Activities - Towards Active Learning

8/9/2019 Activities - Towards Active Learning

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/activities-towards-active-learning 1/86



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shk èks ze pfsh zhk oaezhks.

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_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Fnfae`y

F ge{nzfin#kcizzin` enk#pfy wfawk is shepn fdewk. Zhis enk#pfy wfawkfaaeps pfzkt ze gaep zhte{`h iz enay in enk jitkozien. Phkn pfzkt gaepszhte{`h zhk wfawk! zhk ge{nzfin is getckj.

_iciaftay! zhk ai`hz kcizzin` jiejk oenj{ozs fnj kcizs ai`hz enay phkn

getpftj difskj. Iz jeks nez oenj{oz phkn tkwktsk difskj.

Gtec2

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_MOKZ! Oeicdfzetk

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© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa0 PC<; Wkt 6.<0

Gtec2\teg. T. _. Dhftsfmfjk

Wishpfmftcf Insziz{zk eg Zkohneae`y! \{nk

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze Nkp \tej{oz Jkwkae|cknz

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_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Dtfinszetcin`

Zhk geaaepin` v{ksziens ofn sktwk fs sfc|ak v{ksziens get zhk foziwizy2

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Phy is nkp |tej{oz jkwkae|cknz nkkjkj5

Zhk tks|ensks eg zhk akftnkts ofn dk nezkj jepn en zhk deftj.Inoettkoz%ittkakwfnz tks|ensks ofn dk tkcewkj fgzkt kx|afinin` phy

zhky ftk se. Gtec zhk tkcfinin` tks|ensks! zhk ze|io ofn dk inztej{okj.




Gtec2

Jt. Ohfnjtfni CiztfJk|ftzcknz eg Knìnkktin` _oiknoksWishpfmftcf Insziz{zk eg Zkohneae`y! \{nk

_kssien In|{z2 Zy|ks eg Tfnjec Wftifdaks]\tedfdiaizy Jisztid{ziensS

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Dtfinszetcin`

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zhkc jepn.

\essidak fnspkts ftk fs geaaeps2

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oe{nzkt! zick dkgetk f cfohink dtkfms jepn! kzo.




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Jkcensztfzien #6




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Jkcensztfzien

Pk ofn ofaa zhtkk akftnkts F! D fnj O. Akftnkt F piaa dk ìwkn tkj |afzk!Akftnkt D piaa dk ìwkn da{k |afzk! Akftnkt O piaa dk ìwkn `tkkn

|afzk. Nep pk ofn fsm akftnkt F ze mkk| zhk |afzk i.k. tkj |afzk en zhkzfdak phioh piaa dk oensijktkj fs szfom. Akftnkt D ofn |afok zhk da{k en

zhk ze| eg zhk |tkwie{s |afzk. Akftnkt O ofn |afok zhk `tkkn |afzk enzhk ze| eg zhk |tkwie{s |afzk i.k. da{k |afzk. Nep pk ofn fsm zhk ezhkt akftnkt ze edsktwk zhk etjkt eg zhk |afzks i.k. `tkkn |afzk is en zhk ze|!nkxz is da{k fnj tkj is fz zhk dezzec. In zhk sfck pfy jfzf is |afokj in

zhk szfom.

Jkakzk E|ktfzienNep pk ofn ofaa enk akftnkt ze |iom zhk |afzk gtec zhk zfdak. Akftnkt piaa

|iom zhk gitsz |afzk phioh is en zhk ze| i.k. @tkkn |afzk. Pk ofn ofaa ezhkt akftnkts ze |iom zhk nkxz |afzk i.k. da{k |afzk.

Gtec zhis jkcensztfzien akftnkts ofn edsktwk zhfz zhk kakcknz phioh is

insktzkj fz zhk afsz piaa dk jkakzkj gitsz.




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Bf`fjfak Fcea Dh{|fa_.W.K.T.I°s Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin`! \fnjhft|{t

_kssien In|{z2 Gkn`°s Oafssigiofzien eg Oec|{zkt Ftohizkoz{tk

]Fjwfnokj Oec|{zkt Ftohizkoz{tkS

Jkcensztfzien # 4



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_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Jkcensztfzien

Zhk akftnkts ofn dk fsmkj ze siz in |te|kt fai`ncknz fs teps fnj oea{cns.Get kxfc|ak! : teps fnj ? oea{cns. Zhk oea{cns tk|tksknz injiwij{fa dizs

in ckcety. Zhk teps tk|tksknz f ckcety petj. Oaeoms ofn dk injiofzkj

dy f ziom se{nj |tej{okj dy zhk inszt{ozet. Kfoh akftnkt ofn injiofzk diz|teokssin` dy oaf||in` ewkt zhk hkfj.

Kfoh sv{ftk dkaep tk|tksknzs f akftnkt fnj zhk n{cdkt in zhk sv{ftkinjiofzks zhk oaf||in` skv{knok. Oaf||in` is jenk in zhk s|koigikj

skv{knok fz zhk ziom eg zhk oaeom. Fz zhk gitsz ziom! faa akftnkts tk|tksknzin`

6 shfaa oaf|. Fz zhk skoenj ziom! faa akftnkts tk|tksknzin` 4 shfaa oaf|. _een fnj se getzh.



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_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze Otiziofa Zhiomnkss eg Ins{afzien

]Zhktcfa Oenj{ozienS

Teak \afy #6




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Teak \afy

Zpe akftnkts! |tkgktfday eg jiggktknz |hysiv{k! piaa oeck in gtenz eg zhkoafss. F zhitj akftnkt piaa ckfs{tk zhk s{tgfok zkc|ktfz{tk eg zhk zpe.

Akftnkt ?2 @eej& Dezh zhk syszkcs ftk nep fz zhk tkv{itkj zkc|ktfz{tkeg ;<< jk`tkks Okasi{s. I hfwk ze kns{tk zhfz zhis zkc|ktfz{tk iscfinzfinkj get zhk nkxz hfag fn he{t. Phfz ofn I je5 Akz ck f||ay

ins{afzien.

Hk%shk |ktgetcs zhk geaaepin` fozien2

Ptf|s 4 te{njs eg shkkz eg |f|kt ze dezh.\{zs f zf` injiofzin` Z 3 ;<< jk`tkks Okasi{s ze dezh zhk akftnkts.

Oecks dfom pizh f gtiknj fgzkt seck zick.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Teak \afy (oenzj.)

Akftnkt ?2 Iz is 66.?< nep. Akz ck ohkom zhk zkc|ktfz{tk. Ckfs{tks zhks{tgfok zkc|ktfz{tk eg zhk zpe.Hep is iz zhfz zhk syszkc I sheps f zkc|ktfz{tk jte| eg 6< jk`tkks phkn_yszkc II is cfinzfinkj fz ;<< jk`tkks Okasi{s5

Akftnkt :2 Ye{ c{sz nez hfwk |{z |te|kt ins{afzien ze zhis syszkc.

