancing Mycobacterium tuberculosis elimination to prevent the

recurrence of disease.

PCL-29

PARKINSONISM- A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDER

Priya Jaswal*, Mrs. Anita Rani Shiksharthi

LR College of Pharmacy, Solan.

Email: priya21jaswal@gmailcom

Abstract

Parkinsonism is an umbrella term that describe many conditions which share some of the

symptoms of Parkinson‟s.So the main leading symptoms of parkinsonism are : Tremors,

Bradykinesia, Rigidity,Postural instability and also including paresthesia and Orthostatic

hypotension etc. The basic cause behind the parkinsonism is brain cell death which occurs due to

the deficiency of dopamine in striatum which control muscle tone and co-ordinate body

movements. Parkinsonism is the second most common neurodegenrative disorder after

Alzheimer‟s disease. The prevalence of parkinsonism is about 0.3% of the whole population in

industrialized countries.Caffeine consumption appear to be protective against parkinson disease

with a great decrease in this occuring with a large intake of caffienated bevarages such as coffee.

Belladonna alkaloids had been emperically used in parkinsonism. Mainly the drugs used in

parkinsonism are classified into two systems and the systems are: Dopaminergic system and

cholinerguc system. The dopaminergic system includes levodopa, bromocriptine, tolcapone and

amantidine etc and the cholinergic system includes procyclidine, promethazine etc. There are

some advanced future plans for treating and defeating parkinson‟s disease and they are: gene

therapy, neural transplantation, advance in deep brain stimulation ,medicine that provide

sustained effect throughout the day. According to WHO classification of drugs, antiparkinsonism

drugs have been assigned ATC code No.4.

PCL-30

GOUT: A COMMON FORM OF ARTHRITIS

Riya Thakur*, Mrs. Anita Rani Shiksharthi

LR College of Pharmacy, Solan

[email protected]

Abstract

Gout is a form of acute arthritis that causes severe pain and swelling in the joints. It most

commonly affects the big toe, but it may also affect the heel, ankle, hand, wrist and elbow. Gout

is different from other forms of arthritis because it occurs when there are high levels of uric acid

circulating in the blood, which can cause urate crystals to settle in the tissues of the joints. Gout

is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperuricaemia. Gout patients are advised to restrict


August 22, 2014


proteinaceous diet as it leads to increased uric acid level in the body and they are advised to take

low fat dairy products, high vitamin C food and foods containing essential fatty acids etc. An

excess of uric acid in the blood brings causes gout. Most common factor that increases the

chances of developing gout is excess consumption of alcohol, particularly beer because it is high

in purines. A gout attack may lasts several days but usually goes completely within 7 to 10 days.

It is more common in men than in women. Gout has been classified into two main types: Acute

gout and Chronic Gout. Further to be discussed in the poster is the medication for gout and the

lifestyle changes that a gout patient should make to lead a healthy life.

PCL-31

HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF MALATHION TREATED INTESTINE IN WISTAR

RATS

Shiv Kant Sharma1*, Rajnesh Kumar Sharma

2, Dhirender Kaushik

1

1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, India

2Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, India


Abstract:

Malathion [O,O-dimethyl-S-(1,2-dicarcethoxyethyl) phosphorodithioate] is an organophosphate

pesticide which is extensively used worldwide, especially in developing countries, in agriculture

and household products for pest control. Malathion is known to inhibit acetylcholinesterase

activity in the target tissues and has been associated with the dysfunction of several organ systems.

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of Malathion on histology of intestinal

system of Wistar rat. Sexually mature Wistar rats were exposed to two doses (100 mg/kg) and (500

mg/kg) dose of Malathion orally for 5 days. Intestine was removed and fixed in aqueous Bouin‟s

fixative for 48 hours and washed for 1-2 hours in running tap water. After dehydration through

series of alcoholic grades, the tissues were embedded in paraffin wax (melting point 60-620 C).

The sections were cut at 5 µm thickness. Dewaxing was carried by xylene for 15-20 min. After

removal of wax, the slides were transferred to series of alcoholic grades and then stained with

haemotoxylene and eosin. Finally sections were mounted with DPX studied for histopathological

changes. Light microscopy study revealed Malathion produces severe histological changes in

intestinal tissue in a dose dependent manner.


August 22, 2014


PCL-32

ELEVATED TUNNEL MAZE: INDIA’S OWN MAZE FOR MEASUREMENT OF

ANXIETY

Neeraj Gilhotra1* and Ritu Gilhotra

2

1 Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences,

Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India 2 School of Pharmacy, Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur - 302 025, Rajasthan, India


Abstract

Elevated tunnel maze is a novel maze that may be employed to measure anxiety- like behavior in

mice. The design of tunnel maze offers a defined aversion for mice to exhibit differentiated

anxiety- like behaviors; (a) motor transition to different arm(s) (open or covered) of maze, (b)

unprotected head dip(s) from open arm of maze (uHDIPS), (c) protected head dip(s) from closed

arm(s) of maze (pHDIPS), and (d) stretched attend postures (SAPs) on the maze. Physically,

tunnel maze comprises a white straight platform containing a middle arm (16 × 5 × 16 cm)

covered with a roof (covered arm), and two terminal open arms (16 × 5 cm) on both sides of

covered arm. A 6 mm high “lip” is positioned on the boundaries of open arms that act as a tactile

clue for mice. A significant anxiety- like behavior was exhibited by mice during its stay on

elevated tunnel maze. A significant potentiation of anxiety- like behavior was observed in mouse

on tunnel maze after forced immobilization. These observations indicate the possible usefulness

of elevated tunnel maze as a novel and potentially reliable animal maze for measurement of

anxiety- like as well as antianxiety- like behavior of mice.

PCL-33

DIMINISHED ANTI-ANXIETY EFFECT OF DIAZEPAM IN STRESSED MICE

UNDER INFLUENCE OF P38MAPKINASE

Vipin Sharma1, Sezal

*2, Ritu Gilhotra

3 and Neeraj Gilhotra

4

1 School of Pharmacy, Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur - 302 025, Rajasthan, India 2

Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi

Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India 3 School of Pharmacy, Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur - 302 025, Rajasthan, India 4


Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India.


Abstract

The present study aimed to explore the possible nitriergic influence and role of p38MAPK (p38

mitogen activated protein kinase) in the diminished anti-anxiety effect of diazepam in stressed

mice, using the elevated plus maze and light/dark box. Immobilization stress for 6h enhanced an

anxiety- like behavior and increased plasma nitrite levels in mice. Diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.)


August 22, 2014


produced an anti-anxiety effect in unstressed mice, but could not produce any change in anxiety

levels of stressed mice. SB-203580 (2 mg/kg, i.p.), a specific inhibitor of p38MAPK, per se

produced a significant anti-anxiety like activity in stressed mice. Administration of a

combination of SB-203580 (2 mg/kg, i.p.) and diazepam (2 mg/kg) in stressed mice produced a

significantly higher anti-anxiety like activity than that produced by SB-203580 alone. Diazepam

could not produce any change in plasma nitrite levels in both unstressed and stressed mice. SB-

203580 (2 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased plasma nitrite levels in stressed mice. The

observations indicate that the diminished anti-anxiety effect of diazepam in stressed mice may

involve strong nitriergic influence and may further be p38MAPK- dependent.

PCL-34

ALDOSE REDUCTASE INHIBITORS FOR MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC

COMPLICATIONS

Ajmer Singh Grewal

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana


Abstract

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, which has become global

health burden because of the complications associated with it. The polyol pathway is of prime

importance in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Aldose reductase, the rate-controlling

enzyme in the polyol pathway, is the potential target for the treatment of diabetic complications.

Therefore, inhibition of aldose reductase is an attractive approach in the management of diabetic

complications. The inhibitors of aldose reductase developed vary structurally, carboxylic acid

derivatives are the largest class. Examples include Alrestatin, Epalrestat, Tolrestat, Zopalrestat,

Zenarestat, Ponalrestat, and Lidorestat. The aldose reductase inhibitor, Epalrestat is marketed in

Japan, China and India. In addition, some other aldose reductase inhibitors had been advanced

into late stage of clinical trials. The present paper article will give brief overview of the role of

aldose reductase in the diabetic complications along with discussion on aldose reductase

inhibitors developed recently and their potential use in the treatment and management of the

major diabetic complications such as cataract, retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy.

PCL-35

DOTS THERAPY FOR TUBERCULOSIS

Bhawna Vaish*, Dhirender kaushik, A. C. Rana, Manjusha Chaudhary


Email – [email protected]

Abstract


August 22, 2014


Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is spread

through air by infected person. A single patient can infect 10 or more people in a year. M.

tuberculosis is responsible for over 98% of infections. T.B. is a serious public health problem in

India. 1/5th

of T.B. patients across the globe are in India and estimated 4 lacks deaths occur from

t.b. every year in India. But these deaths can be prevented with proper care treatment. Poor

adherence to therapy is a major factor responsible for prolonged illness, relapse and emergence

of resistance. To overcome these drawbacks, DOTS( Directly Observed Treatment Short course)

program has been started in which drugs are administered under the direct supervision of a

member of health team. It ensures that the patient has received the right drug in the right dose, at

the right interval and for the right duration. WHO DOTS strategies employing standardized

treatment for 6 months produces highest cure rates for drug sensitive T.B. The DOTS strategy

along with other component of stop T.B. strategy, implemented under the Revised National T.B.

control program (RNTCP) in India is a comprehensive package for T.B. control. The RNTCP,

based on DOTS strategy, began as a pilot in 1993 and was launched as national program in 1997.

PCL-36

ADVANCED THERAPIES IN CANCER TREATMENT: AN OVERVIEW

Minakshi Gupta*2, Jyoti Dahiya


2, Harish Dureja

2



Abstract

Cancer is one of the most frequent and distressing diseases. The mortality caused by cancer and

its prevalance have increased during the last 50 years. Cancer is still one of the most destructive

disease for human beings due to its complexity and progressive nature and the clinical

management of this deadly disease continues to be a challenge for the 21st

century. Various types

of cancer are reported in literature such as Carcinoma, Sarcoma, Lymphoma, Leukaemia,

Blastoma and Germ cell tumour. There is continuous need for new and better cancer therapies.

This review aims to present the various types, stages of cancer and also focuses on various

therapies used for the treatment of cancer. A few years ago, surgery and radiotherapy were the

only effective way to fight tumour growth. Now various therapies for the treatment of cancer

have been developed including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, proton therapy, thermotherapy,

photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, sentinel lymph node biopsy, cryotherapy and

differentiation therapy. These therapies have dramatically changed the scenerio of cancer

treatment. Further research is also needed to discriminate the various genes and signaling

pathways in the process of the carcinogenesis from cancer stem cells for development of novel

therapies, with the ultimate goal of eliminating the residual disease and recurrence.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukemia


August 22, 2014


PCL-37

POSSIBLE UNDERLYING INFLUENCE OF NF-ΚB IN THE DIMINISHED

ANTI-ANXIETY EFFECT OF DIAZEPAM IN STRESSED MICE

Vipin Sharma1, Seema Chokar

2, Ritu Gilhotra


4*

1 School of Pharmacy, Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur - 302 025, Rajasthan, India

2 Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi

Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India 3 School of Pharmacy, Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur - 302 025, Rajasthan, India

*4


Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India

Abstract

The present study was designed to explore the possible nitriergic influence and role of NF-κB in

the diminished anti-anxiety effect of diazepam in stressed mice, using the elevated plus maze and

light/dark box to assess anxiety. Immobilization stress for 6 h enhanced an anxiety-like behavior

and increased plasma nitrite levels in mice. Diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.) produced an anti-anxiety

effect in unstressed mice, but could not produce any change in anxiety levels of stressed mice.

Pyrrolidine dithiocarba- mate (PDTC), an inhibitor of the activation of NF-κB, per se produced a

significant anti-anxiety like activity in stressed mice. Combination of PDTC and diazepam also

served to produce a higher significant anti-anxiety like activity in stressed mice than that

produced by PDTC alone. Diazepam could not produce any change in plasma nitrite levels in

both unstressed and stressed mice. PDTC (100 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased plasma nitrite

levels in stressed mice. The observations indicate that the diminished anti-anxiety effect of

diazepam in stressed mice may involve strong nitriergic influence and may further be NF-κB–

dependent


August 22, 2014


PCL-38

DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION BY NEUROCHEMICALS OF ANXIETY

DISORDERS

Sant Lal1, Ritu Gilhotra


3

1 Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi

Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India 2 School of Pharmacy, Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur - 302 025, Rajasthan, India

*3


Dayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India

[email protected]

Abstract:

Condition of anxiety affects the occurrence of even normal things in life. Chemical modalities

development requires specific role of biochemical(s) that may modulate the brain processes

leading to change in behaviour. The objective of the presentation is to project biochemical

involvement of different neurochemicals in control of expression of symptoms of anxiety. In

addition to established role of GABA, agents with possible anxiolytic activity have also been

found to affect the serotonin and norepinephrine systems. This paper suggests the potential

usefulness of different neurochemicals, their mechanism of biochemical disturbance and current

potential therapeutic targets in anxiety disorders.

PCL-39

DRUG INDUCED HEPATOXICITY

Sandeep kaur*,Dhirender kaushik, Manjusha chaudhary

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Kurukshetra university,Kurukshetra

Email:- [email protected]

Abstract: Liver is the principle organ for maintaining the body‟s internal environment. There is currently

no way to reimburse for the absence of liver function. Its major influence is on the flow of

nutrients and controls the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein and fats. Drugs are an important

cause of liver injury. More than 900 drugs, toxins, and herbs have been reported to cause liver

injury. Approximately 75% of the idiosyncratic drug reactions result in liver transplantation or

death. Various types of drug induced liver diseases are acute-dose dependent liver damage, acute

fatty infiltration, cholestatic jaundice, liver granulomas, active chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis,

liver tumors etc. In INDIA, approximately 2000 cases of acute liver failure occur annually and


August 22, 2014


drugs account for over 50% of them (37% are due to acetaminophen, 13% are idiosyncratic

reactions due to other medications). Drugs account for 2- 5% of cases of patients hospitalized

with jaundice and approximately 10% of all cases of acute hepatitis. Chronic liver disease and

cirrhosis account for some 2% of mean in 17 countries with nearly 40,000 deaths per year.

Considering the importance of drug-induced hepatotoxicity as a major cause of liver damage,

this review throws light on various drugs which induce hepatotoxicity, with their mechanism of

liver damage and clinical scenario.

PCL-40

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS CAUSE’S AND TREATMENT: REVIEW

Ojashvi Sharma*, Manjusha Choudhary



Abstract:

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder, characterised by chronic and erosive destruction

and deformity of the peripheral joints. About 3 million people in US have RA and mostly in

womens. Etiology of RA is still unknown but its known to b caused by “Environmental factors,

Viruses, bacteria deposition and genetic predisposition”, targeting the potential infections

involving the activation of CD4 and T-cells which releases cytokines (TNF ,IL-1) which damage

the synovium vesicles and causes bone fibrosis and then joint deformities. It concluded as RA is

not a discrete clinical entity with a single etiological resource. Treg cells and anti-CD20 antibody

(rituximab) normally suppress inflammation by inhibiting proliferation and cytokine

production.HSV-6 and mycoplasma speices are also involved with some genetic linkages.This

represent various starting points which guides for the future aspects to treat RA and provide

future consequences for research and development of new meaningful therapeutic intervention

for this burdensome condition and this will not be an easy task.

PCL-41

PATHOGENESIS OF PEPTIC ULCER: A REVIEW

Abhishek dabra*, Manjusha choudhary

Institute of pharmaceutical science, kurukshetra university, kurukshetra

E-mail:- [email protected]

Abstract

A peptic ulcer is a sore on the lining of the stomach or duodenum. The two most common type of

peptic ulcer are called “gastric” ulcer and “Duodenal” ulcerpeptic ulcer are found due to an

imbalance between aggressive factor such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) , pepsin, refluxed bile,


August 22, 2014


leukotrienes, reactive oxygen species and defensive factors, which include the function of

mucous bicarbonate barrier, prostaglandins (PGs)mucosal blood flow cell renewal and migration,

nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants and some growth factors. H. Pylori infection and the

use of NSAIDs are the predominant cause of peptic ulcer disease. A number of factors are also

implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric ulcer. Among which major factor involved are bacterial

infection (Helicobacter pylori), certain medication (NSAIDs), chemicals (HCl/ethanol), gastric

cancer and minor factor are stress, smoking, spicy food and nutritional deficiencies. The idea

behind treating ulcer is to lower the amount of acid that your stomach make to neutralize the acid

that is made and to protect the injured area so it can have time to heal. The main of this review

has to summarize the ulcerogenic mechanism of various mediators involved in peptic ulcer

disease. Peptic ulcer disease remains a frequent clinical problem in our environment

predominantly affecting all age of people. As the prevalence of peptic ulcer disease increases

with advancing age it is expected that this common disease will continue to have a significant

global impact on health care delivery, health economics and the quality of life of patients.

PCL-42

MEMORY ENHANCING POTENTIAL OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION:

PLAUSIBLE ROLE OF OXIDATIVE BIOMARKERS

Priyanka Pahwa1*

, Rajesh Kumar Goel1, Dhirender Kaushik

2

1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala

2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

Abstract:

The Present study was designed to investigate the memory enhancing potential of Polyherbal

Formulation and the role of oxidative biomarkers. Different groups of animals were administered

with repeated doses of polyherbal formulation (100 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.), Piracetam (400 mg/kg,

p.o.), Diazepam (1 mg/kg, i.p.), Mentat (200 mg/kg, p.o.) and vehicle for 15 days. The elevated

plus maze and passive avoidance apparatus served as exteroceptive behavioral models while

diazepam induced amnesia served as interoceptive behavioral models. On the 16th

day, the

animals were sacrificed and brain homogenates were used for the estimation of acetyl

cholinesterase, TBARS and glutathione. In addition, certain serum estimation and oxidative

biomarkers were estimated. Treatment with the polyherbal formulation significantly (p<0.05)

reduced the transfer latency and increased step down latency as compared to vehicle control, in a

dose dependent manner. Moreover, remarkable changes were observed in acetyl cholinesterase,

TBARS, glutathione and oxidative biomarkers. The observed memory enhancing potential of

Polyherbal Formulation makes it a promising candidate for cognitive impairment.


August 22, 2014


PCL-43

STUDIES TO EXPLORE A COMPREHENSIVE POTENTIAL OF AGMATINE FOR

THE TREATMENT EPILEPSY AND ASSOCIATED COMORBIDITIES

Neetu*, Dinesh Gawande, Rajesh Kumar Goel

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab,

India.

Abstract:

Chronic anticonvulsant effect of agmatine using chemoconvulsant model was carried out using

Swiss albino mice (22-28 g). For ameliorative effect of agmatine treatment, fully kindled animals

were divided in different groups and challenged with PTZ shot intermittently (on day 5, 10 and

15) during the treatment period to mimic the full blown of grand mall epilepsy, After the each

challenged the seizure severity score was measured as well as after 3 hr the behavioural

evaluations were carried out to asses depression, anxiety and memory deficit.The chronic

treatment with agmatine resulted in significant reduction in seizure severity score in PTZ kindled

animals as compared to PTZ control animals. PTZ kindling is significantly associated with

depression, memory deficit and anxiety. Sodium valproate treatment reduced the seizure severity

score but could not improve the depressive behaviour and memory deficit in mice. Treatment

with agmatine 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 20mg/kg significantly reduced seizure severity score along

with the improvement in depressive behaviour and memory deficit. However, treatment with the

lower dose (10 mg/kg) appears to be more effective. The ameliorative effect of agmatine on

seizure severity score and associated comorbidities may be due to its inhibitory effect on NMDA

receptor and The present study concludes that agmatine effective in the management of epilepsy

as well as associated psychiatric comorbidities.

PCL-44

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EPILEPTIC BEHAVIOURAL CO-MORBIDITIES IN

PENTYLENETETRAZOLE KINDLED AND KINDLING RESISTANT MICE

Navjot Kaur, Tanveer Singh, Rajesh Kumar Goel Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University Patiala, Punjab,

India.

