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ACIS 1504 - Introduction to Data Analytics & Business Intelligence
Data MiningAccuracy Design Goal
Concept Map
Implementation
Mixed Cell References
Design: Accuracy
Common Functions
Data Mining
Isolate Assumptions
Objectives
• Define Data Mining
• Explain the Accuracy spreadsheet design goal.
• Demonstrate Excel features that support the Accuracy design goal.
Segment A:Data Mining
Data Mining Tools• software that searches vast amounts of data
• uses complex statistical calculations
• outputs• Trends• Patterns• Correlations• Exceptions
Data Mining in the Insurance Industry
http://www.teradata.com/Resources/Videos/Towers-Watson-Using-Telematics-Data-to-Mitigate-Drivers-Risk-Globally/?LangType=1033&LangSelect=true
Segment B:Formula vs. Function
• Formula • created by you• = A1 + A10
• Function • keyword defined by Microsoft• =SUM(A1:D1)• Functions are more flexible than formulas
Formula vs. Function
Different Results
=B3+B4+B5+B6
=SUM(C3:C6)
If you delete Row 5=SUM(C3:C5)
Segment C:Common Functions
• SUM
• AVERAGE
•MIN and MAX
• COUNT and COUNTA
Common Functions
Common Functions for Payroll
Common Functions for Payroll• Open Common Calculations.xls
• Select the Payroll worksheet
Common Functions for PayrollAdd functions to calculate each of the following:
1. Gross Pay for each employee is Hourly Rate times Hours Worked.
2. Total Payroll which is equal to Gross Pay for all employees.
3. Total Hours Worked by all employees.
4. Average Hourly Wage.
5. Number of Employees on the payroll.
LiveScribe SmartPen
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U4RwtmwAJ5c
Smart Pen Sales Example
Open SmartPen Sales.xls
Calculate:• Extended Price = Quantity x Unit Price• Subtotal = Extended Price + Shipping• Tax is 6% of Subtotal• Total = Subtotal + Tax
Segment D:Mixed Cell References
Cell Address Reference Changes when Copied
A1 Relative Vertically or Horizontally
$A$1 Absolute Never
$A1 Mixed Vertically
A$1 Mixed Horizontally
Relative, Absolute & Mixed Cell References
Relative vs. Absolute
Relative Cell References
Absolute Cell References
Cell Address Reference Changes when Copied
A1 Relative Vertically or Horizontally
$A$1 Absolute Never
$A1 Mixed Vertically
A$1 Mixed Horizontally
Relative, Absolute & Mixed Cell References
Mixed Cell References
• Is the calculation entered going to be copied?
• If so, which direction?
• If it’s copied vertically, do you want the row references to change? If it’s copied horizontally, do you want the column references to change?
• Do you want such a change to take place?
Cell Reference Decisions
Cell Reference Decisions
CopyFormula?
Vertical orHorizontal?
ChangeRows?
ChangeColumns?
Yes
No Stop
HorizontalVertical
YesYes
Stop
No
Enter $ beforecolumn letters
that shouldnot change
No
Enter $ beforerow numbers that shouldnot change
Start
1. Will you copy this function?2. If so, which direction: vertical or horizontal?3. If you copy vertically, Excel will automatically
change all relative row references. Do you want those row references to change?
Cell Reference Decisions
=SUM(B2:D2)
=SUM(B3:D3)
=SUM(B4:D4)
=SUM(B5:D5)
90
120
90
Peter Rabbit Example
Open Common Functions workbook, select Peter Rabbit sheet.
Peter Rabbit Example – Vertical Copy• Select the Peter Rabbit worksheet.• As you complete these calculations,
consider if any cell references need to be mixed.
1. Sum Flopsy’s three scores.2. Copy this sum to Mopsy & Peter.3. Add Factor A to Flopsy’s sum4. Do the same for Mopsy & Peter by
copying Flopsy’s formula.
Peter Rabbit Example – Horizontal Copy
As you complete these calculations, consider if any cell references need to be mixed.
1. Average the three values for Score 1.2. Copy this average to Score 2 and 3.3. Deduct Factor B from the average of Score
1.4. Do the same for Score 2 and 3 by copying
Score 1’s formula.
MPG Example
1. Calculate MPG for Compact Car2. Copy to other vehicles3. Copy to next year
Open Common Functions workbook, select MPG sheet.
Segment E:Accuracy
• Select the correct function or construct the correct formula. (Choose a function over a formula.)
• Check mixed, relative and absolute cell references.
• Double-check all calculations.
• Know the order of operations.
• Isolate assumptions.
Spreadsheet Design: Accuracy
• Parentheses
•Multiplication and Division
• Addition and Subtraction
Order of Operations
1. 6 / 2 * 4 =
2. 3 + 2 * 2 – 1 =
3. ( 2 * 5 ) + 15 / 5 =
Order of Operations Examples
12
6
13
• Store numbers in cells
•Write equations to point to cells containing numbers
Isolate Assumptions
Isolate Assumption Example
Assumption
=E2+3 is incorrect=E2+H2 is correct
Isolate Assumptions?
Have I isolated assumptions?
How Do You Spend Your Study Time?