Akftnkt?2 I°c 6<<+ s{tk zhfz I°wk f||aikj zhk sfck ins{afzin` |f|kt zedezh zhk syszkcs.

Akftnkt :2 Zhkn pk piaa hfwk ze ohkom zhk zhiomnkss eg ins{afzien.

Dezh eg zhkc oengitc zhfz zhk zhiomnkss is kv{fa get dezh.

Akftnkt?2 Hep is iz |essidak5 Phfz c{sz hfwk dkkn zhk tkfsen5 Hep ishkfz aess gtec syszkc inotkfskj jks|izk ins{afzien5




F dtfinszetcin` skssien ofn dk oenj{ozkj fgzkt zhis teak#|afy! ze ginje{z zhk |essidak tkfsen(s) get zhk jiggktknok in zkc|ktfz{tk dkzpkknzhk zpe syszkcs.

Zhk geaaepin` ftk zhk oenoa{siens zhfz ofn dk tkfohkj2

Zhk zpe syszkcs ftk ze dk sic|aigikj fs oyainjtiofa syszkcs pizh f

jiggktknok in zhk e{zkt jifckzkt.

Dezh zhk syszkcs ftk ijknziofa kxok|z get zhk e{zkt tfji{s eg

ins{afzien.

Zezfa tksiszfnok pizh ins{afzien oec|tisks eg (i) Oenj{oziwk tksiszfnok

eg zhk ins{afzien fnj (ii) Oenwkoziwk tksiszfnok.

T oenj{ozien is jitkozay |te|etzienfa ze zhiomnkss i.k. e{zkt tfji{s egins{afzien

T oenwkozien is inwktskay |te|etzienfa ze zhiomnkss i.k. e{zkt tfji{s egins{afzien




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. _. Z. NfnfpftkOec|{zkt _oiknok Jk|ftzcknz_.W.K.T.I°s Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin`! \fnjhft|{t

_kssien In|{z2 Nkkj get Afn`{f`k \teokssets

]Getcfa _yszkcs fnj F{zecfzfS

Teak \afy #4




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Teak \afyTfnjecay skakoz six akftnkts fnj getc zhkc inze zhtkk jiggktknz `te{|s eg 4 akftnkts

kfoh.

@te{| 6 {njktszfnjs enay Cftfzhi.

@te{| 4 {njktszfnjs enay Mfnnfjf.@te{| ? {njktszfnjs dezh Cftfzhi fnj Mfnnfjf.

Zhk teak |afy ofn dk oenj{ozkj fs jksotidkj dkaep.6. @te{| 4 shfaa s|kfm f sknzknok in Mfnnfjf ze @te{| 6. @te{|6 ofnnez {njktszfnj

iz.4. Zhk gfo{azy ofn zhkn fsm! ·Phfz is tkv{itkj get @te{|6 ze {njktszfnj zhk sknzknok5°

?. @te{| 4 shfaa zhkn tk|ay! ·Ztfnsafzien°.

:. Enk akfnkt gtec @te{| 4 ofn s|kfm zhk sfck sknzknok in Mfnnfjf ze f akftnkt in

@te{| ?.

;. Zhis akftnkt ofn s|kfm zhk sfck sknzknok in jiggktknz petjs ze zhk ezhkt akftnkt in@te{| ?. Zhk afzzkt ofn oeck {| pizh zhk ztfnsafzien fnj kx|afin zhk ckfnin` eg

zhk sknzknok in Cftfzhi ze @te{| 6.

7. Nep @te{|6 ofn {njktszfnj phfz @te{| 4 hfj ztikj ze sfy.

Pk ofn nep fsm ezhkt sz{jknzs phfz zhky {njktszeej gtec zhk teak |afy fnj phfz zhknkkj get ztfnsafzien is.




Tk#ofaain`

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_{``kszkj dy2

\teg. M. \hfnitfbCIZ! Cfni|fa

Oenoa{sien2 Jkgetcfzien in Dkfcs

]Oiwia Knìnkktin`S

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Mky petjs

Pk ofn fsm zhk akftnkts ze ptizk fnj kx|afin zhk mkypetjs phioh zhkyakftnkj in zhis skssien! enk dy enk. Zhk akftnkts cfy oeck {| pizh zhk

geaaepin` mkypetjs2

_ktwiokfdiaizyKafszio O{twk_ae|kJkgakozien

De{njfty Oenjizien




_{``kszkj dy2

\teg. Ftfjhfnf J.DIZC! Dkaafty

Oenoa{sien2 Oeno{ttknoy Oenztea

]Jfzfdfsk Cfnf`kcknz _yszkcS

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Zkohniofa Fnzhfmshfti

Pk ofn jiwijk zhk oafss inze ge{t `te{|s fnj oenj{oz zhk zkohniofa Fnzhfmshfti.

Zhk t{aks eg zhk `fck ftk wkty sic|ak. Pk ofn |tewijk zhk gitsz `te{| pizh f

zkohniofa petj. En zhkit |ftz! zhky nkkj ze ìwk f szfzkcknz! phioh oenzfins zhfz

petj. Zhk nkxz `te{| piaa hfwk ze ijknzigy fnezhkt zkohniofa petj gtec zhfzszfzkcknz fnj getc{afzk f szfzkcknz eg zhkit epn oensiszin` eg zhis zkohniofa

petj. Zhk |teokss piaa zh{s oenzin{k.

Zhk geaaepin` kxfc|ak ztfoks zhk |fzzktn eg zhk Fnzhfmshfti2

Pk ofn fssi`n zhk petj $Ztfnsfozien$ ze zhk gitsz `te{|.

@te{| 62 F Ztfnsfozien is f aeìofa {niz eg petm! phioh zfmks zhk jfzfdfsk gtecenk oensiszknz szfzk ze fnezhkt oensiszknz szfzk.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Zkohniofa Fnzhfmshfti (oenzj.)

@te{| 4 ofn oheesk zhk petj $Jfzfdfsk$.

@te{| 42 F Jfzfdfsk Cfnf`kcknz syszkc is sinàk {skt in nfz{tk ig iz s{||etzs

enk {skt fz f zick fnj is c{azi#{skt! ig cfny {skts ofn {sk zhk syszkc fz zhk sfck|einz eg zick.

@te{| ? ofn oheesk zhk petj $C{azi#{skt$.

@te{| ?2 Phkn petmin` en f C{azi#{skt jfzfdfsk! zhk foziens eg zhk {skts

fookssin` zhk jfzfdfsk c{sz dk oenzteaakj. Ezhktpisk! iz akfjs ze oeno{ttknoy|tedakcs.

@te{| : ofn oheesk zhk petj $Oeno{ttknoy$.

@te{| :2 Oeno{ttknoy ofn dk oenzteaakj dy zhk zkohniv{ks aimk zpe#|hfskaeomin` fnj zick#szfc|in`.