Abstract:

45 Swiss Albino mice were kindled using PTZ (35 mg/kg i.p.), treated for 42 days on alternative

days. After chronic kindling animals were divided into two groups i.e. kindled group and PTZ-

resistant group (comprises of animals exhibiting no seizure after kindling period) along with

naive group. After last PTZ injection animals were evaluated for seizure severity score,

depressive behavior, memory deficit and anxiety. Resistance was found in 20% of animals. In

PTZ-kindled animals, significantly worsen learning abilities and depression were found as

compared to naive and PTZ-resistant animals. Whereas in case of anxiety, both kindled and PTZ-


August 22, 2014


resistant mice were found to be anxious as compared to naive. PTZ-kindling is associated with

resistance and kindling-resistant animals not showing psychiatric co-morbid depression and

memory loss.

PCL-45

MULTIPLE EXPOSURE TO DICHLORVOS AND MONOCROTOPHOS ON THE

BREATHING PATTERN AND RESPIRATORY VARIABLES IN RATS

Vinesh Choudhary

L.B.S. College of Pharmacy, Jaipur

Abstract

In the present study toxicity arising due to multiple exposures to dichlorvos and was analyzed.

Toxicity was studied by examining the breathing pattern using a computer generated program

that measures changes in the various respiratory variables at a time. Rats weighing around 200

gm were divided in different groups each of which was exposed to dichlorvos and

monocrotophos at different LD50 doses individually and in combination. AChE activity in brain

and serum for different group animals was also determined. There was a dose dependent

decrease in normal breath, suggesting involvement of toxicity in terms of broncho-constriction,

bronchorrhea, increased bronchial secretions with both dichlorvos and monocrotophos. However

it was more marked with monocrotophos than dichlorvos indicating that monocrotophos is more

toxic. In the present study monocrotophos exerts all effects maximally and therefore maximum

suppression of normal respiration was observed. Though co-exposure of DDVP and MCP was

expected to have more effect on AChE inhibition and respiratory failure, but un- anonymously it

was found that co-exposure of two showed antagonistic effect.

PCL-46

BOTTLE GOURD IS A NAURAL GUARD

Satbir Kaur*

Pharmacology Division, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University,

Kurukshetra

Abstract

Lagenaria siceraria (Cucurbitaceae), popularly known as bottle gourd, louki or ghiya, is a

climbing plant, which bears hard-shelled and bottle-shaped gourds as fruits. Being rich in

vitamins, iron and minerals, it is forms an excellent diet for people having digestive problems.

Since it contains low calories, bottle gourd is an awesome foodstuff for shedding extra calories.

The fruit possesses diuretic, emetic, and refrigerant properties. Extract of the seeds show

antibiotic activity. The juice is helpful in constipation, premature graying hair, urinary disorders

and insomnia. Lagenaria siceraria juice were screened for its anti-nociceptive property using

both chemical and thermal methods of nociception in mice. Lagenaria siceraria juice was


August 22, 2014


administered at various concentrations ranging from 4%-16% v/v orally to Swiss mice (30g),

once daily for 15 successive days. The analgesic activity was measured using Tail Flick Method,

Tail Immersion Method and Acetic acid induced Writhing Test. Lagenaria siceraria juice

inhibited the abdominal constrictions induced by acetic acid and also increased the pain

threshold of mice towards the thermal source in a dose dependent manner. The activity exhibited

by the Lagenaria siceraria juice was comparable to that of the standard drug diclofenac (100

mg/kg/p.o). From the results it was concluded that Lagenaria siceraria juice exhibited anti-

nociceptive activity by central and peripheral mechanism(s). These findings reveal the analgesic

potential of ghiya.

PCL-47

RNA INTERFERENCE AND PERSONALIZED CANCER THERAPY

Kuldeep Vyas*, Shubhangi Chauhan, Dinesh Kumawat



Abstract:-

Cancer is a complex disease both intrinsically and in relation to its host environment. From a

molecular standpoint no two cancers are the same despite histolytic similarity. As evidenced by

the recent advances in molecular biology, treatment for advanced cancer is headed towards

specific targeting of vulnerable signaling nodes within the reconfigured pathways created by

"omic" rewiring. With advancements in proteo-genomics and the capacity of bioinformatics,

complex tumor biology can now be more effectively and rapidly analyzed to discover the

vulnerable high information transfer nodes within individual tumors. RNA interference (RNAi)

technology, with its capability to knock down the expression of targeted genes (the vulnerable

nodes), is moving into the clinic to target these nodes, which are integral to tumor maintenance,

with a low risk of side-effects and to block intrinsic immunosuppressors thereby priming the

tumor for immune attack. An RNAi based sequential approach, a so called "one-two punch," is

being advocated comprising tumor volume reduction (ideally to minimal residual disease status)

effected by integrated multi-target knockdown followed by immune activation. Examples and

recent developments are provided to illustrate this highly powerful approach heralding the future

of personalized cancer therapy.



August 22, 2014


PHARMACHEMISTRY

ABSTRACTS


August 22, 2014


PCHEM-1

SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 3-(4-(2-(ARYL)-4-

OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-3-YL)PHENYL-2-PHENYLQUINAZOLIN-4(3H)-ONES.

Samridhi*, Sandeep Jain

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and

Technology, Hisar, Haryana

Abstract

A number of 3-(4-(2-(aryl)-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)phenyl-2-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one

derivatives were synthesized by using anthranilic acid as a starting material. The structure of

entitled compounds (QT1-QT10) have been confirmed on the basis of various spectroscopical

techniques (IR, 1HNMR) and analytical methods (Rf, Melting point) as well as, all the

synthesized compounds were subjected to in vitro anticancer and antimicrobial activities.

ForIn vitro anticancer studies, two cell lines (MCF-7, Hep-G2) were used for evaluating

cytotoxic potential of synthesized derivatives by MTT assay method. QT4showed significant

cytotoxic activity against Hep-G2 cell line with IC50 value 1.79 while other compounds did not

exhibit anticancer profile.Compound QT6-QT8 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against

MCF-7 cell line with IC50 value 8.57, 8.54, 8.78 while QT5 showed significant cytotoxic activity

with IC50 1.94. For In vitroantimicrobial studies, all compounds QT1-QT10 were evaluated

against two bacterial strains (B. subtilis, E. coli) and two fungal strains (C. albicans, A. niger)by

tube dilution method. QT3 has broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. QT2-QT10 showed

remarkable activity against gram positive bacterial strain

B. subtilis but QT1 did not show any significant activity against B. subtilis. QT1-QT10 showed

very good activity against gram negative bacterial strain E. coli. QT3, QT7, QT9 QT10 showed

good activity against both fungal strains (C. albicans, A. niger) while QT4, QT5, QT6 were

totally inactive.

PCHEM-4

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF CHALCONE-THIAZOLIDINONE

HYBRIDS FOR ANTICANCER ACTIVITY

RuchikaGoyal*, Sunil Kumar, Ashwani Kumar, Sandeep Jain

Drug Discovery and Research Laboratory,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru

Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, India

Abstract

A series of 3-(4-cinnamoylphenyl)-2-phenylthiazolin-4-one (chalcone-thiazolidinone hybrids)

has been designed, docked, synthesized in good yield and evaluated for anticancer activity on the

three cell lines A-549, U-87 and COLO-205. The designed compounds were first of all docked

into various receptors: Topoisomerase II (PDB: 1ZXM), JNK‟s [PDB: 1UKI (JNK1), 1JNK

(JNK3)], ERα (3ERT) and ERβ (1X78), BChE (1EHO), COX-1 (20YE), COX-2 (3LN1), P-Gp


August 22, 2014


(3G60) involved in anticancer activity using in-silico tools (iGEMDOCK, AutoDockVina and

AutoDock), and then synthesized by the process involving green chemistry. All the compounds

showed significant cytotoxic effect in micro-molar range on the three cell lines. Compounds CT8

and CT6 were found to be the most potent on A-549 and COLO-205 (IC50 = 38.89 µM and 52.23

µM) respectively. Observed IC50 values on COLO-205 were found to be in good agreement with

theoretical binding affinity on COX-1 enzyme.

PCHEM-5

CHROMONEDERIVATIVES : AS ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENTS

Sonia Kohli*,Sukhbir L Khokra,DhirenderKaushik

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra-136119

E-mail:- [email protected]

Abstract

Continuing our efforts on synthesis of some new chromone derivatives of potential biological

interest, we became interested in the synthesis of some new chromone derivatives for their

antidepressant activity. Chromone is a derivative of benzopyran with a substituted keto group on

the pyran ring. It is an isomer of coumarin.A literature revealed that substituted chromone have

received much attention during recent years on account of their prominent potential as

cardiotonic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, antimicrobial, antibacterial, herbicidal

activities. Depression is a common neurological condition affecting 0.5 to 1% of the population

worldwide. The present review enumerates the results of different studies on chromone with

antidepressant properties and describes potential role of chromone nucleus in the development of

antidepressant agents.

PCHEM-6

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NEW SUBSTITUTED 2-(4-(5-

ARYLISOXAZOL-3-YL)PHENOXY)ACETIC ACID DERIVATIVES

Navidha*, Sandeep Jain

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology,

Hisar-125001, Haryana, India

Abstract

A number of substituted 2-(4-(5-arylisoxazol-3-yl)phenoxy)acetic acid derivatives were

synthesized by three step reaction: (i) Synthesis of chalcone derivatives from p-

hydroxyactophenone and substituted benzaldehyde (ii) the condensation of the Chalcone with

hydroxylamine hydrochloride (iii) the reaction of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-aryl-isoxazole with

chloroacetic acid and sodium hydroxide. All compounds were obtained in appreciable yield



August 22, 2014


which were characterized by determination of various physicochemical parameters, IR and 1H

NMR analysis. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for in vitroantimicrobial activity

against two Gram negative StrainsEscherichia coli and Psuedomonasaeruginosa and Gram

positive strainBacillus subtilisand fungal strainCandida albicans and Aspergillusniger.All

synthesized compounds have a significant antimicrobial activity against the tested

microorganisms. Among the synthesized compounds IA6 (2-(4-(5-(4-nitrophenyl) isoxazol-3-

yl)phenoxy)acetic acid ) were found to be the most active antimicrobial compound.

PCHEM-7

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 2-(CHLOROMETHYL)-4-

PHENYLQUINOLINE-3-CARBOHYDRAZIDEDERIVATIVES

ManishaBishnoi, Rakesh K. Marwaha, SaloniKakkar and BalasubramanianNarasimhan

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak-124001

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Microbial infections are increasing at an alarming rate. Clinicians have to become reliant on few

antimicrobial drugs available in the market but that is not sufficient as microbial species are

getting resistant very fastly. In order to meet these challenges there is need for the development

of novel antimicrobial drugs to which the microbes have never been presented before So we have

synthesized a series of 2-(chloromethyl)-4-phenylquinoline-3-carbohydrazidederivatives and

evaluated them for their antimicrobial activity by tube dilution method against Gram positive

bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis), Gram negative bacterium (Escherichia coli)

and against fungus (Candida albicans and Aspergillusniger). The synthesized compounds having

electron donating substituents showed appreciable antimicrobial potentials. Antimicrobial

activity results indicated that Compound 6 (MICsa = 0.61 x 10-2

µM/ml) was found to be most

potent antibacterial agent against S. aureus. Compound 1 (MICbs = 0.68 x 10-2

µM/ml) was

found to be active againstB. subtilis. Compound 9 (MICca = 0.68 x 10-2

µM/ml) displayed most

potent antifungal activity against C. albicansand may be taken as lead compounds for the

development of novel antimicrobial agents.

PCHEM-8

3D QSAR AND DOCKING STUDY OF 2-((PYRIDIN-3-YLOXY) METHYL)PIPERAZINES

AS Α7 NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR MODULATORS FOR THE

TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS

DeepikaPurohita,Sanjiv Kumar

a, AjitKumar

b#andBalasubramanianNarasimhan

a$

aFacultyof Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak-124001 bCentre For Bioinformatics Centre, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak-124001



August 22, 2014


E-mail: #[email protected],

[email protected]

Abstract

Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) of 27 analogues of

2-((Pyridin-3-yloxy) methyl) piperazine derivatives was carried out using software Tripos

SYBYL X. Optimal r2

(0.854) and q2(0.541) values were obtained for 3D QSAR model. The

contour plots obtained from CoMFA analysis have shown 13.84% steric contribution and

66.14% electrostatic contribution towards anti-inflammatory activity. α7Nicotinic Acetylcholine

Receptor is the reported target protein for anti-inflammatory activity. The homology model of

the receptor protein was generated in SWISS MODELLER using auto template mode and was

analysed for the quality using Procheck, QMEAN Z-score, Anolea and GROMOS plots. The

QMEAN score for the model was observed to be -3.862. The generated model of α7 Nicotinic

Acetylcholine Receptor was used for docking study of all 27 piperazine analogues using Auto-

Dock 4.2.5.1. The dock score obtained from docking analysis was then correlated with

experimental pIC50 values for in-silico validation of the developed CoMFA model and a good

correlation was obtained with correlation coefficient (r2) value of -0.7378. The negative r

2 value

signifies that more is the pIC50, lesser is the dock score and thus better is the binding of ligand

with the receptor. The present investigation suggests an optimal 3D-QSAR with CoMFA model

for further evaluating new chemical entities based on piperazine skeleton.

PCHEM-9

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF N-(2-(ARYL)-4-

OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-3-YL)-2-(NAPTHALEN-2-YLOXY)PROPANAMIDES

Mukilkumar*, Sandeep Jain



Abstract A series of someN-(2-(aryl)-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)-2-(napthalen-2-yloxy)propanamides were

synthesized by using β-naphthol and 2-chloropropionic acid as a starting material. Firstly, 2-

(napthalen-2-yloxy) propanoic acid was prepared from β-naphthol and 2-chloropropionic acid

which is after esterification with ethanol reacted with hydrazine hydrate to give rise to

corresponding hydrazides. Hydrazides were converted to corresponding Schiff bases which on

reaction with thioglycholic acid in presence of anhydrous zinc chloride and DMF to yield the

title compounds. The structure of title compounds (NT01-NT10) have been confirmed on the

basis of various spectral techniques (IR, 1HNMR) and physicochemical methods (Rf, Melting

point). All the synthesized derivatives were evaluated in vitro against two bacterial strains (B.

subtilis, E. coli) and two fungal strains (C. albicans, A. niger) by tube dilution method. NT01,

NT02, NT04 and NT05 showed remarkable ctivity against both bacterial (B. subtilis, E. coli.)

and fungal strains (C. albicans, A. niger). NT03, NT07 showed good activity against A. niger

strain only.

mailto:[email protected],



August 22, 2014


PCHEM-10

SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF SOME 5-(4-((2-SUBSTITUTED-4-

OXOQUINAZOLIN-3(4H)-YL)IMINO)METHYLBENZYLIDENE)-1,3-

THIAZOLIDINE-2,4-DIONE DERIVATIVES FOR POTENTIAL ANTIMICROBIAL

ACTIVITY

AnshuPrabha Singh*, Sandeep Jain

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJUS&T, Hisar

Abstract

A series of 5-(4-((2-substituted-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)imino)methylbenzylidene)-1,3-

thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivativeshave been synthesized by the reaction of anthranilic acid and

different acyl chlorides or benzoyl chlorides and screened for potential antimicrobial activity.

All the derivatives were obtained in good yield and the purity of the compounds was confirmed

by Rf value and melting point. The structures of the synthesized derivatives were confirmed on

the basis of their spectral data such as IR and 1HNMR.

The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds was tested

in vitro using serial dilution method against gram negative (Escherichia coli) and gram positive

(Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) bacterial strains and fungal strains (Aspergillusniger,

Candida albicans). All the compounds have displayed moderate to good antimicrobial activity.

The results revealed that the derivatives QA-11, QA-12,

QA-14 and QA-18 have shown good activity against B.subtilisand S.aureusand the derivatives

QA-14 and QA-18 exhibited remarkable activity against E.coli.

The derivatives QA-11 and QA-14 have displayed good antifungal activity against

A. nigerandC.albicans.

PCHEM-11

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF N-(2-(ARYL)-4-

OXOTHIAZOLIDIN-3-YL)-2-(2-(2-METHYL-5-NITRO-1H-IMIDAZOL-1-

YL)ETHOXY)ACETAMIDE

Abhishek*, Sandeep Jain



Abstract

A series of new N-(2-(aryl)-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)-2-(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-

yl)ethoxy)acetamide derivatives were synthesized by using metronidazole as a starting material.

Firstly 5-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole-1-yl)-3-oxopentanoic acid was prepared from

metronidazole and chloroacetic acid which is after esterification with ethanol reacted with

hydrazine hydrate to give rise to corresponding hydrazides. Hydrazides were converted to

corresponding Schiff bases which on reaction with thioglycholic acid in presence of anhydrous


August 22, 2014


zinc chloride and dry DMF to yield the title compounds. The purity of compounds was

ascertained by their physicochemical data (Rf, Melting point) and structure of synthesized

compounds (MT01-MT10) were confirmed on the basis of their spectral data (IR, 1HNMR). All

the compounds were evaluated against both bacterial and fungal strains. MT02, MT05

compounds showed remarkable activity against both bacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia

coli) and fungal strains (Aspergillusniger, Candida albicans). MT01, MT04, MT07, MT10

showed good activity against all the microbial strains.

PCHEM-12

SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALAUTION OF BENZOXAZOLE-

COUMARIN DERIVATIVES AS SAFE ANTI-INLFAMMATORY AGENTS

SwarandeepKohli*, SonaliSandhu, YogitaBansal, Gulshan Bansal

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002,

Punjab, India

ABSTRACT

Taking into consideration the importance of naturally existing coumarins as strong anti-oxidants,

the present study is undertaken to couple this nucleus with benzoxazole to develop safe anti-

inflammatory agents. Benzoxazole is core nucleus present in anti-inflammatory drug,

Benoxaprofen, which was withdrawn from clinics because of phototoxicity. The two series (4a-

e) and (5a-e) were designed and synthesized to obtain varied substituted benzoxazolecoumarin

derivatives. The series was evaluated for anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic potential

and oxidative stress induction. Results of anti-oxidant activity study revealed compound 5e to be

most potent in comparison to test compound and standard drug, BHT. Anti-inflammmatory

activity was evaluated through in-vitro HRBC model and in-vivo Paw-edema model which

revealed that compound 5c exhibits maximum activity with 92.5% prevention of lysis and 52.7%

inhibition of edema. Compound 5c also possess significant anti-oxidant activity. Various

biochemical estimations and evaluation of ulcerogenic potential indicated compound 5c to be

maximally safe on gastric mucosa as well as induced negligible oxidative stress. Thus compound

5c may be taken as lead benzoxazole derivative for the development of safe anti-inflammatory

agents as they may not cause phototoxicity. This property may be attributed to the radical

scavenging ability of coumarin nucleus.


August 22, 2014


PCHEM-13

HYDROGEN SULFIDE RELEASING HYBRIDS – A NOVEL APPROACH

Babita Devi*, PreetiRawat, Bhartendu Sharma.

L R College of pharmacy Solan

[email protected]

ABSTRACT The concept of hybrids in medicinal chemistry is not new and has been applied in several

therapeutic areas. In recent years, physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide have been recognized,

and there is emerging evidence that this endogenous gaseous substance can modulate

physiological processes. Moreover, hydrogen sulfide donors can increase the resistance of the

gastric mucosa to injury and accelerate repair. They are also known to produce cardioprotective

action and plays an important role in brain functions, probably acting as a neuromodulator as

well as an intracellular messenger. Furthermore, hydrogen sulphide inhibit smooth muscle

proliferation and platelet aggregation. Hydrogen sulphide is emerging as an important

endogenous modulator,because it exihibit the beneficial effects of nitric oxide on the

cardiovascular system without producing toxic metabolites. So taking into consideration the vast

application of hydrogen sulphide in the field of medicine, Its hybrids have been prepared and are

found to exhibit better activity as compared to conventional drugs. Few examples are

cardiovascular, H2S donating aspirin ; urology, H2S donating sildenafil ; and neurodegenerative,

H2S donating latanoprost for glaucoma treatment and H2S donating levodopa for Parkinson

disease. The method consists of combining appropriate chemical moeities carrying the hydrogen

sulphide group with the native drugs in order to obtain the best pharmacodynamic and

pharmacokinetic profile. The connecting linkers may range from aliphatic chains to

heteroaromatic rings.

