AchievementsAchievements and problems and problems of the Red Data Book of the of the Red Data Book of the Republic of Karelia (2007) : Republic of Karelia (2007) :

events during the last 7 events during the last 7 years (2008-2014)years (2008-2014)

Alexey V. Kravchenko, Anatoliy I. Maksimov & Alexey V. Kravchenko, Anatoliy I. Maksimov &

Margarita A. FadeevaMargarita A. Fadeeva Karelian Research Centre, Institute of Forestry & Karelian Research Centre, Institute of Forestry &

Institute ofInstitute of Biology,Biology, PetrozavodskPetrozavodskkravchenko@ krc.karelia.ru; maksimov_tolya@mail.rukravchenko@ krc.karelia.ru; maksimov_tolya@mail.ru

Customer: Customer: The Ministry of Nature The Ministry of Nature Management and Ecology of the Management and Ecology of the

Republic of Karelia Republic of Karelia

33 projects were conducted projects were conducted:: 2012 2012 «Estimation of the state of objects of the «Estimation of the state of objects of the

plant and animal kingdom, listened in the Red plant and animal kingdom, listened in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Karelia» (2 projects)Data Book of the Republic of Karelia» (2 projects)

2013 г. 2013 г. «Estimation of the state of «Estimation of the state of selected selected objects of the plant (and fungi) kingdom, objects of the plant (and fungi) kingdom, simultaneouslysimultaneously listened in the Red Data Book of listened in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Karelia and the Red Data Book of the Republic of Karelia and the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation»the Russian Federation»

Vascular plantsVascular plantsThe followings changes are offered:The followings changes are offered:2 species must be excluded, one of which – 2 species must be excluded, one of which – Cotoneaster integerrimus Cotoneaster integerrimus

Medik.) does not occur in Karelia, and was reported instead of Medik.) does not occur in Karelia, and was reported instead of Cotoneaster antoninaeCotoneaster antoninae; second species - ; second species - Schedonorus giganteus Schedonorus giganteus (L.) (L.) Soreng. & Tzvel. =Soreng. & Tzvel. =Festuca gigantea Festuca gigantea L.) is known only as a L.) is known only as a introduced plant, therefore can not be listed in the RDB.introduced plant, therefore can not be listed in the RDB.

1 species must be included - 1 species must be included - Festuca altissima Festuca altissima All.=All.=Drymochloa Drymochloa sylvatica sylvatica (Poll.) Holub, which was recently discovered in two (Poll.) Holub, which was recently discovered in two isolated localities ca 450 N from the main area of distribution isolated localities ca 450 N from the main area of distribution

To change the category for To change the category for 1212 speciesspeciesTo change the category for all species under the category LC used To change the category for all species under the category LC used

erroniously in the RDB of 2007. In spite of the fact that IUCN erroniously in the RDB of 2007. In spite of the fact that IUCN categories are not obligatory to implement in the RDB of Russian categories are not obligatory to implement in the RDB of Russian Federation and subjects of Russian Federation, they are usually Federation and subjects of Russian Federation, they are usually specified almost in all regional Red Data Books of subjects of specified almost in all regional Red Data Books of subjects of Russian Federation published in the last decade, including Karelia. Russian Federation published in the last decade, including Karelia. For all 59 species with a «illegitimate» category LC than category For all 59 species with a «illegitimate» category LC than category was changed : 9 species were got category 3 (NT), and other 50 was changed : 9 species were got category 3 (NT), and other 50 species were included inspecies were included in the next «illegitimate» group of species the next «illegitimate» group of species named «need of monitoring» named «need of monitoring»

Red-listed Red-listed mossesmosses

Red Data Book of Karelia’ (2007) has 89 mosses , 52 Red Data Book of Karelia’ (2007) has 89 mosses , 52 liverworts and 1 hornwort. liverworts and 1 hornwort.

Regionally Extinct (RE)Regionally Extinct (RE) – 2 species (Schistidium flaccidum, – 2 species (Schistidium flaccidum, Pleuridium subulatum).Pleuridium subulatum).

Critically Endangered (CRCritically Endangered (CR) – 8 species (Conardia compacta, ) – 8 species (Conardia compacta, Bryum knowltoniiBryum knowltonii, , Encalypta mutica, Orthotrichum Encalypta mutica, Orthotrichum urnigerum,urnigerum, Plasteurhynchium striatulum, Plasteurhynchium striatulum, Sepoleskea Sepoleskea confervoides, confervoides, Tayloria splachnoides, Timmia bavarica) Tayloria splachnoides, Timmia bavarica)

Endangered (EN)Endangered (EN) – 25 species (Amblyodon dealbatus, – 25 species (Amblyodon dealbatus, Andreaea crassinervia, Antitrichia curtipendula, Andreaea crassinervia, Antitrichia curtipendula, Orthotrichum urnigerum, Seligeria subimmersa etc.)Orthotrichum urnigerum, Seligeria subimmersa etc.)