@te{| 6 ofn oheesk zhk petj $Zpe#|hfsk aeomin`$.

@te{| 62 Zhk Zpe#|hfsk aeomin` zkohniv{k oenzfins zpe jiggktknz aeoms! nfckay

zhk shftkj aeom fnj zhk kxoa{siwk aeoms.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Zkohniofa Fnzhfmshfti (oenzj.)

@te{| 4 ofn oheesk zhk petj $_hftkj$.@te{| 42 Tkse{toks ofn dk aeomkj kizhkt in zhk _hftkj cejk get tkfj e|ktfzien

et in zhk kxoa{siwk cejk get {|jfzk! insktz et jkakzk e|ktfzien.

@te{| ? ofn oheesk zhk petj $Kxoa{siwk cejk$.

@te{| ?2 Phkn fn izkc is aeom kj in zhk Kxoa{siwk cejk! ne ezhkt ztfnsfozien ofntkfj et ptizk zhfz izkc.

@te{| : ofn oheesk zhk petj $Aeom$.

@te{| :2 F Jkfjaeom is f siz{fzien zhfz ftisks phkn enk ztfnsfozien is pfizin` get

fnezhkt ze tkakfsk zhk tkse{toks iz nkkjs fnj wiok wktsf.




Cnkcenios

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Gtec2

\teg. \. _kwwkaCf`nf Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin`! Ohknnfi

_kssien In|{z2 Kakcknzs eg (Zezfa V{faizy Cfnf`kcknz)ZVC! zhkit Zeeas

fnj Zy|ks]Ckohfniofa Knìnkktin` S

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Cnkcenio Zkohniv{ks

Zhk nfcks eg \hiaese|hiofa Kakcknzs eg ZVC ofn dk kfsiay ckcetirkj dyzhk akftnkts dy cfmin` {sk eg zhk \kjfèìo Zkohniv{k eg Cnkcenioinszt{ozien ´ Fotenycs. Zhk inizifa (gitsz) akzzkts eg zhk nfcks eg \hiaese|hiofa

Kakcknzs eg ZVC ofn dk zfmkn e{z sk|ftfzkay fnj tkfttfn`kj fs shepndkaep2

O! A! O! K! V! J! C! \! V! K ### VOJ V\ OK ACK

Zhk sk|ftfzkj e{z inizifa akzzkts eg zhk nfcks eg zhk \hiaese|hiofa Kakcknzs

eg ZVC ftk tkfttfn`kj in f cfnnkt se fs ze `kz ckfnin`g{a fotenycs fsshepn dkaep2

VOJ ´ V{faizy Oec|fozfdak Jiso= V\ ´ V{faizy \te`tfc=OK ´ Oec|{zkt Knìnkkt= ACK ´ Akoz{tkt in Ckohfniofa Knìnkktin`




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Cnkcenio Zkohniv{ks (oenzj.)_iciaftay! zhk inizifa akzzkts eg Nkp _kwkn Cfnf`kcknz Zeeas ofn dk

sk|ftfzkj e{z tkfttfn`kj in f cfnnkt ze `kz ckfnin`g{a fotenycs fsshepn dkaep2 F! T! Z! C! F! \! C.

FC ´ Fnzi Cktijifn= \C ´ \esz Cktijifn= FZT ´ Fny Zick T{n.

Zhk nfcks eg @knktio zeeas eg ZVC ofn dk kfsiay ckcetirkj dy zhkakftnkts dy cfmin` {sk eg zhk \kjfèìo Zkohniv{k eg Cnkcenio

inszt{ozien ´ Inizifa Akzzkt Ckzhej. Faa zhk inizifa akzzkts eg @knktio Zeeas egZVC ofn dk sk|ftfzkj e{z fnj ofn dk ckcetirkj kfsiay dy getcin` f

ckfnin`g{a sknzknok (Inizifa Akzzkt Ckzhej) e{z eg iz fs shepn dkaep2 \! O!\! O! T! _! O

º\eaiok Oeccissienkt ze \eaiok Oenszfdak Tkbkozkj _{|tkck Oe{tz».

Phkn zhk akftnkts ckcetirk zhis sknzknok! zhky ofn wkty kfsiay `kz zhkinizifa akzzkts eg zhk @knktio Zeeas eg ZVC! gtec phioh zhky ofn kfsiay ptizk

jepn zhk nfcks eg zhk @knktio Zeeas.



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa?< PC<; Wkt 6.<?<

Gtec2

\teg. _fwizhf _. JksfiDWDOKZ! H{dai

_kssien In|{z2 Oafssigiofzien eg Knrycks in Knryck Necknoafz{tk]Diezkohneae`yS

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Cnkcenios Inizifa Akzzkt Ckzhej

Akftnkts ofn dk inszt{ozkj ze |iom zhk gitsz akzzkt eg kwkty petj in zhk aisz.[sin` zhksk akzzkts! zhk akftnkts ofn dk fsmkj ze getc petjs ze cfmk fckfnin`g{a et ckfninàkss (|tkgktfday g{nny) sknzknok. Zhk petjs in etjkt

ftk 2Exijetkj{ozfsks

Ztfnsgktfsks

HyjteafsksAyfsksIsecktfsks

Ai`fsksInizifa akzzkt eg kwkty petj in zhk aisz2 E! Z! H! A!I fnj A

Zhk g{nny sknzknok cfy dk2 ºEnok Zpe Hf||y Aiens Inwknzkj phfz is

Aewk.»



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V{ir

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_{``kszkj dy2\teg. \. Dhftfni TfeDIZC! Dkaafty

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze zhk Dfsio _zt{oz{tk eg Oec|{zkts

V{ir #6





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_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze @\_

V{ir #4



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa?; PC<; Wkt 6.<?;

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 \ioz{tk V{irPk ofn fsm zhk akftnkts ze aeem fz zhk icf`ks fnj ijknzigy zhk f||aiofziens eg @\_.

(Aimkay Fnspkt2 Fwifzien # Get fitotfgz ze afnj fz zhk kxfoz jkszinfzien! zhk |iaeznkkjs ze ijknzigy zhk kxfoz afnjin` aeofzien. Zhte{`h @\_! hk ofn ijknzigy fnj

tkoe`nirk zhk afnjin` aeofzien.)

(Aimkay Fnspkt2 Cf||in` (Eia! fs! cinin`))




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 \ioz{tk V{ir (oenzj.)

(Aimkay Fnspkt2 Ciaizfty)

(Aimkay Fnspkt2 _oiknzigio Tkskftoh)




\{rraks

@e ze Cfin Ckn{




_{``kszkj dy2

Jt. Ohfnjtfni CiztfJk|ftzcknz eg Knìnkktin` _oiknoksWishpfmftcf Insziz{zk eg Zkohneae`y! \{nk

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze \tfoziofa Ic|etzfnok eg Jkgetcfzien egDkfcs]\tedfdiaizy Jisztid{zienS

\{rrak #6




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Otesspetj \{rrak

Pizh zhk hka| eg f Otesspetj \{rrak! pk ofn tkwisk zhk oenok|zsjiso{sskj in zhk oafss fnj oenoa{jk zhk skssien.



