Natural Science Learning Lab is a collective work, conceived, designed and created by the Primary Educational department at Santillana, under the supervision of Teresa Grence.
WRITER Montse Watkin
ILLUSTRATIONS Jordi Baeza Javier Hernández
EDITORS Clare Hogg Paolo N. Gallucci
SCIENCE CONSULTANT Alan Martin
MANAGING EDITOR Sheila Tourle
BILINGUAL PROJECT COORDINATION Margarita España
Natural Science5
Activity Book
1 Living things and cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2 The kingdoms of living things . . . 12
3 Ecosystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4 Relationships in ecosystems . . . . 28
5 Energy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6 Light and heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Other words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Contents
1 Living things and cells
1 Write true or false. Then correct the false sentences.
a. All living things are made up of cells.
b. You have to use a microscope to see some cells.
c. Cells carry out: nutrition, reproduction and digestion.
d. Specialised cells carry out a particular function.
e. Cells are all the same size and shape.
f. Neurons are bigger than red blood cells.
2 Write the name of the human cells. Then circle the correct shape.
bone cell intestinal cell muscle cell neuron red blood cell white blood cell
four
long with round ends / long with star-shaped ends
round / long
star-shaped / disc-shaped
rectangular / disc-shaped
long and flat / long and round
rectangular / star-shaped
4
4 Label the parts of the microscope. Then complete the sentences.
3 Unscramble and label the parts of a cell.
o g r e s a n l e l b e m n m r a ey c p s t o m l a n l c u u s e
five
a.
b.
c.
d.
objective lenses focusing knobs eyepiece stage diaphragm
a. We put the glass slide with the sample on the
.
b. The magnify the sample on the slide.
c. We look through the .
d. We adjust the focus with the .
e. The controls the amount of light on the sample.
5
1
5 Complete the text about animal cells.
7 Match the words to their definitions.
a. The part of the cell that coordinates the cell’s activities.
b. Specialised structures that carry out the different functions of the cell.
c. A flexible covering around the cell that protects it.
d. A liquid between the nucleus and the membrane.
6 Write the name of the animal cells. Use the words underlined in activity 5.
allow breathe carry have transmit
cytoplasm
nucleus
membrane
organelles
Animals millions of cells in their body. They are specialised according to
their function and type: for example, brain cells information; lung cells
allow animals to ; red blood cells oxygen; and muscle
cells movement.
six6
Leaves are green because plant cells have specialised organelles called
that contain a green substance called .
Chlorophyll absorbs , which plants need to make their own
.
membrane nucleus cytoplasm organelles cellwall chloroplasts
food chlorophyll sunlight chloroplasts
8 Label the parts of a plant cell.
9 Read and tick (✓). One of the characteristics is common to both animal and plant cells.
10 Read and complete the text about plant cells.
a.
b.
e.
f.
c.
d.
characteristics animal cells
plant cells
They have a membrane, a nucleus and cytoplasm with organelles.
They do not produce their own food.
They have a rigid cell wall.
They are bigger and have a regular shape.
They are many different shapes and sizes.
1
seven 7
11 Complete the table.
12 Match the pictures to the description and type of organism.
13 Draw two multicellular organisms.
a.
b.
c.
yeast
amoeba
bacteria
This organism lives in water or in wet places. It can change shape.
This organism reproduces rapidly. It is used to make bread and beer.
This organism has a tail that spins to make it move.
the air one many microscope naked eye plants soil
unicellular living things multicellular living things
They are made up of … cell cells
They are found in …water, ,
and our bodyanimals and
They are visible with … a the
8 eight
15 Read about levels of organisation and circle the correct words.
a. Groups of the same type of cells join together to form tissues / organisms.
b. Cells / tissues join together to form organs.
c. Organs form systems / organisms and work together to carry out a common function.
d. All the different systems work together to form an organism / organ: a complete living thing.
16 Write two examples of each level of organisation in the human body.
a. cell:
b. tissue:
c. organ:
d. system:
14 Unscramble and write the levels of organisation. Then number them in order from the simplest (1) to the most complex (5).
s s u e t i
l e c l
n o g a r m i s
t y s s m e
n a g r o
muscle cells
1
9
1
nine
17 Complete the mind map about animal cells.
white blood cell
protects the body from infections and illness
absorbs useful substances into the body
carries oxygen
muscle cell
brain cell
keeps bones healthy and strong
long and round
TYPES OF ANIMAL
CELL
type of cell function shape
10 ten
Yeast, bubbles and breadYeast is used to make one of the most widely consumed foods in the world: bread. The ancient Egyptians were probably the first to bake bread with yeast more than 3,000 years ago.Yeast is a type of fungi. It is a unicellular living thing. The cell is egg-shaped and it can only be seen with a microscope. Although a yeast cell is tiny, it has a long scientific name, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, which means ‘sugar eating fungus’.When baking bread, yeast feeds on the sugar in the flour for energy to grow. In the process, it produces carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide gets trapped inside the bread dough and produces little air bubbles. These bubbles make the bread rise up before and during baking.Of course, not all bread has bubbles: flatbread is a type of flat, thin bread made without yeast.
1 Read the text and write true or false.
a. Using yeast to make bread is a modern invention.
b. Yeast is a type of fungi.
c. Yeast cells are long.
d. Yeast uses sugar to grow.
e. The heat of the oven produces carbon dioxide.
f. You can’t make bread without yeast.
2 Complete the table with more types of flatbread and the place they are from.
Let's read!
type of flatbread place
tortillas Mexico
1
eleven 11
13
Glossary
Glossary
Living things and cells
life process
nutrition
sensitivity
reproduction
cell
nutrient
energy
divide
react
neuron
round
long
flat
rectangular
disc-shaped
star-shaped
red blood cell
bone cell
white blood cell
liver cell
muscle cell
intestinal cell
membrane
1
nucleus
cytoplasm
organelle
microscope
eyepiece
focusing knob
objective lens
stage
slide
diaphragm
chlorophyll
cell wall
unicellular
multicellular
bacteria
protozoa
tissue
organ
immune system
system
muscular system
digestive system
organism
53fifty-three
