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Function:
I. Make pancreatic juices-i)Sodium bicarbonate( NaHCO3) : neutralizes chyme
ii) Enzymes:-pancreatic amylase (starch)-trypsin (proteins-lipase ( fats)
Juices travel to duodenum via duct from pancreas
i) INSULIN RESPONSE
1)You eat a meal2)Levels of glucose in blood rise3)Pancreas releases INSULIN4)CELLS take up sugar & LIVER forms glycogen
from excess glucose5)Blood sugars lower
ii) GLUCAGON RESPONSE
1)You have NOT eaten in a long time…2)Levels of glucose in blood DROP3)Pancreas releases GLUCAGON4)Liver breaks down glycogen to release
glucose 5)Blood sugar levels RISE
Liver
• Large, in top right of abdomen
• 2 main lobes
• *100,000 smaller `lobules` form structural units
• Blood vessels from villi in sm. intestine merge into HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN which leads to the liver
6 Functions of the LIVER
1. Detoxifies Blood - removes poisonous substances
- Also removes & stores iron, vitamins A,D,E, K
2. Helps Maintain Glucose Levels- homeostasis= 100mg glucose/100ml
-after eating stores glucose as glycogen-between meals breaks down glycogen to release glucose
3. Produces Bile -to break down (emulsify) fat
6 Functions of the Liver
4) Breaks down hemoglobin in Red Blood Cells -forms bilirubin -pigment in bile
5) Makes Urea -from broken down amino acids
6) Makes blood proteins -from amino acids
Gallbladder
• Small, Pear-shaped Sac• Below Liver
• FXN:• Stores & Releases bile • Bile travels via duct to duodenum• Bile emulsifies fat (breaks globs into small drops)