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Accounting and Financial Reporting Trends T.J. Boyle June 20, 2013 Relationships backed by performance.
Accounting and Financial Reporting TrendsT.J. Boyle
June 20, 2013
Relationships backed by performance.
What’s New
• Leases• Revenue Recognition• Derivatives• Other Comprehensive Income• AICPA Accounting for Small and
Midsize Companies (SME’s)
Leases• Potentially biggest accounting
changes in decades!!• What’s the big deal
– Debt covenants– Industries – leasing companies
Lease Accounting
• Biggest item – capitalize all leases• Slow moving to finalize
– 2010 – exposure draft– May 2013 – updated exposure draft
• Comment period until September
Lease Accounting
• Core principle – Entity would recognize assets and liabilities for all leases
• Right to use asset – which is depreciated
• Lease liability – which has an interest component
Types of Leases• Type A lease – leases other than
property (ex. Equipment, vehicles, etc.)– Recognize a right-of-use asset and a
lease liability, initially measured at the present value of lease payments
– Recognize the unwinding of the discount on the lease liability as interest separately from the amortization of the right-of-use asset.
Types of Leases (cont.)
• Type B lease - leases of property (land and/or a building or part of a building)– Recognize a right-of-use asset and a
lease liability, initially measured at the present value of lease payments
– Recognize a single lease cost, combining the unwinding of the discount on the lease liability with the amortization of the right-of-use asset, on a straight-line basis.
Leases – Income Statement
• Type A - Lessees may present amortization and interest expense separately or combined with other amort. & int. If combined must disclose in notes.
• Type B- Lessees would present lease expense as a single line item of lease expense.
Leases – Cash Flows
• Type A – would be recorded with interest in operating and principal in financing (similar to debt)
• Type B – Cash payments for lease payments would be presented in operating.
Short term leases• As an accounting policy decision, a lessee
may recognize the lease payments in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
• Similar to an operating lease.• At the commencement date has a
maximum possible term, including any options to extend of 12 months or less.
• Cannot have purchase option.
Lessors - Practical View
• For lessors the practical classification for type A and type B leases is whether or not the lease term is expected to consume a significant portion of the economic benefits embedded in the underlying assets
Lessor• Type A lease
– Derecognize the underlying asset and recognize a right to receive lease payments and a residual asset
– Recognize the unwinding of the discount on both the lease receivable and the residual asset as interest income over the lease term
– Recognize any profit relating to the lease at the commencement date.
Lessor
• Type B lease– Continue to recognize underlying asset– Recognize lease income over the term,
typically a straight line basis
Revenue Recognition• Entity should recognize revenue to depict
the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services
• Overall should not effect pork producers significantly
Revenue• 1. Step 1: Identify contract w/ customer. • 2. Step 2: Identify separate performance
obligations in the contract. • 3. Step 3: Determine the transaction price. • 4. Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to
the separate performance obligations• 5. Step 5: Recognize revenue when (or
as) performance obligation is satisfied.
Derivatives• Changes in the last few years are for
disclosures• Must track transactions through year
Derivatives – Key disclosures• Reason for derivative instrument• Volume of activity • Fair value on a gross basis• By type (cash flow hedges, fair value
hedges, undesignated positions)• Gains and loss (for cash flow hedge
must show by effective and ineffective portion)
Other Comprehensive Income• Presentation Change
– No longer allowed to include in Statement of Equity
– Options• Continuous part of income statement• Separate but consecutive statement
• Must show by components• In future must disclose in OCI –
additional reclassification information
Other New GAAP Pronouncements
• Most are very industry or event specific.
• 2013-01 – Balance Sheet – Offsetting – Show gross amounts as disclosure
• 2012 - Goodwill and indefinite lived intangibles – now can use qualitative assessment
New Basis of Reporting• 2013 – AICPA release Financial
Reporting Framework for Small & Midsized Entities (SME’s)
• Purpose – To be a more usable framework for small business owners and their users
• This is not GAAP
Benefits• Cost beneficial• Stable framework• Designed for SME’s• Concepts based
Who is a SME?• For profit company• Does not have regulatory reporting
requirements• Owners and management do not
intend on going public• Does not engage in overly complex
accounting• Does not have significant foreign
ops.
Key Similarities GAAP• Financial statements include
Financial Position, Income, Equity and Cash flow (although it is allowed to just have one such as financial position)
• Notes are still required to make them understandable
• Many of the basics remain the same
Key Differences to U.S. GAAP• Start-up costs –
– GAAP – expense as incurred. – SME- policy decision – expense or
amortize over 15 years• Goodwill –
– GAAP do not amortize, assess for impairment,
– SME – amortize on income tax method or 15 years
Key Differences (cont.)• Stock Compensation
– GAAP – measure expense at FV, numerous disclosures and calculations
– SMEs – no recognition• Taxes
– GAAP – deferred tax method– SMES – policy decision for deferred tax
or taxes payable method• Taxes payable – only current amounts
due/owed
Key Differences (cont.)• Consolidation –
– GAAP – based on control– SMEs – policy decision to consolidate or
use equity method• Leases
– GAAP – looking to change as discussed earlier
– SME’s – essentially no change from current GAAP
Key Differences (cont.)• Push-down accounting
– GAAP – little info, SEC allows when control changes 80%
– SME’s allows when change is 50%• Derivatives
– GAAP – record at fair value– SME’s - recognize the net cash paid or
received at settlement.
Key Differences (cont.)• Investments
– GAAP – Equity Method, Cost Method and Fair Value Option
– SME’s – no fair value option, fewer required disclosures for Equity Method
• Changes in accounting policies– GAAP – retrospective application
required– SME’s – retrospective application not
required when it is impracticable
Questions?
