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AdaptationsAdaptations
ObjectivesObjectives SPI 0807.5.2 Analyze structural, behavioral, and
physiological adaptations to predict which populations are likely to survive in a particular environment
SPI 0807.5.3 Analyze data on levels of variation within a population to make predictions about survival under particular environmental conditions.
I can: Identify an adaptation as structural, behavioral, or
physiological. Explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a
particular environment.
Types of AdaptationTypes of Adaptation Anything that helps an organism survive in Anything that helps an organism survive in
its environment its environment Adaptations are inherited from their parentsAdaptations are inherited from their parents It also refers to the ability of living things to It also refers to the ability of living things to
adjust to different conditions within their adjust to different conditions within their environments. environments.
Structural adaptationStructural adaptation Behavioral adaptationsBehavioral adaptations Physiological adaptationsPhysiological adaptations
I can identify an adaptation as structural, behavioral, or physiological.
Structural adaptationsStructural adaptations
A A structural adaptationstructural adaptation involves involves some part of an organism's body.some part of an organism's body. Teeth Teeth Body coverings Body coverings
ShellsShells QuillsQuills Scales Scales
CamouflageCamouflage Mimicry Mimicry
I can identify an adaptation as structural, behavioral, or physiological.
Example of AdaptationExample of Adaptation
The shape of an The shape of an animal’s teeth is animal’s teeth is related to its diet. related to its diet. Herbivores, such as Herbivores, such as
deer, have many deer, have many molars for chewing molars for chewing tough grass and tough grass and plants.plants.
Carnivores, such as Carnivores, such as lions, have sharp lions, have sharp canines to kill and tear canines to kill and tear meat. meat.
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
CamouflageCamouflage Camouflage Camouflage allows allows
an animal to blend an animal to blend into its environment. into its environment.
Makes it hard for Makes it hard for enemies to single out enemies to single out individuals individuals
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
MimicryMimicry MimicryMimicry allows one allows one
animal to look, sound, animal to look, sound, or act like another or act like another animal to fool animal to fool predators into predators into thinking it is thinking it is poisonous or poisonous or dangerous. dangerous.
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Plant AdaptationsPlant Adaptations
Vascular-stemsVascular-stems Root systemsRoot systems ThornsThorns Leave typeLeave type
Broad:absorb more Broad:absorb more sunlightsunlight
Small needle-like: Small needle-like: reduce water lossreduce water loss
Waxy: reduce water Waxy: reduce water loss, protect from fireloss, protect from fire
Poisonous/toxinsPoisonous/toxins
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Behavioral adaptationsBehavioral adaptations
Behavior adaptationsBehavior adaptations include activities or include activities or behaviors that help an behaviors that help an animal survive. animal survive.
1.1. Innate Innate
2.2. Learned Learned
3.3. Survival Survival
4.4. SeasonalSeasonal
I can identify an adaptation as structural, behavioral, or physiological.
Innate vs. LearnedInnate vs. Learned
InnateInnate Inherited through the Inherited through the
genesgenes ExamplesExamples
Flying for bees, birdsFlying for bees, birds Swimming for fishSwimming for fish Walking for humansWalking for humans Speaking for humansSpeaking for humans
LearnedLearned Learned from Learned from
experience or from experience or from observing other observing other animalsanimals
ExamplesExamples Type of language Type of language
spoken for humansspoken for humans Riding a bicycleRiding a bicycle
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Survival BehaviorSurvival Behavior
1.1. Finding foodFinding food Predator-Prey adaptationsPredator-Prey adaptations
Predator-animals that eat other animalsPredator-animals that eat other animals Prey-animal being eatenPrey-animal being eaten
2.2. Marking TerritoryMarking Territory Way that animals inform other animals that an area is Way that animals inform other animals that an area is
occupiedoccupied
3.3. Defensive ActionDefensive Action Protect resources, themselves, food, mates, offspringProtect resources, themselves, food, mates, offspring
4.4. CourtshipCourtship Behaviors used to find a mateBehaviors used to find a mate
5.5. ParentingParenting Depend on parents for survivalDepend on parents for survival
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Animal DefenseAnimal Defense
Some animals use Some animals use these methods of these methods of defense to protect defense to protect themselves:themselves: CamouflageCamouflage
SnakeSnake MimicryMimicry
Mexican Milk SnakeMexican Milk Snake Bright colorsBright colors
Skunk and Poison Skunk and Poison Arrow FrogArrow Frog
““Hair” projectionsHair” projections Hedgehog quillsHedgehog quills Deer AntlersDeer Antlers
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Seasonal BehaviorSeasonal Behavior
Help organisms adapt to the Help organisms adapt to the environmentenvironment
1.1. MigrationMigration
2.2. HibernationHibernation
3.3. EstivationEstivation
4.4. Biological ClockBiological ClockI can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
MigrationMigration Animals migrate for Animals migrate for
different reasons. different reasons.