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa:< PC<; Wkt 6.<:<

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2Ot

esspet

j \{rrak (oenzj.)

Oa{ks get seawin` zhk otesspetj |{rrak2

FOTE__26. Kx|kticknzs phesk e{zoecks ofnnez dk |tkjiozkj

8. Fny e{zoeck eg zhk kx|kticknz

6<. Fn kwknz phioh ofnnez eoo{t 64. Zhk skz eg kwknzs6;. Zhis ckfs{tks zhk s|tkfj eg zhk jisztid{zien

JEPN24. Enk zy|k eg tfnjec wftifdak

?. Kwknzs phioh ofnnez eoo{t sic{azfnke{say

:. Tfzie eg gfwetfdak e{zoecks ze zezfa ne. eg e{zoecks

;. Kwknzs phesk eoo{ttknok jeks nez jk|knj en kfoh ezhkt 7. Kwknzs phesk {nien ic|aiks zhk oktzfin kwknz

0. Fny eoo{ttknok eg zhk kx|kticknz

9. _kz eg wfa{ks eg f tfnjec Wftifdak fsseoifzkj pizh zhk kx|kticknz.

66. Tfnjec wftifdak phioh is nez jisotkzk6?. Ckfs{tkcknz eg Oknztfa Zknjknoy

6:. Jisztid{zien G{nozien



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa:6 PC<; Wkt 6.<:6

_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Fdhiafshf \. _.Wijyf Fofjkcy eg _oiknok fnj Zkohneae`y! Zhtiss{t

_kssien In|{z2 Oec|fss _{twkyin`]Oiwia Knìnkktin`S

\{rrak # 4




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 B{cdakj Petjs

Zhk wftie{s zktcs (|tedfday zpknzy) tkafzkj ze oec|fss s{twkyin`! phiohhfwk dkkn oewktkj ziaa nep! ofn dk jis|afykj in b{cdakj etjkt. Akftnkts

ofn dk fsmkj ze {nsotfcdak zhkc fnj ptizk zhkc jepn en f |ikok eg|f|kt pizhin 6 cin{zk. Kfoh akftnkt ofn zhkn kxohfn`k zhk |f|kt pizh

zhk akftnkt sizzin` nkxz ze hic%hkt.

Zhk gfo{azy ofn |tec|z zhk akftnkts get zhk oettkoz fnspkts. Kfoh oettkozfnspkt ofn dk ìwkn giwk |einzs fnj get kfoh pten` fnspkt! zhtkk |einzs

ofn dk jkj{ozkj. Zhk akftnkts soetin` cfxic{c |einzs ofn dk jkoaftkjpinnkts.

_fc|ak zktcs2 te|izj get zti|ej! pettfs get ftteps! kknonìzt get oknzktin`!

knfw get wfnk! tiktkfdgen` get getkdkftin`! jtfv{fnzfa get v{fjtfnzfa!scfti|zio get |tiscfzio! kzo.



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa:? PC<; Wkt 6.<:?

@fcks

@e ze Cfin Ckn{



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa:: PC<; Wkt 6.<::

_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Kmzf [|fjhyfyOec|{zkt _oiknok Jk|ftzcknzT@IZ! C{cdfi

_kssien In|{z2 Nkkj get Kttet Jkzkozien

]Jiìzfa Aeìo Jksi`n fnj F||aiofziensS

@fck #6



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa:; PC<; Wkt 6.<:;

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 \fssin` zhk Ckssf`k

6 akftnkt ofn dk zhk sknjkt fnj fnezhkt ofn dk zhk tkokiwkt.Zhk knzitk oafss ofn dk jiwijkj inze : `te{|s dfskj en zhk skfzin`

fttfn`kcknz2 enk tep fs enk `te{|.

6sz `te{| ofn dk zhk knoejkt fnj oenwktz zhk ckssf`k ze 8#diz dinfty.F diz |esizien ofn dk fssi`nkj ze f oea{cn eg akftnkts (gtec gitsz dknohze afsz dknoh).

4nj `te{| ofn dk zhk ohfnnka zhfz piaa b{sz |fss zhk 8#dizs ze zhkjkoejkt.

?tj `te{| ofn dk zhk inzt{jkt phe hfs zhk ti`hz ze ohfn`k fny diz gtec

zhk ckssf`k dizs.

:zh `te{| ofn dk zhk jkoejkt phe piaa oenwktz zhk ckssf`k dizs zejkoicfa fnj ìwk iz ze zhk tkokiwkt.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 \fssin` zhk Ckssf`k (oenzj.)

K.`.2 _knjkt2 4;7

6sz tep(Knoejkt) 4nj tep(Ohfnnka) ?tj tep(Inzt{jkt) :zh tep(Jkoejkt)

6 6 6 66 6 < <

6 6 6 66 6 6 6

6 6 < <

6 6 6 66 6 6 6

6 6 6 6

Zhk jkoejkt piaa jkoejk zhk ckssf`k i.k. 4:0 fnj sknj iz ze zhk tkokiwkt.Zhe{`h zhktk hfs dkkn fn kttet! zhktk is ne pfy in phioh zhk jkoejkt ofn{njktszfnj zhfz fn kttet hfs eoo{ttkj.

Fz zhk knj eg zhk foziwizy! zhk akftnkts piaa dk fdak ze f||tkoifzk zhk nkkj get

jkzkozien eg kttet(s).




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Cfziajf _.Ingetcfzien Zkohneae`y Jk|ftzcknzIGKZ Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin` fnj Zkohneae`y! Wiaa{|{tfc

_kssien In|{z2 I\ Fjjtkssks

@fck # 4




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 I\ Fjjtkss Phkka

F phkka pizh zpkawk skozets is |tk|ftkj fnj is hkaj en f |iwez s{oh zhfziz ofn tezfzk. Kfoh skozet hfs f jiggktknz oeae{t fnj heajs fn I\ fjjtkss.

Zhk oafss ofn dk jiwijkj inze 64 `te{|s. (Kfoh tep ofn getc f `te{|).

Kfoh `te{| ofn dk fsmkj ze oheesk zhkit gfwe{tizk oeae{t. Enok zhkyhfwk oheskn! zhk phkka ofn dk tezfzkj fnj zhkn pfiz ziaa iz oecks ze

tksz. F |ftzio{aft oeae{t piaa dk |einzkj ze dy zhk cftmkt fttep. Zhk`te{| phioh hfs oheskn zhk oeae{t hfs ze ijknzigy phkzhkt zhk fjjtkss

is wfaij et inwfaij. Ig wfaij! zhk akftnkts ofn dk fsmkj ze ginj zhk zy|k egfjjtkss in zhfz skozet(Oafss F! Oafss D! Oafss O! Oafss J! \tiwfzk!