PCHEM-14

DESIGN, MOLECULAR DOCKING AND SYNTHESIS OF 2-(2-

HYDRAZINYL)THIAZOLE DERIVATIVES AS POTENTIAL ANTI-MALARIAL

AGENTS

Dhirender Kaushik1, DeepikaPaliwal

*1, Shilpy Aggarwal

2

1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana

2R.K.S.D. (PG) College Kaithal, 136 027, Haryana


Abstract

Malaria is one of the eminent threats and challenges facing our mankind presently. Malaria

parasite having developed multiple drug resistance to clinically established drugs, there is a

compelling need to introduce new chemical entities that can overcome the resistance. In present



August 22, 2014


work, we have designed2-(2-hydrazinyl)thiazole derivatives as anti-malarial agents. Lipnski‟s

“Rule of five” parameter and toxicity parameters were predicted through online servers like

Molinspiration and Osiris property explorer. To understand the mechanism, the designed

compounds were first of all docked into various receptors involved in anti-malarial activity using

in-silico tools like Autodock 4.2. Docking parameters such as binding free energy values of the

designed analoques were compared with standard drugs and those compounds having high

affinity towards receptor were synthesized using Hantzschthiazole synthesis method. This

involves reaction betweenthiosemicarbazoneand α, α-dibromoacetophenone. The chemical

structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR and 1H NMR spectral data.

All synthesized compounds were screened for their anti-malarial activity using in-vitro method.

PCHEM-15

HANSCH ANALYSIS OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES

OF SUBSTITUTED 1-ALKYL/ARYL-3-ETHOXY CARBONYL-5-HYDROXY-2-

METHYL INDOLES

Pradeep Kumar1*, Balasubramanian Narasimhan

2and Ruma Saharan

3

1Doon Valley Institute of Pharmacy and Medicine, Karnal, Haryana – 132001, India.

2Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak - 124 001, India.

3Advanced Centre for Biotechnolgy, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak – 124 001, India.


Abstract

The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of substituted 1-alkyl/aryl-3-ethoxy carbonyl-5-

hydroxy-2-methyl indoles were correlated with their physicochemical parameters using Hansch

analysis. The multiple linear regression (MLR) model developed for anti-inflammatory activity

indicated the importance of lipophilic parameter, log of octanol/water partition co-efficient (log

P) and electronic parameter, energy of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) in

describing the anti-inflammatory activity. The QSAR model developed for the analgesic activity

demonstrated the importance of topological parameter, Kier‟s alpha shape index of first order

(1) in describing the analgesic activity. The developed QSAR models were cross-validated by

leave-one-out technique.


August 22, 2014


PCHEM-16

DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF QUINOLINYL PYRAZOLES AS DUAL INHIBITOR OF

FALCIPAIN-2 & DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE FOR ANTIMALARIAL

POTENTIAL

Sandeep Jain1, Deepika Saini

1*, Dhirender Kaushik

2, Ajay Kumar

2

1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GJU S&T, Hisar 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, K.U. Kurukshetra


Abstract

Resistance of malaria parasites has quickly developed to almost all used antimalarial drugs.

Accordingly,the discovery of new effective drugs to counter the spread of malaria parasites that

are resistant to existing agents, especially acting on multi-targets, is an urgent need. The cysteine

protease falcipain-2 (FP-2)and dihydrofolatereductase (DHFR) play crucial roles in the

Plasmodium life cycle. In this study, a seriesof quinolinylpyrazoles as dual inhibitor of FP-2 and

DHFR have been designed using Molecular modelling techniques like docking simulations,

pharmacophore modelling etc. with the aid of Autodockvina and LigandScout.

Quinolinylpyrazoles were synthesised by VilsmeierHaack reaction and further characterized by

IR and NMR spectroscopy. Compound 4d (4-Cl substituted) was found to possess best dual

activity against both the receptors in docking study.

PCHEM-17

THE DISCOVERY OF LESS TOXIC NOVEL DPP-IV INHIBITORS:

PHARMACOPHORE MODELING, VIRTUAL SCREENING, MOLECULAR

DOCKING AND IN SILICO ADMET STUDIES

Ajay Kumar, Aman Thakur*, Dhirender Kaushik



Abstract

The identification of important 3D spatial chemical features of DPP-IV inhibitors will be helpful

to discover the potential of anti-diabetic activity. The best ligand based pharmacophore

hypothesis, one hydrogen bond donor (HBD), two hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), two positive

ionizable areas (PIA) and one hydrophobic region (HY) and structure based pharmacophore

model one HBD, one HBA, one PIA and one HY region were generated using LigandScout. Test

and Decoy sets were used for the validation of generated pharmacophore models and used

further for virtual screening of the Zinc library. Subsequently, molecular docking and ADMET

studies were employed to evaluate the drug-likeness properties of the hit compounds. Finally,

twelve compounds were obtained as novel leads to inhibit the DPP-IV for anti-diabetic activity.


August 22, 2014


PCHEM-18

Molecular Modeling and ADMET Prediction Studies of Novel Butenolides as Potential

Inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum L-Lactate Dehydrogenase

DeepikaChoudhary ,SukhbirLalKhokra

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119 Haryana

Abstract

Malaria, in particular that caused by Plasmodium falciparum, is prevalent across the tropics, and

its medicinal control is limited by widespread drug resistance. Complications associated with

drug resistance necessitate the discovery of effective new anti-malarial agents. L-Lactate

dehydrogenase of Plasmodium falciparum reveals a new potential target for anti-malarial design.

In present study, a combined approach of virtual screening including docking study and ADMET

prediction is applied to evaluate a set of designed hypothetical butenolides for anti-malarial

potential. Docking studies were performed against an X-ray crystal structure of Plasmodium

falciparum L-Lactate dehydrogenase (PDB ID- 1LDG), using Glide docking program. Poses

were evaluated by counting the no. of favorable interactions, glide score and glidemodel score.

Out of eighty eight hypothetical compounds, twenty eight compounds (1k, 2d, 2i, 2j,4d, 5b, 5d,

6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6i, 6j, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7h, 7i, 8i, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8i) were having better glide

score and ten compounds (4a, 4b, 4c, 4e, 4h, 4i, 4k, 5d, 6j, 8e) shown good no. of interactions as

compared to the standard. Thereafter, all designed butenolides were filtered using in silico

calculation of physiochemical properties by software QikProp 3.6, such as molarweight (MW),

number of rotatable bonds (NRB), lipophilicityparameter (log p), number of hydrogen bond

acceptors(HBA), number of hydrogen bond donors (HBD), solubility (log s), percentage human

oral absorption, Lipinski violations etc. Twenty four analogues (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i,

1j, 2d, 3c, 3d, 3i, 3j, 4a, 4c, 4d, 4i, 4j, 5i, 8c, 8d, 8j) lied in the specified range of the

pharmacokinetic properties. Results of the in silico virtual screening and docking studies

revealed that compounds 2d, 4a, 4c, 4d, 4i, 8c and 8d have good binding affinity as well as

ADMET properties to become successful drugs.

PCHEM-19

SYNTHESIS, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTICANCER EVALUATION OF N-[2-(4-

CHLORO-PHENYL)-4-OXO-4H-QUINAZOLIN-3-YL]-2-{4-[2-(SUBSTITUTED

PHENYLAMINO)-ACETYL]-PIPERAZIN-1-YL}-ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES

Sanjiv Kumar, Shinky Mehta, Pradeep Kumar, Rakesh K. Marwaha and

BalasubramanianNarasimhan

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India.

E-mail ID: [email protected], [email protected]


August 22, 2014


Abstract

In the present study, a series of N-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl]-2-{4-[2-

(substituted phenylamino)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-acetamide derivatives (1-17) were synthesized

and characterized by physicochemical means. The synthesized compounds were screened for

their antimicrobial and anticancer potentials. The in vitro antimicrobial activity results indicated

that the synthesized compounds were more active against fungal strains as compared to bacterial

strains. 2-{4-[2-(4-amino-2-methyl-phenylamino)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-N-[2-(4-chloro-

phenyl)-4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl]-acetamide (3) was found to be the most potent antifungal

agent, having more antifungal activity than standard drug, fluconazole. The in vitro anticancer

activity results indicated that N-[2-(4-chloro-phenyl)-4-oxo-4H-quinazolin-3-yl]-2-{4-[2-(2,3-

dichloro-phenylamino)-acetyl]-piperazin-1-yl} acetamide (5) (having anticancer activity

comparable to standard drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)) was found to be the most active anticancer

agents

PCHEM-20

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF 1-AMINO-1, 8a-

DIHYDROQUINOLINE-2(4ah)-ONE DERIVATIVE

Savitri ,Sanjiv Kumar, Rakesh K. MarwahaandBalasubramanianNarasimhan

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak-124001

E-mailID: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is recognized as a major global health security issue that threatens a return

to the pre-antibiotic era, with potentially catastrophic economic, social and political

ramifications. Coumarins have attracted intense interest in recent years because of their diverse

pharmacological properties such as anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral,

anti-inflammatory, antidepressant and antitumor potentials. In the present study, a series of

1-amino-1,8a-dihydroquinoline-2(4aH)-one derivatives were synthesized and characterized by

physiochemical means.All the newly synthesized compounds were investigated for their

in vitro antimicrobial potential against Gram positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. subtilis), Gram

negative bacterium (E. coli) and fungal strains (C. albicans and A. niger) by tube dilution

method. Results of antimicrobial study indicated thatcompound 13 (MICsa = 1.68 x 10-2

µM/ml

and compound 20 MICca = 1.01 x 10-2

µM/ml) were found to be most potent antibacterial and

antifungal agent comparable to norfloxacin and fluconazole against

S. aureusas well as C. albicans, respectively and may be taken as lead compound for the

development of novel antimicrobial agents.



August 22, 2014


PCHEM-21

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF

N-SUBSTITUED-2-(1H-BENZOTRIAZOL-1-YL)ACETOHYDRAZIDEDERIVATIVES

Manisha,SaloniKakkarandBalasubramanianNarasimhan

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India.

E-mail ID: [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract

Although number of drugs is available in the market, but the need of discovering the new

antimicrobial drugs with better pharmacokinetic profile and lesser toxicity has become the main

objective in the field of medicinal chemistry, it is also due to the fast microbial resistance to the

existing molecules. Paradoxically, some pharmaceutical companies have in dicated that they are

curtailing anti-infective research program. Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms

are considered to be one of the most effective antimicrobial drugs used as either single agents or

in combination for cancer therapy. 1,2,3-benzotriazole derivatives became the most important

compounds with the advantage of low toxicity, high oral bioavailability and broad spectrum

activity. A series of N-substitued-2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl) acetohydrazidederivativeswas

synthesized and evaluated for its antimicrobial potentials.Results of antimicrobial study indicated

thatcompound 5 (MICec = 0.81x 10-2

µM/ml) was found to be most potent antibacterial agent.

Antifungal activity results indicated that compounds 11, 17 (MICan = 0.96 x 10-2

µM/ml and

MICca = 1.60 x 10-2

µM/ml) were found to be most potent antifungal agents against A. nigerand

C. albicans respectively and may be taken as lead compound for the development of novel

antimicrobial agents

PCHEM-22

Thiazolidinones: the versatile pharmacophore of medicinal significance

Sonakshi Seth*, SukhbirLal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

Laureate Institute of Pharmacy, Jawalaji, Himachal Pradesh

Abstract

A wide variety of heterocyclic systems have been explored for developing pharmaceutically

important molecules. 2,4-Thiazolidinone and its derivatives represented the most promising

group of compounds having a variety of pharmacological features. Owing to the wide range of

pharmacological activities, the synthesis of compounds having Thiazolidine-4-one moiety has

become an important target during last few decades as they are endowed with variety of

biological activities and have wide range of therapeutic properties. Thiazolidine-4-one has been

reported to possess antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-

tubercular, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-convulsant activities. A number of Marketed

compounds possessing thiazolidinone ring are Ralitoline(Anticonvulsant),




August 22, 2014


Spiclomazine(Psychotropic),Piprozolin(Choleretic),Etozolin(Antihypertensive),Mezolidon(Antiu

lcer),Nitrodan(Antihelmintic), Epatrestat(Aldose reductaseinhibtor).Traditionally, searching for

lead drug compound was done by screening existing synthetic compound but now days,

combinatorial chemistry has evolved as an emerging technology with the potential to rapidly

expand aroundidentified hits for lead progression.Combinatorial chemistry and multiple parallel

synthesis have transformed the field of medicinal chemistry for the better. It helps not only in

optimizing the activity but also aid in molecular recognition and in understanding the mechanism

of action.The anti-cancer and anti-HIV activities are the most encouraging activities for the

pharmacists so by the present scenario it can be concluded that 2,4- thiazolidinones have a great

potential which remain to be disclosed till date.

PCHEM-23

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL IMIDAZOLE CLUBBED TRIAZOLE DERIVATIVES

Archana Sharma1, Vipin Kumar

2, Sunil Kumar

1, Dharam Pal Pathak

3

1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136119, India 2School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Kishangarh-

305801 India 3Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, New Delhi-110017, India


Abstract

The imidazole scaffold is extremely versatile and has been featured in a number of clinically

used drugs. The triazole scaffold is also known as biologically active compound present in

number of drugs. During recent years, there has been a large investigation on different classess

of substituted imidazole bearing triazole compounds. Many of the compounds have been found

to possess an extensive spectrum pharmacological activities such as antibacterial and antifungal,

analgesic and antiinflammatory, anticancer, antitubercular, antiviral, antimalarial, antidiabetic

etc. The present work includes synthesis of five new imidazole clubbed triazole derivatives.

Compounds have been synthesized employing benzil as a starting material which was reacted

with different aromatic aldehydes, ammonium acetate and sulphanilic acid catalyst in basic

medium composed of sodium bicarbonate and N,N-dimethylformamide to yield 2,4,5-

trisubstituted imidazoles. The imidazoles were then reacted with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and

carbon disulphide to yield imidazole bearing triazole derivatives. The chemical structures of all

the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR and 1HNMR spectral data.


August 22, 2014


PCHEM-24

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF AMINO-BIPHENYL-3-

CARBALDEHYDE DERIVATIVES

Ritika Bhatia. Sanjiv Kumar. BalasubramanianNarasimhan*

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak-124001, India.

*Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Multidrug resistance is a condition which enables the disease causing microorganisms to resist

distinct antimicrobial viz. antibiotic, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-parasitic drugs. This creates a

serious problem as the emergence and spread multi drug resistant gram positive bacteria such as

methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), penicillin resistant

Streptococcuspneumonia (PRSP), and vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) have made

treatment of infectious diseases difficult.The current scenario highlights the need for the

discovery and development of new lead compounds of simple structure, exhibiting optimal

antimicrobial potency and new mechanisms of action with minimum side effects. The search for

new drugs which can selectively target the tumour cells is today‟s goal of chemotherapy and is a

never ending process, till the goal is reached.Benzylidene aniline derivatives are a very important

class of pharmacologically active compounds. They have been extensively studies and are

proved to possess a plethora of pharmacological activity such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-

inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-mycobacterial, antimelanogenesis activities.A series of amino-

biphenyl-3-carbaldehyde (benzylidene aniline) derivatives were synthesized (1-11) and were

evaluated for its antimicrobial potential. All the synthesised compounds showed comparative

antimicrobial properties,however compound 6 (MIC=3.44 x 10-2

µM/ml) and compound 1

(MIC=4.38 x 10-2

µM/ml) were found to be most potent antibacterial and antifungal respectively.

PCHEM-25

QUINOLINE AS ANTIMALARIAL AGENTS: A REVIEW

Ajay Kumar, Manju Sharma*

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, K.U. Kurukshetra

[email protected]

Abstract

Malaria, a life threatening parasitic disease, which mainly thrives in the underdeveloped and

developing countries, is a major issue of research for its eradication.As per WHO report,

approximately 3.3 billion people across the world remain susceptible to this lethal disease.

Quinoline, a basic antimalarial pharmacophore, has been modified to a great extent which has

now led to the development of diverse antimalarial drugs such as mefloquine, primaquine,

ferrocene, amidiaquine etc. The present review comprises of the important aspects of these




August 22, 2014


structural modifications including the study of various series like 4-aminoquinolines, 8-

aminoquinolines, quininylchalcones, pyrimidinylquinolines, bisquinolines, metal based

quinolines, anilinoquinolines and quinolines from nature along with their reported potent

antimalarial agents. This work also presents the future strategies for chemotherapy of malaria,

which may open up a new gateway for further research.

PCHEM-26

PYRAZOLE AND ITS DERIVATIVES OF ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIAL: A REVIEW

Ajay Kumar, Usha Rani*

Institute of Pharmaceutical sciences, Kurukshetra

e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Pyrazole is 5-membered aromatic ring, containing three carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms at

adjacent positions. Studies showed that these compounds have antitumor, antibacterial,

antifungal, antiviral, anti-parasitic, anti-tubercular, anesthetic, anti-diabetic, analgesic and potent

selective activity such as Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor and Cannabinoid CB1 receptor

antagonist activity. Due to wide diversity of pharmacological activity, pyrazole derivatives are of

keen interest for the medicinal chemists. Current study is focused on the pyrazole and

structurally related heterocyclic of anti-diabetic interest. From the literature, pyrazole has been

proved to be a successful candidate possessing anti-diabetic potential by in-vitro and in-vivo

pharmacological models. Current review includes ample study of synthetic procedures along

with the anti-diabetic potential of the pyrazoleanalogs.

PCHEM-27

PYRIDOACRIDINES AS NATURAL ANTICANCER LEAD COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW

Vikas Sharma1*, Vipin Kumar

1,2, PrabodhChander Sharma

1

1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana-136118

2Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of

Rajasthan, Ajmer-305801, Rajasthan.

Abstract Pyridoacridine alkaloids are natural products, isolated from different biological sources like

sponges, ascidians, mollusk, coelenterate etc. The first pyridoacridine i.e.amphimedine, was

reported as a cytotoxic component of the sponge Amphimedon. Since 1983, over 50

pyridoacridines like sampaginine, eilatin, kuanoniamine,ascidideminehave been discovered and

their pharmacological activities have been studied. Almost all pyridoacridines reported are

cytotoxic to mammalian cells in culture. Pyridoacridine from a variety of sources have the ability



August 22, 2014


to display different biological activities viz. anti-viral (e.g. dercitin), fungicidal (e.g. meridine),

anti-protozoaletc. Furthermore, from these natural pyridoacidines; researchers around the world

are synthesizing medicinally active synthetic derivatives; some of them displayed activity better

than well known standard compounds. For example: Kuanoniamine analogues displayed anti-

protozoal activity better than standard compounds i.e. pentamidine, pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine and spiramycin.So, as pyridoacridines and its analogues displaying different

activities therefore they can be considered as “ProspectiveLead compounds” of future.

Structural activity relationship points will further prove their candidature as lead compounds for

different ailments.

PCHEM-28

Synthesis and discovery of novel Dispiro compounds as inhibitors of

acetylcholinesterase.

PankajSaraswat*, Dr. G. Jeyabalan, Gurpreet Singh

New Drug Discovery Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Alwar Pharmacy College,

Alwar 301030, Rajasthan, India


Abstract

In present investigation, a series of spiro-[2.3'']-oxindole-spiro[3.3′]-1′-Ethylphenyl-5′-

(substitutedarylmethylene)-tetrahydro-4′-(1H)-pyridinone-4-arylhexahydro-1H-

pyrrolizineanalogues were synthesized and were evaluated for their inhibitory activities toward

AChE(Acetylcholinesterase) in vitro. Among the synthesized compounds, compound spiro-

[2.3'']-5-nitro-oxindole-spiro[3.3']-1'-Ethylphenyl-5'-(4-piperidine-1-yl-arylidine)-tetrahydro-4'-

(1H)-pyridinone-4-(4-piperidine-phenyl)hexahydro-(1H)-pyrrolizine(C2) produced significant

activities with 0.09 ± 0.2 µmol/L.

