Academic + Finishing Skills Week 2 History of Print Production - An Introduction...

Academic + Finishing SkillsWeek 2

History of Print Production -

An Introduction

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BBCD Melbourne BAPDCOM Version 1 - October, 2012 http://bbcdcomdes.weebly.com/

Finishing SkillsTopics for today:

Brief History of Print Print Production before computers

Questionairre


Finishing Skills – Print History


Finishing Skills – History of Print

Today we’ll look at four printing methods - fill in the worksheets as we go.


Finishing Skills – History of Print

Relief printing: ink lies on a raised surface but not in the grooves,

and is transferred to paper by pressure.

Woodcut and letterpress are examples.

Substrate: Any surface onto which you can print. Eg. Paper and

plastic. P190 ‘Production for Graphic Designers’ by Allan Pipes, 4yh Edition published by Laurence King Publishing


Type: fonts and type faces.Does anyone know the difference? Lots of writing set into a page is called copy.

http://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/models/chinahist/images/print4.jpg


http://vclass.mgt.psu.ac.th/~parinya/MM/artlessons/g_romanesque.htmlhttp://www2.sunysuffolk.edu/oconnog/story/illumman.html


http://vclass.mgt.psu.ac.th/~parinya/MM/artlessons/g_romanesque.html

http://invitationsbyajalon.com/blog/tag/history-of-letterpress/


http://www.loc.gov/rr/asian/collections.html


Albrecht Durer

http://mirappraisal.wordpress.com/2010/09/21/the-art-of-collecting-prints/


“The Great Wave off Kanagawa,” produced by the Japanese artist Hokusai in 1832.http://www.hlswatch.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/the_great_wave_off_kanagawa1.jpg


http://media.thethousands.com.au/media_versions/2012/11/14/02/15/03/188/3tshop355HungryWorkshop03.jpg


Beci Orpin / Hungry Workshop

http://papercrave.com/2012-valentine%E2%80%99s-day-cards-part-4/


Linotype: a type setting machine that can cast a line of type line o’type (or slug) in one operation.

http://blass.com.au/definitions/typesetting%20machine.http://textblock.blogspot.com/2008/11/linotype-machine.html


Monotype: a type setting machine that casts single letters of metal typeBBCD Melbourne BAPDCOM Version 1 - October, 2012 http://bbcdcomdes.weebly.com/

Intaglio printing process: Images are scratched into a surface where the ink remains. The image is printed onto damp paper under pressure. Plates were first copper then steel and the etching was first done by sharp instruments then acid. Engraving, mezzotint and etching are examples.

P190 ‘Production for Graphic Designers’ by Allan Pipes, 4yh Edition published by Laurence King Publishing


http://www.aboriginalartprints.com.au/printmaking_techniques.php?printmaking_id=1BBCD Melbourne BAPDCOM Version 1 - October, 2012

http://bbcdcomdes.weebly.com/

http://www.aboriginalartprints.com.au/printmaking_techniques.php?printmaking_id=1


http://www.janicesheehan.com/printinganetching.html


Planographic printing process:

is based on the principle that oil and water do not mix.

It is a versatile process that all happens on a flat surface.

Plates were first stone then metal. Offset lithography (litho) is

an example. Greasy ink is transferred from a dampened plate

onto a rubber or plastic blanket and then to paper.P190 ‘Production for Graphic Designers’ by Allan Pipes, 4yh Edition published by Laurence King Publishing


Plate: a metal or plastic sheet with photo sensitive face

onto which an image is chemically etched changing the characteristics

of the surface or cutting below the surface.

Blanket: the intermediate rubber roller on an off-set lithography press

which transfers the image from the plate to the paper.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen_printing


Offset Lithography

http://a-mushtaq1114-dc.blogspot.com.au/2012/11/offset-lithography.html


Offset Lithography:

Offset Printers are commercial printing machines, that can

either be called “Web Offset” or “Sheet-fed Offset” depending

on the source of paper that they use.


Web Offset Lithography:

Is a form of offset printing in which a continuous roll of paper

is fed through the printing press.

Pages are separated and cut to size after they have been

printed. Web offset printing is used for high-volume

publications such as mass-market books, magazines,

newspapers, catalogs and brochures. There are two methods

of web offset printing, known as heatset and coldset.