Aee|Dfom). Ig iz is inwfaij! zhk akftnkts ofn dk fsmkj ze ìwk zhk tkfsenfs ze phy iz is inwfaij.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 I\ Fjjtkss Phkka (oenzj.)



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa;< PC<; Wkt 6.<;<

@te{| Jiso{ssien

@e ze Cfin Ckn{



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa;6 PC<; Wkt 6.<;6

_{``kszkj dy2

\teg. _htiniwfs J. JksfiWishpfmftcf Insziz{zk eg Zkohneae`y! \{nk

_kssien In|{z2 Nkzpetm Ze|eaeìks

]Oec|{zkt _oiknok fnj Knìnkktin`S

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 @te{| Jiso{ssienPk ofn jiwijk zhk akftnkts inze zpe `te{|s! F fnj D! fnj gaefz zhk

v{kszien. @te{| F ofn fnspkt get cksh fnj szft ze|eaeìks fnj @te{| Dofn fnspkt get d{s fnj tin` ze|eaeìks. Zhk fnspkts ofn dk fttiwkj fz

fgzkt jiso{ssien.

$Phfz hf||kns ig enk eg zhk ainms is o{z jepn in f cksh! szft! d{s fnj%et tin` ze|eae`y5º




_{``kszkj dy2

\teg. _ftizf Z. _fpfakFn{tfjhf Knìnkktin` Oeaak`k! Ohimhai

Oenoa{sien2 Jfzf Knoty|zien _zfnjftj]Ingetcfzien Zkohneae`yS

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 \fnka Jiso{ssien

Pk ofn fsm ; ze 8 ckcdkts gtec zhk oafss ze wea{nzkkt ze dkoeck|fnka ckcdkts. Ze|ios%oenok|zs s{oh fs JK_ szt{oz{tk! Mky sohkj{ak!

I\! I\#6! Akgz shigz! G{nozien G! _ Dexks tkafzkj ze JK_ faètizhc ofn dkìwkn ze zhk |fnka. \fnka ckcdkts ofn dk tkv{kszkj ze jiso{ss fde{z

zhk |tes fnj oens eg zhk JK_. Ezhkt akftnkts in zhk oafss ofn dk fsmkjze edsktwk zhk |fnka jiso{ssien. Zhk gfo{azy ofn |afy zhk teak eg zhk

cejktfzet.



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa;? PC<; Wkt 6.<;?

_zety#zkaain`

@e ze Cfin Ckn{



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa;: PC<; Wkt 6.<;:

_{``kszkj dy2\teg. M. \hfnitfbCIZ! Cfni|fa

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze \tfoziofa Ic|etzfnok eg Jkgetcfzien inDkfcs

]Oiwia Knìnkktin`S

_zety#6



© 4<<9 Pi|te Azj # Oengijknzifa;; PC<; Wkt 6.<;;

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Giozienfairkj Nfttfziwk

Zhk nfttfzet dkìns zhk foziwizy dy oenzkxz{fairin` zhk szety ze dk zeaj

pizh zhk ze|io2

Nfttfzet2 Hfwk f aeem fz zhk skfz |ftz eg zhk ohfit en phioh ye{ siz. Iz

hfs zpe s{||etzs. Zh{s! zhk skfz eg f ohfit fozs fs f dkfc. Phkn ye{ sizen iz! ye{ ftk f||ayin` f jepnpftj getok en zhk dkfc.

Nfttfzet2 Pkaa! zhis tkcinjs ck eg zhk szety eg zhtkk ohfits phioh I hfwk in

cy he{sk. Akz ck zkaa ye{ zhfz szety.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2Giozienfairkj

Nf

ttfziwk (oenzj.)

_ZETY EG ZHTKK OHFIT_

I hfwk ? ohfits in cy he{sk. Enk is f tk`{aft kfsy ohfit pizh f oaezhskfzin` phioh is CINK&

Zhk skoenj enk is f tk`{aft peejkn ohfit.

Fnj zhk zhitj enk is f s|koifa ohfit eg t{ddkt peej. Izs skfzin` is sztfi`hzphkn ne enk sizs en iz. D{z fzzfins zhis shf|k phkn seck enk sizs en

iz . Zhfz°s faa& Iz hfs nkwkt dtemkn jepn& D{z nenk eg cy gtiknjs siz en

zhk zhitj enk& Zhky eoo{|y zhk skoenj enk fnj ig f skoenj gtiknj oecks!shk |{aas ck e{z eg CY kfsy ohfit fnj sizs en zhfz&

Akftnkt O 2 ·_HK°5&





Nf

ttfziwk (oenzj.)

Nfttfzet2 Phy5 Ofn°z I hfwk f afjy fs f gtiknj5 Pkaa! akz°s zfam fde{z zhfz

afzkt. _hk |{aas ck e{z eg CY kfsy ohfit fnj sizs en zhfz& I siz en zhfz s|koifaohfit! penjktin` phy nenk eg cy gtiknjs pfnz ze siz en iz&& JE YE[ MNEPPHY5

Akfnkt

J2 Cfy dk dkof{sk iz o{twks phkn hk%shk sizs.

Nfttfzet2 Cy kfsy ohfit is fatkfjy o{twkj dkgetk fny enk sizs.

Akftnkt K2 Zhis enk pfs sztfi`hz! d{z o{twks phkn enk sizs en iz. Zhky cfygkka {nsfgk ze siz en s{oh f ohfit.

Nfttfzet2 D{z I siz en iz fnj zfam ze zhkc get he{ts. Zhky mnep zhfz iz hfs

nkwkt dtemkn fnj cfjk ck gfaa.

Akftnkt K2 Zhfz°s ye{t ohfit fnj ye{t gfzk«zhky sfy& (Oafssteec t{|z{tksinze af{`hzkt).





Nf

ttfziwk (oenzj.)

Nfttfzet2 Nez se G{nny& Pkaa I hfwk jkoijkj zhfz zhky ftk j{cd fnj

oepftjs. D{z ye{ `{ys fnj ìtas ftk nez. Ftk ye{5

Oafssteec in {nisen2 NE&&&

Nf

ttfze

t2 Pkaa! nep ye{ ftk sizzin` in zhk skoenj gaeet oafssteec. Zhk sfckzy|k eg oafssteec is zhktk fdewk ye{ts in zhk ?tj gaeet. Nep ig fs seen fs f

`te{| eg akftnkts eoo{|y zhfz teec! fnj zhk okiain` eg ye{t oafssteecwisiday o{twks jepn! phfz pe{aj ye{ je5

Oafssteec (In C{azi|ak Weioks)2 Pk piaa t{n e{z eg zhk oafss&

Nfttfzet2 Phy5 I ofn szfnj {njkt iz get fs aen` fs ye{ pfnz fnj fss{tk ye{

zhfz iz piaa nez gfaa jepn. Oeck en ye{ ftk faa èin` ze dk Oiwia Knìnkkts&

Akftnkt B2 Pk piaa szfnj e{z sijk fnj pfzoh ye{& Pk ftk h{cfn dkin`sgitsz fnj Oiwia Knìnkkts fgzktpftjs. Pk oftk get e{t aiwks&





Nf

ttfziwk (oenzj.)