PCHEM-29

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pyrimidine Analogues as

Anticonvulsant Agents

Mohd.ZaheenHassana, Mohammad Amir

b, G. Jeyabalan

a, and NarendraNyola

a

aDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Alwar Pharmacy College, Alwar, Rajasthan-301030

bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, New Delhi-110

062, India.

Abstract

Epilepsy is a serious chronic CNS disorder characterized by the periodic and unpredictable

occurrence of seizures arising due to paroxysmal abnormality of brain functions affecting around



August 22, 2014


50 million people globally. Around 30% epileptic patients are pharmacoresistant to the newer

AEDs, therefore the development of novel anticonvulsants with safer therapeutic index will

broaden treatment options for epileptic patients. Pyrimidine nucleus represents a potential moiety

possessing diverse pharmacological properties like antihypertensive, antiviral, anticancer and

anticonvulsants. Recently, some pyrimidine derivatives have also been reported to have good

anticonvulsant activity against the various seizure models. Encouraged by these observations and

in continuation of our ongoing research program on anticonvulsants, herein we report the

synthesis of some new pyrimidine derivatives. The synthesized compounds were found to have

significant anticonvulsant and GABAergic activity without any neurotoxicity. The titled

compounds were also devoid of any CNS depressant effects.

PCHEM-30

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NEWER PYRAZOLINE

ANALOGUE

Veerendra Saini

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Ambabari,

Jaipur, Rajasthan

Abstract:-

Medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry are disciplines at the intersection

of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other

biological specialties, where they are involved with design, chemical synthesis and development

for market of pharmaceutical agents, or bio-active molecules (drugs). The main aim is to design

and synthesize newer Pyrazoline derivatives and evaluate these for Anti- Tubercular activity.

The literature reveals that pyrazolines have also shown a wide range of pharmacological and

biological activities as well as they have been found to possess antiproliferative , antimalarial,

antibacterial and antitubercular activity.Thus, activity profile inspired us to synthesize new

molecular frame work of pyrazoline derivatives with the objective of minimizing the adverse

effects of current drugs. Synthesized intermediate and final molecules will be characterized using

IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. By IR spectral analysis all synthesized molecules will be

characterized to determine the characteristic functional group in the molecule. By 1

H NMR

spectral analysis one of the representative molecule will be characterized to determine the

number & type of hydrogen atoms in the molecule. By Mass spectral analysis molecule will be

characterized to determine peak and molecular fragmentation.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemistry

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_design

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_synthesis

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medication


August 22, 2014


PCHEM-31

DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NEWER PYRAZOLE

ANALOGUE

Kavita choudhary

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharishi Arvind College of Pharmacy, Ambabari,

Jaipur, Rajasthan

Abstract

Medicinal chemistry is the chemistry discipline concerned with the design, development and

synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs. The discipline combines expertise from chemistry and

pharmacology to identify, develop and synthesize chemical agents that have a therapeutic use

and to evaluate the properties of existing drugs. The main aim is to design and synthesize novel

pyrazole analogues and evaluate them for anti-cancer activity. pyrazole and its analogues have

emerged with various biological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant,

antimalarial, anti-mitotic,anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, pyrazole analogues afford us to

synthesize newer pyrazole derivatives with minimal adverse effects of current anti-cancer drugs,

targeting cancerous cells with minimum effect on normal cell lines and to decrease the

development of resistance caused due to anti-cancer agents. Synthesized intermediate and final

molecules will be characterized using IR, 1H NMR and mass spectroscopy. By IR spectral

analysis all synthesized molecules will be characterized to determine the characteristic functional

group in the molecule. By 1

H NMR spectral analysis one of the representative molecule will be

characterized to determine the number & type of hydrogen atoms in the molecule. By Mass

spectral analysis molecule will be characterized to determine peak and molecular fragmentation.


August 22, 2014


PHARMACOGNOSY

ABSTRACTS


August 22, 2014


PCOG-1

STUDIES OF ANXIOLYTIC EFFECTS OF AN AYURVEDIC NANOMEDICINE “AKIK

BHASMA”

Vijender Kumar, Gaurav Gupta*, Sandeep Kumar Goyal, Arun Kaura, V. Gupta

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, BFUHS, Faridkot-151203

Abstract

Anxiety is one of most common CNS related disorders affecting about 450 million people

worldwide. Furthermore, it is difficult to predict which patient will respond to any given

treatment. In the traditional systems of medicine, many formulations have been used to treat

anxiety like disorders for thousands of years. The present study was designed to first time

evaluate the antianxiety effects of the Akik bhasma (50mg/kg and 100mg/kg) and compared with

diazepam (2mg/kg) as standard, further with untreated control group of experimental induced

anxiety in rats. Antianxiety activity was tested using different methods like elevated plus maze

(EPM) and light-dark test (LDT). The result indicate that Akik bhasma 100mg/kg most

significantly (p< 0.01) increase the no. of entry and time in EPM, whereas increase time in light

box in LDT with reference to standard drug. Present research work was concluded that Akik

bhasma have anxiolytic potential.

PCOG-2

EFFECT OF SUCCESSIVE LEAF EXTRACTS OF BASELLA ALBA IN GASTRIC

ULCER

Vijender Kumar, Lovedeep Kumar*, Sandeep Kumar Goyal, Arun Kaura

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, BFUHS, Faridkot-151203

Abstract

Successive leaf extracts of Basella alba var. alba were investigated for antiulcer activity on rats

employing the aspirin induced ulcer and pylorus ligation models. The various biochemical

parameters such as total acidity, free acidity, gastric acid volume, pH, ulcer index, percent

protection and histopathological sections were comparatively examined between control, test and

standard groups (n=6). Predetermined selected bioactive extracts like ethyl acetate extract of

Basella alba (EEBA) and methanol extract of Basella alba (MEBA) were studied in rats. This

study was evaluated with the doses of 1ml/kg of absolute ethanol, 50 mg and 100 mg of each test

extracts of individually and 20 mg/kg of ranitidine for control test and standard groups

respectively. Histopathological and pre-treated with EEBA rats showed most significant (p<0.5)

reduction in gastric mucosal damage as compared to control and MEBA. The results of this study

indicated that Basella alba have antisecretory and gastro protective effect.


August 22, 2014


PCOG-3

MICROWAVE- ASSISTED EXTRACTION: NOVEL TECHNIQUE FOR ISOLATION

AND EXTRACTION OF PHYTOCONSTITUENTS

Dhruv Sabharwal*, Reecha Madaan, Sandeep arora

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab

Abstract

Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) is widely employed in the analysis and extraction of

active compound from plant. MAE offers a rapid delivery of energy to total volume of solvent

and solid plant matrix with the subsequent heating of solvent and solid matrix, efficiently and

homogeneously. The effect of microwave energy is strongly dependent on nature of both solvent

and solid matrix. The main advantage of MAE over the conventional extraction is that it reduces

solvent consumption, it has shorter operational time, it posses moderately high recoveries, has a

good reproducibility and minimal sample manipulation for extraction process. MAE is also

comparable to other modern extraction techniques such as supercritical fluid extraction due to its

process simplicity and low cost. MAE can be practised in two different modes- one is closed

vessel operation that is controlled elevated pressure and temperature, another is open vessel

operation performed at atmospheric pressure, named as pressurized microwave-assisted

extraction (PMAE) and focused microwave-assisted extraction (FMAE) respectively. Solvent

free MAE (SFMAE) has been designed, where the moisture content within the plant matrix itself

serves extraction and no solvent are used. Various modified MAE such as vacuum microwave

assisted extraction (VMAE), nitrogen protected microwave- assisted extraction (NPMAE)

,ultrasonic microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) ,dynamic microwave-assisted extraction

(DMAE) are also employed.

PCOG-4

FLORASOLS/PHYTONIC EXTRACTION: AN ADVANCED TECHNIQUE.

Jaskaran Singh*, Reecha Madaan, Paramdeep singh

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura.

ABSTRACT

The florasols or phytonic extraction is one of the newest extraction method using 1,1,2,2-

tetrafluroethane better known as hydro fluorocarbon- 134a (HFC-134a). It is perhaps one of the

best extraction methods due to the amount of product produced and high purity of the oils

produced by this method. It is much gentler and feasible than CO2 extraction, another advantage

is that it is performed under low temperatures thus prevent degradation of oils.

It is used for extracting an organic component, including fragrant, flavorsome or

pharmacologically active components, from an organic material of natural origin using

tetrafluoroethane in the liquid phase as the solvent. The process essentially includes contacting

the organic material with the tetrafluoroethane in its liquid phase, charging thereby the


August 22, 2014


tetrafluoroethane with the organic component, collecting the mixture thereof, and removing the

tetrafluoroethane there from so as to isolate the organic component.

PCOG-5

SEPERATION AND QUALITATIVE DETERMINATION OF FLAVONOIDS FROM

TETLEY TEA

Andleeb kaur*, Jasmina Kapur, Surya Karan Seth, Vaishali Arora, Paramdeep Singh

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway,

Rajpura– 140401, Patiala, Punjab, India.

E. Mail: [email protected],

Abstract

Tetley is one of the biggest-selling tea brands in the western world. It is biggest-selling brand in

Canada and the second biggest-selling in the United Kingdom and the United States. The

company claims the presence of antioxidants and flavonoids in tea. The present study aims to

develop a novel technique for separation of flavonoids and check the presence of flavonoids

qualitatively using various chemical tests, including thin layer chromatography (TLC) in Tetley

tea. Firstly, methanolic extract of the tea was prepared using soxhlet apparatus and then

concentrated extract was consecutively extracted with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethyl

acetate. Alkali test, ferric chloride test, lead acetate test, zinc hydrochloric acid reduction test,

shinoda test and thin layer chromatography were employed in the study which showed the

presence of flavonoids in ethyl acetate fraction. The present study suggested above mentioned

separating procedure and ethyl acetate fraction for the separation of flavonoids and confirms the

presence of flavonoids in Tetley tea. More research is needed to confirm proclaimed claims by

various food and beverage industries for their products.

PCOG-6

MAHANIMBIN: ANTIANXIETY AND ANTIDEPRESSANT CONSTITUENT OF

MURRAYA KOENIGII L. LEAVES

Jyoti Dahiya, Jitender Singh, Sonali Batra* and Anupam Sharma

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014

Abstract

Previous studies have revealed significant antianxiety and antidepressant activities of

hydroalcoholic extract of M. koenigii leaves at 500 mg/kg. Present study was undertaken to

isolate antianxiety and antidepressant constituent of M. koenigii leaves. The ethyl acetate fraction

exhibited significant anxiolytic and antidepressant activities at the dose of 125 mg/kg, p.o. using

elevated plus-maze and Porsolt‟s despair swim test respectively. Column chromatography of

bioactive ethyl acetate fraction yielded 5 sub-fractions (F1-F5). F2 showed significant antianxiety



August 22, 2014


and antidepressant activities at the dose of 3 mg/kg p.o. The activities were comparable to the

standard drugs diazepam (2 mg/kg) and imipramine (10 mg/kg). A compound was separated

from the F2 fraction, and structure was elucidated by IR and NMR analysis. The compound was

characterized as Mahanimbin. The content of Mahanimbin was estimated in M. koenigii leaves

by a validated TLC densitometric method, and found to be 0.104% w/w.

Keywords: Murraya koenigii, antianxiety, antidepressant, Mahanimbin.

PCOG-7

COMPARATIVE ANTIANXIETY EVALUATION OF ARGYREIA SPECIOSA LINN.

(ROOTS), CAESALPINIA DIGYNA ROTTLER (ROOTS) AND SPHAERANTHUS

INDICUS LINN. (FLOWERS)

Jitender Singh*, Ashwani Kumar, Anupam Sharma

University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014

ABSTRACT

Aim of the present study was to evaluate the antianxiety activity of various extracts (petroleum

ether, chloroform, ethanol and water) of three traditionally used plants viz. Argyreia speciosa

(roots), Caesalpinia digyna (roots) and Sphaeranthus indicus (flowers). All biological studies

were conducted on laca mice, and the test materials were administered per oral route. Acute oral

toxicity studies were conducted using OECD guidelines 423. Results indicate that all the extracts

were safe upto 2000 mg/kg. The present study revealed that out of all the 12 extracts, ethanol

extract of C. digyna showed maximum anxiolytic effect at 400 mg/kg on elevated plus-maze, and

the results were comparable to the standard anxiolytic drug diazepam (2 mg/kg). Phytochemical

investigation of the most active extract, i.e., ethanol extract of C. digyna roots revealed the

presence of phenols, phytosterols, terpenoids, tannins, amino acids and carbohydrates.

PCOG-8

IONIC LIQUIDS BASED MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION- THE FUTURE OF

HERBAL EXTRACTION

Meenu Bhan*, Munish Garg

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001

Abstract Ionic liquids are room temperature or near room temperature liquids composed entirely of ions.

They have unique physical properties like low melting point, negligible vapour pressure,

excellent thermal stability, high conductivity, reusability and are ecofriendly in nature. These are

also called as green solvents because they are the source of green extraction as they do not

evaporate volatile organic compounds (VOC) which are hazardous in nature. Ionic liquids when

coupled with recent extraction techniques, especially Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE)


August 22, 2014


technique gives much better results with high percentage yield as reviewed from the literature.

This is due to the best absorbing capacity of microwaves by the ionic liquids and the structural

changes occurred in cell wall of the herbal drugs. Present work explains the significance and

future prospects of this novel extraction technique.

PCOG-9

MEDICINAL POTENTIAL OF THUJA ORIENTALIS (LINN.) FRANCHO

Preeti bansal and Sumitra singh


Technology, Hisar-125001, Haryana, India

Abstract Thuja orientalis (Arbor Vitae means “tree of life”, Family- Cupressaceae) also known as

“morpankh” in Hindi. It is an evergreen, graceful and highly aromatic narrow pyramidal tree or

shrub that is widely cultivated in gardens of temperate and semi-temperate areas. It is used in

various forms of traditional medicines. Traditionally plant has been used internally in the

treatment of coughs, haemorrhages, excessive menstruation, delayed menstruation bronchitis,

asthma, skin infections, mumps, bacterial dysentery, arthritic pains and premature blandness,

enuresis, cystitis, psoriasis and uterine carcinomas. In Chinese system of medicine the plant is

used as anticancer, anti-haemorrhagic, tonic, dysentry, hair loss, expectorant, antitussive,

insomnia and for gout treatment. The plant is rich in pharmacologically active phytoconstituents

such as flavonoids, tannin, essential oils, lignans, phlobaphenes, bisnorlabdane and

trisnorlabdane type mono and diterpenoids etc. Essential oil in the plant is a complex blend of

sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (cuparenes), alcohols (cedrol, widrol, cuparenols), monoterpenic

acid and ketones. This plant oil has tremendous pharmacological activites such as antibacterial,

antifungal, antiviral, larvicidal and nematicidal activity against different pests. The reported

biological property are antiphlogistic and antiallergic, platelet activating factor inhibition,

antielastase activities and anticancer. Thuja orientalis ointment preparations can be efficiently

used against microbial/worm infection. This plant has a lot of medicinal potential and has a

incredible future for research and formulation development.

PCOG-10

A Medicinal Mushroom Phellinus – An Overview

Uzma Azeem*1, Gurpaul Singh Dhingra

1 and Richa Shri

2

1Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala,

2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala-

147002.

Presenting author*: [email protected]

Abstract



August 22, 2014


The genus Phellinus was established by Quélet in 1886 with the type species Phellinus igniarius.

It is one of the largest basidiomycete genus belonging to family Hymenochaetaceae, order

Hymenochaetales class Agaricomycetes, sub-phylum Agaricomycotina and phylum

Basidiomycotina. The genus is characterized by resupinate to pileate, single or imbricate

basidiocarp, brownish hymenial surface with isodiametric pores; yellowish, rusty brown, grey to

black tomentose, hispid, glabrous or deeply cracked abhymenial surface; dimitic hyphal system

with simple septate generative hypahae and thck – walled skeletal hyphae; presence of or rarely

absence of setae, four spored basidia and globose to cylindrical, smooth hyaline to rusty brown,

thin to thick walled, dextrinoid to inamyloid basidiospores. According to the work of Kirk et al.,

2008, there are 180 species of Phellinus known worldwide. The studies done by various workers

from time to time in India 86 species of Phellinus have been reported so far. These days various

species of Phellinus have been receiving a great attention because of their effective role on a

diversity of diseases. Most of the species are lignicolous causing white rot. Various Phellinus

species have been recognised as therapeutic agents in traditional Chinese medicine and have

been used traditionally for the treatment of stomachaches, inflammation, arithritis,

hepatoprotective, enhancing detoxification, combating allergy and diabetes, improving blood

circulation, gastroenteric disorders, tumors and lymphatic disorders. Many species of Phellinus

have been investigated for their chemical constituents and therapeutic activities. Some species of

Phellinus are found to exhibit antitumor, antioxidant, antiarithritic, antidiabetic and antimicrobial

activities. All these effects of Phellinus species are attributed to various bioactive constituents

isolated from them such as polysaccharides, hispidin, β-glucans, Pyrano[4,3c][2]benzopyram-

1,6-dione derivative, phelligridime and proteoglycans. However, the genus needs much scientific

work to explore its therapeutic and medicinal uses so that the fungus can be used in food and

drug formulations.

PCOG-11

MALTOL: THE ANALGESIC CONSTITUENT OF ABIES PINDROW ROYLE

Deepak Kumar*, Suresh Kumar

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala-147002,

Punjab, India

ABSTRACT

Abies pindrow Royle (Himalayan Silver Fir; family – Pinaceae) has been traditionally used as

analgesic, anxiolytic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory drug. Despite a long tradition of use, the

plant has not been systematically evaluated for analgesic activity. Thus, it was planned to isolate

analgesic constituent(s) from A. pindrow aerial parts using bioactivity-guided fractionation.

Properly identified A. pindrow aerial parts were successively extracted using solvents in

increasing order of polarity viz., petroleum ether (60-80ºC), chloroform, methanol and water. All

extracts were evaluated for analgesic activity at the doses of 200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o. in mice

using tail immersion test. The efficacy of A. pindrow was statistically compared with the

standard analgesic drug, morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.). Among various extract of A. pindrow aerial

parts, only chloroform extract exhibited significant analgesic activity equivalent to the standard


August 22, 2014


drug. Column chromatography of chloroform extract yielded six fractions (F1-F6). F2 and F3 were

found to possess significant analgesic activity. Column chromatography of F2 and F3 led to

isolation of two constituents (DS-1 and DS-2). Further, DS-1 exhibited significant analgesic

activity, and its structure was elucidated as maltol. Traditional claims of A. pindrow aerial parts

for analgesic activity are validated, and the activity is attributed to maltol, which was isolated

from plant following bioactivity-guided fractionation. It is concluded that maltol is responsible

for analgesic effects of this traditionally used plant.

PCOG-12

PHARMACOGNOSTIC INVESTIGATIONS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL

EVALUATION OF ALSTONIA SCHOLARIS R. BR. LEAVES IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN

Hasandeep Singh* and Balbir Singh

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005 Punjab

email- [email protected]

Abstract

Authentication of plant material is prerequisite before using it as research material. Therefore it

was planned to establish pharmacognostic standards. A. scholaris was subjected to macroscopic

and microscopic studies. The color of leaf is green and the leaf blade is elliptic-lanceolate or

elliptic-obovate. Lateral veins are about 25-40 on each side of the midrib. Intramarginal vein is

close to the edge of the leaf blade. The size of leaf was measured about 11 to 23 cm long and 4 to

7.5 cm wide. The leaves in powdered form exhibits pale green color. It is odorless and taste is

slightly bitter. Thin transverse section of leaf reveals the presence of epidermal layer. Below the

upper epidermial layer, compactly arranged round spongy parenchymatous cells were observed.