Neckera pennataNeckera pennata

Vulnerable (VU)Vulnerable (VU) – – 17 species (17 species (Conardia compacta, Conardia compacta, Coscinodon cribrosus, Dicranodontium denudatum, Coscinodon cribrosus, Dicranodontium denudatum, Eurhynchium angustirete, Gymnostomum boreale, Myrinia Eurhynchium angustirete, Gymnostomum boreale, Myrinia pulvinata, Paraleucobryum sauteri, Sphagnum affine, pulvinata, Paraleucobryum sauteri, Sphagnum affine, S.molle, S.palustre, Timmia bavarica, Zygodon rupestrisS.molle, S.palustre, Timmia bavarica, Zygodon rupestris etetcc..).).

Near Threatened (NT)Near Threatened (NT) – – 34 species (Aulacomnium 34 species (Aulacomnium turgidum, Bryum arcticum, Bucklandiella heterosticha, turgidum, Bryum arcticum, Bucklandiella heterosticha, Campyliadelphus elodes, Campylophyllum halleri, Campyliadelphus elodes, Campylophyllum halleri, Didymodon icmadophilus, Polytrichum hyperboreum,Didymodon icmadophilus, Polytrichum hyperboreum, Pseudephemerum nitidum etc.). Pseudephemerum nitidum etc.).

Least concern (LC)Least concern (LC) – 5 species (Grimmia icurva, – 5 species (Grimmia icurva, Herzogiella striatella, Neckera pennata, Plagiomnium Herzogiella striatella, Neckera pennata, Plagiomnium drummondii, Tayloria lingulata).drummondii, Tayloria lingulata).

Eurhynchium angustirete Neckera crispa Ctenidium molluscum

Currently the new edition of ’Red Data Currently the new edition of ’Red Data Book of Republic of Karelia’ is preparing. Book of Republic of Karelia’ is preparing. The recent moss species list was revised, The recent moss species list was revised, 1 moss species was excluded while 1 1 moss species was excluded while 1 liverwort sp and 11 rare moss spp were liverwort sp and 11 rare moss spp were added to the list on the base of recent added to the list on the base of recent studies. Therefore the list including 1 studies. Therefore the list including 1 hornwort, 53 liverworts and 96 mosses hornwort, 53 liverworts and 96 mosses were proposed for enlisting into the new were proposed for enlisting into the new edition of ’Red Data Book of Republic of edition of ’Red Data Book of Republic of Karelia’.Karelia’.

The list of the mosses which are offered for including in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Karelia

Species Categories by data for 2012

Last records

Dichoton integerrimum (Lindb.) H.Buch 2/EN ?

Dicranum acutifolium (Lindb. & Arnell) C.E.O. Jensen

3/NT 1997

Didymodon ferrugineus (Schimp. ex Besch.) M.O. Hill

3/NT 2000

Encalypta procera Bruch 3/NT 1997

E. spathulata C. Müll. 1/СR 1936

Plagiothecium latebricola B.S.G. 3/NT 1977

Schistidium canadense (Dupr.) Ignatova et H.H. Blom

2/EN 1999

Schistidium confusum H.H. Blom 2/EN 1997

S. frisvollianum H.H. Blom. 3/VU 2000

S. subjulaceum H.H. Blom 3/VU 1988

Timmia comata Lindb. et Arnell 3/NT 1990

Ulota hutchinsiae (Sm.) Hammar 2/EN 1990

Total number 12

Вид

Categories by data for 2012

Categories according to RDBRK (2007)

Last records

Atrichum flavisetum Mitt. 3/VU 2/EN 2008

Dicranodontium denudatum (Brid.) Britt.

1/CR 2/EN 1969

Grimmia incurva Schwaegr. 3/NT 3/LC 2003

G. montana Bruch & Schimp. 3/VU 3/NT 1937

G. reflexidens Muell. Hal. 3/VU 3/NT 1990

Herzogiella striatella (Brid.) Iwats.

3/NT 3/LC 2006

Orthotrichum cupulatum Brid. 2/EN 3/NT 1876

Physcomitrium sphaericum (Ludw.) Brid.