Nfttfzet2 Pkaa& Pkaa& Zhkn! phfz°s zhk cetfa eg zhk szety5

Akftnkt M2 Mi« Dkfc« she{aj nez dknj« phkn getok is f||aikj en iz.

Nf

ttfze

t2 Dey& Faa dkfcs she{aj fnj piaa dknj phkn f||aikj pizh aefjs.Ezhktpisk zhky ofn°z zfmk en zhk aefj&

Akftnkt M2 Cktf cfzafd zhf mi dknjin` jimhnf nfhin ohfhiyk«

Nfttfzet2 Dey& Ye{ hfwk jtiwkn zhk nfia en zhk hkfj& Zhfz°s ti`hz&

JKGETCFZIEN_ _HE[AJ NEZ DK WI_IDAK! ze GKKA zhfz zhk Dkfc is _FGK.

_z 4




_zety # 4

_{``kszkj dy2\teg. T. Cfnb{afDIZC! Dkaafty

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze Oty|ze`tf|hy]Oec|{zkt _oiknok fnj Knìnkktin`S




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 _zety zkaain`

In zhk eajkn jfys! min`jecs pktk egzkn fz pft pizh kfoh ezhkt. Nep! zhk|tinok fnj |tinokss eg zpe pfttin` min`jecs gkaa in aewk pizh kfoh ezhkt.

D{z zhkit |ftknzs pktk! |tkjiozfday! f`finsz zhk cfzoh. _e! zhky oe{aj nezckkz egzkn= d{z ptezk ze kfoh ezhkt d{njaks eg akzzkts. Ginfaay! jks|ktfzk!

zhky jkoijkj ze t{n fpfy gtec zhkit min`jecs fnj cftty. D{z iz se

hf||knkj zhfz kwkty zick zhky cfjk f |afn ze ckkz seckphktk! iz pfsgeiakj.

Zhk inzkaai`knz |tinok {njktszeej zhfz seckenkpfs e|knin` fnj tkfjin` his akzzkts dkgetk

zhky pktk jkaiwktkj ze zhk |tinokss. Nep hk

cfjk f |afn. Hk jtkp f |ioz{tk fnj sknz iz zezhk |tinokss. Iz pfs f |ioz{tk eg f h{`k |enjpizh f sinàk aez{s in zhk cijjak eg iz.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 _zety#zkaain`

Phkn zhk |tinokss tkokiwkj zhk akzzkt! shk pfs s{t|tiskj get f cecknz. D{zzhkn shk v{iomay tkoeaakozkj zhfz iz |tedfday pfs zhk |ioz{tk eg zhk afmk eg

aez{sks! en phesk dfnms zhky hfj ckz get zhk wkty gitsz zick. _hk gkazneszfaìo! fnj jkoijkj ze wisiz zhfz |afok enok cetk. _inok zhk |ioz{tk jij

nez ic|aioizay szfzk fny |afns get ksof|k! nedejy gtec zhk |fafok zhe{`hzeg sze||in` hkt.

En zhk dfnms eg zhk tiwkt! ae fnj dkheaj! zhk

|tinok pfs zhktk! faa faenk. Zhky v{iomaycfjk |afns fnj ksof|kj gtec zhkit

gk{jin` |ftknzs ze aiwk hf||iay kwkt fgzkt.




Ofsk _z{jy

@e ze Cfin Ckn{




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. \tfwkkn Y. OhizziMAK_OKZ! Dka`f{c

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze zhk Oenok|z eg Kcdkjjkj Oec|{zin`]Oec|{zkt _oiknok fnj Knìnkktin`S

Ofskakz




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Ofskakz

Pk ofn ijknzigy f tkakwfnz tkfa#zick f||aiofzien ze inztej{ok zhkze|io.

Hktk! pk ofn |tksknz zhk geaaepin` ofsk sz{jy%soknftie gtec Dka`f{c

oizy2

Zhk ztfggio fz zhk d{sy ztfggio b{nozien ·Tfni Ohknnfcf Oitoak° pfs dkin`cfnf`kj dy f sinàk |eaiokcfn in zhk oizy eg Dka`f{c get zhk afszzpknzy ykfts. Zhk |eaiokcfn {skj ze cfnf`k zhk ztfggio gtec faa zhkge{t jitkoziens fs shepn in zhk dkaep gi`{tk.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Ofskakz (oenzj.)

Hk gfokj cfny jiggio{aziks j{tin` zhk |kfm he{ts phkn zhk jknsizy egztfggio pfs wkty hi`h.

Dy zhk knj eg zhk jfy! hk {skj ze dk jtfinkj eg his knkt`y fnj iz pfs

jiggio{az get hic ze jisohft`k his j{ziks pkaa.

Zhk |tedakc {skj ze dk g{tzhkt fc|aigikj j{tin` zhk tfiny skfsen phknwisidiaizy is aep fnj wieafzien eg ztfggio t{aks dkofck zhk etjkt eg zhkjfy.

_e zhk nkkj get f{zecfzien ftesk! phioh pfs zfmkn oftk eg dy inszfaain`

fn kcdkjjkj syszkc ztfggio oenzteaakt! phioh hka|kj zhk |eaiokcfn injisohftìn` his j{ziks.

_iciaftay! pk ofn fsm zhk akftnkts ze s{``ksz seck ezhkt ofsk sz{jiks et kxfc|aks ze kx|afin zhk ic|etzfnok eg kcdkjjkj syszkcs.

O _z j




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Nfwkkj C. C{aafCftzhf Cfnjfa Knìnkktin` Oeaak`k! Dka`f{c

Oenoa{sien2 Tkv{itkcknz Kaioizfzien \teokss]Oec|{zkt _oiknok fnj Knìnkktin`S

Ofsk _z{jy




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Ofsk _z{jy

Pk ofn jiwijk zhk akftnkts inze : `te{|s fnj fsm zhkc ze |tk|ftk fofsk sz{jy eg fn KT\ get fn Fa{cini{c Cfn{gfoz{tin` Oec|fny. Kfoh`te{| ofn dk fsmkj ze petm en f |ftzio{aft |hfsk eg zhk tkv{itkcknz

kaioizfzien |teokss. Pk ofn tkfj e{z zhk wftie{s ofsks zhfz hf||knj{tin` Tkv{itkcknzs Jisoewkty! Tkv{itkcknzs Oafssigiofzien!

