AD-A11I 365 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION WASHINGTON DC F/S 6/3APPLICATION OF A COMPUTERIZED GENERAL PURPOSE INFORMATION MANAG-ETC(U)JUN 80 T L ERWIN DAMD17-79--919
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Report Number 1
APPLICATION OF A COMPUTERIZED GENERAL PURPOSEINFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (SELGE.M) TO KEDICALLY
IMPORTANT ARTHROPODS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)
Annual Report
Terry L. Erwin
June 1980
For the period 1 September 1979 to 30 May 1980
supported by
U. S. AR.Y MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND
Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21701
Contract No. DAMD-17-79-C-9149 t :'Smithsonian Institution E CTWashington, DC 20560 I9Br
A
DOD AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.
The findings in this report are not to be construed as anofficial Department of the Army position unless so designed byother authorized documents.
02 2,5 no9
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%
SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE When Date Entered)
REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLET FOR1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER
4. TITLE (. dSubi.) APPICATION OF A COMPUTERIZED S. TYPE OF REPORT & PERIOD COVERED
GENERAL PURPOSE INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Annual--1 September 1979-(SEIGEM) TO MEDICALLY ThWORTANT ARTHROPODS 30 May 1980(DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) 6. PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER
7. AUTHOR(a) 0. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER(&)
Terry L. Erwin DAMD17-79-C-9149
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASKAREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS
Smithsonian InstitutionWashington, D.C. 20560 62770A.3MI62770A870.AC.002
II. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 12. REPORT DATE
US Army Medical Research and Development Command June 1980Fort Detrick 13. NUMBER OF PAGES
Frederick, MD 21701 10114. MONITORING AGENCY NAME & AOORESS(I dlllorent from Contrlling 0ffice) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (of th e report)
Unclassified
5s. ECL ASSI FICATION/ DOWN GRAOIN GSCHEDULE
16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of thsl Report)
Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.
17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of he absetract entored in Mack 20, It dilffr ntfrom Report)
IS. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
IS. KEY WORDS (Continueotanrfewr@@ side It nocoemy and Identity by, block nmtber)
Mosquitoes, Culicidae, Malaria, Arbovirus, Systematics, Distribution,Vectors
20. Ass ACT (C~meaereverse efib N neseseW Ad ld,*,IfP bp block numbe)
The Mosquito Information Management Project was initiated in 1979 for thepurpose of developing a computer-based systematic and ecological master file(data bank) of the National Museum Mosquito Collection housed in the SmithsonianInstitution. The approximately 500,000 specimens with associated data constitutethe best mosquito collection in the world. The data management system SELGEM(SELf-GEnerating Master) was adapted to meet the needs of the project.
D ,4=71 1473 rnDi. or I Nov 42is ossoLT
S-CURITY CLASSTFICATION OF THIS RAG (hRtn Doe Eeeore
.4' TY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAoE-W Do,. Eft,-t ..
A new mosquito collection information format has been developed, and program-med for ENTREX (data input hardware-software system) and the Honeywell 6620 com-puter. ENTREX indices were created for collectors, depositories and countriesto permit use of abbreviations in collection records. Five subprograms werewritten to test the capability of SELGEM in addressing specialized questionsto ensure its competence in handling hierarchically arranged data. The computerprogram, MILREF, which permits conversion of military grid reference coordinatesto geographical coordinates (latitude-longitude), was obtained from the DefenseMapping Agency (DMA), making it possible to computer generate distribution mapswith either of the above type of coordinates. All available medium and largescale maps (over 2000), and gazeteers were obtained for Middle and South Americafrom the DMA." The following collection records were submitted to the computermaster file via ENTREX: (1) 61 collections containing about 3600 specimens fromEcuador and (2) 1100 collections for 15 of the 43 Middle and South Americancountries concerning the Albimanus Section of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus)(Faran, 1980).
SRCURITY CLASSIFICATION OF TNIS PAGSVIIM. DaM Z£fntf
SUMMARY
The Mosquito Information Management Project was initiated in 1979 for
the purpose of developing a computer-based systematic and ecological master
file (data bank) of the National Museum Mosquito Collection housed in the
Smithsonian Institution. The approximately 500,000 specimens with associated
data constitute the best mosquito collection in the world. The data
management system SELGEM (SELf-G~nerating Master) was adapted to meet the
needs of the project.