1/CR 2/EN 1937

Seligeria donniana (Sm.) C. Müll.

3/VU 3/NT 1937

S. tristichoides Kindb. 3/VU 3/NT 1938

Serpoleskea confervoides (Brid.) Loeske

2/EN 1/CR 2000

Sphagnum auriculatum Schimp. 3/VU 2/EN 2006

Splachnum vasculosum Hedw. 3/VU 3/NT 1989

The list of the mosses needing to change the categories

Sph..auriculatum

Species Categories according to RDBRK (2007)

Last records

Meesia longiseta Hedw. –– ?

Neckera pennata Hedw. 3/LC 2007

Plagiomnium drummondii (Bruch et Schimp.) T. Kop.

3/LC 2014

Tayloria lingulata (Dicks.) Lindb. 3/LC 1997

Итого: 4

The list of the mosses needing in monitoring

370 species (74%) of moss flora of Rebublic 370 species (74%) of moss flora of Rebublic of Karelia were recorded in the protected of Karelia were recorded in the protected areas of Republic. The highest number of areas of Republic. The highest number of red-listedred-listed species was found inside species was found inside Panaajärvi National Park (35 species). Panaajärvi National Park (35 species).

During the last 15 years 49 of 89 species, During the last 15 years 49 of 89 species, included in ’Red Data Book of Rebublic of included in ’Red Data Book of Rebublic of Karelia’ on the base of old records made by Karelia’ on the base of old records made by Finnish bryologists, were found again. Finnish bryologists, were found again. Occurence of the other species needs to be Occurence of the other species needs to be proved.proved. For this purpose it is necessary to For this purpose it is necessary to visit earlier known places of visit earlier known places of growinggrowing 40 40 red-red-listedlisted mosses. mosses.

Conservation

Project 2013 : «Estimation of the Project 2013 : «Estimation of the state of state of selected selected objects of the objects of the plant (and fungi) kingdom, plant (and fungi) kingdom, simultaneouslysimultaneously listened in the Red listened in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Data Book of the Republic of Karelia and the Red Data Book of Karelia and the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation»the Russian Federation» General tasks:General tasks:

Estimation of the state of objects of the plant Estimation of the state of objects of the plant kingdom (plants + fungi), included in the Red kingdom (plants + fungi), included in the Red Data Book of the Republic of Karelia and the Data Book of the Republic of Karelia and the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation, on Red Data Book of the Russian Federation, on biological criteria; biological criteria;

Determination of meaningfulness of these Determination of meaningfulness of these objects for the maintenance of biological objects for the maintenance of biological diversity; diversity;

Estimation of socio-economic and technological Estimation of socio-economic and technological aspects of maintenance of these objectsaspects of maintenance of these objects

ProblemsProblems IUCN Red List Criteria for evaluation

of the state of plant species, listened in the regional RDB, and which are based mainly on the population size (number of individuals) and other fitches of population (like population size reduction over the last 10 years or three generations, reduction of number of locations or subpopulations; reduction of number of mature individuals, etc.) have been developed for the animals. Application of many criteria for the evaluation of the state of plants is limited, and sometimes totally impossible.

ConclusionsConclusions

Assessment the status of protected plant & fungi Assessment the status of protected plant & fungi species in 2013 shows that according to the majority species in 2013 shows that according to the majority of criteria features almost all species can be of criteria features almost all species can be characterized only such way: characterized only such way:

-unknown-unknown -not studied-not studied -not evaluated-not evaluated -data are absent. -data are absent. The main reasons are:The main reasons are: 1) needed researches have not been conducted in 1) needed researches have not been conducted in

the Republic of Karelia so far ; the Republic of Karelia so far ; 2) those criteria hardly be applied to plant & fungi2) those criteria hardly be applied to plant & fungi

How to change the How to change the situation?situation?

It is clear that it is necessary to start the work It is clear that it is necessary to start the work on the monitoring of red-listed species. on the monitoring of red-listed species.

For the beginning at least one population For the beginning at least one population /subpopulation of each protected species /subpopulation of each protected species should be chosen should be chosen

For every population/subpopulation the For every population/subpopulation the standard pull of characteristics like size (total standard pull of characteristics like size (total and the separate loci), spatial structure, age and the separate loci), spatial structure, age structure, etc. must be recordedstructure, etc. must be recorded

Only after obtaining such kind of information we Only after obtaining such kind of information we could start to use the IUCN criteria properly could start to use the IUCN criteria properly

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!