Heatset Web offset printing is a printing process in which ink is dried rapidly by forced-air heating.


Coldset Web offset printing is a web offset printing process in which ink is allowed to dry naturally through evaporation and absorption.


(Is this a “sheet fed” or a “web offset” printer?)


Sheet-fed offset printing is a method in

which individual pages of paper are fed into

the machine, as opposed to continuous rolls

of paper used on web presses. Sheet-fed

presses come in different sizes.


Quick printers often use the small presses which print on letter size pages.


The larger commercial sheet-fed presses handle much

larger sheets of paper.

Sheet-fed presses can also print on cardstock, plastics,

metal, and other substrates.


Offset Lithography – 4 colour

hhttp://www.plaintalkprint.com/articles/printing-technologies.htm


Offset Lithography – spot colour

hhttp://www.plaintalkprint.com/articles/printing-technologies.htm


Computer to plate

Digital Offset Printing involves Computer-to-plate (CTP) a technology

that allows the imaging of metal or polyester plates without the use of

film (which was a more labour intensive process).

Most CTP systems use thermal imaging, though some use violet light based systems. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_to_plate


Screen printing process:

a stencil is supported on a mesh or screen;

ink is forced through the open mesh but is prevented

from meeting the non-image areas of the paper by a stencil.

Silk screen printing is an example.

P190 ‘Production for Graphic Designers’ by Allan Pipes, 4yh Edition published by Laurence King Publishing


Silk screen printing

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen_printing


Silk screen printing



Digital printing

Commercial Digital Print was introduced c. 1993. Instead of printing to metal plates, the E-Print created a latent image on the Photo Imaging Plate (PIP) through the use of an elecrostatic charge. This charged area would then attract the charged ElectroInk, which would in turn be transferred to the ITM or blanket, and then again transfer from the blanket to the paper or other substrate. Because 100% of the ink transfers from PIP to blanket to substrate, a different image and color could be printed with each rotation of the press.


Commercial Digital printing

http://www.erawanet.com/images/hp_series2000.jpg



Depending on the system, a commercial digital printer

can either use liquid ink or dry toner.

http://www.colorprintingforum.com/indigo-digital-press/hp-indigo-vs-konica-minolta-biz-hub-pro-1012.html



HP Indigo 7600 Digital Press: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqOYlnyGBs4

http://www.colorprintingforum.com/indigo-digital-press/hp-indigo-vs-konica-minolta-biz-hub-pro-1012.html


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eqOYlnyGBs4






Digital printing

Digital printing allows for “Print on Demand” (POD) delivery,

eliminating the need to print hundreds or thousands of

objects before going to market.



Digital printing

Objects that are commonly used in POD projects

include books and t-shirts / apparel.


Digital printing

This POD unit has two printers as well as a collator and a binder. A book can be

produced within 5 – 20 minutes, depending on the number of pages.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Print_on_Demand


Digital printing

Internet based companies such as Red Bubble allow for one-off tshirts to be

produced to quality standards similar to screen printing.

http://www.redbubble.com/people/redbubble/journal/4104873-product-review-the-t-shirt


What do you think are the advantages of Digital

vs. the other methods of printing mentioned?

What are the disadvantages?


Advantages of Digital

Shorter turnaround.

More accuracy, less waste and fewer variations.

Cheaper low volume printing. While the unit cost of each

piece may be higher than with offset printing, when setup

costs are included digital printing provides lower per unit

costs for very small print runs.

Customisable - Text and graphics can be changed on each

piece without stopping or slowing down the press. For

example, personalized letters can be printed with a

different name and address on each letter


Advantages of Traditional Offset

High image quality.

Works on a wide range of substrates

including paper, wood, cloth, metal, leather, rough paper

and plastic.

Cheaper for large quantities

While today’s digital presses are close to the cost/benefit

ratio of offset for high quality work, they are not yet able to

compete with the volume an offset press can produce.

Many modern offset presses use computer-to-plate systems

as opposed to the older computer-to-film work flows,

further increasing quality.


Finishing Skills – Print HistoryB.C – Before computers


Finishing Skills – Print History


Homework

Make sure you have completed the work

sheets:

Print History Questionairre, p. 1-3


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Academic + Finishing Skills Week 2 History of Print Production - An Introduction...

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