Tkv{itkcknzs \tietizirfzien fnj Nkèzifzien! fnj Tkv{itkcknzs

Jeo{cknzfzien.

@te{| F2 Tkv{itkcknzs JisoewktyKT\ (Knzkt|tisk Tkse{tok \afnnin`) segzpftk is ze dk d{iaz get fnFa{cini{c Cfn{gfoz{tin` Oec|fny. J{tin` zhk Tkv{itkcknzs

jisoewkty |hfsk! zhk tkv{itkcknz knìnkkts shfaa è ze faa zhk szfmk

heajkts aimk!Zhk Fooe{nzfnzsZhk Jfzf knztyZhk Inwknzety cfnf`kt Zhk _ko{tizy cfnf`kt

Zhk HT cfnf`kt




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Ofsk _z{jy (oenzj.)

Tkv{itkcknzs ftk oeaakozkj.

Tkv{itkcknzs aimk

T6. Zhk KT\ she{aj cfinzfin zhk aisz eg faa zhk Kc|aeykks eg zhk oec|fnypizh zhkit |ktsenfa fnj \fycknz jkzfiasT4. Zhk KT\ she{aj cfinzfin zhk jfzf eg tfp cfzktifa fnj ginishkj|tej{ozs.

T?. Zhk KT\ she{aj hfwk fn e|zien ze ìwk den{s ze kc|aeykks.T:. Zhk KT\ she{aj cfinzfin Wknjets° fnj O{szeckts° fooe{nzs! fnj

{|jfzk zhkc fz zicks eg sfaks et |{tohfsk.T;. Zhk KT\ she{aj `knktfzk |tegiz diaas kwkty cenzh.

T7. Zhk KT\ she{aj hfwk e|ziens ze fjj nkp kc|aeykks fnj jkakzkkxiszin` kc|aeykks.

T0. Zhk diaas `knktfzkj she{aj dk en F: sirk |f|kt.





@te{| D2 Tkv{itkcknzs OafssigiofzienFgzkt jisoewktin` zhk tkv{itkcknzs! get oafssigyin` tkv{itkcknzs! pk ofn

`te{| zhkc inze tkafzkj `te{|s! aimk fs geaaeps2Fooe{nzs Cej{ak2 T?!T:!T;!T0

HT Cej{ak2 T6!T7Inwknzety cej{ak2 T4

@te{| O2 Tkv{itkcknzs \tietizirfzien fnj Nkèzifzien

Fgzkt oafssigiofzien ! zhk tkv{itkcknzs she{aj dk ìwkn |tietizyHi`hksz \tietizy2 T6!T4!T:

Ckji{c \tietizy2 T?!T7!T;Aep \tietizy2 T0

_inok zhktk ftk ne oenztfjiozety tkv{itkcknzs! oengaioz tksea{zien is nez

tkv{itkj.





@te{| J2 Tkv{itkcknzs Jeo{cknzfzienFz afsz! zhk tkv{itkcknzs ftk jeo{cknzkj in szfnjftj getcfz! aimk

Zh{s! zhk knzitk |teokss szftzin` gtec tkv{itkcknz jisoewkty zeoafssigiofzien! |tietizirfzien fnj jeo{cknzfzien in tkv{itkj getc! tkgakozs

zhk |teokss eg tkv{itkcknz kaioizfzien.

Tkv. Ne. Jksoti|zien _e{tok Jfzk fnj Zick Jk|knjknoiks

6.6 Zhk KT\ she{ajcfinzfin zhk aisz egfaa zhk Kc|aeykkseg zhk oec|fnypizh zhkit |ktsenfafnj \fycknzjkzfias

Cfnf`kt HT 642?< 64%6<%4<<9 Nenk

6.4 Zhk KT\ she{ajhfwk fn e|zien zeìwk den{s ze

kc|aeykks

Cfnf`kt Fooe{nzs

662?< 64%6<%4<<9 Nenk




Fnicfzien

@e ze Cfin Ckn{




_{``kszkj dy2

\teg. _fzyfjhyfn Ohiomkt{t C_TIZ! Dfn`faetk

_kssien In|{z2 Inztej{ozien ze Oec|{zkt @tf|hios

]Oec|{zkt _oiknok fnj Knìnkktin`S

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Innewfziwk Inzt

ej{ozien #Fnicfzien Cewik

Fn fnicfzien cewik ofn dk |afykj. Zhk akftnkts cfy dk fsmkj ze ptizkzhk ic|etzfnz fnj inzktkszin` fs|kozs eg zhk wijke.

Fnicfzkj Cewik2hzz|2%%ppp.cissien6<x.oec%cissien#6<x%Jeo{cknzs%giaainÙdf .fwi

hzz|2%%ppp.cissien6<x.oec%cissien#6<x%Jeo{cknzs%ckazUiok.fwi




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. _fohin T. @fwfaiCkohfniofa Knìnkktin` Jk|ftzcknz

_.W.K.T.I°s Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin`! \fnjhft|{t

_kssien In|{z2 Wf|e{t \epkt Oyoak]F||aikj ZhktcejynfciosS

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2

Wijke oai|s%Fnicfzien ofn dk jepnaefjkj gtec zhk inzktnkz! shepin`zhk e|ktfzien eg Oftnez oyoak. Zhis ofn dk shepn ze zhk akftnkts zpioket zhtiok se zhfz zhky ofn oec|tkhknj zhk |teokssks in zhk oyoakoakftay.

Fnicfzien Ainm2

hzz|2%%`faiakefnjkinszkin.|hysios.witìnif.kj{%cetkUsz{gg%gafshakzs%oftnez.hzc




Ezhkt Innewfziens

@e ze Cfin Ckn{

Kxfc|ak 6




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Z. CkknfmshiIGKZ Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin`! Wiaa{|{tfc

_kssien In|{z2 Tkof|2 Dfsios eg Tkozigikt fnj _OT]Kakoztenios fnj Oecc{niofzien Knìnkktin`S

Kxfc|ak # 6




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Innewfziwk Giaa in zhk Dafnms

Zhk oafss ofn dk s|aiz inze 4 zkfcs fnj ìwkn zhk petj ºgjsgejfai». Zhk akftnkts

ofn dk ingetckj zhfz phkn zhky tkfttfn`k zhk akzzkts! zhky piaa `kz f gaepkt°snfck fnj kfoh akzzkt in zhfz gaepkt°s nfck is zhk szftzin` akzzkt eg zhk fnspkt get

enk eg zhk geaaepin` v{ksziens.

6. UUUUUUUUUUU is f {nijitkozienfa jkwiok.

4. Tkozigikt oenwktzs UUUUUUUUUUUUo{ttknz inze jitkoz o{ttknz.?. Phkn |esiziwk eg s{||ay is oennkozkj ze fnejk fnj nk`fziwk eg s{||ay is

oennkozkj ze ofzhejk in _OT! zhk b{nozien 6 fnj ? ftk UUUUUUUUUUUUdifskj.

