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Academic Year Undergraduate Research
Connor Rosen – Sophomore, ChemistryPrastuti Singh – Junior, Physics
Candace Rypisi – Office of Student-Faculty ProgramsJohn Dabiri – Professor of Aeronautics and Bioengineering
Harry Gray – Professor of ChemistryThomas Tombrello – Professor of Physics
Why research?
The mission of the California Institute of Technology is to expand human knowledge and benefit society through research integrated with education. We investigate the most challenging, fundamental problems in science and technology in a singularly collegial, interdisciplinary atmosphere, while educating outstanding students to become creative members of society.
Are we succeeding?
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 20140
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90Percentage of students applying for and receiving SURFs
% Acceptance% Students applying
Year
Are we succeeding?
Student survey:
90% of students enter Caltech interested in research58% did research before coming to Caltech50% do academic-year research at Caltech (excluding freshmen)
Why is the percentage of students doing research lower?
Why don’t students do research?
Top reasons for not doing academic-year research:• #1 – No time – 72%• #2 – Inability to find a research group – 29%• #3 – No interest in academic-year research – 17%
Top reasons for not doing summer research:• #1 – Industrial internships – 43%• #2 – Off-campus research at other universities – 29%• #3 – Tried but unable to get a SURF (rejected, no response
from profs, etc) – 16%
“I have no time to do research”
You can make time for research if you prioritize it.
Once students are involved in research, they tend to stay involved.
What we need: a mentality shift to emphasize research
Getting students involved
Our #1 priority should be to get students involved in research early on
Reminder: Nearly 60% of students did research before coming here
Why shouldn’t they be able to continue as freshmen?
What is effective?
• Pizza courses
• SURF Announcements of Opportunity
• Upperclassmen recommendations
• Advisor / faculty recommendations
Pizza coursesPizza course model: Ch10abc
Lunch seminars, lab tours after each presentation
Particular benefits:Lab tours allow students to see what doing that particular research would be like on a day-to-day basisDescription of expectations for courses, knowledge needed allows students to plan ahead and prepare for research
Ch10c: Research course for credit – fulfills advanced lab requirement in Chemistry major, also includes discussion component
Pizza courses
Key components of a successful pizza course:
• Presentations should be interesting and geared towards freshmen• Students should be able to understand what the process of doing research in the field is like• Students should be made aware of requirements to succeed in the field so they can better prepare
Faculty / advisor recommendations
Faculty have a broad base of knowledge about research at Caltech and may know particular details about work that isn’t public
Freshmen advisors in particular can push freshmen to explore research opportunities early on (1st, 2nd term) before SURFs
Faculty / advisor recommendations
Ways freshman advisors can help:
• Point out research for work-study option (>50% of students on work study, <10% of students do research for work study)• Help freshmen find research• Help freshmen learn to do research while also taking courses – this can be a difficult balancing act
Faculty / advisor recommendations
One major recommendation faculty can make: explain importance of research in future career plans
Research is a key component of admission to grad school
Long-term research can result in better letters or even publications – both of which are tremendous additions to a CV
Faculty / advisor recommendations
SURF mentors: discuss continuation of SURFs into coming academic year
Many students do summer research – why not continue?
Often students will SURF in preparation for a senior thesis – but imagine 3 years of research in the same lab as preparation
SURF AOs
Detailed SURF AOs can help students see what is needed for a project
When AOs are listed well in advance, students can prepare for or even begin research before the summer
For students: begin looking for a SURF early!
SURF AOs
Exploration of research outside primary field, interdisciplinary research – see JPL opportunities
Students, particularly freshmen, should be willing to take risks and explore early on to learn what they like
You never know until you try!
Upperclassmen
Upperclassmen can share their experiences, recruit freshmen to their labs
Encourage freshmen to look early for a SURF
You’ve been to seminars, taken classes, heard professors talk – you can say who is doing interesting and exciting work, and what helped you prepare to do work in that field
Seminars / Colloquia
These are frequent presentations throughout the year from people all over the country and world
These can help students be a part of the broader world of science outside Caltech – and find off-campus SURFs!
Professors – encourage students to attend seminars – particularly when the speaker is someone excellent or renowned
Upperclassmen – if you go to a seminar, encourage freshmen to come along and see
Mentality – in summary
Upperclassmen and professor can both play a major role in helping freshmen find research and get involved earlyIf you are involved in research, you will make time to stay involvedBeing involved with science and research can mean more than just lab work – read journals, go to seminars and group meetings, talk to grad students
Short term recommendations
• Improve pizza courses to help students understand what actually doing research is like• Freshmen advisors – push students towards research and help them find and balance research• Improve SURF AOs, get students started looking earlier (upperclassmen and professors can do this)• SURF mentors – discuss continuation of SURF into academic year (and students, you can bring this up too)
Long term proposalGive students a common set of skills for research
60% of students come in with a research background – yet they, and others without that background, can still benefit from learning to think critically about research
No reason that we can’t give those students who haven’t been exposed to research before Caltech all the tools they need to match those who have
Improve student confidence in looking for research, help them “hit the ground running” once they do find a position
Common skills in research
• Ability to read papers and gather important points• Ability to find papers on a given subject• Ability to analyze and critique data• Ability to think about problems that aren’t in textbooks or already solved (think Ph11 hurdles)• Ability to summarize results and present them
All things SURF tries to teach – but in a 10 week period also full of research!
“Prep for research” course goals
Read papers – deconstruct them and connect figures with text, restate the abstract, discuss future work and implicationsAttend seminars – see how practicing scientists communicate, summarize and restate Investigate novel problems – discuss methods for examining hypotheses that might be “out there” with no clear experimental path forward – Ph11-esque problems
Freshmen seminars
Small (<15 students) courses for freshmen in area of faculty member’s choiceInclude novel research as a component of the course – discuss new changes to the field, look at experiments being done, read contemporary literaturePush the boundaries of what is normally taught in lecture – ask open-ended, “what if” questions