AND ITS EFFECT ON THE SYMBOL OF LOVE

CONTENTS1. ACID RAIN a. Formation b. Causes c. Effects on environment

2. Taj Mahal a. Effect of acid rain b. Protect Taj Mahal 3. Prevention from acid rain

4. Conclusion

WHAT IS ACID RAIN?

• Acid rain is rain that is more acidic than normal.• Any rainfall has a pH value less than 5.6 is defined as acid rain• Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, the major sources of acid rain.

FORMATION OF ACID RAIN

• Burning coal, Oil and natural gas, in power stations makes electricity, giving off sulphur dioxide gas.

• Burning petrol and oil in vehicle engines gives off nitrogen oxides as gases.

• These gases mix with water vapour and rainwater in the atmosphere producing weak solutions of sulphuric and nitric acids – which fall as acid rain.

CAUSES OF ACID RAIN

EFFECTS ON HUMANS

• The sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide gases, causes respiratory diseases like asthma, chronic bronchitis, etc.

• Tiny Particles cause difficulty in breathing for humans and animals & also lead to permanent lung damage.

•On Human Health

EFFECTS ON TREES & SOIL

• Acid Rain dissolves all the nutrients and the useful minerals for the tree to grow.

• Weakens the process of photosynthesis.

• Acc. to modern researches, Acid Rain leaches potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc essential elements from the top of soil & When soil is contaminated, cereal (arable) production crops.

• Acids activate aluminium from the soil which leaches into water and fish die. Drinking water is contaminated.

EFFECTS ON AQUATIC ANIMALS

• Acid Rain increases the acidity of lakes & rivers, which is directly effect the aquatic ecosystem.

EFFECT OF ACID RAIN ON TAJ MAHAL

• White starts to go yellow• Precious and semi precious stones of the Taj

weathered away due to acid rain• The sulfuric and nitric acids in the rain causes the calcite to dissolve and makes gypsum form• Gypsum causes the area of affected stone to turn black and when the gypsum falls off it reveals crumbling stone

BEFORE AFTER

TAJ MAHAL

An example of acid precipitation damage to an outdoor statue. The statue, made of porous sandstone, was created in 1702 as part of the gable of the entrance of the Castle at Herten, near Reclinhausen, Germany. The left photo, taken in 1908, shows some stains and the loss of the left hand, but most of the face and right hand were intact after 206 years of exposure. The right photo, taken in 1969, shows the loss of most of the detail of the statue over 61 years

•Turn off lights, computers, and other appliances when you're not using them •Use energy efficient appliances: lighting, air conditioners, heaters, refrigerators, washing machines, etc. •Only use electric appliances when you need them. •Keep your thermostat at 68 F in the winter and 72 F in the summer. You can turn it even lower in the winter and higher in the summer when you are away from home. •Insulate your home as best you can. •Carpool, use public transportation, or better yet, walk or bicycle whenever possible •Buy vehicles with low NOx emissions, and maintain all vehicles well.

PREVENTION

Acid rain is slowly destroying our planet. It is our responsibility to make sure that we protect the earth for future generations to enjoy.

We should stop polluting, for example riding your car just to go to your neighbors five houses away from yours, or factories should have filters so that less pollution goes in the sky.

CONCLUSION

Show the TAJ MAHAL to next generations as the

TAJ MAHAL not in pictures