:. Zhk g{aa pfwk dtij`k tkozigikt hfs UUUUUUUUUU n{cdkt eg jiejks.

;. Zhk hfag pfwk tkozigikt hfs UUUUUUUU n{cdkt eg jiejks.

7. UUUUUUUUUUafykt is getckj phkn \ zy|k fnj N zy|k afykts ftk beinkj ze`kzhkt.0. Zhk |{tk getc eg skcioenj{ozet is ofaakj UUUUUUUUUUU skcioenj{ozet.

8. _OT hfs Uge{t UUUUUUUUU.

9. In UUUUUUUUUUU! zhk `fzk o{ttknz is {skj ze oenztea zhk aefj o{ttknz fnj

weazf`k.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Innewfziwk Giaa in zhk Dafnms

(oenzj.)

Zhk fnspkts get zhk fdewk v{ksziens ofn dk jiso{sskj dy tkfttfnìn` zhk oa{k.

Phkn zhk akftnkts tkfttfn`k zhk petj! zhky `kz ºJFGGEJIA_». Nep kfoh akzzkt eg

zhk petj is zhk gitsz akzzkt eg zhk fnspkt.

6. Jiejk is f {nijitkozienfa jkwiok.

4. Tkozigikt oenwktzs Fazktnfzin` o{ttknz inze jitkoz o{ttknz.

?. Phkn |esiziwk eg s{||ay is oennkozkj ze fnejk fnj nk`fziwk eg s{||ay is

oennkozkj ze ofzhejk in _OT! zhk b{nozien 6 fnj ? ftk Getpftj difskj.:. Zhk g{aa pfwk dtij`k tkozigikt hfs Ge{t n{cdkt eg jiejks.

;. Zhk hfag pfwk tkozigikt hfs Enk n{cdkt eg jiejks.

7. Jk|akzien afykt is getckj phkn \ zy|k fnj N zy|k afykt ftk beinkj ze`kzhkt.

0. Zhk |{tk getc eg skcioenj{ozet is ofaakj Inztinsio skcioenj{ozet.

8. _OT hfs ge{t Afykts.9. In _OT! zhk fzk o{ttknz is {skj ze oenztea zhk aefj o{ttknz fnj weazf`k.

Kxfc|ak 4




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Dfjt{nnisf _.Dkaafty Insziz{zk eg Zkohneae`y fnj Cfnf`kcknz! Dkaafty

_kssien In|{z2 Tkof| eg Okaa _zt{oz{tk]Diezkohneae`yS

Kxfc|ak # 4




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Cejka Cfmin`

Pk ofn dtikg zhk akftnkts tk`ftjin` zhis foziwizy dkgetkhfnj! se fs zehka| zhkc oec|akzk zhk zfsm pizhin zhk szi|{afzkj |ktiej eg zick.

Get zhk foziwizy! pk ofn jiwijk zhk oafss sztkn`zh inze zkfcs fs |kt zhkn{cdkt eg teps in zhk oafss fnj s{||ay kfoh zkfc pizh |afyin` je{`h

eg jiggktknz oeae{ts. Nep! pk ofn fsm kfoh zkfc ze |tk|ftk zhk okaaszt{oz{tk eg enk et`fnkaak.

Fgzkt oec|akzin` zhk zfsm! pk ofn tfnjecay skakoz zpe akftnkts fnj fsm zhkc ze oeaakoz zhk cejkas eg zhk et`fnkaaks gtec kfoh zkfc fnjofzkètirk zhkc fs |afnz fnj fnicfa okaas.

_eck kxfc|aks eg zhk |tk|ftkj cejkas ftk fs shepn dkaep.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Cejka Cfmin` (oenzj.)




Oecdinfzien eg

Foziwiziks

@e ze Cfin Ckn{




_{``kszkj dy2

Jt. (Cts.) Fnbfai AejhfCIZ! \{nk

Ze|io2 Inztej{ozien ze \eayckts]\eayckt Knìnkktin` S

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Jkcensztfzien eg Fnfae`y

F ceneckt is aimk f sinàk dkfj. Pk ofn shep zhk akftnkts phizk! tkj!`tkkn! kzo oeaetkj dkfjs eg jiggktknz sirks fnj shf|ks. Pk ofn kx|afin

zhfz kfoh sin ak dkfj tk|tksknzs f ceneckt. Zhktk ftk dkfjs egjiggktknz sirks fnj shf|ks. _iciaftay! zhktk ftk jiggktknz zy|ks eg

ceneckts.

Zhkn pk ofn |{z f gkp dkfjs in enk zhtkfj ze `kz f ohfin. F ohfin isfn fnfae`y get f |eayckt. \eayckt is f ohfin eg ceneckts.




_{``kszkj dy2\teg. Ciainj _. \fznfmft O{ccins Oeaak`k eg Knìnkktin` get Peckn! \{nk

_kssien In|{z2 Petmin` eg Tkozigikts]Kakoztenios fnj Zkakoecc{niofzien Knìnkktin`S

_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Teak \afy dfskj en Fnfae`y

Zhk geaaepin` ftk tkv{itkj get zhk teak |afy2

Enk Akftnkt (F)2 Get |afyin` zhk teak eg f petmkt |fomf in` zhkginishkj

\tej{oz.Enk Akftnkt (D)2 Get |afyin` zhk teak eg f petmkt ìwin` zhk |fomkj|tej{oz get shi||in`.Ge{t _cfaa \afszio dexks2 Hfwin` f Ptf||kt.

Ge{t _cfaa \afszio dexks2 Nez Hfwin` f Ptf||kt.




_{``kszkj Foziwizy2 Teak \afy dfskj en Fnfae`y

(oenzj.)

Zhk |teokss get shi||in` ginishkj |tej{ozs in f cfn{gfoz{tin`

oec|fny is knfozkj zhte{`h zhk teak |afy2

_oknk 62 Ig D tkokiwks zhk ginishkj |tej{oz ptf||kj in f ptf||kt!hk%shk FOOK\Z_ iz fnj sknjs iz get shi||in`.

Ig hk%shk tkokiwks zhk ginishkj |tej{oz pizhe{z f ptf||kt! hk%shkTKBKOZ_ iz .

Zhis is fn Fnfae`y get Hfag pfwk Tkozigikt°s petmin` .

_oknk 42 Ig D tkokiwks zhk ginishkj |tej{oz ptf||kj in f ptf||kt!

hk%shk FOOK\Z_ iz.

Ig hk%shk tkokiwks zhk ginishkj |tej{oz pizhe{z f ptf||kt ! hk%shkpiaa PTF\ iz fnj zhkn sknj iz get shi||in` .

Zhis is fn Fnfae`y get G{aa pfwk Tkozigikt°s petmin` .



INNEWFZK KJ[OFZKKXOKA

Pish ye{ @eej A{om&

ZKFC CI__IEN6<x

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