Powder microscopy showed the presence of fibers, glandular trichomes, cork cells. The

physicochemical parameters like ash values, loss on drying and fluorescence analysis were also

determined following WHO guidelines and their results were noted. The soxhlet extraction of

powdered leaves was carried out for preparation of various extracts with the solvents in

increasing order of polarity viz pet ether, chloroform, methanol and water.Phytochemical study

shows the presence of steroids, triterpenoids and lipids in petroleum ether extract and alkaloids,

carbohydrates and glycosides in chloroform extract. Methanol extract gave positive tests for

saponins, carbohydrates, glycosides, flavonoids and triterpenoids while aqueous extract shows

the presence of saponins, flavonoids and carbohydrates. Chronic constriction injury (CCI)

resulted in the significant development of mechanical hyperalgesia, heat hyperalgesia and cold

allodynia indicating the induction of painful peripheral neuropathy. CCI induced neuropathy was

associated with significant inflammation as assessed by marked increase in MPO and TNF- α

levels and also rise in calcium levels and oxidative stress (decrease in GSH and increase in

TBARS). The activity of chloroform and methanol extracts was evaluated in CCI model of

neuropathic pain. Both the extracts were evaluated at the two dose levels i.e.

100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, orally for 14 days. Methanol extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg oral

showed higher protection against decrease in nociceptive threshold and rise in oxidative stress

markers (decreased GSH levels and increased TBARS levels), rise in calcium levels and also rise



August 22, 2014


in inflammatory markers MPO and TNF-α levels. So, it is concluded that A. scholaris possesses

significant anti nociceptive activity and protection against oxidative stress and inflammatory

markers.

PCOG-13

STABILITY STUDIES ON CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACTS

Ishtdeep Kaur,* Nancy and Gulshan Bansal*

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala –

147002, India.

Abstract

Herbal plants have been widely used in the treatment of varied disorders of central nervous

system and autonomic nervous system throughout the world. The lead molecules in these

medicinal plants exert their effects on the nervous system in a mild and safer way, without

causing any physical or psychological dependence, unlike chemically synthesized medicines.

However, the herbal raw material is prone to lot of variation due to several factors such as

identity of plant and seasonal variation at the time of collection, the ecotypic, genotypic and

chemotypic variations, drying and storage conditions and the presence of xenobiotics which

greatly affects the quality, safety and efficacy (QSE) of the herbal preparation. Drugs Regulatory

Agencies like WHO, ICH and EMEA have laid down various guidelines for estabilishing

quality, safety and efficacy of herbal products through stability studies. The present study reveals

the systematic stability testing done on different types of dried extracts (with and without

preservative) of Centella asiatica, a CNS active herb. The dried extracts of Centella asiatica

were studied for comparison of physical, chemical and pharmacological activities under long

term stability conditions (30±2°C/65±5%RH) and accelerated stability conditions

(40±2⁰C/75±5%RH) as per ICH guidelines. A HPLC-UV method for quantitative determinations

of markers compounds as well as for generating chromatographic fingerprint was developed and

validated. Each stability sample was also evaluated for therapeutic activities like free radical

scavenging activity and anticholinestrase activity using in-vitro methods.

PCOG-14

FRUIT PEELS AS POTENTIAL ANTICANCER AGENTS

Kusum Lata*, Vandana Garg, Munish Garg

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak


ABSTRACT

Fruits are widely consumed and considered to have various health benefits and generally their

peels are discarded as waste materials. But some recent studies have proved that fruit peels



August 22, 2014


contain many bioactive components concentrated in them which are very beneficial and have

medicinal properties. The present research compares the anticancer potential of five methanolic

fruit peel extracts (banana, guava, lemon, orange and papaya) on HepG2 cell lines by MTT ([3-

[4,5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]) assay. The results showed that

among these fruit extracts, papaya peel extract is most potent anticancer agent with IC50 value of

18.5µg/ml.

PCOG-15

PHARMACOGNOSTIC AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY SCREENING STUDIES OF

ADVENTITIOUS ROOTS OF FICUS RELIGIOSA LINN

Mamta Wadhawan, Lavi Rajput* and Balbir Singh



Abstract

Authentication of plant material is prerequisite before using it as research material. Therefore it

was planned to establish pharmacognostic standards. Ficus religiosa was subjected to

macroscopic and microscopic studies. The adventitious roots were dark brown in colour,

aromatic in odour and tasteless. Roots were long and slender. Thin transverse section of

adventitious roots revealed the presence of epiblema, endodermis and epidermis. Differentiation

of protoxylem, metaxylem and pith was clearly noticed. Powder microscopy showed the

presence of thick walled cork cells, cells with brownish content, starch grains, rhomboidal

calcium oxalate crystals and fibres. The soxhlet extraction of powdered adventitious roots was

carried out for preparation of various extracts with the solvents in increasing order of polarity viz.

petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water. The phytochemical screening of extracts

revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phytosterols and terpenoids in chloroform

extract. Methanol extract gave positive tests for terpenoids, phenolic compounds, phytosterols,

glycosides, alkaloids, saponins and carbohydrates. Aqueous extract gave positive results for

carbohydrates, proteins, glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds while flavanoids were found

only in methanol extract. Petroleum ether extract was reported to contain phytosterols and

terpenoids. The analgesic properties were studied using central models i.e. hot plate model and

tail flick model and peripheral model i.e. acetic acid induced writhing model. All the extracts

were evaluated at the two dose levels i.e. 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. The methanol extract at the

dose of 200 mg/kg showed significant analgesic effect in mice in comparison to control and

standard. On the basis of the significant analgesic effect of methanol extract, it was further

subjected to column chromatography using hexane and hexane:chloroform as eluents. At the

10% polarity of the column, the compound MA-6 was isolated. Compound MA-6 had been

characterized with the help of 1H NMR. The compound obtained was

a pentacyclic triterpenoid (tetrahydro-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)6(icosahydro-

3a,5a,5b,8,8,11a hexamethyl-1-(prop-1-en-2yl) 1H cyclopenta[a]chrysen-9-yloxy)-2H-pyran-3-

yl benzoate) So, it is concluded that adventitious roots of F. religiosa possesses significant

analgesic activity which may be due to the presence of triterpenoids.



August 22, 2014


PCOG-16

EVALUATION OF ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY OF CALOTROPIS GIGANTEA L.

ROOTS

Nittya K. Dogra*, Deepak Kumar, Suresh Kumar


Punjab, India

ABSTRACT

The present study was planned to investigate Calotropis gigantea (L.) Dryand roots (Milkweed;

family – Asclepiadaceae) for antianxiety activity studies with a view to validate its traditional

claims. Properly identified powdered plant material was extracted successively using solvents in

increasing order of polarity viz., petroleum ether (60-80ºC), chloroform, methanol and water. All

the crude extracts were evaluated for antianxiety activity using elevated plus maze model at the

dose levels of 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o. The bioactive extract was partitioned successively

using solvents in increasing order of polarity viz., n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. All

fractions were also subjected to antianxiety activity at the doses of 25 or 50 mg/kg, p.o. Amongst

various extracts, only methanol extract exhibited significant antianxiety activity with respect to

control at the dose of 200 mg/kg. A slight decrease in anxiolytic activity at higher dose (400

mg/kg) of methanol extract was observed. This observation suggests mild sedative activity at

higher dose of methanol extract. Amongst various fractions, only ethyl acetate fraction exhibited

significant antianxiety activity at the dose of 50 mg/kg with respect to control and equivalent to

the standard drug, diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Preliminary phytochemical screening of methanol

extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed presence of flavonoids as major class of

phytoconstituents. As flavonoids play a pivotal role in treating brain disorders, it is suggested

that these constituents may be responsible for antianxiety activity. It is finally concluded that the

present studies scientifically validated traditional claims of C. gigantea for antianxiety activity.

PCOG-17

ANTIANXIETY ACTIVITY INVESTIGATIONS ON A. PINDROW ROYLE AERIAL

PARTS

Priyanka Mittal*, Deepak Kumar, Suresh Kumar


Punjab, India

ABSTRACT

Abies pindrow Royle (Himalayan Silver Fir; family – Pinaceae) has been traditionally used for

the treatment for anxiety but the plant has not been systematically investigated to validate its

traditional claims. Thus, it was planned to investigate antianxiety activity of various extracts and

fractions of A. pindrow aerial parts using elevated plus maze model (EPM). Properly identified

A. pindrow aerial parts were successively and exhaustively extracted using solvents in increasing


August 22, 2014


order of polarity viz., petroleum ether (60-80ºC), chloroform, methanol and water. Various crude

extracts were subjected to antianxiety activity at the doses of 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg, p.o. in

mice. The efficacy of A. pindrow was statistically compared with the standard anxiolytic drug,

diazepam (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Amongst various extracts, chloroform and methanol extract exhibited

significant antianxiety activity with respect to control and equivalent to the standard drug at the

dose level of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The methanol extract was partitioned

successively using solvents in increasing order of polarity viz., n-hexane, ethyl acetate and n-

butanol. All fractions were also subjected to antianxiety activity at the doses of 25 or 50 mg/kg,

p.o. in mice. Only ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) exhibited significant antianxiety activity

equivalent to the standard drug at the dose 50 mg/kg. The present studies scientifically validated

traditional claims of A. pindrow for antianxiety activity. Further, authors are involved in isolating

anxiolytic constituent(s) from bioactive extract / fraction of A. pindrow following antianxiety

activity-guided fractionation.

PCOG-18

COMPARATIVE ANTI-ANXIETY EVALUATION OF TWO OCIMUM SPECIES

Ravinder Kaur*1, Hemlata Verma

1, Nidhi Aggarwal

1, Richa Shri

1

1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research

Punjabi University, Patiala-147002


Abstract

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders above and beyond depressive

disorders with approximately one-eighth of the world population affected at some point in their

life. In a modern society, these disorders have relatively high prevalence affecting between 10

and 30% of the general population with considerable financial resources. Excessive anxiety can

hamper and damage the quality of life. Benzodiazepines, GABAA receptor agonist, buspirone, 5-

HT1A receptor agonist, are the clinical therapies chiefly prescribed as foremost medication. All

drug classes currently used are associated with side effects that vary in occurrence and severity.

This consideration implicates the search for new anxiolytic compounds that have a fast onset of

action present with less side effects and a wider safety margin. About 43% of anxiety sufferers

use complementary therapy among which herbal treatment is the most popular one. In this

context two species of Ocimum namely O. kilimandscharicum Guerke and O. gratissimum were

evaluated for anxiolytic effect using Elevated Plus maze model. Extracts were prepared for both

the plants using successive solvent extraction. Results showed that aqueous extract of

O.gratissimum was most active at 100mg/kg whereas for O. kilimandscharicum Guerke

methanol extract was most active at same dose. Further studies are under consideration for

identification of phytoconstituents responsible for anti-anxiety effect.


August 22, 2014


PCOG-19

BIOACTIVITY DIRECTED ISOLATION OF ANTIANXIETY CONSTITUENT OF

PINUS ROXBURGHII SARG.

Neelam Kumari, Shivani Thakur* and Balbir Singh


email- [email protected]

Abstract

Objectives: The present study was undertaken with an objective to isolate anxiolytic constituent.

Materials and methods: Various crude extracts of the dried bark were prepared using petroleum

ether, chloroform, methanol and water. The methanol extract was evaluated for antianxiety

activity in mice using elevated plus maze (EPM apparatus) at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg

and further it was loaded onto a column packed with silica, and eluted with chloroform,

chloroform-ethylacetate as the mobile phases.

Results: Phytochemical screening of the methanol extract revealed the presence of alkaloids,

glycosides, saponins, tannins and flavonoids. A total of 210 fractions, each of 250 ml were

collected and distilled to 5-6 ml, were pooled based on similar thin layer chromatograms and

obtained 6 fractions (F1-F6). The maximum bioactive fraction F5 (40 mg/kg), when subjected to

qualitative phytochemical screening, tested positive only for flavonoids. TLC of F5 using mobile

phase toluene:ethylacetate:formic acid::6:2:1 showed two spots. Repeated preparative thin layer

chromatography of F5 using the solvent system toluene:ethylacetate:formic acid::6:2:1, yielded

two pure isolates NK1 and NK2.These were evaluated for antianxiety activity at doses 10 and 20

mg/kg, NK1 exhibited antianxiety activity in EPM assay, light/dark chamber and double mirrored

chamber model of anxiety at 20 mg/kg, which was further characterized by spectroscopic

techniques as 2-(3,4-Dihydroxy-phenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-

pyran-2-yloxy)-chromen-4-one, (Quercetrin) and responsible for antianxiety activity of P.

roxburghii.

PCOG-20

EVALUATION OF ANTI-ANXIETY AND ANTI-EPILEPTIC ACTIVITIES OF

GREWIA ASIATICA LEAVES

Shabnampreet Kaur, Harpreet Kaur* and Sarabjit Kaur


Abstract

The present study was an endeavor to evaluate anti-anxiety and anti-epileptic activity of ethyl

acetate and methanolic fraction of Grewia asiatica leaves. The shade dried leaves were coarsely

powdered and subjected to methanolic fraction and ethylacetate fraction by using column. Two

doses 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of methanolic and ethylacetate fraction of Grewia asiatica

leaves were used to evaluate anti-epileptic activity. Anti-epileptic activity was evaluated in rats



August 22, 2014


by using maximal electro-shock model and anti-anxiety activity was evaluated using elevated

plus maze model,light and dark model and mirror chambered model. In anxiety model the

standard drug used as diazepam 2 mg/kg. Grewia asiatica leaves fraction significantly decrease

epilepsy and anxiety in all models.

PCOG-21

NATURAL IMMUNE MODULATORS

Shanti devi*, Priya sharma


[email protected]

Abstract

The immune system is said to be a necessary evil as on one hand it protects our body against a

variety of diseases when acting normally, while on the other hand it can create havoc if it gets

distorted from its normal functions. This review is an attempt to highlight the various plants and

their phytoconstituents possessing immunomodulatory activity (in-vitro & in-vivo). Literature

claims that traditional systems of medicine have ample examples of plants possessing

immunomodulatory activity and both immunostimulants and immunosuppressants can be

obtained from natural sources as evident by in-vitro and in-vivo models. Further, various plant

constituents like polysaccharides, tannins, flavonoids etc have been pharmacologically proved to

be potential for immunomodulation. Most five powerful natural immune modulators are :

Magnesium, Vitamin D3, Curcumin, Blackseed oil, Oleander Extract. We conclude that the

various plants and their phytoconstituents can be considered as a valuable source of unique

natural products for development of medicines for immunomodulation. These plants based

products can be incorporated in the main streamline of medicinal treatments. In addition, these

products have always proved to be advantageous over their synthetic counterparts thus the future

of plant derived immunomodulators seems to be very bright.

PCOG-22

EFFECT OF ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF ADIANTUM CAPILLUS-VENERIS ON

COLD IMMOBILIZATION STRESS INDUCED LIPID PEROXIDATION IN RATS

Nitin Verma

Dean, School of Pharmacy and Emerging Science, Baddi University of Emerging Science and

Technology, Makhunmajara, Baddi Distt. Solan, H. P. 173205, India.

[email protected]

Abstract:

Global search is on, for the development of an effective antistress drug from natural source

which could effectively tone up the disturbed physiological functioning of the subjects affected




August 22, 2014


by stress problem. Many marketed formulations claim to possess antistress action, but still many

herbs which have claims to be general tonics need to be investigated and their claims be

authenticated. In recent era there is great thrust on screening of herbs for their antistress activity.

Adiantum capillus-veneris belonging to the Adiantaceae family is one of the most common and

widely distributed species and is commonly known as Hansraj. Adiantum species have been used

in traditional Chinese medicine to cure human and animal diseases and a rich source of

triterpenes with various structural skeletons. Flavonoids, phenyl propanoids and sterols have

been isolated from the genus Adiantum. These compounds have been reported to show various

bioactivities, such as analgesic, antinociceptive, anti-implantation, and antimicrobial activities.

Ethanolic extract of the Adiantum capillus-veneris was studied on cold immobilization induced

lipid peroxidation in albino rats. Administration of its extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg b. w.

significantly inhibited cold immobilization stress induced increases in lipid peroxidation in the

liver and brain of albino rat. The results of the present investigations suggest the potential use of

the plant for decreasing anxiety and stress in many emotional and physical disorders.

PCOG-24

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FRUIT PEEL OF

CITRUS LIMETTA VAR.MITHA

A. Pandurangan, Amandeep Kaur, Diksha Sharma*

M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India-133207

Abstract

Citrus limetta is a species of citrus, commonly known as sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet

limetta. The present paper aims to evaluate antioxidant activity of hydroethanolic extract of

Citrus limetta fruit peel. The genus citrus (Rutaceae) comprises of trees, shrubs and herbs of

various sizes and uses. They are the most widespread arboreal plants in the world and represent

one of the most important crops. Citrus fruits belong to six genera (Fortunella, Eremocitrus,

Clymendia, Poncirus, Microcitrus and Citrus), which are native to the tropical and subtropical

regions of Asia, but the major commercial fruits belong to genus Citrus. The genus citrus is

represented by 10 species in Pakistan. Citrus limetta var. Mitha (sweet lime) is one of them. It is

popular indigenous citrus fruit relished for its cooling and therapeutic effects and also as a

culinary delight in some parts of the subcontinent. In the traditional indigenous medicinal

system, sweet lime juice is valued for curing fever, malaria and jaundice. The antioxidant

activities of the hydroethanolic extracts have been evaluated by using different in vitro assays

and the results were compared with the standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene

(BHT), ascorbic acid, curcumin, quercetin, etc. The overall results of this study indicates that the

extract from stems have potential free radical scavenging activity for treatment of diseases.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus


August 22, 2014


PCOG-25

HYPOLIPIDEMIC, HYPOGLYCEMIC AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF

JASMINUM GRANDIFLORUM ETHANOLIC LEAVES EXTRACT IN

STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED- EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES

Akash Jain1*

, Jasmine1 , Vipin Saini

1 and Sunil Sharma

2

1 M. M. College of Pharmacy, M.M.University, Mullana-Ambala, Haryana-133207, India

2 Department of Pharmaceutical Science, G. J. University, Hissar, Haryana-125001, India

[email protected]

Abstract

Jasminum grandiflorum is scrambling sub erect twining evergreen shrub, native to India, France,

Italy, China, Japan, Morocco and Egypt belonging to family oleaceae, used for ulcerative

stomatitis, leprosy, skin diseases, ottorhoea, otalgia, strangury, dysmenorrhoea, ulcers etc. The

present study was designed to evaluate the hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant

potential of Jasminum grandiflorum leaves extract in streptozotocin induced-diabetic rats.

Experimental hyperglycemia was produced in rats by single dose of Streptozotocin (55 mg/kg

i.p.). Treatment with Jasminum grandiflorum ethanolic extract normalizes the altered lipid

profile and significantly improves the elevated glucose level, glycosylated hemoglobin and

antioxidant parameters (Malondialdehyde and Glutathione level) in dose dependent manner.

Moreover, extract has also shown significant blood glucose lowering effect in oral glucose

tolerance test (OGTT).

Keywords Jasminum grandiflorum, Hyperglycemia, Diabetes, Antioxidant, Hypolipidemia

PCOG-26

SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION

Kusum Kaushik* , Priya Sharma

LR Institute of Pharmacy, Solan

email:[email protected]

Abstract

Extraction involves the separation of medicinally active components from the crude samples.

The principle methods of extraction are maceration, percolation, digestion, infusion and

decoction. Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is the process of separating one component (the

extractant) from another (the matrix) using supercritical fluids. Supercritical fluid extraction is

the most effective and efficient way to extract valuable chemical constituents. Supercritical

fluids have unique property which differentiates it from the conventional solvents that it exists in

a fluid phase and processes characteristics between those of gases and liquids at a temperature

and pressure above its critical point. A supercritical fluid can be separated from analyte by

simply releasing pressure, leaving almost no trace and yields a pure residue. Commonly used

supercritical fluids include supercritical carbon dioxide, water and ethanol. It utilizes non-toxic,




August 22, 2014


inexpensive solvents. CO2 is the king of extraction solvents for botanicals. Extraction conditions

for supercritical CO2 are above the critical temperature of 31°C and critical pressure of 74 bar. It

is a fast process completed in 10 to 60 minutes. Due to its low critical temperature 31°C, CO2 is

known to be perfectly adapted in food, aromas, essential oils and nutraceutical industries. It can

diffuse through solids like a gas, and dissolve materials like a liquid. Supercritical fluids are

suitable as a substitute for organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes.