A new mosquito collection information format has been developed, and
programmed for ENTREX (data input hardware-software system) and the Honeywell
6620 computer. ENTREX indices were created for collectors, depositories and
countries to permit use of abbreviations in collection records. Five sub-
programs were written to test the capability of SELGEM in addressing
specialized questions to ensure its competence in handling hierarchically
arranged data. The computer program, MILREF, which permits conversion of
military grid reference coordinates to geographical coordinates (latitude-
longitude), was obtained from the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA), making it
possible to computer-generate distribution maps with either of the above
type of coordinates. All available medium and large scale maps (over 2000),
and gazeteers were obtained for Middle and South America from the DMA. The
following collection records were submitted to the computer master file via
ENTREX: (1) 61 collections containing about 3600 specimens from Ecuador
and (2) 1100 collections for 15 of the 43 Middle and South American countries
concerning the Albimanus Section of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Faran, 1980).
2
FORWARD
Citation of trade names in this report does not conAtute an
official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial items.
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3
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary ........................................................... 1
Forward ................................................................ 2
Introduction ........................................................... 4
Review of progress for the period 1 September 1979 to 31 May 1980 ...... 5
Visitors ... ..........................................................8
Appendices
1. New collection form ........................................... 9
2. ENTREX format ................................................ 12
3. Sample queries ............................................... 23
ji
4.
INTRODUCTION
The Mosquito Information Management Project is a definitive study
that will result in the development of a computer-based systematic and
ecological master file (data bank) of the United States National Museum
Mosquito Collection, the largest and best such collection in the world.
The master file will: (1) provide important, easily accessible, coordinated
systematic, ecologic, and vector data to the military, public health
organizations and other scientific and environmental agencies; (2) enhance
and support research conducted by Department of Entomology, AFRIMS Medical
Research Laboratory, Thailand, U.S. Army Medical Research Unit Brasilia
(USAMRU), and the Medical Entomology Project (MEP); (3) provide knowledge
of gaps in the collection and allow new collection strategies; (4) alleviate
managerial problems by providing a timely and cost-efficient collection
inventory; and (5) serve as a model for data capture involving mosquito
biology throughout the world.
The Mosquito Information Management Project works in close association
with the Department of Entomology, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
and the Medical Entomology Project, Smithsonian Institution, and is designed
to be responsive to each of their needs.
* La
REVIEW OF PROGRESS FOR THE PERIOD
1 September 1979 to 31 May 1980
I. Equipment and Personnel
A. Museum technician, Charlotte Burnett, was hired and she began
work on 1 September 1979.
B. The following equipment was ordered and received: Hazeltine
1510 CRT terminal; Anadex Printer, and; Techtran 816 datacassette.
II. Development of SELGEM Master File and Querying Capabilities
A. Collection Form (Appendix 1) - A new collection information form
was designed to assist in data entry and expand retrieval capabilities.
This new form has combined features of the forms of the project
Mosquitoes of Middle America (MOMA) and the Medical Entomology
Project (MEP). In addition, this form allows gathering of data
on the (1) medical importance of each species, (2) museum data,
(3) name of individual who determined species, (4) synonyms,
(5) important reference(s), (6X type-data (if collection contains
types) and (7) species code (explained in 1980 research proposal).
These forms have been adopted by MEP and were field tested January-
February 1980, in South Africa by Dr. Y.-M. Huang.
B. SELGEM Master File and Data Entry
1. SELGEM Program - A custom auxiliary program was designed and
written to handle the hierarchically arranged data included in
the new collection information form. In a hierarchical file
such as this, data is arranged in a pyramid fashion, that is,
for any one particular category within a record there may be
several, independent subcategories. In order to gain maximal
V ..
6
accessibility to the information stored in this kind of file
the computer must be able to search and associate data stored
among the many records, and also the data in the different
subcategories within a single record.
2. ENTREX Program and Files - The format of the new collection
record was programmed into the hardware-software system, ENTREX,
which greatly increases efficiency of data entry (Appendix 2 and
see methods in 1980 proposal). ENTREX indices were created
for collectors, depositories and countries to permit use of
abbreviations in the collection records.
