Adaptations in Animals

Sponges

Sponges

• Transport and excretion: Diffusion• Gas exchange: Respiration • Nutrition: Filter feeders• Reproduction: Sexual

• sponges

Cnidarians

Cnidarians

• Transport and excretion: Diffusion

• Respiration: Aerobic respiration

• Digestion: Use nematocysts for digestion

• Reproduction: Asexual or sexual

• Nematocyst• Box Jelly

Flatworms

Flatworms• Transport and excretion:

Digestive tract (finally!)• Respiration: Aerobic

respiration• Nutrition: Mouth and digestive

tract (but only one opening!!!)• Reproduction Growth and

Development: Sexual reproduction externally

• Flatworm sex• tapeworm

MollusksOctopus

Transport and excretion

• Transport and excretion: closed circulatory system for transport and nephridia for excretion

Mollusks

• Respiration: Gills or lungs (depending if on land or in water)

• Nutrition: Filter feeder or through mouth (radula)

• Reproduction: Sexually externally

Segmented worms

Transport and Excretion

• Closed circulatory system, digestive system and anus

Segmented Worms

• Respiration: Skin• Nutrition: Mouth and

anus• Reproduction: Sexually

using eggs and sperm

• Annelids

Arthropods

Insects, crustaceans and arachnids

Transport and excretion

• Open circulatory system (they are small)• Digestive system and anus

Respiration

• Tracheal tubes, spiracles, book lungs or gills in underwater crustaceans

Nutrition

• Mouthparts specialized for eating

Reproduction

• Sexually internally or externally• Praying Mantis male gets eaten• Barnacle

Fish

Fish• Transport and excretion:

Closed circulatory system, digestive tract, anus, urinary tract– Small intestine absorbs

most nutrients• Respiration: Gills• Nutrition: Mouth with jaws

for eating (first one!) • Reproduction: Sexually

mostly external fertilization

AmphibiansFrogs and Salamanders

Amphibians• Transport and excretion:

closed circulatory system, digestive tract, anus, urinary tract– Small intestine absorbs most

nutrients• Respiration: gills as tadpoles,

lungs and skin as adults• Nutrition: Jaws with long

tongue • Reproduction: Sexually

external fertilization

Reptiles

• Transport and excretion: Closed circulatory system, digestive tract, anus, urinary tract– Small intestine absorbs most nutrients

• Respiration: Lungs

Nutrition

• Specialized jaws

Reproduction, growth and development

• Sexual reproduction internally and produce amniotic eggs

Birds

Birds

• Transport and excretion: Closed circulatory system, complete digestive tract, anus, urinary tract– Small intestine absorbs most nutrients

• Respiration: Lungs with air sacks• Nutrition: Beaks or bills for obtaining food• Reproduction growth and development: Internal

sexual reproduction and form a hard amniotic egg

Placental Mammals

• Transport and excretion: Closed circulatory system, complete digestive tract, anus, urniary tract– Small intestine absorbs most nutrients

• Respiration: Lungs• Nutrition: Jaws with different types of teeth• Reproduction: Sexually with placenta to give

birth to live young

Marsupials

• Everything is the same as placental mammals except they give birth to young very early and the young live in their pouch

Monotreme

• Transport and respiration are the same….• but they have long snouts or duckbills for

nutrition and lay eggs for reproduction