PCOG-27

VALUE OF DIGITALIS IN HEART FAILURE

Manmohan Chauhan*, Dr. D.S. Rathore, Priya Sharma


[email protected]

Abstract

Digitalis is a drug containing cardiac glycoside and is obtained from the dried leaves of Digitalis

purpurea family Scrophulriaceae. Digitalis is reported by another name i.e. Foxglove leaves. It is

cultivated in England, Europe , United States and in India. Digitalis purpurea was used in the

18th century and it was considered as a blessing for people suffering from dropsy and in an

attempt to cure illness such as asthma and epilepsy. It requires acidic, sandy soil with traces of

manganese and the temperature needed is 20-30ºC. Digitalis seeds are sown in nursery beds and

young seedlings are transplanted into the soil. The activity of leaves is due to glycosides.

Digitalis leaves are dark greyish green and slight odour and bitter taste. Digitalis contains

primary glycosides like purpurea A and purpurea B and secondary glycosides. Digitalis

glycosides have five membered ring are C23 glycosides called as cardenolides and these are

identified with the help of legal test. Digitalis is used in congestive heart failure, asthma and

epilepsy. It shows various side-effects like irregular heart function, stomach upset and small eye

pupil. the allied drugs of Digitalis are D.lanata, D. lutea and D. thapsi and its adulterants are

mullelin leaves[Verbascum thapus] and comfrey leaves [Syphytum officinale]. The poster will

include the toxicity profile, dozing and drug interaction profile.

PCOG-28

MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION – A NOVEL PROMISING TECHNIQUE

FOR EXTRACTION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS

Shivani Dhiman, Sunil Kumar, Vineet Mittal

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MDU, Rohtak-124001

Abstract Microwave energy is a non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation having frequency 0.3-300 GHz.

Microwaves penetrate biomaterials and interact with polar molecules such as water in the


August 22, 2014


biomaterials to create heat. The microwave heating leads to the expansion and ruptures of cell

walls and is followed by the liberation of chemicals into the solvent. As MAE depends on the

dielectric susceptibility of solvent and matrix, polar solvents like water and alcohol may give

efficient extraction. In common practice binary mixture of hexane and acetone is used, in which

one solvent will absorb the microwave energy. MAE has a number of advantages like shorter

extraction time, less solvent consumption, higher extraction rate and lower cost as compare to

conventional extraction methods. The use of MAE in natural products extraction started in the

late 1980s, and through the technological developments, it has now become one of the popular

and cost-effective extraction method for the herbs.

PCOG-29

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE DRUG :-PANAX GINSENG

Navneet Sharma* , Priya Sharma

LR Institute of Pharmacy, Solan


Abstract

P.ginseng, P.japonica, P.notoginseng, P.quinquefolium belonging to family Araliaceae. It is also

known by the other names like ninjin, pannag, panax. It grow widely in Korea, China and Russia

and has been used as a herbal remedy in eastern asia for thousands of the years. The propagation

of ginseng is done by means of seeds. The seeds are sown in nursery beds. There are three types

of nursery beds i.e. Yang-jik, To-jik and Ban-yang-jik. Ginseng roots are tuberous corpulent and

are yellowish-brown, white or red. Ginseng is the mixture of the several saponin glycosides. The

main active component of Panax ginseng are ginsenosides, panaxosides. Ginseng is used to

increase stamina, for better performance, better focus, as a stimulant and sedative. Ginseng has

been used for the treatment of various cancers like breast, liver, lung and skin cancer. Various

side effects of the ginseng are to be reported like insomnia , increase heart rate, increase or

decreased blood pressure, headache, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, itching, rashes, mood change.

According to the American dosing for reducing the blood sugar after a meal in people with type

2 diabetes: 3 gram up to 2 hrs before a meal orally : for treating type 2 diabetes : 200 mg daily.

For erectile dysfunction : Panax ginseng upto 900 mg three times a day. The poster will also

include the marketed formulation, dosing and toxic effects of the drug.


August 22, 2014


PCOG-30

INCORPORATING HERBAL MEDICINE INTO CLINICAL PRACTICE

Supriya Verma*, Dr. DS Rathore, Priya Sharma


E Mail: [email protected]

Abstract Herbal medicine has been used worldwide throughout history. The World Health Organization

estimated that perhaps 80% of the worlds people relied on herbs for their primary healthcare

needs. Due to such an extensive use of herbal drugs throughout the world there is a need to

incorporate herbal medicine into clinical practice. There are various systems of medicine which

rely on herbs as their basic chemical entity for example ayurveda, Chinese system of medicine,

unani and siddha system of medicine. Some countries consider drugs from herbal origin as drugs

while other consider them as dietry supplements and therefore they are regulated accordingly. In

India herbal medicines are regulated just like other conventional drugs and the department of

AYUSH (Ayurveda Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy) gives these

regulations. The toxicity and efficacy of herbal medicines needs to be studied intensively and

more research has to be done in this field. Further to be discussed are the various interactions of

herbs their safety and efficacy profile. Herbalism is the use of plants for medicinal purposes and

the study of such use. To maximize the use of natural drugs their must be an International co

ordination and hamonization on the regulatory requirnments.when this harmonization would

actually be acchieved botanicals would be explored more and it will boost there usage globally.

PCOG-31

MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION

Shalini Kanwar* Dr. DS Rathore, Priya Sharma



Abstract

Extraction is the process of removal of active chemical constituents from solid or liquid mixture

with a liquid solvent. Microwave is defined as the portion of the electromagnetic speed spectrum

that is situated between radio waves and infrared radiations. Its frequency ranges from 300MHz

to 300GHz. They are the principle carriers of television and telephone signals. Microwaves are

absorbed by water in foodstuffs. Materials such as glass and ceramics do not absorb microwaves

and instead, they metals reflect them. Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) is the process of

heating solvents in contact with a sample with microwave energy to partition compounds of

analytical interest from sample matrix into the solvent. It has certain advantages over other

conventional techniques such as it has shorter extraction time, allows to reduce solvent

consumption with shorter cooling time. MAE has been shown to be cost effective when

compared to other extraction methods. MAE has a wide range of applications in the extraction of



August 22, 2014


phytoconstituents such as the extraction of polyphenols from Green tea, Embelin from Embelia

ribes, Cocain from coca leaves and glycerrhizic acid from Liquorice. Hence the development of

new extraction techniques will give rise to the discovery of new effective compounds from

phytopharmaceutical source. MAE has risen rapidly in the last decade and for most applications

it has proven to be much more effective in all aspects as compared to the traditional extraction

techniques.

PCOG-32

VOLATILE OILS; A PRESICIOUS GIFT OF NATURE

Sunil Saharan, Sandeep Kumar, Pradeep Kamboj

JCDM College of Pharmacy,

Barnala Road, Sirsa, Haryana – 125055


Abstract

Volatile oils or Etheral oils are extremely complex and possibly the most interesting herbal

elements that provide the herbalists with a potent aid for their treatments. These oils are actually

the combinations of oxygenated compounds and hydrocarbons derived from the herbs. The

volatile oil is composed of various active phytoconstituents and extensively used in the

formulation of many types of medicines in the modern system of medicine. It is used in the

flavouring industries, as perfuming agents in the pharmaceutical preparations, foods & beverages

and also in cosmetics industries. Waste of this oil is also used as additives in the powder

formulations, paper industries, formulating churana, bhasma and leh preparations. The volatile

oils are one of the major class of secondary metabolites and used extensively as an important

ingredient in preparation of wide range of medicines. Hence, the present review is undertaken to

explore and report the physical and chemical nature, distillation methods and future prospective

of volatile oils.

PCOG-33

CRATAEVA NURVALA: A VALUABLE MEDICINAL PLANT

Vandana Valecha

Doon Valley Institute of Pharmacy and Medicine, Karnal

ABSTRACT

The discovery of a novel chemical component from a medicinal plant may form the basis of

development of various therapeutic agents with better activity. More than 500 medicinal plants

have been reported to possess medicinal properties. Crataeva nurvala Buch Ham, (family:

Capparidaceae) is one of the most common species among them. The whole plant posses high

medicinal value and traditionally used in treating various ailments for human beings. The plant is

used internally as well as externally. Externally, the paste or its leaves or skin of bark is applied


August 22, 2014


in cervical adenitis, abscess and edematous wounds. The same paste is salutary in rheumatic joint

for relief of pain. The pulp of leaves is applied on abdomen in splenic enlargement, with great

benefit. Internally, varuna is used in vast range of diseases. The decoction of leaves given along

with ghee relieves flatulence and abdominal pain. It also works well as a laxative, cholegogue,

appetizer and vermicide, hence useful in anorexia, tumors, liver disorders, flatulent dyspepsia

and helminthiasis. Phytochemically the plant has been investigated for flavonoids,

glucosinolates, plant sterols, including lupeol, saponins, tannins, cardenolides, alkaloids,

triterpenes and saponins. The plant has been demonstrated to possess multiple pharmacological

activities such as antiinflammatory, urolithiatic, antidiabetic, antibacterial, analgesic,

antiinfertility, antidiarrhoeal, antinociceptive and cardioprotective activity.

PCOG-34

EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF

GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA LINN. ROOTS EXTRACTS

Chetan Sharma* and K.R. Aneja *Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Khalsa College, Yamuna Nagar- 135 001

Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra136119 Email: [email protected]

ABSTRACT Glycyrrhiza glabra, commonly called as Licorice, is one of the important traditonal medicinal

plants grow in the various part of the world and roots of this plant has been used for several

medicinal purposes. Antimicrobial activity of G. glabra root extracts was studied by agar well

diffusion method against the six ear pathogens namely, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus

mirabilis, Escherchia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp. and Candida albicans.

The antibacterial and antiyeast activity of G. glabra root extracts on the agar plates varied in

different organic (methanol, ethanol and acetone) and aqueous (hot and cold) extracts. All the

fruit extracts of T. belerica showed antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial isolates

with zone of inhibition ranging between 26.3mm and 14.6mm, maximum against S.aureus

(26.3mm in methanolic extract) whereas in case of yeast, it ranges from 23.6mm and

15.3mm.However aqueous extract displayed activity against three tested pathogens with zone of

inhibition ranging between 20.3mm and 14.6mm.The MIC value for G. glabra root extracts

ranged between 3.12mg/ml and 25mg/ml and MBC value ranged between 6.25mg/ml and

25mg/ml. The lowest MIC of 3.12mg/ml and MBC of 6.25mg/ml was observed against S.aureus.

Methanolic extract of G. glabra was found best among all the tested solvents. The methanolic G.

glabra extract was screened for free radical scavenging effects at various concentrations (10, 30

and 50µg/ml) by DPPH free radical scavenging method, Reducing power activity and Nitric

oxide radical scavenging activity. All these antioxidant activities were concentration dependent

which were compared with standard antioxidants such as BHT and ascorbic acid.



August 22, 2014


PCOG-35

ANTIDIABETIC HERBAL FORMULATIONS AVAILABLE IN MARKET

Kunwar,* Maninder Kaur

Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Doon Valley Institute of Pharmacy &

Medicine, Karnal.

E-Mail – [email protected]

Abstract

The present study was based on Diabetes, its cure & herbal products available in market.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder, affecting 16 million individuals in the

United States and 200 million worldwide. Despite the use of advanced synthetic drugs for the

treatment, use of herbal remedies is gaining higher importance because of synthetic drugs have

drawbacks and limitations. The herbal drugs with antidiabetic activity are extensively formulated

commercially because of easy availability, affordability and less side effects as compared to the

synthetic antidiabetic drugs. Antidiabetic herbal formulations (AHF) are considered to be more

effective for the management of diabetes. There are around 600 herbal drug manufacturers in

India of which almost all manufacturers are developing AHF in addition to others. Till date no

article is published to give detailed information of the herbal preparations on diabetes available

in market. Thus, this review article undertake the attempt for providing updated information on

the type of diabetes and herbal formulations which will enhance the existing knowledge of the

researchers.

PCOG-36

PHARMACOGNOSTICAL AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF THE

LEAVES OF CRYPTOLEPIS DUBIA (BURM.F.) M.R. ALMEDIA

Rajinder Mann*, Pradeep Kumar, Asha Rani, Ram Kumar Roy

Doon Valley Institute of Pharmacy and Medicine, Karnal *E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Cryptolepis dubia (Burm.f.) M.R. Almedia (Asclepiadaceae), commonly known as jambupatra

sariva in Sanskrit and as Dudhi or Karanta in Hindi, it is a large evergreen laticiferous, woody

climbing, perennial shrub common especially in deciduous forest of sub-himalayan tracts, Bihar,

Orisa, East Uttar Pradesh in Varanasi region. Cryptolepis dubia is a very useful plant because of

its multiple uses as a traditional medicine, such as anti-diarrhoeal, anti-bacterial, antiulcerative,

anti-inflammatory, blood purifier and for lactation in women. The leaves were collected during

month of January 2011 from Karnal (Haryana). The dried leaves were powdered, passed through

a 40 mesh sieve and stored in closed vessel for further use. The powder 180 gm was extracted

successively with petroleum ether (60-800C), chloroform, methanol and distilled water in

Soxhlet extractor for 18 hrs. The macroscopic & microscopic characters of leaves were observed.


August 22, 2014


The extractive values of an alcohol and water were observed. The preliminary phytochemical

screening of various extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids

and steroids present in the different prepared extract. The present study on Cryptolepis dubia will

be useful to supplement information with regards to its identification and authentication.

PCOG-37

CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS: A NOVEL TOOL FOR HERBAL DRUGS ANALYSIS

Prerna Sarup

M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala


Abstract High performance chromatographic techniques are the most commonly used methods in the

standardization of herbal drugs. But the intricacy involved in the herbal matrices is difficult to

analyze because of their complexity of chemical composition. Chemometric analysis provides a

good opportunity for extracting out more useful chemical information from the original statistics.

Comprehensive methods and hyphenated techniques associated with chemometrics used for

extracting useful information and supplying various methods of data processing are now more

and more widely used in medicinal plants, among which similarity analysis, hierarchical

clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) are most commonly used

techniques. This study focuses on the various chromatographic techniques, chemometric tools

and interpretation of results by HCA & PCA in various guggulu samples. The results of HCA

and PCA producing same inference as that of analytical techniques validated and provided proof

to the results of analysis of these samples in their similarity and dissimilarity assessment. In

order to evaluate the discrimination ability of the different constituents, PCA was employed

using the peak areas of all peaks as input data.

PCOG-38

HERBAL MEDICINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES

Shashikant Bhardwaj*

Department of Pharmacology, JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa, Haryana


Abstract

Diabetes mellitus a serious chronic disease, and is caused by the abnormality of carbohydrate

metabolism which is linked to low blood insulin level or insensitivity of target organs to insulin.

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar (glucose)

levels. Diabetes mellitus is known to be associated with obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia,



August 22, 2014


neuropathy and cardiovascular diseases. It was reported that in 2010 diabetes affected as many as

285 million people worldwide and resulted in heavy personal and national economic burdens.

Currently available treatment options for this disease are limited and have several adverse

effects. Herbal medicines have been highly esteemed source of medicine throughout the human

history. They are widely used today indicating that herbs are a growing part of modern high-tech

medicine. Plants provide the best option for search of desired safe and effective medications due

to presence of wide variety of compounds. Therefore, systematic and intensive search for new

drugs to treat diabetes mellitus from plants seems to be of great utility to develop novel drug

prototypes. These include Allium sativum, Eugenia jambolana, Momordicacharantia, Ocimum

sanctum, Phyllanthusamarus, Pterocarpusmarsupium, Tinosporacordifolia,

Trigonellafoenumgraecum and Withaniasomnifera. To date, more than 1200 flowering plants

have been claimed to have anti-diabetic properties. Among them, one-third have been

scientifically studied and documented in around 460 publications. The hypoglycemic effect of

some herbal extracts has been confirmed in human and animal models of diabetes.

PCOG-39

HERBAL COSMETICS: AN OVERVIEW

Deepak Dhankhar*1

, Upma1, Priti Mehndiratta

1, Gaurav Khurana

1, Jyoti Dahiya,

Minakshi Gupta1



Abstract

The pouplarity of herbal cosmetics in society and technological advances in the manufacturing

process has resulted in the flooding of the market with herbal formulations. Recently herbal

cosmetics have gained much recognition and became popular among people. These products

claimed to have efficacy and intrinsic acceptability due to routine use in daily life and devoid of

side effects commonly seen with synthetic product. The herbs used in preparation of these skin

cosmetics are multifuctional with antioxidant, antiinflammatory,antiseptic and antimicrobial

properties. Chemically synthesized, highly concentrated drugs may produce many side

effects.Some of extracts that are used in herbal cosmetics are Amla, Brahmi, Neem, Aloe vera,

Tulsi, Reetha powder. Mainly formulations which are used as herbal Cosmetics are eyeliners,

lipsticks, foundations, perfume. Various applications of Herbal Prouducts in Cosmetics are

Herbal skin care products ( lotions, creams and body powder), herbal hair care cosmetics ( heena,

amla, brahmi, bhringraj, guar gum), Herbal Lip care and eye care cosmetics.


August 22, 2014


PCOG-40


WITHANIA SOMNIFERA AND EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF EXCIPIENTS ON ITS

DISSOLUTION PROFILE

Praveen Kumar Goyal1, G.K. Singh

2, B.P. Nagori

2

1Alwar Pharmacy College, Alwar-301030 (Raj.)

2Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology (Pharmacy Wing)

Jodhpur-342003, Rajasthan, India


Abstract:

Medicinal plants have curative properties due to the presence of various complex chemical

substances of different composition, which are found as secondary plant metabolites in one or

more parts of these plants. The present paper deals with formulation and evaluation of anti-stress

activity of tablets prepared from alcoholic root extract of Withania somnifera and evaluate the

effect of excipients on its dissolution profile. Since withanolides belong to alkaloidal category

and they have less solubility in water, there is need to select appropriate excipients in

formulation to enhance its dissolution in biological fluid. A solid pharmaceutical dosage

formulation using a novel dry plant extract (tuberous roots) using various Excipients viz.,starch,

magnesium stearate, MCC, dibasic calcium phosphate, talc and PEG-4000 by direct compression

was reported to be statically significant as anti-stress formulation. From these four batches (P-1

to P-4); the batch P-2 was found to be the best formulation in terms of better dissolution profile.

And therefore, this batch P-2 was selected for anti-stress activity screening. Finally the anti-stress

activity was reported to be significant. This communication also deals with the evaluation of

formulated tablets (weight variation, friability, hardness and disintegration time).

Keywords:Withania somnifera, tablets, PEG, MCC, Dicalcium Phosphate, Herbal formulation.

PCOG-41

EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM

FRUIT EXTRACTS AGAINST MICROBES ASSOCIATED WITH FRUIT JUICES

Romika1, Neeraj Kumar Aggarwal

2*, K.R. Aneja

3

1 Research scholar, Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra university Kurukshetra, India

2Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra university Kurukshetra, India

3Vaidyanath Research, Training and Diagnostic Centre, Kurukshetra, India

Email –[email protected]

Abstract

Spices have been used for centuries in Asian countries such as China and India as a food

ingredient. Instead of their flavouring effect, spices also possess antimicrobial effects on plant

and human pathogens. Food processing technologies such as chemical preservatives cannot


mailto:�[email protected]


August 22, 2014


eliminate food pathogens or delay microbial spoilage totally. The present study was designed to

evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Coriandrum sativum against microbes associated with

juices. Organic (Methanol, ethanol, acetone) and aqueous (hot and cold) extracts from the fruits

of C. sativum were tested for their antimicrobial activity through agar well diffusion method and

minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values

were determined through the macrodilution broth method against three different microorganism,

two bacteria (one gram positive and one gram negative) and one yeast. Among the organic

extracts, acetonic extract exhibit antimicrobial activity against all three tested microbes with a

maximum zone of inhibition of 35.48mm against Bacillus cereus, followed by Serratia

marcescens (28.75mm). Alcoholic fruit extracts was found to be active against bacteria and cold

aqueous extract displayed activity only against B. cereus. Hot aqueous extract did not show

antimicrobial activity. Acetonic fruit extract was found to be best against all tested microbes

with lowest MIC of 1.56 mg/ml and MBC of 3.12 mg/ml and showed better antimicrobial

activity than sodium benzoate. Therefore, acetonic extract of C. sativum has a biopreservative

potential in fruit juices.