3. Collection Records in Master File
a) Ecuador File - 61 collection records concerning about 3600
specimens were submitted to the computer via ENTREX as part
of an initial test of SELGEM's capability (see 4, below).
b) Nyssorhynchus collection - 1100 collection records, with
associated species, for 15 of the 43 Middle and South American
countries for the Albimanus section of Nyssorhynchus (Faran,
1980) have been submitted to computer.
4. SELGEM Subprosrams - Five computer subprograms have been developed
to test the ability of SELGEM in addressing specialized questions.
The SELGEM system was tested with the Ecuador file, before building
other files, to ensure that it was capable of associating data
in a hierarchical fashion. To test this the following questions
were presented to SELGEM (answers in Appendix 3):
?*. .4
7
a) What species have been collected in association with Culex
(Mel.) bastgarius in Ecuador?
b) Where has Anopheles (Nys.) trinkae been collected in Ecuador?
c) HasAn. (Eys.) trinkae ever been collected in ground pools?
Where?
d) How many larval-pupal-female and larval-pupal-male individual
rearings of An. (Nys.) trinkae are from Ecuador?
e) What months of the year has An. (Nys.) rangeli been collected
in Ecuador?
f) Has An. (Nys.) trinkae been collected above 250 M elevation
in Ecuador? Where?
g) List the locality data, general environment, and immature
habitats for all the collections which include An. (Ys.)
trinkae from Ecuador.
h) Has An. (js.) trinkae been collected with An. (Nys.) rangeli
in Ecuador? In what type of habitat?
5. Computer Conversion of Military Grid Reference Coordinates to
Geographic Coordinates (latitude-longitude) -
A computer program, written in FORTRAN IV entitled MILREF, was
obtained from the Defense Mapping Agency (DMA). MILREF converts
military grid reference coordinates to geographic coordinates.
Most of the locality data on the MONA and MEP forms is recorded
in military grid coordinates; however, the computerized plotter
at the Smithsonian can only plot distribution maps with geographic
coordinates'. The acquisition of MILREF now permits the genera-
tion of extremely accurate computer-plotted, species distribution
maps with locality data in either military grid reference
).
coordinates or geographic coordinates.
6. Maps - All available medium and large scale maps (over 2000),
and gazeteers were obtained fnr Middle and South America from
the DMA. These maps will be used to verify locality data
recorded on the collection records.
7. Presentation at Annual Meeting of American Society of Tropical
Medicine and Hygiene (ASTMH) - An abstract has been submitted
to ASTM! for a paper on the Mosquito Information Management Project
to be presented at the 1980 annual meeting scheduled 5-7 November.
VISITORS
Visitors to this project include Dr. Charles L. Bailey (WRAIR, Washington,
D.C.), Dr. John N. Belkin (University of California, Los Angeles, CA), Dr.
Theodore J. Crovello, (University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana), Dr.
Richard H. Foote (U.S.D.A., Washington, D.C.), Dr. Kenneth J. Linthicum
(WRAIR, Washington, D.C.), Dr. L. P. Lounibos (Florida Medical Entomology
Laboratory, Vero Beach, FL), Drs. Adel Merdan and Sherif El Said (Malaria
Research Unit, Ain Shams University, (Cairo, Egypt), and Dr. David L. Vincent
(U.S.D.A. Importation Project, Beltsville, MD).