better climate better climate better food better food safe place to live safe place to live safe place to raise young safe place to raise young go back to the place they go back to the place they
were born. were born.
Adaptation that Adaptation that involves an animal or involves an animal or group of animals group of animals moving from one moving from one region to another and region to another and then back again. then back again.
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
HibernationHibernation Period of inactivity in which animalPeriod of inactivity in which animal’’s body s body
temp., heart rate, and breathing rate slow temp., heart rate, and breathing rate slow down to conserve energy.down to conserve energy.
Bats, woodchucks & bears.Bats, woodchucks & bears.
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
EstivationEstivation
Period of inactivity in the summerPeriod of inactivity in the summer hot, dry placeshot, dry places
Snakes, lizards, frogs, toadsSnakes, lizards, frogs, toads
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Biological ClockBiological Clock
Internal control of animal’s natural Internal control of animal’s natural cyclecycle
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
Physiological AdaptationsPhysiological Adaptations
Behaviors controlled by the brainBehaviors controlled by the brain ReflexesReflexes BlinkingBlinking PainPain SwallowingSwallowing Tolerance to a certain poisonTolerance to a certain poison Logical thinkingLogical thinking
I can identify an adaptation as structural, behavioral, or physiological.
MammalsMammals
warm-bloodedwarm-blooded All have some type All have some type
of “hair”of “hair” Some are very Some are very
specialized, such as specialized, such as white polar bear furwhite polar bear fur
Care for youngCare for young
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
BirdsBirds
Leg Length Leg Length Roseate Spoonbill Roseate Spoonbill
(top right) (top right) Foot Webbing Foot Webbing
Laughing Gull Laughing Gull (top left)(top left)
Beak ShapeBeak Shape Long Billed Curlew Long Billed Curlew
(bottom)(bottom)
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
ReptilesReptiles
cold- bloodedcold- blooded ScalesScales Some undergo Some undergo
hibernation and hibernation and estivationestivation
Lay eggs on landLay eggs on land Leg structure and Leg structure and
positionposition
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
AmphibiansAmphibians
Cold-bloodedCold-blooded Lay eggs in waterLay eggs in water Partially of fully Partially of fully
webbed feetwebbed feet Have lungs or can Have lungs or can
absorb oxygen absorb oxygen through their skinthrough their skin
I can explain how an adaptation helps an organism survive in a particular environment.
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Natural SelectionNatural Selectionandand
Population Changes Population Changes Over TimeOver Time
ObjectivesObjectives SPI 0807.5.2 Analyze structural, behavioral, and
physiological adaptations to predict which populations are likely to survive in a particular environment
SPI 0807.5.3 Analyze data on levels of variation within a population to make predictions about survival under particular environmental conditions.
I can: Explain how genetic variations within a population help an
organism survive longer.
Natural SelectionNatural Selection The process by which individuals are The process by which individuals are
better adapted to their environment better adapted to their environment ““Survival of the Fittest”Survival of the Fittest” The fittest survive to pass on their The fittest survive to pass on their
traits to the next generation.traits to the next generation. Examples:Examples:
Insecticide resistanceInsecticide resistance SpeciationSpeciation Galapagos finchesGalapagos finches
http://www.vtaide.com/png/bird-adaptations3.htm
I can explain how genetic variations within a population help an organism survive longer.
I can explain how genetic variations within a population help an organism survive longer.
Insecticide ResistanceInsecticide Resistance SpeciationSpeciation
I can explain how genetic variations within a population help an organism survive longer.
Genetic VariationGenetic Variation
Differences that Differences that exist naturally exist naturally among the among the members of a members of a speciesspecies
Some traits are Some traits are better suited than better suited than others to survive in others to survive in their environmenttheir environment
I can explain how genetic variations within a population help an organism survive longer.
I can explain how genetic variations within a population help an organism survive longer.