Key Words:-Coriandrum sativum, biopreservative, MIC, MBC

PCOG-42

Leaf-spot disease of Trianthema portulacastrum – a new record from world

Vikas Kumar1, Neeraj Aggarwal

2*

1Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

2Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

*email: [email protected]

Abstract:

Trianthema portulacastrum L., an indigenous plant to South Africa, is a very common weed of

tropical and subtropical areas throughout the world. In the years 2011-13 a series of surveys for

natural enemies of horse pursane were conducted in Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. A leaf

spot disease was found on horse purslane at Kurukshetra. A species of Fusarium was isolated on

PDA and TEDA media from infected leaves. On the basis of cultural, morphological and

molecular characteristics, it was identified as Fusarium chlamydosporum Wollenw. & Reinking.

In vitro inoculation on Trianthema leaves, the pathogen showed similar symptoms as occurred in

nature. Thus, proving pathogenicity and Koch‟s posulates. This is the first report of occurrence

of F. chlamydosporum causing leaf spot on horse purslane from the world.



August 22, 2014


PCOG-43

Alternariamacrospora: A potential fungal pathogen for biocontrol of partheniumweed

M. Kaur1, N. K. Aggarwal

2*

1Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

2Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra


Abstract

Congress grass, Parthenium hysterophorus L. (Family: Asteraceae; Tribe: Heliantheae), is

known for its notorious role as environmental, medical and agricultural hazards around the

globe. In the years 2012-14, a series of surveys for natural enemies of parthenium were

conducted in Haryana. During this survey, a leaf spot disease has been regularly reported on

congress grass at different parts of the Kurukshetra and its adjoining areas.The pathogenwas

isolated on PDA and PeDA media from infected leaves and preliminary identification showed

that the pathogen belongs to the genus Alternaria.The culture has been deposited to the CABI,

International Mycological Institute (IMI) UK for species identification. The molecular

identification showed that the pathogen is Alternariamacrospora(IMI no. 503549).Literature

study showed that this pathogenhas been reported first time onPartheniumhysterophorusfrom the

world.In vitroand in vivo inoculation on partheniumleaves, the pathogen showed similar

symptoms as occurred in nature, proving pathogenicity and Koch‟s postulates.

Thephytotoxicityoffungal cultural filtratehas been confirmed on parthenium leaves in lab

conditions. Due to the highly virulent nature of this pathogen, it has been selected for the further

study to develop mycoherbicide to control this devastating weed.

PCOG-44

HERBS & DRUG INTERACTION

Priya Yadav* A.C.Rana, Dhirender Kaushik, Manjusha Chaudhary

Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

([email protected])

ABSTRACT

The use of medicinal herbal products as primary, complementary or alternative therapy is

popular globally due to cultural, safety, cost and factors. Advances in western medicine have

dramatically increased health conditions and life expectancy of people. In spite of the latest

developments in allopathic system of medicine people still seek alternative and complimentary

system. The use of herbal medicine to treat a wide range of conditions is rising rapidly, leading

to increased intake of phytochemicals. Recent studies reveal potential fatal interactions between

herbal medicines and drugs. Herbal medicine is amongst the 16 alternative systems of medicine,

which is used to treat existing illness and also for preventive and health conditions. Herbs like

Aloe vera, St John‟s wort, Ginkgo biloba, Feverfew, Ginger and Kava make most of the market.



August 22, 2014


The increasing popularity of alternative therapies, including herbal remedies is a new challenge

for health care providers because the evidence on safety for herbal remedies is incomplete,

complex and confusing. The herbal medicines are certainly associated with risks and benefits.

Interaction between herbal medicines and drugs are based on the same pharmacokinetic and

pharmacodynamic principles as like drug-drug interactions. Nowadays patients taking both

ayurvedic and allopathic treatment remain unaware of potential herb-drug interaction.

Pharmacist can change the present scenario and utilize their knowledge in providing healthy

information about herb-drug interaction.

PCOG-45

APPLICATION OF NOVEL ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION TECHNIQUE

FOR THE HERBS

Sunil Kumar*, Vineet Mittal and Shivani Dhiman

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124 001

Abstract

For ultrasound assisted extraction (USAE) sound waves of frequency >20 kHz are used. The

ultrasonic waves are produced by an apparatus equipped with ultrasonic probe, transducer and

digital temperature and frequency control unit. The ultrasound waves generate the expansion and

compression cycle within the solvent which help in diffusion of solvent into the crude drug.

Moreover due to energy produced by sound waves the cells of the drug are also broken as

evident from scanning electron microscopy of sample. The disruption of cell membrane also

helps in washing out of solubilised cell content. For successful application of USAE several

process variables has to be kept in mind like ultrasonic frequency, extraction temperature and

sample solvent ratio. These variables can be changed sensitively to achieve more yield in less

time. Keeping in view the advantage of this novel technique, it can be applied for the extraction

of herbs.


August 22, 2014


PCOG-46


WITHANIASOMNIFERA AND EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF EXCIPIENTS ON ITS

DISSOLUTION PROFILE

Praveen Kumar Goyal1, G.K. Singh

2, B.P. Nagori

2

Department of Pharmacognosy 1Alwar Pharmacy College, Alwar-301030 (Raj.)

2Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology (Pharmacy Wing)

Jodhpur-342003, Rajasthan, India


Abstract:

Medicinal plants have curative properties due to the presence of various complex chemical

substances of different composition, which are found as secondary plant metabolites in one or

more parts of these plants. The present paper deals with formulation and evaluation of anti-stress

activity of tablets prepared from alcoholic root extract of Withania somnifera and evaluate the

effect of excipients on its dissolution profile. Since withanolides belong to alkaloidal category

and they have less solubility in water, there is need to select appropriate excipients in

formulation to enhance its dissolution in biological fluid. Asolid pharmaceutical dosage

formulation using a novel dry plant extract (tuberous roots) using various Excipientsviz.,

starch,magnesium stearate, MCC, dibasic calcium phosphate, talc and PEG-4000 by direct

compression was reported to be statically significant as anti-stressformulation.From these

fourbatches (P-1 to P-4);thebatch P-2 (Starch 30mg and MCC 35mg) was found to be the best

formulation in terms of better dissolution profile. And therefore, this batch P-2 was selectedfor

anti-stressactivity screening. Finallytheanti-stressactivitywasreportedto be significant. This

communication also deals with the evaluation of formulated tablets (weight variation, friability,

hardness and disintegration time).

Keywords:Withaniasomnifera, tablets, PEG, MCC, Dicalcium Phosphate, Herbalformulation.

PCOG-47

MICROSCOPIC STUDY AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION

OF CHENOPODIUM ALBUM

Pushpander Kumar* and Sunil Kumar

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra -136119, Haryana,

Abstract Chenopodium album (Chenopodiaceae) is commonly known as Bathu. It is used as anti-ulcer,

anti-nociceptive and hepatoprotective, antioxidant anti-helminthic, antipruritic etc. The present

work is done to study microscopy and preliminary phytochemical investigation of Chenopodium

album. Fresh leaf and dried power of the plant were studies macroscopically and



August 22, 2014


microscopically. Preliminary phytochemical investigation of plant material was done. The study

revealed that T.S of leaves showed the presences of xylem covered with phloem.

Parenchymatous cells were observed in epidermis. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed

the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins and glycosides. The

microscopy and physiochemical studies of the Chenopodium album assist in its standardization

for quality, purity and identification.

Keywords: Chenopodium album, fibre, microscopy, Phytochemical, xylem

PCOG-48

MOUTH ULCER PROTECTION BY JASMINUM GRANDIFLORUM

1Shashikant Agrawal,

2Shakti Goel,

3Neeraj Gilhotra

1 School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur

2, 3 Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand

University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India

Abstract

The present study aimed to evaluate ulcer protective activity of ethanolic leaf extract of

Jasminum grandiflorum in rat cheek pouch. Cheek pouch ulcers were induced by standard

method of local injection of 50 microlitre of acetic acid. The extract (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg)

was administered topically once a day for 10 days after development of ulcers. Ulcers were

visually recorded by an optical camera and an Ulcer Index was determined. Simultaneously,

urine samples of rats were collected on day 4, 8, 12 in control and treated rats separately.

Positive Control rats were observed to contain higher levels of nitrite (expressed as 24h output)

in their urine. Administration of Ethanolic extract (250 mg/kg) of Jasminum grandiflorum

showed a statistically significant decrease in ulcer index, which was accompanied by a decrease

in urinary nitrite levels. The results served to indicate the possibility of ulcer protective- like role

of Jasminum grandiflorum and a possible nitriergic mechanism as one of the biochemical

mediators of the noted activity.

PCOG-49

A REVIEW- TEAK

Geeta Deswal

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar


Abstract

Traditional system of medicinal consists of large number of plants with various medicinal and

pharmacological importance and hence represents a priceless tank of new bioactive molecules.



August 22, 2014


Tectona grandis (Linn.) tropical hardwood tree is one amongst these, found to south and

southeast Asia, mainly India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Myanmar, but is naturalized and

cultivated in many countries, including those in Africa and the Caribbean. Myanmar accounts for

nearly one third of the world's total teak production. It is commonly known as „Sagun or

Sagwan‟, and has been recognized in different traditional system of medicines for the treatment

of various diseases of human beings. Different parts of this plant are traditionally claimed to be

used as anti-fungal, anti-anemic, antioxidant, anti-fertility, anti-ulcerative, nitric oxide

scavenging activity, anti-viral activity, wound healing activity, laxative, scabies, bronchitis and

hair promoter to list of few. Therefore, the present review aimed to compile up to date and

comprehensive information of teak with special emphasis on its photochemistry, various

scientifically documented pharmacological activities, traditional and folk medicine uses.


August 22, 2014


MISCELLANEOUS

ABSTRACTS


August 22, 2014


MIS-1

STANDARDIZATION OF MISWAK: AN ORAL HYGIENE TOOL

*a

Manu Arora, bAnees A Siddiqui,

cSarveshPaliwal,

aAnkitaKapoor,

aRamit Kapoor

*aSchool of Pharmacy & Emerging Sciences, Baddi University of Emerging Science &

Technology, Makhnumajra, Baddi, Distt.Solan, Himachal Pradesh-173205, India. bDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, JamiaHamdard, New Delhi,

110062, India. cDepartment of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, P.O. Banasthali Vidyapith,Distt. Tonk,

Rajasthan, 304022, India.

Abstract:

Miswak is a natural oral hygiene tool belongs to the family Salvadoraceae. It has been proven

multipurpose tree. It is also known as toothbrush tree because of its oral hygiene properties. It

contains number of chemical constituents of different categories. Miswak is well known for its

therapeutic activities like anti-microbial, antibacterial, carminative, anti-fungal etc. The

objective of the research was to study pharmacognostical and physicochemical parameters to

confirm the identity of plant. Extraction was done by maceration process by using chloroform,

methanol and water as solvents. Its chemical evaluation was done by using different chemical

tests. Other parameters like ash value, extractive value, moisture content and foreign matter were

also studied and recorded. The extracts Salvadorapersicaaerial parts showed the presence of

phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids and flavonoids. From the above

studies it can be concluded that the various parameters such as pharmacognostical and

phytochemical parameters of the aerial parts of Salvadora persica may be utilized for its

identification and differentiation from other species. Alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, steroids

and polyphenolic like secondary plant metabolites which are present in this plant may be

responsible for its pharmacological activities. The road ahead is to establish specific bioactive

molecules, which might be responsible for these actions. Therefore the cultivation, collection,

and further exploration of S.persicaare essential.

MIS-3

ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE - A GLOBAL CONCERN

NO ACTION TODAY, NO CURE TOMORROW.

UmanshuDhingra*, VandanaSaini and AnjuGoyal

Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura-140 401 (Punjab)

[email protected]

Abstract

The World Health Organization has selected “combat antimicrobial resistance” as the theme for

World Health Day 2011. Antimicrobial resistance i.e. (AMR) is resistance of a microorganism


August 22, 2014


(bacteria, viruses and some parasites) to an antimicrobial medicine to which it was previously

sensitive, has developed into a major public health crisis from the overuse and misuse of

antibiotic drugs. Inappropriate and irrational use of medicines provides favourable conditions for

resistant microorganisms to emerge and spread. A high percentage of hospital-acquired

infections are caused by highly resistant bacteria such as Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus

aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Ciprofloxacin is the only antibiotic

currently recommended by WHO for the management of diarrhoea due to Shigella organisms. As

per Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention‟s (CDC) trend in AMR, reports of methicillin-

resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a potentially dangerous type of staph bacteria that is

resistant to certain antibiotics and may cause skin and other infections. AMR has also been noted

with some of the drugs used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and

influenza. National Institute of Health (NIH) has given various contributions in the previous

year towards AMR, some of them include NIH funded 4 clinical trial to fight against AMR

NIAID ON Oct 19 2010. Role and efforts are made by WHO towards the cause to draft Global

action plan on antimicrobial resistance. WHO is engaged in guiding the response to AMR

through: policy guidance, support for surveillance, technical assistance, knowledge generation

and partnerships, including through disease prevention and control programmes; essential

medicines quality, supply and rational use.

MIS-4

PARAGLIDING THROUGH SWOT ANALYSIS ON USA'S CURRENT REGULATORY

ENVIRONMENT

Manisha1, Harish Dureja

1, Swagat Tripathy

2

1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand University, Rohtak

2Apotex Res. Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore

[email protected]

Abstract

To sustain in competitive environment, a great deal of self-reflection, analysis and strategic

planning is required. SWOT analysis is a tool that identifies the strengths, weaknesses,

opportunities and threats. USA pharmaceutical regulatory environment is very clear to industries

and having clear guidelines for drugs regulation. And USA‟s market is very favorable for market

because it promotes the research and very profitable for industries. There are a number of recent

regulatory challenges of regulatory agency USFDA for e.g. DMF completeness, GDUFA

(Generic Drug User Fee), change in Stability Requirement, Batch requirement , QbD (Quality by

Design) concept, SPL , QOS (Quality overall Summary) , Review clock concept, Stringent

regulation of RTF/Screening. Attempts have been made in this article to study the positive and

negative impact of these challenges on pharmaceuticals. So by analyzing this organization can

decide on tailor made their organization strategy to get success in USA.


August 22, 2014


MIS-5

ANTIOXIDANTS: THE AGING DETERMINANTS

Babita Saroha

1, Dinesh Kumar

1, Usha Bhocal

1, Sunita

2, Veer Bhan

Research Scholar, Drosophila Research Laboratory, University Institute of Engineering and

Technology, MDU Rohtak-124001

Assistant Professor, Pt NRS Govt. College Rohtak, MDU Rohtak-124001

Assistant Professor, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, MDU Rohtak-124001


Abstract

Aging is characterized by a progressive decline in the efficiency of physiological function and by

the increased susceptibility to disease and ultimately death. Damage to cells caused by free

radicals is believed toplay a central role in the aging process and in disease progression.

Antioxidants are our first line of defense against free radical damage, and are critical for

maintaining optimum health and comfort. The need for antioxidants becomes even more

significant with increased exposure to free radicals. Pollution, cigarette smoke, drugs, illness,

stress, and even exercise can increase free radical exposure. Because so many factors can

contribute to oxidative stress, individual estimation of susceptibility becomes important. Many

experts believe that the diet with specific antioxidants may be significant in some instances and

the need of them may give valuable results. As part of a healthy lifestyle and a well-balanced,

wholesome diet with antioxidant supplementation is now being recognized as an important

means of improving free radical protection and ultimately healthy life-span.

MIS-7

REGULATION OF MEDICAL DEVICES IN INDIA

Dimple & Harish Dureja

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MDU, Rohtak

Email:[email protected]

Abstract

Medical devices are now a pervasive part of modern medical care. They are in many cases

associated with quality of care. In some cases, the use of devices has certainly improved quality.

In other cases, devices have been associated with many problems. The approach to quality of

devices has depended largely on regulation .Recently introduced guidelines and the amendment

in the Drug & Cosmetic Act will provide adequate guidance for both the manufacturers and

competent authorities to manage cases efficiently and appropriately. While these regulations and

reforms promise to clarify, unify, and expedite the process of manufacturing and importing

medical devices into India. Understanding the regulatory reforms imminent in India will be

crucial for foreign companies looking to enter or expand their business in India's medical


August 22, 2014


markets. It is hoped that the guidelines are implemented and regulated properly with effective

outcome.

MIS-8

INDIA- GRAPPLING WITH CONTROL OF DRUG PRICES

Prerna Kaushik &Dr. Harish Dureja

Deptt. Of Pharmaceutical sciences ,M.D. University, Rohtak

Email :- [email protected]

Abstract:

The prices of drugs in India are controlled by the DPCO 1955 which empowers the fixation and

regulations of prices of essential bulk drugs & their formulations that contribute to the need of a

mass of population. Price regulation started from 1970 where price regulation depends on the

fact that a company‟s pre-tax profit from its pharma business should not exceed 15%of its

pharma sales. In 1974, Hathi committee report was submitted to enquire into the conditions

prevailing in the pharmaceutical sphere of the country. Most recently, in 2013 DPCO came

which focuses on various key principles :-Essentiality of drugs ,Control of formulation prices

only ,Market based pricing (data available with IMS health),Previously only 74 drugs were under

the price control but at present all the 348 drugs under NLEM-2011 are under price control so

that the life saving drugs can be available at affordable equitable basis.

MIS-9

INNOVATIONS FROM NATURE – A NEW COMMENCE

Kaushik Vichitra1, Chaudhary G.D.

2,Ahmad Shoaib

2 and SainiVipin

1

1 MM College of Pharmacy, MM University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana

2Rayat&Bahra Institute of Pharmacy, Sahauran, Mohali, Punjab


Abstract

Natural Products are very valuable pharmaceutical leads due to their potency against often

difficult targets, but they can suffer from issues such as poor Pharmacokinetics, and their

intractability to synthetic chemistry has hindered their use.There is a current trend of discovery

and applications of bioactive agents from natural sources. Natural products can have very high

affinity to the target that they are naturally evolved to bind, very distinct from low-affinity

synthetic fragments. Furthermore, Natural products seem to be able to address a different range

of targets from combinatorial chemistry-derived small molecules. At present, compound libraries

from combinatorial chemistry are the major source for high throughput screening programs in

drug discovery. On the other hand, nature has been proven to be an outstanding source for new

and innovative drugs. Recent advances in the applications of various hyphenated techniques,


August 22, 2014


e.g., GCMS, LC-PDA, LC-MS, LC-FTIR, LC-NMR, LC-NMR-MS, and CE-MS, in the context

of preisolation analyses of crude extracts or fraction from various natural sources, isolation and

on-line detection of natural products, chemotaxonomic studies, chemical fingerprinting, quality

control of herbal products, dereplication of natural products, and metabolomic studies were used.

Nature represents an extraordinary reservoir of novel molecules and there is currently a

resurgence of interest in natural products as a possible source of new lead compounds for

introduction into therapeutical screening programmes.To realize that utility and to share in the

benefits, organizations should be prepared not only to participate actively in the discovery

process, but also to share the financial risks.