>1 9
Appendix 1
New Collection Form
10
BMITHSONLAN INSTITUTION o.4-SMEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY PROJECT
LOCALITY Collection Formn
Country Code Nearret Town Elevation
Numaber Specific Locality Date
County Map Deignadon Time
State, Pmiovnee or Depagaen Odd Coordinats Photo
Second Adnnslaav. Divisa Latitude and Lonrttude collector
09"RAL ItVVlOMMY2T L needle loeahd MAXITAT or £mMATvazs 2. leaf L_____ 3 Aquaaic vsgetalgooa. bryokyure S. trond_____ a. quantity
I.Alz tamp h. fun" 1.14odiLa of breeding site 4. sathe _____1. nonea. Wet ________C L ote a araS. t L______2 seambt. Dry - * ILWOOd plants b. medium S. nut S______ . some
2A% RH C______ go"_______ .ml 7. dad ______4. abundans3.Waser tmp .c a. height rage 4. natural c. artil. container -Ib. location4.Wind - 1ph 0-241-1 5-30 m a. araflcial _ _________1. submersed
a. non It. denity f, other d______ 4. trap, baboo pot L n. eednbt. ligh 1. 0 total &as"c L. Braing st L_______ _ emergerna. medium& 2. 1low a. pond e, other _____ . tvped. strong 3. 2 medium It. take L.ush% 1. Wamyra. SAWe 4. 3 high a. pound Pool____ a. deep shade 2. berbou
2.8ky 14. Herb. and dai . Beooded pool -b. Partial msade S. woodya. clear a. an1ma trak _ ___ a. full sun 4. algaeIt. Partially cloudy a. height range f. itaim, container 4.- Height of die above A. peec. overcant005121 a L. swamp. manhY 66921100 pound Is. brown4. fog It. dessity too Lfltst collection frorn near- a. Wlue-grena. mist 1. 0 I. marab eaorne ------ so. other1. light rain 2. 1 1. breal 2. tidal S.WaterL- heavy gain S. 2 f. flooded loran A. permaneaft & other
6. Ajnua rniall in 4. 3 J. seepage. swing 1. permanent7. Rainy sasoan mtontbs 15. ptpbytee IL well 2L smiperaneont HA3TAT Or ADULTS
JFMAMJJASONDJFM L. stream 3. temporaryS.Toposrspby a. density 1. margin L. tidal bt. movwent I.Speiflc else
I. mountain 1. 0 81 Pool 1. stagnantIb. hill 2. 1 Ma ditch, drain, canal 2. slow 2.DWLS collaction brorn-a. valley 3. 2 IL pit S. moderate us born4. plateau 4. 3 0. fountain 4. strong La. s above pound(e. plan 2iAidge effect, edge or inter- P. gutter a. turbidity 4. Collection method
9. Latitudinal regions ior of 41. road rat; wheel track 1. clear a. liHttraa. subpolar a. vegetation t. crabbole 2_____ . turbid b. bait trapbt. bared It. swamp L. VOCkbols d____ . color______ a. sweepingc. cool temperate a. road 1. volcanic a. PH d. aspic""ed. warma temup/subtroptcel 4. dike 2. coral t. badness ______ . other0. tropical 9. bank 3. boulder as area= s. amilaty L. bebavior
10. Atdinal belt L. other _______ arsink 1. bash a. ressinga. aipine 17.Wsat effect, shore or msar- 4. seaide L. brackiah 1. homueIt. subalpine gin of t. rockpool _____ . Mslt L_____a animal tshetea. montane a. "ea V6 stumpbole IL Pollution a. cave4. lower nzontaa b. lake I. mebole 1. aaerobic 4. treeboler9. near ua lavel a. streamo w. bamboo 2. ot L_____ vegetation,
11.f zone d. ve 1. cut or broken L. bottoms 4. othera.Holdrtdg *____ . swamap 2.stump 1. mud It. bid"n
___________ L is nmrb .split L. sand 1. anOiaIt. other s. oter______ C. uncut interoodet S. Pavel L. human
_______________ S. Humn Infuensea. flower bract, spathe .- .hdn12. Vegeatlo types s. eleaing Y. attached bruit, nut or L. ougas matter 1. SOiL
46 uraeemrin b. trazng pad a. PISA% I humanbt. aagioeperms e. Plantation L. last andI 4.______ swagnin
1. mooeots 4. aul iaoa I. epiphytic b. aimal 0. ating2. dicets e. domnestic 2 tewtdaL ______ f. art"
I. deciduous L pollutio As. Pitcher plant - .Coaeetion method &. ague""e tod. noadeciduous S. other bb. fallen plant pant b. othere. broad loa:*d 1
IRMAXICS:
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DISTRIBUTION LIST
12 Copies Director (ATTN: SGRD-UWZ-C)Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchWalter Reed Army Medical CenterWashington, DC 20012
4 Copies USANRDC (SGRD-RMS)Fort DetrickFrederick, MD 21701
12 Copies Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)ATTN: DTIC-DDACmeron StationAlexandria, VA 22314
1 Copy DeanSchool of MedicineUniformed Services Universityof the Health Sciences4301 Jones Bridge RoadBethesda, ND 20014
1 Copy Comandant* Academy of Health Sciences, US Army
ATTN: AHS-CDMFort Sam Houston, TX 78234