MIS-10

DOCTOR OF PHARMACY EDUCATION IN INDIA- A CRITICAL STUDY

A. Pandurangan, Amandeep Kaur*, Diksha Sharma, Vipin Saini

M.M. College of Pharmacy, M.M. University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India-133207

Abstract:

The past few decades witnessed many scientific developments and achievements in the areas of

Hospital, Clinical and Community pharmacy services throughout the world. The Doctor of

Pharmacy (Pharm. D) degree is a professional doctor degree in Pharmacy focusing on hospital,

community and clinical pharmacy activities. It is a global program in pharmacy education and

is very much similar to professional degrees like Doctor of Medicine (MD) in USA. The

Pharmacy council of India (PCI) managed to introduce a six year regular Pharm. D and the

three year post baccalaureate Pharm. D in 2008 in the country through a Gazette notification of

Government of India dated 16th May 2008. By 2013 November, the PCI had given approval to

over 140 institutions covering states like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh,

Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, UP and Punjab for starting Pharm. D in India. The first batch

of regular Pharm. D will graduate by the end of 2014.The 6 year Pharm. D program in India

should help to establish an effective and trustworthy relationship between the pharmacy practice

department and the health care professionals in the hospitals. The Pharm. D students have to

exhibit their caliber, competence and capabilities in making the drug therapy and health care

safer, cost-effective and user friendly. The strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats

(SWOT) of Indian Pharm. D are critically and scientifically analyzed and evaluated in this study

paper.


August 22, 2014


MIS-11

BIOMARKERS: AN EMERGING TOOL IN MEDICAL PRACTICE

Deepa Batra*1

, Swati Aggarwal1, Vaibhav Gupta

1, Kunwar Singh

1

1. Doon Valley Institute of Pharmacy & Medicine, Karnal, Haryana

Abstract

Biomarkers have gained immense scientific outlook and clinical value in the practice of modern

medicine. Biomarker indicates potentially useful signals along the whole spectrum of the disease.

Before diagnosis, these markers could be used for screening and risk assessment. During

diagnosis, markers can determine staging, grading, and selection of initial therapy. During

treatment, they can be used to monitor therapy, select additional therapy, or monitor recurrent

diseases. Biomarkers have many potential applications in oncology, Alzheimer disease and

cardio vascular diseases whose clinical diagnosis is inaccurate even among experienced

investigators. They are becoming an essential part of clinical development because they offer a

faster alternative to the conventional drug development approach and the promise of „safer drugs

in greater numbers, approved more quickly‟. Advances in genomics, proteomics and molecular

pathology have generated many candidate biomarkers with potential clinical value. In the future,

integration of biomarkers, identified using emerging high-throughput technologies into medical

practice will be necessary to achieve „personalization‟ of treatment and disease prevention

.MIS-12

QUALITY BY DESIGN

Monika Punia1, Kapil Joshi

2, Harish Dureja

1

1 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, M. D University, Rohtak-124001

2Quality Assurance, Dr. Reddy‟s Laboratories Limited, Baddi-173205

Absract

Quality by design is modern approach to obtain the high level of assurance of the product, for

increasing the efficiency of manufacturing product by reducing manufacturing cost and product

rejection, the ultimate goal of this is to design robust process. QbD is a scientific, risk based,

holistic and proactive approach to pharmaceutical development. The concept promote industry‟s

understanding of the product and manufacturing process starting with product development,

basically building quality in, not testing it. Testing of Products confirms the product quality.

Implementation of QbD will enable transformation of the chemistry, manufacturing, and controls

(CMC) review of abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) into a science-based

pharmaceutical quality assessment. Under this concept of QbD during designing and

development of a product, a company needs to define desire product performance Target product

Profile (TPP), and identify critical quality attributed (CQA).It is a new approach to drug

development could increase efficiencies, provide regulatory relief and flexibility, and offer

important business benefits throughout the product‟s life cycle.


August 22, 2014


MIS-13

EBOLA VIRUS: A DEADLY MENACE

Mohit Madan *A.C.Rana * Dhirender Kaushik *Manjusha Chaudhary

Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

ABSTRACT

Ebola virus disease (EVD), formerly known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often

fatal illness in humans. EVD outbreak have a case fatality rate of up to 90%.Ebola first

appeared in 1976 in 2 simultaneous outbreaks, in Nzara, Sudan. The latter was in a village

situated near the Ebola River, from which the disease takes its name. Genus Ebolavirus is 1 of

the 3 members of the Filoviridae family.GenusEbolavirus comprises of 5 distinct speciesin

which 3 are deadly virus and 2 are not. Ebola is introduced into the human body through close

contact with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected animals. In Africa,

infection has been documented through the handling of infected chimpanzees, gorillas, fruit

bats, monkeys. EVD is a severe acute viral illness often characterized by the sudden onset of

fever, intense weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat. This is followed by vomiting,

diarrhoea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and

external bleeding. Ebola virus infections can be diagnosed effectively in a clinical or

pathological laboratory through several tests: Antibody-capture enzyme-linked

immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Antigen detection tests, Serum neutralization test, Electron

microscopy, Virusisolation by cell culture. No licensed vaccine for EVD is still available.

Several vaccines are being tested, but not any vaccine is available for clinical use.

MIS-15

PARAMOUNT PART OF LIFE: SLEEP

Garima*, Dhirender Kaushik, Manjusha Chaudhary

Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

Abstract

Sleep and wakefulness are linked in part to the activity of the circadian clock. Loss of sleep

creates an overwhelming and uncontrollable need to sleep and effects virtually all physiological

functions .Sleep is not something to fill time when person is inactive. Sleep is required activity

not an option. Sleep is not being seen as potential risk factor of obesity along with the two most

commonly identified risk factors: lack of exercise and overeating.Lack of sleep also may lead to

microsleep. Microsleep refers to brief moments of sleep that occur when you're normally awake.

Lack of sleep leads type 2 diabetes. There is also growing evidence of a connection between

obstructive sleep and apnoea and heart disease .Some other side effects like obstructive sleep

restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy parasomanias are also observed.


August 22, 2014


MIS-16

PHARMACOVIGILANCE: A WAY FOR BETTER TOMARROW

Karishma*, Vipul, SachchidanandPathak and Himmat Singh

Suresh GyanVihar School of Pharmacy - Jaipur

Abstract

Pharmacoepidemiology is the study of the use and effects of drug in human populations and

Pharmacovigilance is the branch of pharmacoepidemiology. Pharmacovigilance is defined by the

WHO as “the post approval scientific and data gathering activities related to the detection,

assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse events or other drug-related problems”.

The thalidomide tragedy of 1960‟s opened the eyes of drug regulators as well as other concern

body to establish a way to ensure drug safety. Appropriate and effective monitoring of ADRs,

i.e. pharmacovigilance, is the only best way to safeguard the public health. Spontaneous

reporting system (SRS) is the first and most widely used method to report ADRs in spite of

under-reporting as a major limitation. It is enable to early detection of new, rear and serious

ADRs. All drugs have side effects and to monitor their side effect, and collect data in a

systematic way and analyse it to reach a meaningful conclusion, is the basis of the

pharmacovigilance programme in India. The National Pharmacovigilance Programme (NPVP)

was launched in India in 2004 with World Bank funding till 2009. Hence the need for

pharmacovigilance arose since man started using medicines. The ultimate goal of

pharmacovigilance is to faster the rational and safe use of medicines and to identify new

information about hazards associated with medicine and Prevent harm to patient and to improve

patient care and safety in relation to the use of medicines and all medical and paramedical

intervention.

MIS-17

WHAT, WHEN AND HOW OF THE PROMOTION OF RATIONAL USE OF

MEDICINE

SweetyHooda 1

, Ritu Gilhotra2 and Neeraj Gilhotra

3*

1 Pharmacology Laboratory,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand

University, Rohtak – 124 001, Haryana, India 2 School of Pharmacy, GyanVihar University, Jaipur-302 025, Rajasthan, India

*3Pharmacology Laboratory,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand

University, Rohtak – 124001, Haryana, India

Abstract

A growing number of pharmaceuticals are available on the world market. There has ever

increasing consumption of drugs and thus out of pocket expenditure on them. In spite of this,

almost every medicine consumer is equally hesitant and ignorant regarding aspects of rational

medicine use such as economic purchase of medicine as well as rational medicine consumption.

The paper aims at disseminating the historical perspectives, need, rise of demand, practices, key


August 22, 2014


elements and possible role players in South East Asian Countries. Different qualitative and

quantitative approaches to promote practice of rational use of medicines and information,

education and intervention methodologies are presented.

MIS-18

AVAILABILITY AND RELATIVE PRICE PAID FOR BRANDED MEDICINES FOR

COMMON AILMENTS IN TEN AREAS (100 PHARMACY OUTLETS) OF SONEPAT

DISTRICT

Anjali Goyal1, Ritu Gilhotra


3*

1Pharmacology Laboratory,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand

University, Rohtak – 124001, Haryana, India 2 School of Pharmacy, GyanVihar University, Jaipur-302 025, Rajasthan, India

*3Pharmacology Laboratory,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MaharshiDayanand

University, Rohtak – 124001, Haryana, India


Abstract

Essential medicines satisfy the priority health care needs, selected with regard to public health

relevance and comparative cost-effectiveness, intended to be available at all times in adequate

amounts and at a price the individual and the community can afford. Up to 90% of the population

of developing countries purchases medicines through out-of-pocket payments, making medicines

the largest family expenditure item after food. The present study aimed to collect basal data on

availability, relative price paid for these medicines in selected areas of Sonepat District. Data

collector visited these medicine outlets and recorded medicine availability and price using a

standardized format. For each medicine, data are collected for brand name (s), available for

common ailments. Price of these medicines was compared with lowest as well as highest brand

price sold for respective ailment in the market. The results were interesting and projected a

positive picture of availability of almost all selected medicines at selected tenareas and one

hundred retail medicine outlets of Sonepat District.The study helped to provide baseline data on

medicine sales practices of selected retail pharmacy outlets of Sonepat District. A significantly

lower medicine price was observed in area 7 out of all the ten areas chosen for the present study.


August 22, 2014


MIS-19

DRUG SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN

Vipin Saini*, Akash Jain and Jasmine

M.M. College of Pharmacy, Mullana, Ambala

[email protected]

Abstract

Drug Safety Risk Management Plan (DSRMP) is a regulatory document submitted to health

authorities with an application for a new marketing authorization, with Periodic Safety Update

Reports(PSUR), as a standalone document. Once the DSRMP is accepted by the Health

Authorities, the Market Authorization Holder (MAH) has a legal obligation to perform the

activities described in the DSRMP.DSRMP is prepared at the time of a request for approval of a

new drug, new indication, new patient population, etc. or it has to be submitted with submission

dossier and upon identifying a significant new safety concern at the request of health

authorities.The objectives of DSRMPis to specify what is and is not known about safety of a

drug at the time of submission (Safety Specification Safety Specification), to further characterize

the safety risks post authorization (Pharmacovigilance Plan) and where necessary, to define

appropriate measures to minimize known risks to patients.

MIS-20

RISK OF SELF MEDICATION

Garima Kumari,* DR RituGilhotra *DeepikaDeopa


(Suresh GyanVihar University) jaipur,

Abstract

Self-Medication is The Selection And Use Of Medicines By Individuals (Or A Member Of The

Individuals' Family) To Treat Self-Recognized Or Self-Diagnosed Conditions Or Symptoms

Like Fever, Pain Etc. Some Of The Several Benefits Have Been Linked To Appropriate Self-

Medication, Some Of Them: Increased Or Access To Medication And Relief For The Patient,

The Main And Active Role Of The Patient In His Or Her Own Health Care, Better Use Of

Physicians And Pharmacists Skills And Reduced (Or At Least Optimized) Burden Of

Governments Due To Health Expenditure Linked To The Treatment Of Minor Health Conditions

However, In Many Cases Self-Medication Is Far From Being A Completely Safe Practice, In

Particular In The Case Of Non-Responsible Self-Medication. Some Potential Risks Of Self-

Medication Practices Include: Incorrect Self-Diagnosis, Delays In Taking Medical Advice When

Needed, Infrequent But Severe Adverse Reactions, Most Dangerous Drug Interactions, Wrong

Manner Of Administration, Incorrect Dosage, Improper Therapy, Masking Of A Severe Disease

And Risk Of Dependence And Abuse. In This Short Review We Can Analyze The Problem

Related To Self Medication Practises Particularly: Polypharmacy And Drug Interactions,


August 22, 2014


Medications Abuse Or Dependence (Tolerance Level Inc), Misdiagnosis And Incorrect Choice

Of Treatment.

MIS-21

PHARMACOGENOMICS- A NEED OF THE HOUR

Aditya Delu1, Reeta Sethi

2, Jagtar Singh

1 and Yash Paul

1

Lord Shiva College of Pharmacy, Sirsa1

DDR college of Pharmacy, Khandewla, Gurgaon2

Abstract

Pharmacogenomics correlates the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of administered

drug molecules with genetic inheritance of individuals, which is possibly thought to be one of the

important factors leading to variability in response of drug irrespective of its bioavailability. The

term has its origins in Pharmacology and genomics, incorporating genetically monitored

regulation of Pharmaceuticals on administration to patients.

Every Year, a large number of patients die of Adverse Reactions to drugs and more than twice

these are Hospitalized. Application of Pharmacogenomics will predict who's likely to have a

negative or positive reaction to a drug and thus it improves drug choices. Testing of genomic

variations improves determination of correct dose for each individual thus leading to safer dosing

options. Pharmacogenomics leads to improvements in drug development, thus permitting

Pharmaceutical companies to determine effectiveness of new drugs in different groups of

populations. Utilizing the concept of Pharmacogenomics would reduce the number of deaths as

well as hospitalization cases owing to adverse drug reactions. This would avoid purchase of

ineffective drugs for individuals on the basis of genetic variation. Moreover, use of this concept

would speed up the clinical trials for new drugs.

At present there is a strong need of spreading the concept of Pharmacogenomics among

Pharmaceutical teachers through changes in syllabi they teach and also Pharmaceutical scientists

through research project allotments focused on Pharmacogenomics. This integrated step and its

outcomes would help in eliminating chances of adverse effects on human body, ensuring the

safety and effectiveness of personalized medicines.


August 22, 2014


MIS-22

ANTIDOTE FOR OPIUM POISONING

Anjali , Dr. A.C.Rana , Dr. Dhirender Kaushik , Mrs. Manjusha Chaudhary

Institute Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra

[email protected]

Abstract

Opoids are the commonly misused substances by drug abusers around the world. Opoids come in

various forms like; Morphine, Codeine, Pethidine, Dihydrocodeine. Opids are a class of drugs

derived from the extracts of plant–Opium poppy (from the dried latex of plant Papever

somniferum). Opium contains approximately 12% of analgesic alkaloid Morphine, which is

processed chemically to produce Heroin and other synthetic opoids for medical use and for

illegal drug trade. Pharmacologically they are used as analgesics but they give a feeling of

euphoria and a degree of sedation. These side effects are the cause of Abuse of opoids . An opoid

overdose is an acute condition due to excessive use of narcotics. The Administration routes are

Oral, Inhalational (smoking), Intramuscular, Intravenous ,Subcutaneous ,I ntrathecal . Sign and

symptoms of Opium Poisoning is i.e. Decrease level of consciousness (calm the patient),

Decrease pinpoint pupil, Respiratory depression, Decrease in heart rate, Blue lips and nails are

caused by insufficient oxygen in the blood, Seizures, Muscle spasms. Antidote for Opium

Poisoning are, Potassium Permanganate was discovered by Dr. Moor as an antidote for opium

poisoning. Gastric Lavage treatment is used to remove unabsorbed drug (poison) by using

antidote. Naloxone and its variant Naltrexone was used for treating opium poisoning. It primarily

meant to treat opoid and alcohol dependence. Naloxone dose was given 0.4-0.8 mg IV

(intravenously) for adult and 0.01 mg for children .This antidote was repeated in two minutes

until pupil dilates and respiration picks up. In earlier times Coffee was used as only antidote for

opium poisoning.

MIS-23

“EVOLUTION OF PHARMACY PRACTICE”

Gaganpreet Kaur ̽

Guru Gobind Singh College Of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar


Abstract

The Practice of Pharmacy has been undergoing dramatic changes in recent years, in a number of

areas. A main trend has been the need to modernize and automate the production, packaging,

distribution, and provision of drugs, particularly of prescription drugs, which have to be

monitored and secured at all times. Pharmacy Practice concern the proliferation of new and

exciting areas of practice, the effects of e-commerce on the profession and the emergence of

virtual pharmacies, the use of automated technology and technicians for dispensing functions and




August 22, 2014


shifts in the pharmacist labor supply.Thedynamic evolution of pharmacy practice, as seen

through the eyes of new professional students, encompasses the need for improvements in

medication safety access to pharmaceutical care, reducing the incidence of adverse drug events,

enhancing cultural competence in the deliver of care, incorporating the prudent use of technology

and supportive personnel, the acquisition of advanced training for delivering pharmaceutical

care, involvement in disease state management, and the delivery of medication therapy

management services.

MIS-23

NOSOCOMIAL DISEASES OR HOSPITAL ACQUIRED DISEASES

Bhumika Gupta

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar

Email id: [email protected]

Abstract:

The „Nosocomial diseases‟ may be regarded as the ones which originate from the hospital,

acquired in a hospital, especially in reference to infection. The term "nosocomial" comes from

two Greek words: "nosus" meaning "disease" + "komeion" meaning "to take care of." Hence,

"nosocomial" should apply to any disease contracted by a patient while under medical care.

However, common usage of the term "nosocomial" is now synonymous with hospital-acquired.

Nosocomial infections are infections that have been caught in a hospital and are potentially

caused by organisms that are resistant to antibiotics. A bacterium named Clostridium difficile is

now recognized as the chief cause of nosocomial diarrohea in the US and Europe. Methicillin-

resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that is resistant to certain

antibiotics and may be

acquired during hospitalization. In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and

Prevention estimated roughly 1.7million hospital-associated infections, from all types of

microorganisms, including bacteria, cause or contribute to 99,000 deaths each year. In hospitals

staff themselves act as a vector in transferring the infections to either the in patients and out

patients who come for treatment as well. Various modes of transmission of infection may

include: contact transmission, droplet transmission, airbone transmission and common vehicle

transmission. The nosocomial diseases may be prevented by various methods such as:

Monitoring the proper hygiene of the hospital premises as well the quality air inlet, Proper

sanitation as well the clean uniforms of the staff including gloves, aprons etc., Alcohol rubs may

also be used, the waste of the hospital must be disposed off properly, Isolation of the severely

wounded patients must be maintained such as burnt cases and severely infected patients.


http://www.medicinenet.com/diarrhea/article.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microorganism

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteria


August 22, 2014


MIS-25

SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE VARIATION IN BRAIN PHANTOM DUE TO

EXPOSURE BY A 3G MOBILE PHONE

Vandana

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar


Abstract:

3G mobile phone frequency (1718.5MHz) and the emitted radiation directed toward brain

phantom. The induced fields in the phantom material are measured. Set up to lift the plane

carrying the mobile phone is run by a pulley whose motion is controlled by a stepper motor.

Binaural beats may influence functions of the brain in ways of those related to hearing. This

phenomenon is called "frequency following response". The concept is that if one receives a

stimulus with a frequency in the range of brain waves. Human hearing is limited to the range of

frequencies from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz, but the frequencies of human brain waves are below about

40 Hz.Beat frequencies of 40 Hz have been produced in the brain with binaural sound and

measured experimentally. International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC) classified mobile

phone radiation as Group 2B - possibly carcinogenic (not Group 2A - probably carcinogenic)

that means that there "could be some risk" of carcinogenicity. The WHO added that "to date, no

adverse health effects have been established as being caused by mobile phone use. Mobile phone

causes many effect shows on brain .It found a leakage of albumin into the brain via a

permeated blood–brain barrier. Glioma or meningioma was observed with use of mobile phones.

There were suggestions of an increased risk of glioma at the highest exposure levels, but biases

and error prevent a causal interpretation. It is concluded that SAR values are sensitive to the

angular position of the moving platform and are well below the safety criteria prescribed for

human exposure.


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Agency_for_Research_on_Cancer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_IARC_Group_2B_carcinogens

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Health_Organization

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albumin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood%E2%80%93brain_barrier

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